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Zhao Y, Zhang R, Chen Z, Wang Z, Guan S, Lu J. Protective effect of brain and muscle arnt-like protein-1 against ethanol-induced ferroptosis by activating Nrf2 in mice liver and HepG2 cells. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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2
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Canella R, Benedusi M, Vallese A, Pecorelli A, Guiotto A, Ferrara F, Rispoli G, Cervellati F, Valacchi G. The role of potassium current in the pulmonary response to environmental oxidative stress. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 737:109534. [PMID: 36740034 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of human lung epithelial cells (A549 cell line) to the oxidant pollutant ozone (O3) alters cell membrane currents inducing its decrease, when the cell undergoes to a voltage-clamp protocol ranging from -90 to +70mV. The membrane potential of these cells is mainly maintained by the interplay of potassium and chloride currents. Our previous studies indicated the ability of O3 to activate ORCC (Outward Rectifier Chloride Channel) and consequently increases the chloride current. In this paper our aim was to understand the response of potassium current to oxidative stress challenge and to identify the kind potassium channel involved in O3 induced current changes. After measuring the total membrane current using an intracellular solution with or without potassium ions, we obtained the contribution of potassium to the overall membrane current in control condition by a mathematical approach. Repeating these experiments after O3 treatment we observed a significant decrease of Ipotassium. Treatment of the cells with Iberiotoxin (IbTx), a specific inhibitor of BK channel, we were able to verify the presence and the functionality of BK channels. In addition, the administration of 4-Aminopyridine (an inhibitor of voltage dependent K channels but not BK channels) and Tetraethylammonium (TEA) before and after O3 treatment we observed the formation of BK oxidative post-translation modifications. Our data suggest that O3 is able to inhibit potassium current by targeting BK channel. Further studies are needed to better clarify the role of this BK channel and its interplay with the other membrane channels under oxidative stress conditions. These findings can contribute to identify the biomolecular pathway induced by O3 allowing a possible pharmacological intervention against oxidative stress damage in lung tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Canella
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Mascia Benedusi
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Andrea Vallese
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Anna Guiotto
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrara
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Rispoli
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Franco Cervellati
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara, Italy; NC State University, Plants for Human Health Institute, Animal Science Dept. NC Research Campus 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA; Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
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3
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Daiber A, Frenis K, Kuntic M, Li H, Wolf E, Kilgallen AB, Lecour S, Van Laake LW, Schulz R, Hahad O, Münzel T. Redox Regulatory Changes of Circadian Rhythm by the Environmental Risk Factors Traffic Noise and Air Pollution. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:679-703. [PMID: 35088601 PMCID: PMC9618394 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Risk factors in the environment such as air pollution and traffic noise contribute to the development of chronic noncommunicable diseases. Recent Advances: Epidemiological data suggest that air pollution and traffic noise are associated with a higher risk for cardiovascular, metabolic, and mental disease, including hypertension, heart failure, myocardial infarction, diabetes, arrhythmia, stroke, neurodegeneration, depression, and anxiety disorders, mainly by activation of stress hormone signaling, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Critical Issues: We here provide an in-depth review on the impact of the environmental risk factors air pollution and traffic noise exposure (components of the external exposome) on cardiovascular health, with special emphasis on the role of environmentally triggered oxidative stress and dysregulation of the circadian clock. Also, a general introduction on the contribution of circadian rhythms to cardiovascular health and disease as well as a detailed mechanistic discussion of redox regulatory pathways of the circadian clock system is provided. Future Directions: Finally, we discuss the potential of preventive strategies or "chrono" therapy for cardioprotection. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 679-703.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Daiber
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
- Address correspondence to: Dr. Andreas Daiber, Labor für Molekulare Kardiologie, Abteilung für Kardiologie 1, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Geb. 605 – Raum 3.262, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Katie Frenis
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marin Kuntic
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Huige Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Eva Wolf
- Structural Chronobiology, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Aoife B. Kilgallen
- Division Heart and Lungs, Regenerative Medicine Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sandrine Lecour
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Linda W. Van Laake
- Division Heart and Lungs, Regenerative Medicine Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute for Physiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Omar Hahad
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
- Address correspondence to: Dr. Thomas Münzel, Labor für Molekulare Kardiologie, Abteilung für Kardiologie 1, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Geb. 605 – Raum 3.262, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz 55131, Germany
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4
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Sevilla A, Chéret J, Slominski RM, Slominski AT, Paus R. Revisiting the role of melatonin in human melanocyte physiology: A skin context perspective. J Pineal Res 2022; 72:e12790. [PMID: 35133682 PMCID: PMC8930624 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The evolutionarily ancient methoxyindoleamine, melatonin, has long perplexed investigators by its versatility of functions and mechanisms of action, which include the regulation of vertebrate pigmentation. Although first discovered through its potent skin-lightening effects in amphibians, melatonin's role in human skin and hair follicle pigmentation and its impact on melanocyte physiology remain unclear. Synthesizing our limited current understanding of this role, we specifically examine its impact on melanogenesis, oxidative biology, mitochondrial function, melanocyte senescence, and pigmentation-related clock gene activity, with emphasis on human skin, yet without ignoring instructive pointers from nonhuman species. Given the strict dependence of melanocyte functions on the epithelial microenvironment, we underscore that melanocyte responses to melatonin are best interrogated in a physiological tissue context. Current evidence suggests that melatonin and some of its metabolites inhibit both, melanogenesis (via reducing tyrosinase activity) and melanocyte proliferation by stimulating melatonin membrane receptors (MT1, MT2). We discuss whether putative melanogenesis-inhibitory effects of melatonin may occur via activation of Nrf2-mediated PI3K/AKT signaling, estrogen receptor-mediated and/or melanocortin-1 receptor- and cAMP-dependent signaling, and/or via melatonin-regulated changes in peripheral clock genes that regulate human melanogenesis, namely Bmal1 and Per1. Melatonin and its metabolites also accumulate in melanocytes where they exert net cyto- and senescence-protective as well as antioxidative effects by operating as free radical scavengers, stimulating the synthesis and activity of ROS scavenging enzymes and other antioxidants, promoting DNA repair, and enhancing mitochondrial function. We argue that it is clinically and biologically important to definitively clarify whether melanocyte cell culture-based observations translate into melatonin-induced pigmentary changes in a physiological tissue context, that is, in human epidermis and hair follicles ex vivo, and are confirmed by clinical trial results. After defining major open questions in this field, we close by suggesting how to begin answering them in clinically relevant, currently available preclinical in situ research models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec Sevilla
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Jérémy Chéret
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Radomir M. Slominski
- Graduate Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Andrzej T. Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Pathology Laboratory Service, Veteran Administration Medical Center at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294, USA
- Corresponding authors: Ralf Paus, MD, DSc: ; Andrzej T. Slominski, MD, PhD:
| | - Ralf Paus
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
- Monasterium Laboratory, Münster, Germany
- CUTANEON – Skin & Hair Innovations, Hamburg, Germany
- Corresponding authors: Ralf Paus, MD, DSc: ; Andrzej T. Slominski, MD, PhD:
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5
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The role of pulmonary ORCC and CLC-2 channels in the response to oxidative stress. Mol Cell Toxicol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-021-00137-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Exposure of human lung epithelial cells to the oxidant pollutant ozone (O3) alters cell Cl− currents inducing an outward rectifier effect. Among the various Cl− channels, ClC-2 and ORCC seemed to be involved in this response.
Objectives
To identify the channel related to O3 induced current changes.
Results
Down regulating the expression of ORCC and ClC-2 genes and analyzing the membrane current show that the enhancement of the current disappeared when ORCC was silenced. The contribution of ORCC and ClC-2 channels in control and O3 treated cells was obtained by a mathematical approach.
Conclusion
We suggest that O3 activates ORCC channels and slightly inhibited ClC-2 channels in the negative voltage range. These findings open the possibility of identifying the biomolecular changes induced by O3 allowing a possible pharmacological intervention towards chloride current due to oxidative stress.
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Woodby B, Pambianchi E, Ferrara F, Therrien JP, Pecorelli A, Messano N, Lila MA, Valacchi G. Cutaneous antimicrobial peptides: New "actors" in pollution related inflammatory conditions. Redox Biol 2021; 41:101952. [PMID: 33839421 PMCID: PMC8059092 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ozone (O3) exposure has been reported to contribute to various cutaneous inflammatory conditions, such as eczema, psoriasis, rush etc. via a redox-inflammatory pathway. O3 is too reactive to penetrate cutaneous tissue; it interacts with lipids present in the outermost layer of skin, resulting in formation of oxidized molecules and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Interestingly, several inflammatory skin pathologies demonstrate altered levels of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). These small, cationic peptides are found in various cells, including keratinocytes, eccrine gland cells, and seboctyes. Classically, AMPs function as antimicrobial agents. Recent studies indicate that AMPs also play roles in inflammation, angiogenesis, and wound healing. Since altered levels of AMPs have been detected in pollution-associated skin pathologies, we hypothesized that exposure to O3 could affect the levels of AMPs in the skin. We examined levels of AMPs using qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence in vitro (human keratinocytes), ex vivo (human skin explants), and in vivo (human volunteer subjects exposed to O3) and observed increased levels of all the measured AMPs upon O3 exposure. In addition, in vitro studies have confirmed the redox regulation of AMPs in keratinocytes. This novel finding suggests that targeting AMPs could be a possible defensive strategy to combat pollution-associated skin conditions. AMPs (hBDs1-3, CAMP) increase in O3 exposed human skin by a redox mechanism. Transcriptional upregulation of AMPs in response to O3 exposure is due to an altered redox status. Pollution increase AMPs could be the connection between pollution exposure and the development/exacerbation of inflammatory skin conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Woodby
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept, NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Erika Pambianchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept, NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Francesca Ferrara
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept, NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept, NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Nicolo' Messano
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept, NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept, NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept, NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; JP Therrien Consulting, LLC, USA; Kyung Hee University, Department of Food and Nutrition, South Korea.
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7
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Circadian Deregulation as Possible New Player in Pollution-Induced Tissue Damage. ATMOSPHERE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos12010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are 24-h oscillations driven by a hypothalamic master oscillator that entrains peripheral clocks in almost all cells, tissues and organs. Circadian misalignment, triggered by industrialization and modern lifestyles, has been linked to several pathological conditions, with possible impairment of the quality or even the very existence of life. Living organisms are continuously exposed to air pollutants, and among them, ozone or particulate matters (PMs) are considered to be among the most toxic to human health. In particular, exposure to environmental stressors may result not only in pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases, but, as it has been demonstrated in the last two decades, the skin can also be affected by pollution. In this context, we hypothesize that chronodistruption can exacerbate cell vulnerability to exogenous damaging agents, and we suggest a possible common mechanism of action in deregulation of the homeostasis of the pulmonary, cardiovascular and cutaneous tissues and in its involvement in the development of pathological conditions.
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8
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Pambianchi E, Ferrara F, Pecorelli A, Woodby B, Grace M, Therrien JP, Lila MA, Valacchi G. Blueberry Extracts as a Novel Approach to Prevent Ozone-Induced Cutaneous Inflammasome Activation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:9571490. [PMID: 32855770 PMCID: PMC7443250 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9571490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The World Health Organization estimates that 7 million people die every year due to pollution exposure. Among the different pollutants to which living organism are exposed, ozone (O3) represents one of the most toxic, because its location which is the skin is one of the direct tissues exposed to the outdoor environment. Chronic exposure to outdoor stressors can alter cutaneous redox state resulting in the activation of inflammatory pathways. Recently, a new player in the inflammation mechanism was discovered: the multiprotein complex NLRP1 inflammasome, which has been shown to be also expressed in the skin. The topical application of natural compounds has been studied for the last 40 years as a possible approach to prevent and eventually cure skin conditions. Recently, the possibility to use blueberry (BB) extract to prevent pollution-induced skin toxicity has been of great interest in the cosmeceutical industry. In the present study, we analyzed the cutaneous protective effect of BB extract in several skin models (2D, 3D, and human skin explants). Specifically, we observed that in the different skin models used, BB extracts were able to enhance keratinocyte wound closure and normalize proliferation and migration responses previously altered by O3. In addition, pretreatment with BB extracts was able to prevent ozone-induced ROS production and inflammasome activation measured as NRLP1-ASC scaffold formation and also prevent the transcripts of key inflammasome players such as CASP1 and IL-18, suggesting that this approach as a possible new technology to prevent cutaneous pollution damage. Our data support the hypothesis that BB extracts can effectively reduce skin inflammation and be a possible new technology against cutaneous pollution-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Pambianchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Animal Sciences Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC State University, 28081, NC, USA
| | - Francesca Ferrara
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Animal Sciences Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC State University, 28081, NC, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Animal Sciences Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC State University, 28081, NC, USA
| | - Brittany Woodby
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Animal Sciences Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC State University, 28081, NC, USA
| | - Mary Grace
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC State University, 28081, NC, USA
| | | | - Mary Ann Lila
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC State University, 28081, NC, USA
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Animal Sciences Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC State University, 28081, NC, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Valacchi G, Magnani N, Woodby B, Ferreira SM, Evelson P. Particulate Matter Induces Tissue OxInflammation: From Mechanism to Damage. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:308-326. [PMID: 32443938 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.8015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Oxidative stress and oxidative damage are central hypothetical mechanisms for the adverse effects of airborne particulate matter (PM). Activation of inflammatory cells capable of generating reactive oxygen and nitrogen species is another proposed damage pathway. Understanding the interplay between these responses can help us understand the adverse health effects attributed to breathing polluted air. Recent Advances: The consequences of PM exposure on different organs are oxidative damage, decreased function, and inflammation, which can lead to the development/exacerbation of proinflammatory disorders. Mitochondrial damage is also an important event in PM-induced cytotoxicity. Critical Issues: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated during phagocytosis of the particles, leading to enhancement of oxidative stress and triggering the inflammatory response. The activation of inflammatory signaling pathways results in the release of cytokines and other mediators, which can further induce ROS production by activating endogenous enzymes, leading to a positive feedback loop, which can aggravate the effects triggered by PM exposure. Future Directions: Further research is required to elucidate the exact mechanisms by which PM exposure results in adverse health effects, in terms of the relationship between the redox responses triggered by the presence of the particles and the inflammation observed in the different organs, so the development/exacerbation of PM-associated health problems can be prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Natalia Magnani
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Química Analítica y Fisicoquímica, Cátedra de Química General e Inorgánica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CONICET, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Brittany Woodby
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sandra María Ferreira
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Química Analítica y Fisicoquímica, Cátedra de Química General e Inorgánica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CONICET, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Evelson
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Química Analítica y Fisicoquímica, Cátedra de Química General e Inorgánica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CONICET, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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10
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Ferrara F, Woodby B, Pecorelli A, Schiavone ML, Pambianchi E, Messano N, Therrien JP, Choudhary H, Valacchi G. Additive effect of combined pollutants to UV induced skin OxInflammation damage. Evaluating the protective topical application of a cosmeceutical mixture formulation. Redox Biol 2020; 34:101481. [PMID: 32336667 PMCID: PMC7327990 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the skin is one of the targets of the harmful effects of environmental insults, several studies have investigated the effects of outdoor stressors on cutaneous tissue. Ozone (O3), particulate matter (PM), and ultraviolet radiation (UV) have all been shown to induce skin damage through disruption of tissue redox homeostasis, resulting in the so called "OxInflammation" condition. However, few studies have explored whether these stressors can act synergistically in cutaneous tissues. In the present work, we evaluated whether O3, PM, and UV, which are the most common environmental skin insults, act synergistically in inducing skin damage, and whether this effect could be prevented through topical application of a cosmeceutical formulation mixture (CF Mix) containing 15% vitamin C (l-ascorbic acid), 1% vitamin E (α-tocopherol), and 0.5% ferulic acid. Human skin explants obtained from three different subjects were sequentially exposed to 200 mJ UV light, 0.25 ppm O3 for 2 h, and 30 min of diesel engine exhaust (DEE), alone or in combination for 4 days (time point D1 and D4). We observed a clear additive effect of O3 and DEE in combination with UV in increasing levels of several oxidative (4HNE, HO-1) and inflammatory (COX2, NF-κB) markers and loss of barrier-associated proteins, such as filaggrin and involucrin. Furthermore, daily topical pre-treatment with the CF Mix prevented upregulation of the inflammatory and oxidative markers and the loss of both involucrin and filaggrin. In conclusion, this study is the first to investigate the combined effects of three of the most harmful outdoor stressors on human skin and suggests that daily topical application may prevent pollution-induced skin damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ferrara
- Department of Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Brittany Woodby
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept. NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept. NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Maria Lucia Schiavone
- Department of Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept. NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Erika Pambianchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept. NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Nicolo' Messano
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept. NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Jean-Philippe Therrien
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept. NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | | | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept. NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA; Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
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11
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Ferrara F, Pambianchi E, Pecorelli A, Woodby B, Messano N, Therrien JP, Lila MA, Valacchi G. Redox regulation of cutaneous inflammasome by ozone exposure. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 152:561-570. [PMID: 31778733 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Several pollutants have been shown to affect skin physiology, among which ozone (O3) is one of the most toxic. Prolonged exposure to O3 leads to increased oxidative damage and cutaneous inflammation. The correlation between O3 exposure and inflammatory cutaneous conditions (atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, acne and eczema) has been already suggested, although the mechanism involved is still unclear. In the last few decades, a new multiprotein complex, the inflammasome, has been discovered and linked to tissue inflammation, including inflammatory skin conditions. The inflammasome activates inflammatory responses and contributes to the maturation of cytokines such as interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and interleukin 18. This complex is also responsive to reactive oxygen species (ROS), which plays a role in triggering the activation of the complex. On this basis it is possible hypothesize that the activation of the inflammasome could be the link between the inflammatory skin conditions associated to O3 exposure. In the present work, the ability of O3 to induce inflammasome activation was determined in different skin models, ranging from 2D (human keratinocytes) to 3D models in vitro and ex vivo. Results clearly showed that O3 exposure increased both transcript and protein levels of the main inflammasome complex, such as ASC and caspase-1. Furthermore, by using both immunofluorescence and an ASC oligomerization assay the formation of the complex was determined together with increased secreted levels of both IL-18 and IL-1β. Of note is that H2O2 and to a less extent 4HNE (both considered the main mediators of O3 interaction with cellular membranes) were also able to activate skin inflammasome while the use of catalase prevents the activation. This study demonstrated that O3 can activate cutaneous inflammasome in a redox dependent manner suggesting a possible role of this new pathway in pollution induced inflammatory skin conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ferrara
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, NC, USA; Dept. of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Erika Pambianchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, NC, USA
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, NC, USA
| | - Brittany Woodby
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, NC, USA
| | - Nicolo' Messano
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, NC, USA
| | | | - Mary Ann Lila
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, NC, USA
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, NC, USA; Dept. of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
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12
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Circadian Clock and OxInflammation: Functional Crosstalk in Cutaneous Homeostasis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2309437. [PMID: 32377292 PMCID: PMC7195654 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2309437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are biological oscillations that occur with an approximately 24 h period and optimize cellular homeostasis and responses to environmental stimuli. A growing collection of data suggests that chronic circadian disruption caused by novel lifestyle risk factors such as shift work, travel across time zones, or irregular sleep-wake cycles has long-term consequences for human health. Among the multiplicity of physiological systems hypothesized to have a role in the onset of pathologies in case of circadian disruption, there are redox-sensitive defensive pathways and inflammatory machinery. Due to its location and barrier physiological role, the skin is a prototypical tissue to study the influence of environmental insults induced OxInflammation disturbance and circadian system alteration. To better investigate the link among outdoor stressors, OxInflammation, and circadian system, we tested the differential responses of keratinocytes clock synchronized or desynchronized, in an in vitro inflammatory model exposed to O3. Being both NRF2 and NF-κB two key redox-sensitive transcription factors involved in cellular redox homeostasis and inflammation, we analyzed their activation and expression in challenged keratinocytes by O3. Our results suggest that a synchronized circadian clock not only facilitates the protective role of NRF2 in terms of a faster and more efficient defensive response against environmental insults but also moderates the cellular damage resulting from a condition of chronic inflammation. Our results bring new insights on the role of circadian clock in regulating the redox-inflammatory crosstalk influenced by O3 and possibly can be extrapolated to other pollutants able to affect the oxinflammatory cellular processes.
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Li H, Kilgallen AB, Münzel T, Wolf E, Lecour S, Schulz R, Daiber A, Van Laake LW. Influence of mental stress and environmental toxins on circadian clocks: Implications for redox regulation of the heart and cardioprotection. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:5393-5412. [PMID: 31833063 PMCID: PMC7680009 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Risk factors in the environment such as air pollution and mental stress contribute to the development of chronic non-communicable disease. Air pollution was identified as the leading health risk factor in the physical environment, followed by water pollution, soil pollution/heavy metals/chemicals and occupational exposures, however neglecting the non-chemical environmental health risk factors (e.g. mental stress and noise). Epidemiological data suggest that environmental risk factors are associated with higher risk for cardiovascular, metabolic and mental diseases, including hypertension, heart failure, myocardial infarction, diabetes, arrhythmia, stroke, depression and anxiety disorders. We provide an overview on the impact of the external exposome comprising risk factors/exposures on cardiovascular health with a focus on dysregulation of stress hormones, mitochondrial function, redox balance and inflammation with special emphasis on the circadian clock. Finally, we assess the impact of circadian clock dysregulation on cardiovascular health and the potential of environment-specific preventive strategies or "chrono" therapy for cardioprotection. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Risk factors, comorbidities, and comedications in cardioprotection. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.23/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huige Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Aoife B Kilgallen
- Division Heart and Lungs and Regenerative Medicine Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Center of Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Eva Wolf
- Structural Chronobiology, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.,Structural Chronobiology, Institute of Molecular Biology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sandrine Lecour
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute for Physiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Center of Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Linda W Van Laake
- Division Heart and Lungs and Regenerative Medicine Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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14
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de Assis LVM, Moraes MN, Castrucci AMDL. The molecular clock in the skin, its functionality, and how it is disrupted in cutaneous melanoma: a new pharmacological target? Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:3801-3826. [PMID: 31222374 PMCID: PMC11105295 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03183-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The skin is the interface between the organism and the external environment, acting as its first barrier. Thus, this organ is constantly challenged by physical stimuli such as UV and infrared radiation, visible light, and temperature as well as chemicals and pathogens. To counteract the deleterious effects of the above-mentioned stimuli, the skin has complex defense mechanisms such as: immune and neuroendocrine systems; shedding of epidermal squamous layers and apoptosis of damaged cells; DNA repair; and pigmentary system. Here we have reviewed the current knowledge regarding which stimuli affect the molecular clock of the skin, the consequences to skin-related biological processes and, based on such knowledge, we suggest some therapeutic targets. We also explored the recent advances regarding the molecular clock disruption in melanoma, its impact on the carcinogenic process, and its therapeutic value in melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Vinícius Monteiro de Assis
- Laboratory of Comparative Physiology of Pigmentation, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, R. do Matão, Trav. 14, No. 101, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Maria Nathalia Moraes
- Laboratory of Comparative Physiology of Pigmentation, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, R. do Matão, Trav. 14, No. 101, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
- School of Health Science, University Anhembi Morumbi, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria de Lauro Castrucci
- Laboratory of Comparative Physiology of Pigmentation, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, R. do Matão, Trav. 14, No. 101, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil.
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15
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Canella R, Martini M, Cavicchio C, Cervellati F, Benedusi M, Valacchi G. Involvement of the TREK-1 channel in human alveolar cell membrane potential and its regulation by inhibitors of the chloride current. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:17704-17713. [PMID: 30805940 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
K+ channels of the alveolar epithelium control the driving force acting on the ionic and solvent flow through the cell membrane contributing to the maintenance of cell volume and the constitution of epithelial lining fluid. In the present work, we analyze the effect of the Cl- channel inhibitors: (4-[(2-butyl-6,7-dichloro-2-cyclopentyl-2,3-dihydro-1-oxo-inden-5-yl)oxy] butanoic acid (DCPIB) and 9-anthracenecarboxylic acid (9-AC) on the total current in a type II pneumocytes (A549 cell line) model by patch clamp, immunocytochemical, and gene knockdown techniques. We noted that DCPIB and 9-AC promote the activation of K conductance. In fact, they significantly increase the intensity of the current and shift its reversal potential to values more negative than the control. By silencing outward rectifier channel in its anoctamin 6 portion, we excluded a direct involvement of Cl- ions in modulation of IK and, by means of functional tests with its specific inhibitor spadin, we identified the TREK-1 channel as the presumable target of both drugs. As the activity of TREK-1 has a key role for the correct functioning of the alveolar epithelium, the identification of DCPIB and 9-AC molecules as its activators suggests their possible use to build new pharmacological tools for the modulation of this channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Canella
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marta Martini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlotta Cavicchio
- Animal Science Department, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC State University, Kannapolis, North Carolina
| | - Franco Cervellati
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mascia Benedusi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Animal Science Department, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC State University, Kannapolis, North Carolina
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