1
|
Chen W, Zhang T, Zhang H. Causal relationship between type 2 diabetes and glioblastoma: bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16544. [PMID: 39020091 PMCID: PMC11255221 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67341-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
As the prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Glioblastoma (GBM) rises globally, the relationship between T2DM and GBM remains controversial. This study aims to investigate whether genetically predicted T2DM is causally associated with GBM. We performed bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using data from genome-wide studies on T2DM (N = 62,892) and GBM (N = 218,792) in European populations. The results of the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) approach served as the primary outcomes. We applied Cochran's Q test and MR-Egger regression for heterogeneity assessment. Leave-one-out analysis was used to evaluate whether any single SNP significantly influenced the observed effect. Our findings reveal a significant causal association between T2DM and an increased risk of GBM (OR [95% CI] 1.70 [1.09, 2.65], P = 0.019). Conversely, the reverse association between T2DM and GBM was insignificant (OR [95% CI] 1.00 [0.99, 1.01], P = 0.408) (P > 0.40). Furthermore, the results from Cochran's Q-test and funnel plots in the MR-Egger method indicated no evidence of pleiotropy between the SNPs and GBM. Additionally, we mapped causal SNPs to genes and identified 10 genes, including MACF1, C1orf185, PTGFRN, NOTCH2, ABCB10, GCKR, THADA, RBMS1, SPHKAP, and PPARG, located on chromosomes 1, 2, and 3. These genes are involved in key biological processes such as the BMP signaling pathway and various metabolic pathways relevant to both conditions. This study provides robust evidence of a significant causal relationship between T2DM and an increased risk of GBM. The identified SNP-mapped genes highlight potential biological mechanisms underlying this association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Xi'an, 710100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Taoyuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhao J, Shi W, Zhao Y, Chen L, Wu L. Associations between adiposity, diabetes, lifestyle factors and the risk of gliomas. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1207223. [PMID: 37497279 PMCID: PMC10366619 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1207223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite numerous observational studies linking adiposity, diabetes, and lifestyle factors with gliomas, the causal associations between them remain uncertain. Methods This study aimed to use two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate whether these associations are causal. Specifically, independent genetic variants in body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), type 2 diabetes (T2D), smoking, alcohol, and coffee consumption were extracted from the published genome-wide association studies (GWASs) with genome-wide significance. The corresponding summary-level data for gliomas were available from a GWAS of 1,856 cases and 4,955 controls of European descent from the GliomaScan consortium. Additionally, glioma pathogenesis-related protein 1 data were used for validation, and Radial MR analysis was conducted to examine the potential outlier single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Results One standard deviation (SD) increase in BMI had an odds ratio (OR) of 1.392 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.935-2.071) for gliomas, while one SD increase in WC had an OR of 0.967 (95% CI, 0.547-1.710). For T2D, a one-unit increase in log-transformed OR had an OR of 0.923 (95% CI, 0.754-1.129). The prevalence of smoking initiation had an OR of 1.703 (95% CI, 0.871-3.326) for gliomas, while the prevalence of alcohol intake frequency had an OR of 0.806 (95% CI, 0.361-1.083), and the prevalence of coffee intake had an OR of 0.268 (95% CI, 0.033-2.140) for gliomas. Conclusion This study provides evidence that adiposity, T2D, smoking, alcohol drinking, and coffee intake do not play causal roles in the development of gliomas. The findings highlight the importance of reconsidering causal relationships in epidemiological research to better understand the risk factors and prevention strategies for gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Epigenetic for Organ Development of Preterm Infants, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yuxiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Epigenetic for Organ Development of Preterm Infants, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jincheng Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Wanchao Shi
- Cerebrovascular Interventional Treatment Ward, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yujun Zhao
- Department of Neurocritical Medicine, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang C, Tu H, Yang L, Ma C, Hu J, Luo J, Wang H. FOXN3 inhibits cell proliferation and invasion via modulating the AKT/MDM2/p53 axis in human glioma. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:21587-21598. [PMID: 34511432 PMCID: PMC8457572 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the biological role of forkhead box N3 (FOXN3) in human glioma and clarify the possible molecular mechanisms. FOXN3 expression patterns in clinical tissue specimens were characterized via qPCR and Western blotting. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was applied to assess the correlation between FOXN3 expression and overall survival. Effects of FOXN3 over-expression and depletion on glioma cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion were assessed by CCK8, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, scratch wound healing assay and Transwell invasion assay, respectively. Moreover, the involvement of AKT/murine double minute 2 (MDM2)/p53 pathway was evaluated. Additionally, tumor transplantation model assay was performed to determine the effects of FOXN3 over-expression on glioma cell growth in vivo. Results showed that FOXN3 was significantly down-regulated in glioma tissues compared with normal tissues. Patients with lower FOXN3 expression exhibited a shorter overall survival time. Gain- and loss-of-function analyses demonstrated that FOXN3 over-expression significantly suppressed proliferation, survival and motility of glioma cells, whereas FOXN3 knockdown remarkably promoted glioma cell proliferation, survival and motility. Furthermore, FOXN3 over-expression inhibited the activation of AKT/MDM2/p53 signaling pathway in glioma cells, while FOXN3 depletion facilitated its activation. Additionally, tumor xenograft assays revealed that FOXN3 over-expression retarded glioma cell growth in vivo. Collectively, these findings indicate that FOXN3 inhibits cell growth and invasion through inactivating the AKT/MDM2/p53 signaling pathway and that FOXN3-AKT/MDM2/p53 axis may represent a novel therapeutic target for glioma patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaojia Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Hanjun Tu
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Taihe Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Chunming Ma
- Department of Rehabilitation, Taihe Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Juntao Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kumar SU, Rajan B, Kumar DT, Cathryn RH, Das S, Zayed H, Emmanuel Jebaraj Walter C, Ramanathan G, Priya Doss C G. Comparison of potential inhibitors and targeting fat mass and obesity-associated protein causing diabesity through docking and molecular dynamics strategies. J Cell Biochem 2021; 122:1625-1638. [PMID: 34289159 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified an association between polymorphisms in the FTO gene and obesity. The FTO: rs9939609, an intronic variant, is considered a risk allele for developing diabesity in homozygous and heterozygous forms. This study aimed to investigate the molecular structure of the available inhibitors specific to the FTO mutations along with the rs9939609 variant. We identified the best-suited inhibitor molecules for each mutant type containing the rs9939609 risk allele. Missense mutations unique to obesity and containing the risk allele of rs9939609 were retrieved from dbSNP for this study. Further stability testing for the mutations were carried out using DynaMut and iStable tools. Three mutations (G187A, M223V, and I492V) were highly destabilizing the FTO structure. These three mutants and native FTO were docked with each of the nine-inhibitor molecules collected from literature studies with the help of PyRx and AutoDock. Further structural behavior of the mutants and native FTO were identified with molecular dynamics simulations and MM-PBSA analyses, along with the 19complex inhibitor compound. We found the compound 19complex exhibited better binding interactions and is the top candidate inhibitor for the M223V and I492V mutants. This study provided insights into the structural changes caused due to mutations in FTO, and the binding mechanism of the inhibitor molecules. It could aid in developing antiobesity drugs for treating patients with mutations and risk alleles predisposing to obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Udhaya Kumar
- School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bithia Rajan
- School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D Thirumal Kumar
- Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Hephzibah Cathryn
- School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Samprita Das
- School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Charles Emmanuel Jebaraj Walter
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gnanasambandan Ramanathan
- School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - George Priya Doss C
- School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Characterization of ferroptosis signature to evaluate the predict prognosis and immunotherapy in glioblastoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:17655-17672. [PMID: 34244461 PMCID: PMC8312442 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common type of brain cancer with poor survival outcomes and unsatisfactory response to current therapeutic strategies. Recent studies have demonstrated that ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) are linked with the occurrence and development of GBM and may become promising biological indicators in GBM therapy. METHODS We systematically assessed the relationship between FRGs expression profiles and prognosis in glioma patients based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) datasets to establish a risk score model according to the gene signature of multiple survival-associated DEGs. Further, the differences between the tumor microenvironment score, immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint expression levels, and drug sensitivity in the high- and low-risk group are analyzed through a variety of algorithms in R software. RESULTS GBM patients were divided into two subgroups (high- and low-risk) according to the established risk score model. Patients in the high-risk group showed significantly reduced overall survival compared with those in the low-risk group. Also, we found that the high-risk group showed higher ImmuneScore and StromalScore, while different subgroups have significant differences in immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint expression levels, and drug sensitivity. In summary, we developed and validated an FRGs risk model, which served as an independent prognostic indicator for GBM. Besides, the two subgroups divided by the model have significant differences, which provides novel insights for further studies as well as the personalized treatment of patients.
Collapse
|
6
|
Ji B, Chen L, Cai Q, Guo Q, Chen Z, He D. Identification of an 8-miRNA signature as a potential prognostic biomarker for glioma. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9943. [PMID: 33062427 PMCID: PMC7528815 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioma is the most common form of primary malignant intracranial tumor. Methods In the current study, miRNA matrix were obtained from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), and then univariate Cox regression analysis and Lasso regression analysis were utilized to select candidate miRNAs and multivariate Cox regression analysis was applied to establish a miRNA signature for predicting overall survival (OS) of glioma. The signature was assessed with the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and validated by data from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Results Eight miRNAs (miR-1246, miR-148a, miR-150, miR-196a, miR-338-3p, miR-342-5p, miR-548h and miR-645) were included in the miRNA signature. The AUC of ROC analysis for 1- and 3-year OS in the CGGA dataset was 0.747 and 0.905, respectively. In the GEO dataset, The AUC for 1- and 3-year was 0.736 and 0.809, respectively. The AUC in both the CGGA and GEO datasets was similar to that based on WHO 2007 classification (0.736 and 0.799) and WHO 2016 classification (0.663 and 0.807). Additionally, Kaplan–Meier plot revealed that high-risk score patients had a poorer clinical outcome. Multivariate Cox regression analysis suggested that the miRNA signature was an independent prognosis-related factor [HR: 6.579, 95% CI [1.227−35.268], p = 0.028]. Conclusion On the whole, in the present study, based on eight miRNAs, a novel prognostic signature was developed for predicting the 1- and 3- year survival rate in glioma. The results may be conducive to predict the precise prognosis of glioma and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. However, further experimental researches of miRNAs are needed to validate the findings of this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baowei Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Lihua Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiao Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhibiao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Du He
- Department of Oncology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
MicroRNA-21-Enriched Exosomes as Epigenetic Regulators in Melanomagenesis and Melanoma Progression: The Impact of Western Lifestyle Factors. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082111. [PMID: 32751207 PMCID: PMC7464294 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA mutation-induced activation of RAS-BRAF-MEK-ERK signaling associated with intermittent or chronic ultraviolet (UV) irradiation cannot exclusively explain the excessive increase of malignant melanoma (MM) incidence since the 1950s. Malignant conversion of a melanocyte to an MM cell and metastatic MM is associated with a steady increase in microRNA-21 (miR-21). At the epigenetic level, miR-21 inhibits key tumor suppressors of the RAS-BRAF signaling pathway enhancing proliferation and MM progression. Increased MM cell levels of miR-21 either result from endogenous upregulation of melanocytic miR-21 expression or by uptake of miR-21-enriched exogenous exosomes. Based on epidemiological data and translational evidence, this review provides deeper insights into environmentally and metabolically induced exosomal miR-21 trafficking beyond UV-irradiation in melanomagenesis and MM progression. Sources of miR-21-enriched exosomes include UV-irradiated keratinocytes, adipocyte-derived exosomes in obesity, airway epithelium-derived exosomes generated by smoking and pollution, diet-related exosomes and inflammation-induced exosomes, which may synergistically increase the exosomal miR-21 burden of the melanocyte, the transformed MM cell and its tumor environment. Several therapeutic agents that suppress MM cell growth and proliferation attenuate miR-21 expression. These include miR-21 antagonists, metformin, kinase inhibitors, beta-blockers, vitamin D, and plant-derived bioactive compounds, which may represent new options for the prevention and treatment of MM.
Collapse
|