1
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Lu Y, Yue CX, Zhang L, Yao D, Xia Y, Zhang Q, Zhang X, Li S, Shen Y, Cao M, Guo CR, Qin A, Zhao J, Zhou L, Yu Y, Cao Y. Structural basis for inositol pyrophosphate gating of the phosphate channel XPR1. Science 2024:eadp3252. [PMID: 39325866 DOI: 10.1126/science.adp3252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Precise regulation of intracellular phosphate (Pi) is critical for cellular function, with XPR1 serving as the sole Pi exporter in humans. The mechanism of Pi efflux, activated by inositol pyrophosphates (PP-IPs), has remained unclear. This study presents cryo-electron microscopy structures of XPR1 in multiple conformations, revealing a transmembrane pathway for Pi export and a dual-binding activation pattern by PP-IPs. A canonical binding site is located at the dimeric interface of SPX domains, and a second site, biased toward PP-IPs, is found between the transmembrane and SPX domains. By integrating structural studies with electrophysiological analyses, we characterize XPR1 as an IPs/PP-IPs-activated phosphate channel. The interplay among its TMDs, SPX domains, and IPs/PP-IPs orchestrates the conformational transition between its closed and open states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- Institute of Precision Medicine, the Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Chen-Xi Yue
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Institute of Precision Medicine, the Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
- Department of Physiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Deqiang Yao
- Institute of Aging & Tissue Regeneration, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Ying Xia
- Institute of Precision Medicine, the Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Institute of Precision Medicine, the Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xinchen Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shaobai Li
- Institute of Precision Medicine, the Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Yafeng Shen
- Institute of Precision Medicine, the Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Mi Cao
- Institute of Precision Medicine, the Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Chang-Run Guo
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - An Qin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Degeneration and Regeneration in Skeletal System, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Degeneration and Regeneration in Skeletal System, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ye Yu
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Institute of Precision Medicine, the Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
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2
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Cheng X, Zhao M, Chen L, Huang C, Xu Q, Shao J, Wang HT, Zhang Y, Li X, Xu X, Yao XP, Lin KJ, Xue H, Wang H, Chen Q, Zhu YC, Zhou JW, Ge WP, Zhu SJ, Liu JY, Chen WJ, Xiong ZQ. Astrocytes modulate brain phosphate homeostasis via polarized distribution of phosphate uptake transporter PiT2 and exporter XPR1. Neuron 2024; 112:3126-3142.e8. [PMID: 39019040 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Aberrant inorganic phosphate (Pi) homeostasis causes brain calcification and aggravates neurodegeneration, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we found that primary familial brain calcification (PFBC)-associated Pi transporter genes Pit2 and Xpr1 were highly expressed in astrocytes, with importer PiT2 distributed over the entire astrocyte processes and exporter XPR1 localized to astrocyte end-feet on blood vessels. This polarized PiT2 and XPR1 distribution endowed astrocyte with Pi transport capacity competent for brain Pi homeostasis, which was disrupted in mice with astrocyte-specific knockout (KO) of either Pit2 or Xpr1. Moreover, we found that Pi uptake by PiT2, and its facilitation by PFBC-associated galactosidase MYORG, were required for the high Pi transport capacity of astrocytes. Finally, brain calcification was suppressed by astrocyte-specific PiT2 re-expression in Pit2-KO mice. Thus, astrocyte-mediated Pi transport is pivotal for brain Pi homeostasis, and elevating astrocytic Pi transporter function represents a potential therapeutic strategy for reducing brain calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Cheng
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Lin Gang Laboratory, Shanghai 201602, China.
| | - Miao Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Lin Gang Laboratory, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Chenwei Huang
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiwu Xu
- Lin Gang Laboratory, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Jia Shao
- Lin Gang Laboratory, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Hong-Tao Wang
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yuxian Zhang
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xuequan Li
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xuan Xu
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiang-Ping Yao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Kai-Jun Lin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Hui Xue
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Han Wang
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yong-Chuan Zhu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jia-Wei Zhou
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Woo-Ping Ge
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Shu-Jia Zhu
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing-Yu Liu
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wan-Jin Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China.
| | - Zhi-Qi Xiong
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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3
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Mousseau G, Préault N, Souquere S, Bireau C, Cassonnet P, Bacquin A, Beck L, Pierron G, Jacob Y, Dupressoir A, Heidmann T. Sodium-dependent phosphate transporter PiT1/SLC20A1 as the receptor for the endogenous retroviral envelope syncytin-B involved in mouse placenta formation. J Virol 2024:e0091524. [PMID: 39287391 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00915-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Syncytins are envelope genes of retroviral origin that play a critical role in the formation of a syncytial structure at the fetomaternal interface via their fusogenic activity. The mouse placenta is unique among placental mammals since the fetomaternal interface comprises two syncytiotrophoblast layers (ST-I and ST-II) instead of one observed in all other hemochorial placentae. Each layer specifically expresses a distinct mouse syncytin, namely syncytin-A (SynA) for ST-I and syncytin-B (SynB) for ST-II, which have been shown to be essential to placentogenesis and embryonic development. The cellular receptor for SynA has been identified as the membrane protein LY6E and is not the receptor for SynB. Here, by combining a cell-cell fusion assay with the screening of a human ORFeome-derived expression library, we identified the transmembrane multipass sodium-dependent phosphate transporter 1 PiT1/SLC20A1 as the receptor for SynB. Transfection of cells with the cloned receptor, but not the closely related PiT2/SLC20A2, leads to their fusion with cells expressing SynB, with no cross-reactive fusion activity with SynA. The interaction between the two partners was further demonstrated by immunoprecipitation. PiT1/PiT2 chimera and truncation experiments identified the PiT1 N-terminus as the major determinant for SynB-mediated fusion. RT-qPCR analysis of PiT1 expression on a panel of mouse adult and fetal tissues revealed a concomitant increase of PiT1 and SynB specifically in the developing placenta. Finally, electron microscopy analysis of the placenta of PiT1 null embryo before they die (E11.5) disclosed default of ST-II formation with lack of syncytialization, as previously observed in cognate SynB null placenta, and consistent with the present identification of PiT1 as the SynB partner.IMPORTANCESyncytins are envelope genes of endogenous retroviruses, coopted for a physiological function in placentation. They are fusogenic proteins that mediate cell-cell fusion by interacting with receptors present on the partner cells. Here, by devising an in vitro fusion assay that enables the screening of an ORFeome-derived expression library, we identified the long-sought receptor for syncytin-B (SynB), a mouse syncytin responsible for syncytiotrophoblast formation at the fetomaternal interface of the mouse placenta. This protein - PiT1/SLC20A1 - is a multipass transmembrane protein, also known as the receptor for a series of infectious retroviruses. Its profile of expression is consistent with a role in both ancestral endogenization of a SynB founder retrovirus and present-day mouse placenta formation, with evidence-in PiT1 knockout mice-of unfused cells at the level of the cognate placental syncytiotrophoblast layer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noémie Préault
- Unité Physiologie et Pathologie Moléculaires des Rétrovirus Endogènes et Infectieux, CNRS UMR 9196, Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Sylvie Souquere
- AMMICA UMS-3655, Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Caroline Bireau
- Unité Physiologie et Pathologie Moléculaires des Rétrovirus Endogènes et Infectieux, CNRS UMR 9196, Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Patricia Cassonnet
- Unité de Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN, Département Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- UMR3569, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Laurent Beck
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Inserm, l'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France
| | - Gérard Pierron
- Unité Physiologie et Pathologie Moléculaires des Rétrovirus Endogènes et Infectieux, CNRS UMR 9196, Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Yves Jacob
- Unité de Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN, Département Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- UMR3569, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI), Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anne Dupressoir
- Unité Physiologie et Pathologie Moléculaires des Rétrovirus Endogènes et Infectieux, CNRS UMR 9196, Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Thierry Heidmann
- Viroxis, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Unité Physiologie et Pathologie Moléculaires des Rétrovirus Endogènes et Infectieux, CNRS UMR 9196, Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
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4
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Naciri Bennani H, Chtioui I, Allirot C, Somrani R, Jouve T, Rostaing L, Bourdat-Michel G. Effects of SLC34A3 or SLC34A1 variants on calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. Pediatr Nephrol 2024:10.1007/s00467-024-06505-3. [PMID: 39256228 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-024-06505-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variants in SLC34A1 and SLC34A2 genes, which encode co-transporters NaPi2a and NaPi2c, respectively, can lead to hypophosphatemia due to renal phosphate loss. This condition results in hypercalcitriolemia and hypercalciuria, leading to formation of kidney stones and nephrocalcinosis. Phenotype is highly variable. Management includes hyperhydration, dietary modifications, and/or phosphate supplementation. Thiazides and azoles may be used, but randomized studies are needed to confirm their clinical efficacy. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study in the pediatric nephrology unit at Grenoble University Hospital from January 2010 to December 2023. The study aimed to describe clinical and biological symptoms of patients with confirmed SLC34A1 and SLC34A3 gene variants and their outcomes. RESULTS A total of 11 patients (9 females) from 6 different families had variants in the SLC34A1 (5 patients) and SLC34A3 (6 patients) genes. Median age at diagnosis was 72 [1-108] months. Average follow-up duration was 8.1 ± 4.5 years. Presenting symptom was nephrocalcinosis (4 cases), followed by renal colic (3 cases). At diagnosis, 90% of patients had hypercalciuria and 45% had hypercalcitriolemia. Management included hyperhydration and dietary advice. All patients showed favorable outcomes with normal growth and school attendance. One patient with an SLC34A3 variant showed regression of nephrocalcinosis. Kidney function remained normal. CONCLUSION Clinical and biological manifestations of SLC34 gene variants are highly variable, even among siblings; therefore, management must be personalized. Hygienic and dietary measures (such as hyperhydration, a low sodium diet, and age-appropriate calcium intake) result in favorable outcomes in most cases. Use of azoles (e.g., fluconazole) appears to be a promising therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Naciri Bennani
- Nephrology, Hemodialysis, Apheresis and Kidney Transplantation Department, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Imane Chtioui
- Pediatric Department, Metropole Savoie Hospital Center, Chambéry, France
| | - Camille Allirot
- Pediatric Nephrology Department, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Rim Somrani
- Pediatric Nephrology Department, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Thomas Jouve
- Nephrology, Hemodialysis, Apheresis and Kidney Transplantation Department, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
- Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France
| | - Lionel Rostaing
- Nephrology, Hemodialysis, Apheresis and Kidney Transplantation Department, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France.
- Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France.
- Service de Néphrologie-Hémodialyse-Aphérèses Et Transplantation Rénale, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Avenue Maquis du Grésivaudan, La Tronche, 38700, France.
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5
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Lin Q, Li J, Abudousalamu Z, Sun Y, Xue M, Yao L, Chen M. Advancing Ovarian Cancer Therapeutics: The Role of Targeted Drug Delivery Systems. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:9351-9370. [PMID: 39282574 PMCID: PMC11401532 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s478313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal reproductive system cancer and a leading cause of cancer-related death. The high mortality rate and poor prognosis of OC are primarily due to its tendency for extensive abdominal metastasis, late diagnosis in advanced stages, an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, significant adverse reactions to first-line chemotherapy, and the development of chemoresistance. Current adjuvant chemotherapies face challenges such as poor targeting, low efficacy, and significant side effects. Targeted drug delivery systems (TDDSs) are designed to deliver drugs precisely to the tumor site to enhance efficacy and minimize side effects. This review highlights recent advancements in the use of TDDSs for OC therapies, including drug conjugate delivery systems, nanoparticle drug delivery systems, and hydrogel drug delivery systems. The focus is on employing TDDS to conduct direct, effective, and safer interventions in OC through methods such as targeted tumor recognition and controlled drug release, either independently or in combination. This review also discusses the prospects and challenges for further development of TDDSs. Undoubtedly, the use of TDDSs shows promise in the battle against OCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhan Lin
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zulimire Abudousalamu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yating Sun
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyang Xue
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangqing Yao
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mo Chen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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6
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Yan R, Chen H, Liu C, Zhao J, Wu D, Jiang J, Gong J, Jiang D. Human XPR1 structures reveal phosphate export mechanism. Nature 2024; 633:960-967. [PMID: 39169184 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07852-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is a fundamental macronutrient for all living organisms, the homeostasis of which is critical for numerous biological activities1-3. As the only known human Pi exporter to date, XPR1 has an indispensable role in cellular Pi homeostasis4,5. Dysfunction of XPR1 is associated with neurodegenerative disease6-8. However, the mechanisms underpinning XPR1-mediated Pi efflux and regulation by the intracellular inositol polyphosphate (InsPP) sensor SPX domain remain poorly understood. Here we present cryo-electron microscopy structures of human XPR1 in Pi-bound closed, open and InsP6-bound forms, revealing the structural basis for XPR1 gating and regulation by InsPPs. XPR1 consists of an N-terminal SPX domain, a dimer-formation core domain and a Pi transport domain. Within the transport domain, three basic clusters are responsible for Pi binding and transport, and a conserved W573 acts as a molecular switch for gating. In addition, the SPX domain binds to InsP6 and facilitates Pi efflux by liberating the C-terminal loop that limits Pi entry. This study provides a conceptual framework for the mechanistic understanding of Pi homeostasis by XPR1 homologues in fungi, plants and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yan
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOE, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiwen Chen
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Xiangfang District, Harbin, China
| | - Chuanyu Liu
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences at Weifang, Weifang, China
| | - Di Wu
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juquan Jiang
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Xiangfang District, Harbin, China
| | - Jianke Gong
- College of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOE, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Daohua Jiang
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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7
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Ratsma DMA, Muller M, Koedam M, Zillikens MC, van der Eerden BCJ. A role for sirtuin 1 in FGF23 activation following β-glycerophosphate treatment. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:1279-1288. [PMID: 38772920 PMCID: PMC11271368 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-024-02974-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Phosphate homeostasis is vital for many biological processes and disruptions in circulating levels can be detrimental. While the mechanisms behind FGF23 regulation have been regularly studied, the role of extracellular phosphate sensing and its impact on fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) expression remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS), silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), and Hairy and Enhancer of Split-1 (HES1) in regulating FGF23 in FGF23 expressing MC3T3-E1 cells. MC3T3-E1 cells treated with β-glycerophosphate (BGP) resulted in increased Fgf23 expression. Inhibition of ROS formation by inhibition of NADPH oxidase, which is essential for ROS production, did not affect this response to BGP, suggesting ROS is not involved in this process. Moreover, treatment with tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP), a ROS-inducing agent, did not increase Fgf23 expression. This suggests that ROS machinery is not involved in FGF23 stimulation as previously suggested. Nonetheless, inhibition of SIRT1 using Ex527 eliminated the Fgf23 response to BGP, indicating its involvement in FGF23 regulation after BGP treatment. Indeed, activation of SIRT1 using SRT1720 increased Fgf23 expression. Moreover, transcription factor Hes1 was upregulated by BGP treatment, which was diminished when cells were treated with Ex527 implying it is also regulated through SIRT1. These findings suggest the existence of an upstream SIRT1-HES1 axis in the regulation of FGF23 by phosphate, though we were unable to find a role for ROS in this process. Further research should provide insights into phosphate homeostasis and potential therapeutic targets for phosphate-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle M A Ratsma
- Laboratory for Calcium and Bone Metabolism and Erasmus MC Bone Centre, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, Room Ee585b, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Max Muller
- Laboratory for Calcium and Bone Metabolism and Erasmus MC Bone Centre, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, Room Ee585b, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marijke Koedam
- Laboratory for Calcium and Bone Metabolism and Erasmus MC Bone Centre, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, Room Ee585b, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Carola Zillikens
- Laboratory for Calcium and Bone Metabolism and Erasmus MC Bone Centre, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, Room Ee585b, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bram C J van der Eerden
- Laboratory for Calcium and Bone Metabolism and Erasmus MC Bone Centre, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, Room Ee585b, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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8
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Li M, Yang N, Li X, Duan N, Qin S, Wang M, Zhou Y, Jin Y, Wu W, Jin S, Cheng Z. Host Cells Upregulate Phosphate Transporter PIT1 to Inhibit Ehrlichia chaffeensis Intracellular Growth. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7895. [PMID: 39063137 PMCID: PMC11276888 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ehrlichia chaffeensis infects and proliferates inside monocytes or macrophages and causes human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME), an emerging life-threatening tick-borne zoonosis. After internalization, E. chaffeensis resides in specialized membrane-bound inclusions, E. chaffeensis-containing vesicles (ECVs), to evade from host cell innate immune responses and obtain nutrients. However, mechanisms exploited by host cells to inhibit E. chaffeensis growth in ECVs are still largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that host cells recognize E. chaffeensis Ech_1067, a penicillin-binding protein, and then upregulate the expression of PIT1, which is a phosphate transporter and transports phosphate from ECVs to the cytosol to inhibit bacterial growth. We found that host cells upregulate the PIT1 expression upon E. chaffeensis infection using transcriptome sequencing, qRT-PCR and Western blotting, and PIT1 is localized on the ECV membrane in infected THP-1 cells using confocal microscopy. Silence of PIT1 using shRNA enhances E. chaffeensis intracellular growth. Finally, we found that E. chaffeensis Ech_1067 induces the upregulation of PIT1 expression through the MyD88-NF-κB pathway using recombinant protein for stimulation and siRNA for silence. Our findings deepen the understanding of the innate immune responses of host cells to inhibit bacterial intracellular growth and facilitate the development of new therapeutics for HME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meifang Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (M.L.); (N.Y.); (X.L.); (N.D.); (S.Q.); (M.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.J.); (W.W.); (S.J.)
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Nan Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (M.L.); (N.Y.); (X.L.); (N.D.); (S.Q.); (M.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.J.); (W.W.); (S.J.)
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (M.L.); (N.Y.); (X.L.); (N.D.); (S.Q.); (M.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.J.); (W.W.); (S.J.)
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Nan Duan
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (M.L.); (N.Y.); (X.L.); (N.D.); (S.Q.); (M.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.J.); (W.W.); (S.J.)
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shanhua Qin
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (M.L.); (N.Y.); (X.L.); (N.D.); (S.Q.); (M.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.J.); (W.W.); (S.J.)
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Mengyao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (M.L.); (N.Y.); (X.L.); (N.D.); (S.Q.); (M.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.J.); (W.W.); (S.J.)
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yuhong Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (M.L.); (N.Y.); (X.L.); (N.D.); (S.Q.); (M.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.J.); (W.W.); (S.J.)
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yongxin Jin
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (M.L.); (N.Y.); (X.L.); (N.D.); (S.Q.); (M.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.J.); (W.W.); (S.J.)
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Weihui Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (M.L.); (N.Y.); (X.L.); (N.D.); (S.Q.); (M.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.J.); (W.W.); (S.J.)
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shouguang Jin
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (M.L.); (N.Y.); (X.L.); (N.D.); (S.Q.); (M.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.J.); (W.W.); (S.J.)
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhihui Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (M.L.); (N.Y.); (X.L.); (N.D.); (S.Q.); (M.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.J.); (W.W.); (S.J.)
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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9
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Mizukami Y, Kawao N, Ohira T, Hashimoto D, Okada K, Matsuo O, Kaji H. Roles of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 in Heterotopic Ossification Induced by Achilles Tenotomy in Thermal Injured Mice. Calcif Tissue Int 2024; 114:535-549. [PMID: 38467838 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-024-01193-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is the process by which ectopic bone forms at an extraskeletal site. Inflammatory conditions induce plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), an inhibitor of fibrinolysis, which regulates osteogenesis. In the present study, we investigated the roles of PAI-1 in the pathophysiology of HO induced by trauma/burn treatment using PAI-1-deficient mice. PAI-1 deficiency significantly promoted HO and increased the number of alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-positive cells in Achilles tendons after trauma/burn treatment. The mRNA levels of inflammation markers were elevated in Achilles tendons of both wild-type and PAI-1-deficient mice after trauma/burn treatment and PAI-1 mRNA levels were elevated in Achilles tendons of wild-type mice. PAI-1 deficiency significantly up-regulated the expression of Runx2, Osterix, and type 1 collagen in Achilles tendons 9 weeks after trauma/burn treatment in mice. In in vitro experiments, PAI-1 deficiency significantly increased ALP activity and mineralization in mouse osteoblasts. Moreover, PAI-1 deficiency significantly increased ALP activity and up-regulated osteocalcin expression during osteoblastic differentiation from mouse adipose-tissue-derived stem cells, but suppressed the chondrogenic differentiation of these cells. In conclusion, the present study showed that PAI-1 deficiency promoted HO in Achilles tendons after trauma/burn treatment partly by enhancing osteoblast differentiation and ALP activity in mice. Endogenous PAI-1 may play protective roles against HO after injury and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Mizukami
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Kawao
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohira
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Daiki Hashimoto
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Okada
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Osamu Matsuo
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kaji
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama, 589-8511, Japan.
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10
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Walker V. The Intricacies of Renal Phosphate Reabsorption-An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4684. [PMID: 38731904 PMCID: PMC11083860 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
To maintain an optimal body content of phosphorus throughout postnatal life, variable phosphate absorption from food must be finely matched with urinary excretion. This amazing feat is accomplished through synchronised phosphate transport by myriads of ciliated cells lining the renal proximal tubules. These respond in real time to changes in phosphate and composition of the renal filtrate and to hormonal instructions. How they do this has stimulated decades of research. New analytical techniques, coupled with incredible advances in computer technology, have opened new avenues for investigation at a sub-cellular level. There has been a surge of research into different aspects of the process. These have verified long-held beliefs and are also dramatically extending our vision of the intense, integrated, intracellular activity which mediates phosphate absorption. Already, some have indicated new approaches for pharmacological intervention to regulate phosphate in common conditions, including chronic renal failure and osteoporosis, as well as rare inherited biochemical disorders. It is a rapidly evolving field. The aim here is to provide an overview of our current knowledge, to show where it is leading, and where there are uncertainties. Hopefully, this will raise questions and stimulate new ideas for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Walker
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton S016 6YD, UK
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11
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Qian X, Jin M, Bei Y, Zhou C, Fang S, Liu K. SLC20A1 is a prospective prognostic and therapy response predictive biomarker in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:4423-4444. [PMID: 38412319 PMCID: PMC10968711 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SLC20A1, a prominent biomarker in several cancers, has been understudied in its predictive role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to analyze HNSCC prognosis, SLC20A1 overexpression, and clinical characteristics. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analysis confirmed SLC20A1 expression in HNSCC tissues. Cellular behaviors such as invasion, migration and proliferation were assessed using Transwell, wound healing and colony formation assays. Immune system data were obtained from the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) and CIBERSORT databases. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were used to explore biological parameters and pathways associated with SLC20A1 overexpression in HNSCC. RESULTS In 499 HNSCC samples, SLC20A1 mRNA and protein expression were significantly higher than in 44 normal counterparts, confirmed by 24 paired samples. Patients were categorized based on SLC20A1 levels, survival status and overall survival. High SLC20A1 expression correlated with advanced T stage, increased risk scores and decreased survival. Stage, age and SLC20A1 expression emerged as independent predictive factors for HNSCC in univariate and multivariate analyses. SLC20A1 overexpression, which is associated with poor prognosis, may influence cell proliferation, migration, invasion, chemotherapy response, and the immune milieu. CONCLUSIONS SLC20A1 overexpression in HNSCC, characterized by increased cellular invasion, migration and proliferation, is a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic response indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiajing Qian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ming Jin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanping Bei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chongchang Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuai Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kaitai Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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12
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Villa-Bellosta R. Vascular Calcification: A Passive Process That Requires Active Inhibition. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:111. [PMID: 38392329 PMCID: PMC10886409 DOI: 10.3390/biology13020111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The primary cause of worldwide mortality and morbidity stems from complications in the cardiovascular system resulting from accelerated atherosclerosis and arterial stiffening. Frequently, both pathologies are associated with the pathological calcification of cardiovascular structures, present in areas such as cardiac valves or blood vessels (vascular calcification). The accumulation of hydroxyapatite, the predominant form of calcium phosphate crystals, is a distinctive feature of vascular calcification. This phenomenon is commonly observed as a result of aging and is also linked to various diseases such as diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and several genetic disorders. A substantial body of evidence indicates that vascular calcification involves two primary processes: a passive process and an active process. The physicochemical process of hydroxyapatite formation and deposition (a passive process) is influenced significantly by hyperphosphatemia. However, the active synthesis of calcification inhibitors, including proteins and low-molecular-weight inhibitors such as pyrophosphate, is crucial. Excessive calcification occurs when there is a loss of function in enzymes and transporters responsible for extracellular pyrophosphate metabolism. Current in vivo treatments to prevent calcification involve addressing hyperphosphatemia with phosphate binders and implementing strategies to enhance the availability of pyrophosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Villa-Bellosta
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Campus Vida, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- The Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Travesia da Choupana S/N, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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13
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Wang X, Wang Z, He J. Similarities and Differences of Vascular Calcification in Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:165-192. [PMID: 38222032 PMCID: PMC10788067 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s438618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Presently, the mechanism of occurrence and development of vascular calcification (VC) is not fully understood; a range of evidence suggests a positive association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and VC. Furthermore, the increasing burden of central vascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) may be due, at least in part, to VC. In this review, we will review recent advances in the mechanisms of VC in the context of CKD and diabetes. The study further unveiled that VC is induced through the stimulation of pro-inflammatory factors, which in turn impairs endothelial function and triggers similar mechanisms in both disease contexts. Notably, hyperglycemia was identified as the distinctive mechanism driving calcification in DM. Conversely, in CKD, calcification is facilitated by mechanisms including mineral metabolism imbalance and the presence of uremic toxins. Additionally, we underscore the significance of investigating vascular alterations and newly identified molecular pathways as potential avenues for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiabo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongqun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianqiang He
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Ramos-Brossier M, Romeo-Guitart D, Lanté F, Boitez V, Mailliet F, Saha S, Rivagorda M, Siopi E, Nemazanyy I, Leroy C, Moriceau S, Beck-Cormier S, Codogno P, Buisson A, Beck L, Friedlander G, Oury F. Slc20a1 and Slc20a2 regulate neuronal plasticity and cognition independently of their phosphate transport ability. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:20. [PMID: 38195526 PMCID: PMC10776841 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06292-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, primary familial brain calcification (PFBC), a rare neurological disease characterized by a wide spectrum of cognitive disorders, has been associated to mutations in the sodium (Na)-Phosphate (Pi) co-transporter SLC20A2. However, the functional roles of the Na-Pi co-transporters in the brain remain still largely elusive. Here we show that Slc20a1 (PiT-1) and Slc20a2 (PiT-2) are the most abundant Na-Pi co-transporters expressed in the brain and are involved in the control of hippocampal-dependent learning and memory. We reveal that Slc20a1 and Slc20a2 are differentially distributed in the hippocampus and associated with independent gene clusters, suggesting that they influence cognition by different mechanisms. Accordingly, using a combination of molecular, electrophysiological and behavioral analyses, we show that while PiT-2 favors hippocampal neuronal branching and survival, PiT-1 promotes synaptic plasticity. The latter relies on a likely Otoferlin-dependent regulation of synaptic vesicle trafficking, which impacts the GABAergic system. These results provide the first demonstration that Na-Pi co-transporters play key albeit distinct roles in the hippocampus pertaining to the control of neuronal plasticity and cognition. These findings could provide the foundation for the development of novel effective therapies for PFBC and cognitive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Ramos-Brossier
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Team 8, F-75015, Paris, France.
| | - David Romeo-Guitart
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Team 8, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Fabien Lanté
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Valérie Boitez
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Team 8, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - François Mailliet
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Team 8, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Soham Saha
- Institut Pasteur, Perception & Memory Unit, F-75015, Paris, France
- MedInsights, 6 rue de l'église, F-02810, Veuilly la Poterie, France
| | - Manon Rivagorda
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Team 8, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Eleni Siopi
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Team 8, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Ivan Nemazanyy
- Platform for Metabolic Analyses, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker, INSERM US24/CNRS UAR, 3633, Paris, France
| | - Christine Leroy
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Team 6, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Moriceau
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Team 8, F-75015, Paris, France
- Platform for Neurobehavioural and metabolism, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker, INSERM, US24/CNRS UAR, 3633, Paris, France
- Institute of Genetic Diseases, Imagine, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Beck-Cormier
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Inserm, l'Institut du Thorax, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Patrice Codogno
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Team 6, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Alain Buisson
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Laurent Beck
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Inserm, l'Institut du Thorax, F-44000, Nantes, France.
| | - Gérard Friedlander
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Team 6, F-75015, Paris, France.
| | - Franck Oury
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Team 8, F-75015, Paris, France.
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15
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Abstract
Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is an essential component of many biologically important molecules such as DNA, RNA, ATP, phospholipids, or apatite. It is required for intracellular phosphorylation signaling events and acts as pH buffer in intra- and extracellular compartments. Intestinal absorption, uptake into cells, and renal reabsorption depend on a set of different phosphate transporters from the SLC20 (PiT transporters) and SLC34 (NaPi transporters) gene families. The physiological relevance of these transporters is evident from rare monogenic disorders in humans affecting SLC20A2 (Fahr's disease, basal ganglia calcification), SLC34A1 (idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia), SLC34A2 (pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis), and SLC34A3 (hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets with hypercalciuria). SLC34 transporters are inhibited by millimolar concentrations of phosphonoformic acid or arsenate while SLC20 are relatively resistant to these compounds. More recently, a series of more specific and potent drugs have been developed to target SLC34A2 to reduce intestinal Pi absorption and to inhibit SLC34A1 and/or SLC34A3 to increase renal Pi excretion in patients with renal disease and incipient hyperphosphatemia. Also, SLC20 inhibitors have been developed with the same intention. Some of these substances are currently undergoing preclinical and clinical testing. Tenapanor, a non-absorbable Na+/H+-exchanger isoform 3 inhibitor, reduces intestinal Pi absorption likely by indirectly acting on the paracellular pathway for Pi and has been tested in several phase III trials for reducing Pi overload in patients with renal insufficiency and dialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten A Wagner
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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16
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Guo J, Wang L, Song K, Lu K, Li X, Zhang C. Physiological Response of Spotted Seabass ( Lateolabrax maculatus) to Different Dietary Available Phosphorus Levels and Water Temperature: Changes in Growth, Lipid Metabolism, Antioxidant Status and Intestinal Microbiota. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2128. [PMID: 38136247 PMCID: PMC10740591 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A 10-week growth experiment was conducted to assess the physiological response of spotted seabass (Lateolabrax maculatus) raised at moderate (27 °C) and high temperatures (33 °C) to different dietary available phosphorus (P) levels. Five diets with available P levels of 0.35, 0.55, 0.71, 0.82 and 0.92% were formulated, respectively. A water temperature of 33 °C significantly decreased growth performance and feed utilization, and increased oxidative stress and lipid deposition of spotted seabass compared with 27 °C. A second-order polynomial regression analysis based on weight gain (WG) showed that the available P requirement of spotted seabass raised at 27 °C and 33 °C was 0.72% and 0.78%, respectively. The addition of 0.71-0.82% P to the diet improved the growth performance, feed utilization, and antioxidant capacity of spotted seabass and alleviated the excessive lipid deposition compared with the low-P diet (0.35% P). Moreover, the addition of 0.71-0.92% P to diets increased the diversity of intestinal microbiota and the relative abundance of Lactococcus lactis and decreased the relative abundance of Plesiomonas compared with the low-P diet. Thus, dietary supplementation with 0.71-0.82% P improved the growth performance, antioxidant capacity and microbial composition of spotted seabass, and alleviated the disturbance of lipid metabolism caused by high temperature or low-P diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (J.G.); (K.L.)
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (J.G.); (K.L.)
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Kai Song
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (J.G.); (K.L.)
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Kangle Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (J.G.); (K.L.)
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xueshan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (J.G.); (K.L.)
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Chunxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (J.G.); (K.L.)
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
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17
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Giusti F, Marini F, Al-alwani H, Marasco E, Garagnani P, Khan AA, Brandi ML. A Novel Heterozygous Mutation c.1627G>T (p.Gly543Cys) in the SLC34A1 Gene in a Male Patient with Recurrent Nephrolithiasis and Early Onset Osteopenia: A Case Report. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17289. [PMID: 38139117 PMCID: PMC10744170 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum phosphate concentration is regulated by renal phosphate reabsorption and mediated by sodium-phosphate cotransporters. Germline mutations in genes encoding these cotransporters have been associated with clinical phenotypes, variably characterized by hyperphosphaturia, hypophosphatemia, recurrent kidney stones, skeletal demineralization, and early onset osteoporosis. We reported a 33-year-old male patient presenting a history of recurrent nephrolithiasis and early onset osteopenia in the lumbar spine and femur. He was tested, through next generation sequencing (NGS), by using a customized multigenic panel containing 33 genes, whose mutations are known to be responsible for the development of congenital parathyroid diseases. Two further genes, SLC34A1 and SLC34A3, encoding two sodium-phosphate cotransporters, were additionally tested. A novel germline heterozygous mutation was identified in the SLC34A1 gene, c.1627G>T (p.Gly543Cys), currently not reported in databases of human gene mutations and scientific literature. SLC34A1 germline heterozygous mutations have been associated with the autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic nephrolithiasis/osteoporosis type 1 (NPHLOP1). Consistently, alongside the clinical features of NPHLOP1, our patient experienced recurrent nephrolithiasis and lumbar and femoral osteopenia at a young age. Genetic screening for the p.Gly453Cys variant and the clinical characterization of his first-degree relatives associated the presence of the variant in one younger brother, presenting renal colic and microlithiasis, suggesting p.Gly453Cys is possibly associated with renal altered function in the NPHLOP1 phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Giusti
- Donatello Bone Clinic, Villa Donatello Hospital, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Marini
- Fondazione FIRMO Onlus, Italian Foundation for the Research on Bone Diseases, 50129 Florence, Italy
| | - Hatim Al-alwani
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Metabolism and Geriatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada (A.A.K.)
| | | | - Paolo Garagnani
- Personal Genomics SRL, 37136 Verona, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Aliya A. Khan
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Metabolism and Geriatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada (A.A.K.)
| | - Maria Luisa Brandi
- Donatello Bone Clinic, Villa Donatello Hospital, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Fondazione FIRMO Onlus, Italian Foundation for the Research on Bone Diseases, 50129 Florence, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milano, Italy
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18
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Cataldo A, Norvaisa K, Halgreen L, Bodman SE, Bartik K, Butler SJ, Valkenier H. Transmembrane Transport of Inorganic Phosphate by a Strapped Calix[4]pyrrole. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37471295 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic anion receptors are increasingly being explored for the transport of anions across lipid membranes because of their potential therapeutic applications. A considerable amount of research focuses on the transport of chloride, whereas the transmembrane transport of inorganic phosphate has not been reported to date, despite the biological relevance of this anion. Here we present a calix[4]pyrrole with a bisurea strap that functions as a receptor and transporter for H2PO4-, relying on the formation of eight hydrogen bonds and efficient encapsulation of the anion. Using a phosphate-sensitive lanthanide probe and 31P NMR spectroscopy, we demonstrate that this receptor can transport phosphate into vesicles by H2PO4-/Cl- antiport, H2PO4- uniport, and Cs+/H2PO4- symport mechanisms. This first example of inorganic phosphate transport by a neutral receptor opens perspectives for the future development of transporters for various biological phosphates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Cataldo
- Engineering of Molecular NanoSystems, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP165/64, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karolis Norvaisa
- Engineering of Molecular NanoSystems, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP165/64, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lau Halgreen
- Engineering of Molecular NanoSystems, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP165/64, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Samantha E Bodman
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, U.K
| | - Kristin Bartik
- Engineering of Molecular NanoSystems, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP165/64, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stephen J Butler
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, U.K
| | - Hennie Valkenier
- Engineering of Molecular NanoSystems, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP165/64, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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19
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Sauvé B, Chorfi Y, Montminy MPL, Guay F. Vitamin D Supplementation Impacts Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism in Piglets Fed a Diet Contaminated with Deoxynivalenol and Challenged with Lipopolysaccharides. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:394. [PMID: 37368695 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15060394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Using alternative feed ingredients in pig diets can lead to deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination. DON has been shown to induce anorexia, inflammation, and-more recently-alterations in the vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus metabolisms. Adding vitamin D supplementation in the form of vitamin D3 and 25-OH-D3 to the feed could modify the effects of DON in piglets. In this study, vitamin D3 or 25-OH-D3 supplementation was used in a control or DON-contaminated treatment. A repetitive exposure over 21 days to DON in the piglets led to disruptions in the vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus metabolisms, resulting in a decreased growth performance, increased bone mineralization, and the downregulation of genes related to calcium and to phosphorus intestinal and renal absorption. The DON challenge also decreased blood concentrations of 25-OH-D3, 1,25-(OH)2-D3, and phosphate. The DON contamination likely decreased the piglets' vitamin D status indirectly by modifying the calcium metabolism response. Vitamin D supplementations did not restore vitamin D status or bone mineralization. After a lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory stimulation, feeding a 25-OH-D3 supplementation increased 25-OH-D3 concentration and 1,25-(OH)2-D3 regulations during the DON challenge. DON contamination likely induced a Ca afflux by altering the intestinal barrier, which resulted in hypercalcemia and hypovitaminosis D. The vitamin D supplementation could increase the calcitriol production to face the combined LPS and DON challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Sauvé
- Department of Animal Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Younes Chorfi
- Department of Veterinary Biomedicine, Montreal University, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
| | | | - Frédéric Guay
- Department of Animal Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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20
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Jönsson ÅLM, Hilberg O, Simonsen U, Christensen JH, Bendstrup E. New insights in the genetic variant spectrum of SLC34A2 in pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis; a systematic review. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2023; 18:130. [PMID: 37259144 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-023-02712-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) is a rare autosomal recessive lung disease caused by variants in the SLC34A2 gene encoding the sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2B, NaPi-2b. PAM is characterized by deposition of calcium phosphate crystals in the alveoli. Onset and clinical course vary considerably; some patients remain asymptomatic while others develop severe respiratory failure with a significant symptom burden and compromised survival. It is likely that PAM is under-reported due to lack of recognition, misdiagnosis, and mild clinical presentation. Most patients are genetically uncharacterized as the diagnostic confirmation of PAM has traditionally not included a genetic analysis. Genetic testing may in the future be the preferred tool for diagnostics instead of invasive methods. This systematic review aims to provide an overview of the growing knowledge of PAM genetics. Rare variants in SLC34A2 are found in almost all genetically tested patients. So far, 34 allelic variants have been identified in at least 68 patients. A majority of these are present in the homozygous state; however, a few are found in the compound heterozygous form. Most of the allelic variants involve only a single nucleotide. Half of the variants are either nonsense or frameshifts, resulting in premature termination of the protein or decay of the mRNA. There is currently no cure for PAM, and the only effective treatment is lung transplantation. Management is mainly symptomatic, but an improved understanding of the underlying pathophysiology will hopefully result in development of targeted treatment options. More standardized data on PAM patients, including a genetic diagnosis covering larger international populations, would support the design and implementation of clinical studies to the benefit of patients. Further genetic characterization and understanding of how the molecular changes influence disease phenotype will hopefully allow earlier diagnosis and treatment of the disease in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åsa Lina M Jönsson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Ole Hilberg
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
- Department of Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark.
| | - Ulf Simonsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Elisabeth Bendstrup
- Centre for Rare Lung Diseases, Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Münz S, Feger M, Föller M. Oncostatin M is a regulator of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) in UMR106 osteoblast-like cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8420. [PMID: 37225713 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34858-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal phosphate and vitamin D metabolism is under the control of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), an endocrine and paracrine factor predominantly produced in bone. FGF23 formation is stimulated by active vitamin D, or parathyroid hormone (PTH), which are further regulators of phosphate homeostasis. In renal, inflammatory, and other diseases, plasma FGF23 reflects disease stage and correlates with outcome. Oncostatin M is part of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) family and regulates remodeling and PTH effects in bone as well as cardiac FGF23 production in heart failure via glycoprotein gp130. Here, we studied whether oncostatin M is a regulator of FGF23 in bone cells. Experiments were performed in UMR106 osteoblast-like cells, Fgf23 mRNA was determined by qRT-PCR, FGF23 protein by Western Blotting and ELISA, and oncostatin M receptor and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) receptor gene knockout accomplished by siRNA. As a result, oncostatin M dose-dependently up-regulated Fgf23 expression and protein secretion. The oncostatin M effect on FGF23 was mediated by oncostatin M receptor and gp130 and involved, at least in part, STAT3 and MEK1/2. Taken together, oncostatin M is a regulator of FGF23 through oncostatin M receptor, gp130, as well as STAT3 and MEK1/2 in UMR106 osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Münz
- Department of Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Martina Feger
- Department of Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michael Föller
- Department of Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
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22
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Wang Z, Deng Q, Gu Y, Li M, Chen Y, Wang J, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Hu Q, Zhang S, Chen W, Chen Z, Li J, Wang X, Liang H. Integrated single-nucleus sequencing and spatial architecture analysis identified distinct injured-proximal tubular types in calculi rats. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:92. [PMID: 37208718 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01041-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urolithiasis with high prevalence and recurrence rate, has impacts on kidney injury in patients, becomes a socioeconomic and healthcare problem in worldwide. However, the biology of kidney with crystal formation and proximal tubular injury remains essentially unclear. The present study aims to evaluate the cell biology and immune-communications in urolithiasis mediated kidney injury, to provide new insights in the kidney stone treatment and prevention. RESULTS We identified 3 distinct injured-proximal tubular cell types based on the differentially expression injury markers (Havcr1 and lcn2) and functional solute carriers (slc34a3, slc22a8, slc38a3 and slc7a13), and characterized 4 main immune cell types in kidney and one undefined cell population, where F13a1+/high/CD163+/high monocyte & macrophage and Sirpa/Fcgr1a/Fcgr2a+/high granulocyte were the most enriched. We performed intercellular crosstalk analysis based on the snRNA-seq data and explored the potential immunomodulation of calculi stone formation, and founded that the interaction between ligand Gas6 and its receptors (Gas6-Axl, Gas6-Mertk) was specifically observed in the injured-PT1 cells, but not injured-PT2 and -PT3 cells. The interaction of Ptn-Plxnb2 was only observed between the injured-PT3 cells and its receptor enriched cells. CONCLUSIONS Present study comprehensively characterized the gene expression profile in the calculi rat kidney at single nucleus level, identified novel marker genes for all cell types of rat kidney, and determined 3 distinct sub-population of injured-PT clusters, as well as intercellular communication between injured-PTs and immune cells. Our collection of data provides a reliable resource and reference for studies on renal cell biology and kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Wang
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Deng
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, P.R. China
| | - Yanli Gu
- Central Laboratory, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, P.R. China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, P.R. China
| | - Yeda Chen
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, P.R. China
| | - Jieyan Wang
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, P.R. China
| | - Jianwen Zhang
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, P.R. China
| | - Qiyi Hu
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, P.R. China
| | - Shenping Zhang
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 518109, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhua Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 518109, P.R. China
| | - Jiaying Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 518109, P.R. China
| | - Xisheng Wang
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, P.R. China.
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua, Southern Medical University, 38 Jinglong Jianshe Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, P.R. China.
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, P.R. China.
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua, Southern Medical University, 38 Jinglong Jianshe Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, P.R. China.
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23
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Jennings ML. Role of transporters in regulating mammalian intracellular inorganic phosphate. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1163442. [PMID: 37063296 PMCID: PMC10097972 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1163442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the current understanding of the role of plasma membrane transporters in regulating intracellular inorganic phosphate ([Pi]In) in mammals. Pi influx is mediated by SLC34 and SLC20 Na+-Pi cotransporters. In non-epithelial cells other than erythrocytes, Pi influx via SLC20 transporters PiT1 and/or PiT2 is balanced by efflux through XPR1 (xenotropic and polytropic retrovirus receptor 1). Two new pathways for mammalian Pi transport regulation have been described recently: 1) in the presence of adequate Pi, cells continuously internalize and degrade PiT1. Pi starvation causes recycling of PiT1 from early endosomes to the plasma membrane and thereby increases the capacity for Pi influx; and 2) binding of inositol pyrophosphate InsP8 to the SPX domain of XPR1 increases Pi efflux. InsP8 is degraded by a phosphatase that is strongly inhibited by Pi. Therefore, an increase in [Pi]In decreases InsP8 degradation, increases InsP8 binding to SPX, and increases Pi efflux, completing a feedback loop for [Pi]In homeostasis. Published data on [Pi]In by magnetic resonance spectroscopy indicate that the steady state [Pi]In of skeletal muscle, heart, and brain is normally in the range of 1–5 mM, but it is not yet known whether PiT1 recycling or XPR1 activation by InsP8 contributes to Pi homeostasis in these organs. Data on [Pi]In in cultured cells are variable and suggest that some cells can regulate [Pi] better than others, following a change in [Pi]Ex. More measurements of [Pi]In, influx, and efflux are needed to determine how closely, and how rapidly, mammalian [Pi]In is regulated during either hyper- or hypophosphatemia.
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24
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Expression of phosphate and calcium transporters and their regulators in parotid glands of mice. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:203-216. [PMID: 36274099 PMCID: PMC9849193 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02764-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The concentration of inorganic phosphate (Pi) in plasma is under hormonal control, with deviations from normal values promptly corrected to avoid hyper- or hypophosphatemia. Major regulators include parathyroid hormone (PTH), fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23), and active vitamin D3 (calcitriol). This control is achieved by mechanisms largely dependent on regulating intestinal absorption and renal excretion, whose combined actions stabilise plasma Pi levels at around 1-2 mM. Instead, Pi concentrations up to 13 and 40 mM have been measured in saliva from humans and ruminants, respectively, suggesting that salivary glands have the capacity to concentrate Pi. Here we analysed the transcriptome of parotid glands, ileum, and kidneys of mice, to investigate their potential differences regarding the expression of genes responsible for epithelial transport of Pi as well as their known regulators. Given that Pi and Ca2+ homeostasis are tightly connected, the expression of genes involved in Ca2+ homeostasis was also included. In addition, we studied the effect of vitamin D3 treatment on the expression of Pi and Ca2+ regulating genes in the three major salivary glands. We found that parotid glands are equipped preferentially with Slc20 rather than with Slc34 Na+/Pi cotransporters, are suited to transport Ca2+ through the transcellular and paracellular route and are potential targets for PTH and vitamin D3 regulation.
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25
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Banerjee S, Drapkin R, Richardson DL, Birrer M. Targeting NaPi2b in ovarian cancer. Cancer Treat Rev 2023; 112:102489. [PMID: 36446254 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2022.102489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Novel biomarkers are needed to direct new treatments for ovarian cancer, a disease for which the standard of care remains heavily focused on platinum-based chemotherapy. Despite the success of PARP inhibitors, treatment options are limited, particularly in the platinum-resistant setting. NaPi2b is a cell surface sodium-dependent phosphate transporter that regulates phosphate homeostasis under normal physiological conditions and is a lineage marker that is expressed in select cancers, including ovarian, lung, thyroid, and breast cancers, with limited expression in normal tissues. Based on its increased expression in ovarian tumors, NaPi2b is a promising candidate to be studied as a biomarker for treatment and patient selection in ovarian cancer. In preclinical studies, the use of antibodies against NaPi2b showed that this protein can be exploited for tumor mapping and therapeutic targeting. Emerging data from phase 1 and 2 clinical trials in ovarian cancer have suggested that NaPi2b can be successfully detected in patient biopsy samples using immunohistochemistry, and the NaPi2b-targeting antibody-drug conjugate under evaluation appeared to elicit therapeutic responses. The aim of this review is to examine literature supporting NaPi2b as a novel biomarker for potential treatment and patient selection in ovarian cancer and to discuss the critical next steps and future analyses necessary to drive the study of this biomarker and therapeutic targeting forward.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ronny Drapkin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - Debra L Richardson
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States.
| | - Michael Birrer
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas Medical School, Little Rock, AR, United States.
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Lacerda-Abreu MA, Dick CF, Meyer-Fernandes JR. The Role of Inorganic Phosphate Transporters in Highly Proliferative Cells: From Protozoan Parasites to Cancer Cells. MEMBRANES 2022; 13:42. [PMID: 36676849 PMCID: PMC9860751 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In addition to their standard inorganic phosphate (Pi) nutritional function, Pi transporters have additional roles in several cells, including Pi sensing (the so-called transceptor) and a crucial role in Pi metabolism, where they control several phenotypes, such as virulence in pathogens and tumour aggressiveness in cancer cells. Thus, intracellular Pi concentration should be tightly regulated by the fine control of intake and storage in organelles. Pi transporters are classified into two groups: the Pi transporter (PiT) family, also known as the Pi:Na+ symporter family; and the Pi:H+ symporter (PHS) family. Highly proliferative cells, such as protozoan parasites and cancer cells, rely on aerobic glycolysis to support the rapid generation of biomass, which is equated with the well-known Warburg effect in cancer cells. In protozoan parasite cells, Pi transporters are strongly associated with cell proliferation, possibly through their action as intracellular Pi suppliers for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) activity. Similarly, the growth rate hypothesis (GRH) proposes that the high Pi demands of tumours when achieving accelerated proliferation are mainly due to increased allocation to P-rich nucleic acids. The purpose of this review was to highlight recent advances in understanding the role of Pi transporters in unicellular eukaryotes and tumorigenic cells, correlating these roles with metabolism in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Antonio Lacerda-Abreu
- Leopoldo de Meis Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Claudia Fernanda Dick
- National Center of Structural Biology and Bioimaging (CENABIO), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Meyer-Fernandes
- Leopoldo de Meis Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
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27
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Cipriani C, Minisola S, Colangelo L, DE Martino V, Ferrone F, Biamonte F, Danese V, Sonato C, Santori R, Occhiuto M, Pepe J. FGF23 functions and disease. Minerva Endocrinol (Torino) 2022; 47:437-448. [PMID: 33792238 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6507.21.03378-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The main function of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is the regulation of phosphate metabolism through its action on the sodium-dependent phosphate cotransporters in the proximal renal tubules. Additionally, FGF23 interacts with vitamin D and parathyroid hormone in a complex metabolic pathway whose detailed mechanisms are still not clear in human physiology and disease. More recently, research has also focused on the understanding of mechanisms of FGF23 action on organs and system other than the kidneys and bone, as well as on its interaction with other metabolic pathways. Collectively, the new evidence are successfully used for the clinical evaluation and management of FGF23-related disorders, for which new therapies with many potential applications are now available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Cipriani
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy -
| | - Salvatore Minisola
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciano Colangelo
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana DE Martino
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Ferrone
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Biamonte
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Vittoria Danese
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Sonato
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Rachele Santori
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Occhiuto
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Pepe
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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28
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Hasegawa T, Hongo H, Yamamoto T, Abe M, Yoshino H, Haraguchi-Kitakamae M, Ishizu H, Shimizu T, Iwasaki N, Amizuka N. Matrix Vesicle-Mediated Mineralization and Osteocytic Regulation of Bone Mineralization. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179941. [PMID: 36077336 PMCID: PMC9456179 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone mineralization entails two mineralization phases: primary and secondary mineralization. Primary mineralization is achieved when matrix vesicles are secreted by osteoblasts, and thereafter, bone mineral density gradually increases during secondary mineralization. Nearby extracellular phosphate ions (PO43−) flow into the vesicles via membrane transporters and enzymes located on the vesicles’ membranes, while calcium ions (Ca2+), abundant in the tissue fluid, are also transported into the vesicles. The accumulation of Ca2+ and PO43− in the matrix vesicles induces crystal nucleation and growth. The calcium phosphate crystals grow radially within the vesicle, penetrate the vesicle’s membrane, and continue to grow outside the vesicle, ultimately forming mineralized nodules. The mineralized nodules then attach to collagen fibrils, mineralizing them from the contact sites (i.e., collagen mineralization). Afterward, the bone mineral density gradually increases during the secondary mineralization process. The mechanisms of this phenomenon remain unclear, but osteocytes may play a key role; it is assumed that osteocytes enable the transport of Ca2+ and PO43− through the canaliculi of the osteocyte network, as well as regulate the mineralization of the surrounding bone matrix via the Phex/SIBLINGs axis. Thus, bone mineralization is biologically regulated by osteoblasts and osteocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoka Hasegawa
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
- Correspondence: (T.H.); (N.A.); Tel.: +81-11-706-4226 (T.H.); +81-11-706-4223 (N.A.)
| | - Hiromi Hongo
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
| | - Tomomaya Yamamoto
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
- Northern Army Medical Unit, Camp Makomanai, Japan Ground Self-Defense Forces, Sapporo 005-8543, Japan
| | - Miki Abe
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
| | - Hirona Yoshino
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
| | - Mai Haraguchi-Kitakamae
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
- Division of Craniofacial Development and Tissue Biology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Hotaka Ishizu
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
- Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Shimizu
- Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Norimasa Iwasaki
- Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Norio Amizuka
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
- Correspondence: (T.H.); (N.A.); Tel.: +81-11-706-4226 (T.H.); +81-11-706-4223 (N.A.)
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29
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Hu Y, van Baal J, Hendriks WH, Resink JW, Liesegang A, van Krimpen MM, Bikker P. High dietary Ca and microbial phytase reduce expression of Ca transporters while enhancing claudins involved in paracellular Ca absorption in the porcine jejunum and colon. Br J Nutr 2022; 129:1-23. [PMID: 35912696 PMCID: PMC10011584 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522002239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Expression levels of genes (RT-qPCR) related to Ca and P homeostasis (transporters and claudins (CLDN)) were determined in porcine jejunal and colonic mucosa. Forty growing pigs (BW 30.4±1.3 kg) received a low and high Ca content (2.0 and 9.6 g/kg, respectively) diet with or without microbial phytase (500 FTU/kg) for 21 days. Dietary Ca intake enhanced serum Ca and alkaline phosphatase concentration and reduced P, 1,25(OH)2D3, and parathyroid hormone concentration. Jejunal TRPV5 mRNA expression was decreased (32%) with phytase inclusion only, while colonic transient receptor potential vanilloid 5 (TRPV5) mRNA was reduced by dietary Ca (34%) and phytase (44%). Both jejunal and colonic TRPV6 mRNA expression was reduced (30%) with microbial phytase. Calbindin-D9k mRNA expression was lower in colonic but not jejunal mucosa with high dietary Ca (59%) and microbial phytase (37%). None of the mRNAs encoding the Na-P cotransporters (NaPi-IIc, PiT-1, PiT-2) were affected. Jejunal, but not colonic expression of the phosphate transporter XPR1, was slightly downregulated with dietary Ca. Dietary Ca downregulated colonic CLDN-4 (20%) and -10 (40%) expression while CLDN-7 was reduced by phytase inclusion in pigs fed low dietary Ca. Expression of colonic CLDN-12 tended to be increased by phytase. In jejunal mucosa, dietary Ca increased CLDN-2 expression (48%) and decreased CLDN-10 (49%) expression, while phytase slightly upregulated CLDN-12 expression. In conclusion, compared to a Ca deficient phytase-free diet, high dietary Ca and phytase intake in pigs downregulate jejunal and colonic genes related to transcellular Ca absorption and upregulate Ca pore-forming claudins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Hu
- Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen, 6700, the Netherlands
- Wageningen University and Research, Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jurgen van Baal
- Wageningen University and Research, Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter H. Hendriks
- Wageningen University and Research, Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Annette Liesegang
- University of Zurich, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Vetsuisse Faculty, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marinus M. van Krimpen
- Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen, 6700, the Netherlands
| | - Paul Bikker
- Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen, 6700, the Netherlands
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30
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Villa-Bellosta R. Role of the extracellular ATP/pyrophosphate metabolism cycle in vascular calcification. Purinergic Signal 2022:10.1007/s11302-022-09867-1. [PMID: 35511317 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-022-09867-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventionally, ATP is considered to be the principal energy source in cells. However, over the last few years, a novel role for ATP as a potent extracellular signaling molecule and the principal source of extracellular pyrophosphate, the main endogenous inhibitor of vascular calcification, has emerged. A large body of evidence suggests that two principal mechanisms are involved in the initiation and progression of ectopic calcification: high phosphate concentration and pyrophosphate deficiency. Pathologic calcification of cardiovascular structures, or vascular calcification, is a feature of several genetic diseases and a common complication of chronic kidney disease, diabetes, and aging. Previous studies have shown that the loss of function of several enzymes and transporters involved in extracellular ATP/pyrophosphate metabolism is associated with vascular calcification. Therefore, pyrophosphate homeostasis should be further studied to facilitate the design of novel therapeutic approaches for ectopic calcification of cardiovascular structures, including strategies to increase pyrophosphate concentrations by targeting the ATP/pyrophosphate metabolism cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Villa-Bellosta
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Av Barcelona, Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Plaza do Obradoiro s/n, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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31
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Jönsson ÅLM, Hernando N, Knöpfel T, Mogensen S, Bendstrup E, Hilberg O, Christensen JH, Simonsen U, Wagner CA. Impaired phosphate transport in SLC34A2 variants in patients with pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis. Hum Genomics 2022; 16:13. [PMID: 35443721 PMCID: PMC9019944 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-022-00387-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variants in SLC34A2 encoding the sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2b (NaPi-IIb) cause the rare lung disease pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM). PAM is characterised by the deposition of calcium-phosphate concretions in the alveoli usually progressing over time. No effective treatment is available. So far, 30 allelic variants in patients have been reported but only a few have been functionally characterised. This study aimed to determine the impact of selected SLC34A2 variants on transporter expression and phosphate uptake in cellular studies. METHODS Two nonsense variants (c.910A > T and c.1456C > T), one frameshift (c.1328delT), and one in-frame deletion (c.1402_1404delACC) previously reported in patients with PAM were selected for investigation. Wild-type and mutant c-Myc-tagged human NaPi-IIb constructs were expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. The transport function was investigated with a 32Pi uptake assay. NaPi-IIb protein expression and localisation were determined with immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry, respectively. RESULTS Oocytes injected with the wild-type human NaPi-IIb construct had significant 32Pi transport compared to water-injected oocytes. In addition, the protein had a molecular weight as expected for the glycosylated form, and it was readily detectable in the oocyte membrane. Although the protein from the Thr468del construct was synthesised and expressed in the oocyte membrane, phosphate transport was similar to non-injected control oocytes. All other mutants were non-functional and not expressed in the membrane, consistent with the expected impact of the truncations caused by premature stop codons. CONCLUSIONS Of four analysed SLC34A2 variants, only the Thr468del showed similar protein expression as the wild-type cotransporter in the oocyte membrane. All mutant transporters were non-functional, supporting that dysfunction of NaPi-IIb underlies the pathology of PAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åsa Lina M. Jönsson
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nati Hernando
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss National Center of Competence in Research NCCR Kidney.CH, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Knöpfel
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss National Center of Competence in Research NCCR Kidney.CH, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susie Mogensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Elisabeth Bendstrup
- Centre for Rare Lung Diseases, Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ole Hilberg
- Medical Department, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
| | | | - Ulf Simonsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Carsten A. Wagner
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss National Center of Competence in Research NCCR Kidney.CH, Zurich, Switzerland
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32
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Bladder epithelial cell phosphate transporter inhibition protects mice against uropathogenic Escherichia coli infection. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110698. [PMID: 35443182 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infections are predominantly caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). UPEC infects bladder epithelial cells (BECs) via fusiform vesicles, escapes into the cytosol to evade exocytosis, and establishes intracellular bacterial communities (IBCs) for the next round of infection. The UPEC vesicle escape mechanism remains unclear. Here we show that UPEC senses host immune responses and initiates escape by upregulating a key phospholipase. The UPEC phospholipase PldA disrupts the vesicle membrane, and pldA expression is activated by phosphate reduction in vesicles. The host phosphate transporter PIT1 is located on the fusiform vesicle membrane, transporting phosphate into the cytosol. UPEC infection upregulates PIT1 via nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), resulting in phosphate reduction. Silencing PIT1 blocks UPEC vesicle escape in BECs, inhibits IBC formation in mouse bladders, and protects mice from UPEC infection. Our results shed light on pathogenic bacteria responding to intracellular phosphate shortage and tackling host defense and provide insights for development of new therapeutic agents to treat UPEC infection.
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33
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Shanti A, Al Adem K, Stefanini C, Lee S. Hydrogen phosphate selectively induces MDA MB 231 triple negative breast cancer cell death in vitro. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5333. [PMID: 35351930 PMCID: PMC8964734 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09299-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphate ions are the most abundant anions inside the cells, and they are increasingly gaining attention as key modulators of cellular function and gene expression. However, little is known about the effect of inorganic phosphate ions on cancer cells, particularly breast cancer cells. Here, we investigated the toxicity of different phosphate compounds to triple-negative human breast cancer cells, particularly, MDA-MB-231, and compared it to that of human monocytes, THP-1. We found that, unlike dihydrogen phosphate (H2PO4−), hydrogen phosphate (HPO42−) at 20 mM or lower concentrations induced breast cancer cell death more than immune cell death, mainly via apoptosis. We correlate this effect to the fact that phosphate in the form of HPO42− raises pH levels to alkaline levels which are not optimum for transport of phosphate into cancer cells. The results in this study highlight the importance of further exploring hydrogen phosphate (HPO42−) as a potential therapeutic for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Shanti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kenana Al Adem
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Cesare Stefanini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sungmun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. .,Khalifa University's Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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34
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Nguyen NT, Nguyen TT, Park KS. Oxidative Stress Related to Plasmalemmal and Mitochondrial Phosphate Transporters in Vascular Calcification. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030494. [PMID: 35326144 PMCID: PMC8944874 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is essential for maintaining cellular function but excess of Pi leads to serious complications, including vascular calcification. Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidative stress contributes to the pathogenic progression of calcific changes. However, the molecular mechanism underlying Pi-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and its detrimental consequences remain unclear. Type III Na+-dependent Pi cotransporter, PiT-1/-2, play a significant role in Pi uptake of vascular smooth muscle cells. Pi influx via PiT-1/-2 increases the abundance of PiT-1/-2 and depolarization-activated Ca2+ entry due to its electrogenic properties, which may lead to Ca2+ and Pi overload and oxidative stress. At least four mitochondrial Pi transporters are suggested, among which the phosphate carrier (PiC) is known to be mainly involved in mitochondrial Pi uptake. Pi transport via PiC may induce hyperpolarization and superoxide generation, which may lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress, together with generation of cytosolic ROS. Increase in net influx of Ca2+ and Pi and their accumulation in the cytosol and mitochondrial matrix synergistically increases oxidative stress and osteogenic differentiation, which could be prevented by suppressing either Ca2+ or Pi overload. Therapeutic strategies targeting plasmalemmal and mitochondrial Pi transports can protect against Pi-induced oxidative stress and vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhung Thi Nguyen
- Department of Physiology, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Korea;
- Mitohormesis Research Center, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Korea
- Medical Doctor Program, College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi 12406, Vietnam
| | - Tuyet Thi Nguyen
- Department of Physiology, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Korea;
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi 12406, Vietnam
- Correspondence: (T.T.N.); (K.-S.P.); Tel.: +84-247-108-9779 (T.T.N.); +82-33-741-0294 (K.-S.P.)
| | - Kyu-Sang Park
- Department of Physiology, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Korea;
- Mitohormesis Research Center, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Korea
- Correspondence: (T.T.N.); (K.-S.P.); Tel.: +84-247-108-9779 (T.T.N.); +82-33-741-0294 (K.-S.P.)
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35
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The Interplay between Uremic Toxins and Albumin, Membrane Transporters and Drug Interaction. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14030177. [PMID: 35324674 PMCID: PMC8949274 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14030177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Uremic toxins are a heterogeneous group of molecules that accumulate in the body due to the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). These toxins are associated with kidney dysfunction and the development of comorbidities in patients with CKD, being only partially eliminated by dialysis therapies. Importantly, drugs used in clinical treatments may affect the levels of uremic toxins, their tissue disposition, and even their elimination through the interaction of both with proteins such as albumin and cell membrane transporters. In this context, protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) are highlighted for their high affinity for albumin, the most abundant serum protein with multiple binding sites and an ability to interact with drugs. Membrane transporters mediate the cellular influx and efflux of various uremic toxins, which may also compete with drugs as substrates, and both may alter transporter activity or expression. Therefore, this review explores the interaction mechanisms between uremic toxins and albumin, as well as membrane transporters, considering their potential relationship with drugs used in clinical practice.
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36
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Takase N, Inden M, Murayama Y, Mishima A, Kurita H, Hozumi I. PDGF-BB is involved in phosphate regulation via the phosphate transporters in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 593:93-100. [PMID: 35063775 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is the second most abundant inorganic ion in the body. Since abnormalities in Pi metabolism are risk factors for various diseases, serum Pi levels are strictly controlled. Type-III sodium-dependent Pi transporters, PiT-1 (encoded by SLC20A1) and PiT-2 (encoded by SLC20A2), are distributed throughout the tissues of the body, including the central nervous system, and are known to be responsible for extracellular to intracellular Pi transport. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a major growth factor of mesenchymal cells. PDGF-BB, a homodimer of PDGF-B, regulates intracellular Pi by increasing PiT-1 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. However, the effects of PDGF-BB on Pi transporters in neurons have yet to be reported. Here, we investigated the effect of PDGF-BB on Pi transporters in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. PDGF-BB did not induce SLC20A1 mRNA expression, but it increased the intracellular uptake of Pi via PiT-1 in SH-SY5Y cells. Among the signaling pathways associated with PDGF-BB, AKT signaling was shown to be involved in the increase in Pi transport. In addition, the PDGF-BB-induced increase in Pi mediated neuroprotective effects in SLC20A2-suppressed cells, in an in vitro model of the pathological condition found in idiopathic basal ganglia calcification. Moreover, the increase in Pi uptake was found to occur through promotion of intracellular PiT-1 translocation to the plasma membrane. Overall, these results indicate that PDGF-BB exerts neuroprotective effects via Pi transport, and they demonstrate the potential utility of PDGF-BB against abnormal Pi metabolism in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Takase
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Department Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu city, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Inden
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Department Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu city, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan.
| | - Yuto Murayama
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Department Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu city, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Ayane Mishima
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Department Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu city, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Hisaka Kurita
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Department Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu city, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Isao Hozumi
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Department Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu city, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan.
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37
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Kulesza T, Typiak M, Rachubik P, Audzeyenka I, Rogacka D, Angielski S, Saleem MA, Piwkowska A. Hyperglycemic environment disrupts phosphate transporter function and promotes calcification processes in podocytes and isolated glomeruli. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:2478-2491. [PMID: 35150131 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Soft tissue calcification is a pathological phenomenon that often occurs in end-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is caused by diabetic nephropathy, among other factors. Hyperphosphatemia present during course of CKD contributes to impairments in kidney function, particularly damages in the glomerular filtration barrier (GFB). Essential elements of the GFB include glomerular epithelial cells, called podocytes. In the present study, we found that human immortalized podocytes express messenger RNA and protein of phosphate transporters, including NaPi 2c (SLC34A3), Pit 1 (SLC20A1), and Pit 2 (SLC20A2), which are sodium-dependent and mediate intracellular phosphate (Pi) transport, and XPR1, which is responsible for extracellular Pi transport. We found that cells that were grown in a medium with a high glucose (HG) concentration (30 mM) expressed less Pit 1 and Pit 2 protein than podocytes that were cultured in a standard glucose medium (11 mM). We found that exposure of the analyzed transporters in the cell membrane of the podocyte is altered by HG conditions. We also found that the activity of tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase increased in HG, causing a rise in Pi generation. Additionally, HG led to a reduction of the amount of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 in the cell membrane of podocytes. The extracellular concentration of pyrophosphate also decreased under HG conditions. These data suggest that a hyperglycemic environment enhances the production of Pi in podocytes and its retention in the extracellular space, which may induce glomerular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Kulesza
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marlena Typiak
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Gdansk, Poland.,Department of General and Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Patrycja Rachubik
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Irena Audzeyenka
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Gdansk, Poland.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dorota Rogacka
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Gdansk, Poland.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Stefan Angielski
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Agnieszka Piwkowska
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Gdansk, Poland.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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38
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Lu A, Pu M, Mo S, Su J, Hu J, Li C, Wang W, Yang T. (Pro)renin Receptor Regulates Phosphate Homeostasis in Rats via Releasing Fibroblast Growth Factor-23. Front Physiol 2022; 13:784521. [PMID: 35222071 PMCID: PMC8874195 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.784521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphate (Pi) is one of the basic necessities required for sustenance of life and its metabolism largely relies on excretory function of the kidney, a process chiefly under the endocrine control of bone-derived fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). However, knowledge gap exists in understanding the regulatory loop responsible for eliciting phophaturic response to Pi treatment. Here, we reported a novel role of (pro)renin receptor (PRR) in mediating phosphaturic response to Pi treatment via upregulation of FGF23 production. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated for 5 days via osmotic pump-driven infusion of a PRR antagonist PRO20 or vehicle, and then treated with high Pi (HP) solution as drinking fluid for the last 24 h. PRO20 reduced HP-induced Pi excretion by 42%, accompanied by blunted upregulation of circulating FGF23 and parathyroid hormone (PTH) and downregulation of renal Na/Pi-IIa expression. In cultured osteoblast cells, exposure to HP induced a 1.56-fold increase in FGF23 expression, which was blunted by PRO20 or siRNA against PRR. Together, these results suggest that activation of PRR promotes phosphaturic response through stimulation of FGF23 production and subsequent downregulation of renal Na/Pi-IIa expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aihua Lu
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Pu
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiqi Mo
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Su
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiajia Hu
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunling Li
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianxin Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- *Correspondence: Tianxin Yang,
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Schicker K, Farr CV, Boytsov D, Freissmuth M, Sandtner W. Optimizing the Substrate Uptake Rate of Solute Carriers. Front Physiol 2022; 13:817886. [PMID: 35185619 PMCID: PMC8850955 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.817886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The diversity in solute carriers arose from evolutionary pressure. Here, we surmised that the adaptive search for optimizing the rate of substrate translocation was also shaped by the ambient extracellular and intracellular concentrations of substrate and co-substrate(s). We explored possible solutions by employing kinetic models, which were based on analytical expressions of the substrate uptake rate, that is, as a function of the microscopic rate constants used to parameterize the transport cycle. We obtained the defining terms for five reaction schemes with identical transport stoichiometry (i.e., Na+: substrate = 2:1). We then utilized an optimization algorithm to find the set of numeric values for the microscopic rate constants, which provided the largest value for the substrate uptake rate: The same optimized rate was achieved by different sets of numerical values for the microscopic rate constants. An in-depth analysis of these sets provided the following insights: (i) In the presence of a low extracellular substrate concentration, a transporter can only cycle at a high rate, if it has low values for both, the Michaelis-Menten constant (KM) for substrate and the maximal substrate uptake rate (Vmax). (ii) The opposite is true for a transporter operating at high extracellular substrate concentrations. (iii) Random order of substrate and co-substrate binding is superior to sequential order, if a transporter is to maintain a high rate of substrate uptake in the presence of accumulating intracellular substrate. Our kinetic models provide a framework to understand how and why the transport cycles of closely related transporters differ.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Walter Sandtner
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Characteristics and therapeutic potential of sodium-dependent phosphate cotransporters in relation to idiopathic basal ganglia calcification. J Pharmacol Sci 2021; 148:152-155. [PMID: 34924120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Type-III sodium-dependent phosphate transporters 1 and 2 (PiT 1 and PiT 2, respectively) are proteins encoded by SLC20A1 and SLC20A2, respectively. The ubiquitous distribution of SLC20A1 and SLC20A2 mRNAs in mammalian tissues supports the housekeeping maintenance and homeostasis of intracellular inorganic phosphate (Pi), which is absorbed from interstitial fluid for normal cellular functions. SLC20A2 variants have been found in patients with idiopathic basal ganglia calcification (IBGC), also known as Fahr's disease or primary familial brain calcification (PFBC). Thus, disrupted Pi homeostasis is considered one of the major factors in the pathogenic mechanism of IBGC. In this paper, among the causative genes of IBGC, we focused specifically on PiT2, and its potential for a therapeutic target of IBGC.
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Vascular Calcification: Key Roles of Phosphate and Pyrophosphate. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413536. [PMID: 34948333 PMCID: PMC8708352 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications due to accelerated arterial stiffening and atherosclerosis are the leading cause of morbimortality in Western society. Both pathologies are frequently associated with vascular calcification. Pathologic calcification of cardiovascular structures, or vascular calcification, is associated with several diseases (for example, genetic diseases, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease) and is a common consequence of aging. Calcium phosphate deposition, mainly in the form of hydroxyapatite, is the hallmark of vascular calcification and can occur in the medial layer of arteries (medial calcification), in the atheroma plaque (intimal calcification), and cardiac valves (heart valve calcification). Although various mechanisms have been proposed for the pathogenesis of vascular calcification, our understanding of the pathogenesis of calcification is far from complete. However, in recent years, some risk factors have been identified, including high serum phosphorus concentration (hyperphosphatemia) and defective synthesis of pyrophosphate (pyrophosphate deficiency). The balance between phosphate and pyrophosphate, strictly controlled by several genes, plays a key role in vascular calcification. This review summarizes the current knowledge concerning phosphate and pyrophosphate homeostasis, focusing on the role of extracellular pyrophosphate metabolism in aortic smooth muscle cells and macrophages.
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Dai YS, Pei WL, Wang YY, Wang Z, Zhuo MQ. Topology, tissue distribution, and transcriptional level of SLC34s in response to Pi and pH in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2021; 47:1383-1393. [PMID: 34282499 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-021-00981-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, two new SLC34 family members, named slc34a1b and slc34a2a, were isolated and characterized from grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella. Topology, tissue distribution, and transcriptional response to phosphorus (Pi) and pH were compared among three members of SLC34 family (slc34a1b, slc34a2a, and slc34a2b) in grass carp. The length of validated cDNAs of grass carp slc34a1b and slc34a2a was 1494 bp and 1902 bp, and these two cDNAs encoded 497 and 633 amino acid residues, respectively. The domain analysis showed that three SLC34 members of grass carp contain architecture similar to that in mammals. Moreover, the mRNA of three slc34s was widely expressed in nine tissues (heart, brain, intestine, kidney, liver, muscle, gill, spleen, and skin), but at various levels. Our results revealed that 6 mM and 9 mM Pi incubation significantly reduced the mRNA expression of three slc34s in both CIK and L8824 cell lines from grass carp. The expression of slc34a1b was decreased in the CIK cells, but not in the L8824 cells after 3 mM Pi incubation. In CIK cells, 3 mM Pi incubation downregulated the expression of slc34a1b and slc34a2a, but not slc34a2b. In addition, the expression of three slc34s was significantly reduced at acidic pH in the CIK cells. Taken together, we characterized three SLC34 family members, revealed their specific distribution among different tissues, and elucidated their transcriptional responses to Pi and pH in two cell lines from grass carp. Our findings provide an insight into the physiological function of three SLC34s in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Shuang Dai
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wen-Li Pei
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wang
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Mei-Qin Zhuo
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Müller CBM, Kuhla B. Holstein dairy cows with high phosphorus utilization efficiency fed a low phosphorous diet secreted less phosphorus with urine but more with milk and feces. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 788:147813. [PMID: 34029807 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The environmental pollution of phosphorus (P) from livestock farming is becoming increasingly problematic especially with regard to dwindling global P resources. Thus, a more sustainable handling of P resources, including improvements in P use efficiency and a reduction of P loss from farm animals, is necessary. Dairy cows may differ in milk P yield and P use efficiency despite receiving the same feed ration. The objective of this study was to elucidate inter-individual differences in P and closely linked nitrogen (N) excretions and the expression of P transport proteins in dairy cows with low and high P utilization efficiency. Twenty multiparous, late lactating German Holstein dairy cows were retrospectively assigned to either a high (HPeff; n = 10) or low (LPeff; n = 10) P utilization efficiency group. Cows were fed a diet low in P and crude protein (CP) content. During a 4-day balance study, feed intake, urine and fecal excretions, and milk yield were recorded to determine total P and N content in subsamples. Mammary gland, kidney and jejunal mucosa were sampled to analyze mRNA expressions of P transporters by real-time-PCR. A high milk P yield in HPeff cows strongly correlated with milk protein and milk N yield. HPeff cows excreted less urinary P, had a higher renal P reabsorption rate, and a higher renal sodium-P cotransporter 2 expression than LPeff cows. As HPeff cows channeled more P into milk, they mobilized more P from body reserves as indicated by their more negative P-balance. In addition, HPeff cows had higher fecal P excretion relative to ingested P, resulting in a lower apparent P digestibility. In conclusion, when fed a low P diet, HPeff cows channeled more endogenous P into milk and feces, which in the long-term, likely has adverse effects on animal health and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Beatrix Maria Müller
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology 'Oskar Kellner', Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Björn Kuhla
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology 'Oskar Kellner', Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
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Lacerda-Abreu MA, Russo-Abrahão T, Rocco-Machado N, Cosentino-Gomes D, Dick CF, Carvalho-Kelly LF, Cunha Nascimento MT, Rocha-Vieira TC, Meyer-Fernandes JR. Hydrogen Peroxide Generation as an Underlying Response to High Extracellular Inorganic Phosphate (Pi) in Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810096. [PMID: 34576256 PMCID: PMC8468810 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the growth rate hypothesis (GRH), tumour cells have high inorganic phosphate (Pi) demands due to accelerated proliferation. Compared to healthy individuals, cancer patients present with a nearly 2.5-fold higher Pi serum concentration. In this work, we show that an increasing concentration of Pi had the opposite effect on Pi-transporters only in MDA-MB-231 when compared to other breast cell lines: MCF-7 or MCF10-A (non-tumoural breast cell line). Here, we show for the first time that high extracellular Pi concentration mediates ROS production in TNBC (MDA-MB-231). After a short-time exposure (1 h), Pi hyperpolarizes the mitochondrial membrane, increases mitochondrial ROS generation, impairs oxygen (O2) consumption and increases PKC activity. However, after 24 h Pi-exposure, the source of H2O2 seems to shift from mitochondria to an NADPH oxidase enzyme (NOX), through activation of PKC by H2O2. Exogenous-added H2O2 modulated Pi-transporters the same way as extracellular high Pi, which could be reversed by the addition of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC). NAC was also able to abolish Pi-induced Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration and adhesion of MDA-MB-231. We believe that Pi transporters support part of the energy required for the metastatic processes stimulated by Pi and trigger Pi-induced H2O2 production as a signalling response to promote cell migration and adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Antonio Lacerda-Abreu
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, RJ, Brazil; (M.A.L.-A.); (T.R.-A.); (N.R.-M.); (D.C.-G.); (C.F.D.); (L.F.C.-K.); (M.T.C.N.); (T.C.R.-V.)
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, RJ, Brazil
| | - Thais Russo-Abrahão
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, RJ, Brazil; (M.A.L.-A.); (T.R.-A.); (N.R.-M.); (D.C.-G.); (C.F.D.); (L.F.C.-K.); (M.T.C.N.); (T.C.R.-V.)
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, RJ, Brazil
| | - Nathália Rocco-Machado
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, RJ, Brazil; (M.A.L.-A.); (T.R.-A.); (N.R.-M.); (D.C.-G.); (C.F.D.); (L.F.C.-K.); (M.T.C.N.); (T.C.R.-V.)
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, RJ, Brazil
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Rockville, MD 20814, USA
| | - Daniela Cosentino-Gomes
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, RJ, Brazil; (M.A.L.-A.); (T.R.-A.); (N.R.-M.); (D.C.-G.); (C.F.D.); (L.F.C.-K.); (M.T.C.N.); (T.C.R.-V.)
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, RJ, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica 23890-000, RJ, Brazil
| | - Claudia Fernanda Dick
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, RJ, Brazil; (M.A.L.-A.); (T.R.-A.); (N.R.-M.); (D.C.-G.); (C.F.D.); (L.F.C.-K.); (M.T.C.N.); (T.C.R.-V.)
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, RJ, Brazil
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Carvalho-Kelly
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, RJ, Brazil; (M.A.L.-A.); (T.R.-A.); (N.R.-M.); (D.C.-G.); (C.F.D.); (L.F.C.-K.); (M.T.C.N.); (T.C.R.-V.)
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, RJ, Brazil
| | - Michelle Tanny Cunha Nascimento
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, RJ, Brazil; (M.A.L.-A.); (T.R.-A.); (N.R.-M.); (D.C.-G.); (C.F.D.); (L.F.C.-K.); (M.T.C.N.); (T.C.R.-V.)
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, RJ, Brazil
| | - Thaís Cristino Rocha-Vieira
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, RJ, Brazil; (M.A.L.-A.); (T.R.-A.); (N.R.-M.); (D.C.-G.); (C.F.D.); (L.F.C.-K.); (M.T.C.N.); (T.C.R.-V.)
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, RJ, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Meyer-Fernandes
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, RJ, Brazil; (M.A.L.-A.); (T.R.-A.); (N.R.-M.); (D.C.-G.); (C.F.D.); (L.F.C.-K.); (M.T.C.N.); (T.C.R.-V.)
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, RJ, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-21-3938-6781; Fax: +55-21-2270-8647
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High Intakes of Bioavailable Phosphate May Promote Systemic Oxidative Stress and Vascular Calcification by Boosting Mitochondrial Membrane Potential-Is Good Magnesium Status an Antidote? Cells 2021; 10:cells10071744. [PMID: 34359914 PMCID: PMC8303439 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is characterized by markedly increased risk for cardiovascular mortality, vascular calcification, and ventricular hypertrophy, and is associated with increased systemic oxidative stress. Hyperphosphatemia, reflecting diminished glomerular phosphate (Pi) clearance, coupled with a compensatory increase in fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) secretion are thought to be key mediators of this risk. Elevated serum and dietary Pi and elevated plasma FGF23 are associated with increased cardiovascular and total mortality in people with normal baseline renal function. FGF23 may mediate some of this risk by promoting cardiac hypertrophy via activation of fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 on cardiomyocytes. Elevated serum Pi can also cause a profound increase in systemic oxidative stress, and this may reflect the ability of Pi to act directly on mitochondria to boost membrane potential and thereby increase respiratory chain superoxide production. Moreover, elevated FGF23 likewise induces oxidative stress in vascular endothelium via activation of NADPH oxidase complexes. In vitro exposure of vascular smooth muscle cells to elevated Pi provokes an osteoblastic phenotypic transition that is mediated by increased mitochondrial oxidant production; this is offset dose-dependently by increased exposure to magnesium (Mg). In vivo, dietary Mg is protective in rodent models of vascular calcification. It is proposed that increased intracellular Mg opposes Pi’s ability to increase mitochondrial membrane potential; this model could explain its utility for prevention of vascular calcification and predicts that Mg may have a more global protective impact with regard to the direct pathogenic effects of hyperphosphatemia.
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Lovio-Fragoso JP, de Jesús-Campos D, López-Elías JA, Medina-Juárez LÁ, Fimbres-Olivarría D, Hayano-Kanashiro C. Biochemical and Molecular Aspects of Phosphorus Limitation in Diatoms and Their Relationship with Biomolecule Accumulation. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10070565. [PMID: 34206287 PMCID: PMC8301168 DOI: 10.3390/biology10070565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Phosphorus (P) is a key nutrient involved in the transfer of energy and the synthesis of several cellular components. It has been reported that P limitation in diatoms induces the synthesis of biomolecules and the accumulation of storage compounds, such as pigments, carbohydrates and lipids, with diverse biological activities, which can be used in diverse biotechnological applications. However, the molecular and biochemical mechanisms related to how diatoms cope with P deficiency are not clear, and research into this has been limited to a few species. The integration of results obtained from omics sciences could provide a broad understanding of the response of diatoms to P limitation, and the information obtained could help to solve challenges such as biomass production, by-products yield and genetic improvement of strains. Abstract Diatoms are the most abundant group of phytoplankton, and their success lies in their significant adaptation ability to stress conditions, such as nutrient limitation. Phosphorus (P) is a key nutrient involved in the transfer of energy and the synthesis of several cellular components. Molecular and biochemical mechanisms related to how diatoms cope with P deficiency are not clear, and research into this has been limited to a few species. Among the molecular responses that have been reported in diatoms cultured under P deficient conditions is the upregulation of genes encoding enzymes related to the transport, assimilation, remobilization and recycling of this nutrient. Regarding biochemical responses, due to the reduction of the requirements for carbon structures for the synthesis of proteins and phospholipids, more CO2 is fixed than is consumed by the Calvin cycle. To deal with this excess, diatoms redirect the carbon flow toward the synthesis of storage compounds such as triacylglycerides and carbohydrates, which are excreted as extracellular polymeric substances. This review aimed to gather all current knowledge regarding the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of diatoms related to managing P deficiency in order to provide a wider insight into and understanding of their responses, as well as the metabolic pathways affected by the limitation of this nutrient.
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Tang X, Liu X, Liu H. Mechanisms of Epidermal Growth Factor Effect on Animal Intestinal Phosphate Absorption: A Review. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:670140. [PMID: 34195248 PMCID: PMC8236626 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.670140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphorus is one of the essential mineral elements of animals that plays an important role in animal growth and development, bone formation, energy metabolism, nucleic acid synthesis, cell signal transduction, and blood acid–base balance. It has been established that the Type IIb sodium-dependent phosphate cotransporters (NaPi-IIb) protein is the major sodium-dependent phosphate (Pi) transporter, which plays an important role in Pi uptake across the apical membrane of epithelial cells in the small intestine. Previous studies have demonstrated that epidermal growth factor (EGF) is involved in regulating intestinal Pi absorption. Here we summarize the effects of EGF on active Pi transport of NaPi-IIb under different conditions. Under normal conditions, EGF inhibits the active transport of Pi by inhibiting the expression of NaPi-IIb, while, under intestinal injury condition, EGF promotes the active absorption of Pi through upregulating the expression of NaPi-IIb. This review provides a reference for information about EGF-regulatory functions in Pi absorption in the animal intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Tang
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertfication Control, School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xuguang Liu
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertfication Control, School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, Engineering Research Center of Arid Agriculture and Ecological Remediation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Figueres L, Beck-Cormier S, Beck L, Marks J. The Complexities of Organ Crosstalk in Phosphate Homeostasis: Time to Put Phosphate Sensing Back in the Limelight. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5701. [PMID: 34071837 PMCID: PMC8199323 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphate homeostasis is essential for health and is achieved via interaction between the bone, kidney, small intestine, and parathyroid glands and via intricate processes involving phosphate transporters, phosphate sensors, and circulating hormones. Numerous genetic and acquired disorders are associated with disruption in these processes and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. The role of the kidney in phosphate homeostasis is well known, although it is recognized that the cellular mechanisms in murine models and humans are different. Intestinal phosphate transport also appears to differ in humans and rodents, with recent studies demonstrating a dominant role for the paracellular pathway. The existence of phosphate sensing has been acknowledged for decades; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. At least three phosphate sensors have emerged. PiT2 and FGFR1c both act as phosphate sensors controlling Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 secretion in bone, whereas the calcium-sensing receptor controls parathyroid hormone secretion in response to extracellular phosphate. All three of the proposed sensors are expressed in the kidney and intestine but their exact function in these organs is unknown. Understanding organ interactions and the mechanisms involved in phosphate sensing requires significant research to develop novel approaches for the treatment of phosphate homeostasis disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Figueres
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK;
- CHU de Nantes, Université de Nantes, F-44042 Nantes, France
| | - Sarah Beck-Cormier
- Inserm, UMR 1229, RMeS Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Université de Nantes, ONIRIS, F-44042 Nantes, France; (S.B.-C.); (L.B.)
| | - Laurent Beck
- Inserm, UMR 1229, RMeS Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Université de Nantes, ONIRIS, F-44042 Nantes, France; (S.B.-C.); (L.B.)
| | - Joanne Marks
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK;
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Extracellular phosphate enhances the function of F508del-CFTR rescued by CFTR correctors. J Cyst Fibros 2021; 20:843-850. [PMID: 34020896 PMCID: PMC8503924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2021.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
CFTR correctors rescue the plasma membrane expression of F508del-CFTR. Extracellular phosphate enhances F508del-CFTR function rescued by CFTR correctors. Cystic fibrosis airway epithelia express the phosphate transporter SLC34A2. Extracellular phosphate levels might contribute to variable drug responses.
Background: The clinical response to cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators varies between people with cystic fibrosis (CF) of the same genotype, in part through the action of solute carriers encoded by modifier genes. Here, we investigate whether phosphate transport by SLC34A2 modulates the function of F508del-CFTR after its rescue by CFTR correctors. Methods: With Fischer rat thyroid (FRT) cells heterologously expressing wild-type and F508del-CFTR and fully-differentiated CF and non-CF human airway epithelial cells, we studied SLC34A2 expression and the effects of phosphate on CFTR-mediated transepithelial ion transport. F508del-CFTR was trafficked to the plasma membrane by incubation with different CFTR correctors (alone or in combination) or by low temperature. Results: Quantitative RT-PCR demonstrated that both FRT and primary airway epithelial cells express SLC34A2 mRNA and no differences were found between cells expressing wild-type and F508del-CFTR. For both heterologously expressed and native F508del-CFTR rescued by either VX-809 or C18, the magnitude of CFTR-mediated Cl− currents was dependent on the presence of extracellular phosphate. However, this effect of phosphate was not detected with wild-type and low temperature-rescued F508del-CFTR Cl− currents. Importantly, the modulatory effect of phosphate was observed in native CF airway cells exposed to VX-445, VX-661 and VX-770 (Trikafta) and was dependent on the presence of both sodium and phosphate. Conclusions: Extracellular phosphate modulates the magnitude of CFTR-mediated Cl− currents after F508del-CFTR rescue by clinically-approved CFTR correctors. This effect likely involves electrogenic phosphate transport by SLC34A2. It might contribute to inter-individual variability in the clinical response to CFTR correctors.
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Lacerda-Abreu MA, Russo-Abrahão T, Meyer-Fernandes JR. Resveratrol is an inhibitor of sodium-dependent inorganic phosphate transport in triple-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:1768-1775. [PMID: 33851766 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is a major cause of death in patients with breast cancer. A growing body of evidence has demonstrated the antitumour effects of resveratrol, a non-flavonoid polyphenol. Resveratrol inhibits metastatic processes, such as the migration and invasion of cancer cells. In several cancer types, the importance of inorganic phosphate (Pi) for tumor progression has been demonstrated. The metastatic process in breast cancer is associated with Na+ -dependent Pi transporters. In this study, we demonstrate, for the first time, that resveratrol inhibits the Na+ -dependent Pi transporter. Results from kinetic analysis shows that resveratrol inhibits Na+ -dependent Pi transport non-competitively. Resveratrol also inhibits adhesion/migration in MDA-MB-231 cells, likely related to inhibition of the Na+ -dependent Pi transporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Antonio Lacerda-Abreu
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thais Russo-Abrahão
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Meyer-Fernandes
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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