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Rochman CM, Kurobe T, Flores I, Teh SJ. Early warning signs of endocrine disruption in adult fish from the ingestion of polyethylene with and without sorbed chemical pollutants from the marine environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 493:656-61. [PMID: 24995635 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 392] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plastic debris is associated with several chemical pollutants known to disrupt the functioning of the endocrine system. To determine if the exposure to plastic debris and associated chemicals promotes endocrine-disrupting effects in fish, we conducted a chronic two-month dietary exposure using Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) and environmentally relevant concentrations of microplastic (<1mm) and associated chemicals. We exposed fish to three treatments: a no-plastic (i.e. negative control), virgin-plastic (i.e. virgin polyethylene pre-production pellets) and marine-plastic treatment (i.e. polyethylene pellets deployed in San Diego Bay, CA for 3 months). Altered gene expression was observed in male fish exposed to the marine-plastic treatment, whereas altered gene expression was observed in female fish exposed to both the marine- and virgin-plastic treatment. Significant down-regulation of choriogenin (Chg H) gene expression was observed in males and significant down-regulation of vitellogenin (Vtg I), Chg H and the estrogen receptor (ERα) gene expression was observed in females. In addition, histological observation revealed abnormal proliferation of germ cells in one male fish from the marine-plastic treatment. Overall, our study suggests that the ingestion of plastic debris at environmentally relevant concentrations may alter endocrine system function in adult fish and warrants further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea M Rochman
- Aquatic Health Program, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Tomofumi Kurobe
- Aquatic Health Program, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Ida Flores
- Aquatic Health Program, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Swee J Teh
- Aquatic Health Program, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Acute 4-nonylphenol toxicity changes the genomic expression profile of marine medaka fish, Oryzias javanicus. Mol Cell Toxicol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-014-0020-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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3
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Yum S, Woo S, Kagami Y, Park HS, Ryu JC. Changes in gene expression profile of medaka with acute toxicity of Arochlor 1260, a polychlorinated biphenyl mixture. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2010; 151:51-6. [PMID: 19703584 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2009.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2009] [Revised: 08/13/2009] [Accepted: 08/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Differential gene expression profiling was performed with a cDNA microarray in the liver tissue of the medaka fish, Oryzias latipes, after exposure to Arochlor 1260, a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixture, which is used as a coolant and insulating fluid for transformers and capacitors and is classified as a persistent organic pollutant. Twenty-six differentially expressed candidate genes were identified. The expression of 12 genes was up-regulated and that of 14 genes was down-regulated. These genes are associated with the cytoskeleton, development, endocrine/reproduction, immunity, metabolism, nucleic acid/protein binding, and signal transduction, or are uncategorized. The transcription of molecular biomarkers known to be involved in endocrine disruption (e.g., vitellogenins, choriogenins, and estrogen receptor alpha) was highly up-regulated. The same tendencies in gene expression changes were observed with real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis, which was conducted to examine 12 selected candidate genes. These genes could be used as molecular biomarkers for biological responses to toxic chemicals, especially endocrine disrupting and carcinogenic chemical contamination in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungshic Yum
- South Sea Environment Research Department, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute, Geoje, Republic of Korea.
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Chen X, Li VWT, Yu RMK, Cheng SH. Choriogenin mRNA as a sensitive molecular biomarker for estrogenic chemicals in developing brackish medaka (Oryzias melastigma). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2008; 71:200-208. [PMID: 18048097 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2007] [Revised: 09/12/2007] [Accepted: 10/03/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Teleost choriogenins, precursors of the inner layer subunits of the egg envelope, are regarded as sensitive biomarkers for estrogenic pollutants. In this study, two full-length cDNAs, omChgH and omChgL, which encode the choriogenin H and L forms, respectively, were isolated from a brackish medaka, Oryzias melastigma. 17beta-Estradiol (E2; 10 microg/L)-dependent expression of omChgH and omChgL was observed starting at embryonic stage 34 and restricted exclusively to the liver. In hatchlings, E2 induction of omChgH was stronger than that of omChgL. Static exposure of adult fish to E2 (0, 1, 10, 100, and 500 ng/L), 17alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2; 0, 1, 10, 100 and 500 ng/L), 4-nonylphenol (NP; 0, 1, 10, 100, and 200 microg/L), and bisphenol A (BPA; 0, 1, 10, 100, and 200 microg/L) in artificial seawater for 7 days resulted in dose-dependent induction of both genes in the liver. In the male livers, the sensitivity of omChgH to these estrogenic compounds was higher than that of omChgL; the lowest-observed-effect concentrations (LOECs) of E2, EE2, NP, and BPA on omChgH were 10 ng/L, 10 ng/L, 100 microg/L and 100 microg/L, respectively, and on omChgL were 100 ng/L, 100 ng/L, 100 microg/L, and 200 microg/L, respectively. All these suggest that omChgH can be used as a highly sensitive biomarker for monitoring estrogenic chemicals in the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Chen
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Centre for Marine Environmental Research and Innovative Technology, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
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Ruggeri B, Ubaldi M, Lourdusamy A, Soverchia L, Ciccocioppo R, Hardiman G, Baker ME, Palermo F, Polzonetti-Magni AM. Variation of the genetic expression pattern after exposure to estradiol-17beta and 4-nonylphenol in male zebrafish (Danio rerio). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2008; 158:138-44. [PMID: 18602103 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2008.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2008] [Revised: 05/15/2008] [Accepted: 05/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
There is much concern about the increasing presence in the environment of synthetic chemicals that are able to disrupt the endocrine system. Among these compounds, 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) is one of the most studied xenoestrogens, due to its widespread accumulation in water sediment and consequent presence in fatty acid of aquatic organisms. Here, we have used a zebrafish microarray representing 16,399 genes to study the effects of 4-NP and estradiol-17beta (E2) in adult male zebrafish in order to elucidate the mechanism of action of 4-NP compared with that of E2. The microarray results showed that both 4-NP and E2 induced a strong expression of vitellogenin (VTG), the sex related precursor of the yolk proteins in oviparous vertebrates. Both treatments induced elevated protein turnover upregulating genes involved in proteolysis and those that are constituents of the ribosome. Many genes regulated by 4-NP and E2 are involved in energy metabolism, oxidative stress defense mechanisms, xenobiotic metabolism, and lipid metabolism. A different pattern of expression in the two treatments was found for genes involved in oxidative stress, since E2 seems to induce the mechanism of detoxification, while 4-NP seems to inhibit this protective mechanism of the cell. Overall, these findings demonstrate that the microarray approach can contribute significantly to the understanding of expression patterns induced by E2 and 4-NP in male zebrafish. The results also demonstrate that 4-NP is able to act through an alternative pattern to that of estradiol-17beta, modulating the expression of the same genes in a different manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ruggeri
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Public Health, University of Camerino, via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy
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Hemmer MJ, Cripe GM, Hemmer BL, Goodman LR, Salinas KA, Fournie JW, Walker CC. Comparison of estrogen-responsive plasma protein biomarkers and reproductive endpoints in sheepshead minnows exposed to 17beta-trenbolone. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2008; 88:128-136. [PMID: 18495259 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2008.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2007] [Revised: 04/02/2008] [Accepted: 04/03/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Protein profiling can be used for detection of biomarkers that can be applied diagnostically to screen chemicals for endocrine modifying activity. In previous studies, mass spectral analysis revealed four peptides (2950.5, 2972.5, 3003.4, 3025.5m/z) in the plasma of estrogen agonist-treated male and gravid female sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus, SHM), which served as distinct estrogenic biomarkers. In this study, a 21-day reproductive assay with adult SHM was conducted to investigate possible dose-related effects of the synthetic androgen, 17beta-trenbolone, on expression of these four estrogen-responsive peptides. In addition, the response of the peptide biomarkers were compared to traditional reproductive endpoints of fecundity, histopathology, secondary sex characteristics, length, weight, hepatosomatic index, female gonadosomatic index and plasma vitellogenin (VTG) levels. Fish were continuously exposed to 0.005, 0.05, and 5.0 microg/l, a solvent control (triethylene glycol, TEG), and a seawater control (SW) using an intermittent flow-through dosing system. Plasma was analyzed for the presence of the four peptide biomarkers by MALDI-TOF MS and VTG protein by quantitative ELISA. Male fish from the trenbolone treatments and controls showed no expression of the four peptide biomarkers or measurable levels of VTG. The estrogen-responsive biomarkers and plasma VTG were constitutively expressed in females from the SW, TEG, 0.005 and 0.05 microg/l exposures. All four peptide biomarkers were significantly reduced (p<0.0002 to p<0.005) at the 5.0 microg/l treatment level which corresponded with significant reductions in fecundity and changes in ovarian morphology. A distinct but non-significant reduction in VTG was also observed in female fish from the 5.0 microg/l treatment. Results of this study suggest application of these estrogen-responsive protein biomarkers may be a cost effective alternative to fecundity measures which are labor intensive and expensive to conduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Hemmer
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA.
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Poynton HC, Wintz H, Vulpe CD. Progress in ecotoxicogenomics for environmental monitoring, mode of action, and toxicant identification. COMPARATIVE TOXICOGENOMICS 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2423(08)00002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Robbens J, van der Ven K, Maras M, Blust R, De Coen W. Ecotoxicological risk assessment using DNA chips and cellular reporters. Trends Biotechnol 2007; 25:460-6. [PMID: 17826854 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2007.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2007] [Revised: 06/30/2007] [Accepted: 08/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Ecotoxicological risk assessment has long been based on (acute) effective concentration and lethal concentration (EC/LC50) endpoints in organisms from different trophic levels. These tests are insufficient adequately to assess the risk associated with many chemical classes. The introduction of advanced molecular techniques is leading to improved risk assessment and is also providing an alternative to the massive use of animal testing. Transcriptional profiling and DNA chips are highly informative and are among the most promising novel techniques for environmental risk assessment. Moreover, information discerned from these chips enables the identification of new discriminative biomarker genes. Based on these biomarker genes, cellular reporters can be constructed. These can be used in a high-throughput set-up and can facilitate ecotoxicological risk assessment significantly. Some important technical and interpretative hurdles still need to be overcome before a full implementation of ecotoxicogenomics in regulatory settings will occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Robbens
- Laboratory for Ecophysiology, Biochemistry and Toxicology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171 B-2020, Antwerp, Belgium.
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Williams TD, Diab AM, George SG, Sabine V, Chipman JK. Gene expression responses of European flounder (Platichthys flesus) to 17-beta estradiol. Toxicol Lett 2006; 168:236-48. [PMID: 17156945 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2006.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2006] [Accepted: 10/09/2006] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Male European flounder (Platichthys flesus) were intraperitoneally injected with 10mg/kg 17-beta estradiol and tissues taken from individuals over a timecourse of 16 days. The GENIPOL P. flesus cDNA microarray was employed to detect hepatic gene expression differences between fish treated with estradiol and saline controls. Known biomarkers of estrogen exposure, choriogenin L and vitellogenins, showed sustained induction over the time-course. Among 175 identified clones showing sustained statistically significant induction or repression, those associated with the Gene Ontology terms mitochondria, amino acid synthesis, ubiquitination and apoptosis were included amongst those induced while those associated with immune function, electron transport, cell signalling and protein phosphorylation were repressed. Thus, we show the gene expression response of an environmentally relevant fish species to a high dose of an estrogenic endocrine disruptor and also report the sequencing of a further 2121 flounder ESTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim D Williams
- School of Biosciences, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
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Li HM, Taira T, Maita C, Ariga H, Iguchi-Ariga SMM. Protection against nonylphenol-induced cell death by DJ-1 in cultured Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) cells. Toxicology 2006; 228:229-38. [PMID: 17034925 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2006.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2006] [Revised: 08/30/2006] [Accepted: 08/30/2006] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) has been used to investigate diverse aspects of toxicology, genetics and developmental biology and to monitor biological changes caused by endocrine disruptors. In this study, we analyzed a medaka homolog of human DJ-1 (meDJ-1) in cultured medaka cells into which nonylphenol (NP) was added. Like human DJ-1, meDJ-1 was found to be oxidized by treatment with H(2)O(2) and its pI was shifted to acidic points. NP was found to induce cell death with kinetics similar to that of H(2)O(2) in cultured medaka OLHE-13 cells. After OLHE-13 cells had been treated with sub-lethal concentrations of H(2)O(2) and NP, production of reactive oxygen species and oxidation of meDJ-1 were observed. meDJ-1 knockdown by short interfering RNA rendered OLHE-13 cells susceptible to H(2)O(2) and NP-induced cell death, suggesting a protective role of DJ-1 against oxidative stress-induced cell death in medaka cells. These results suggest that meDJ-1 is a suitable biomarker for oxidative stress reactions in medaka.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Mei Li
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
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