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Bommarito C, Noè S, Díaz-Morales DM, Lukić I, Hiebenthal C, Rilov G, Guy-Haim T, Wahl M. Co-occurrence of native and invasive macroalgae might be facilitated under global warming. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169087. [PMID: 38056641 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is driving compositional shifts in ecological communities directly by affecting species and indirectly through changes in species interactions. For example, competitive hierarchies can be inversed when competitive dominants are more susceptible to climate change. The brown seaweed Fucus vesiculosus is a foundation species in the Baltic Sea, experiencing novel interactions with the invasive red seaweed Gracilaria vermiculophylla, which is known for its high tolerance to environmental stress. We investigated the direct and interactive effects of warming and co-occurrence of the two algal species on their performance, by applying four climate change-relevant temperature scenarios: 1) cooling ) 2 °C below ambient - representing past conditions), 2) ambient summer temperature (18 °C), 3) IPCC RCP2.6 warming scenario (1 °C above ambient), and 4) RCP8.5 warming (3 °C above ambient) for 30 days and two compositional levels (mono and co-cultured algae) in a fully-crossed design. The RCP8.5 warming scenario increased photosynthesis, respiration, and nutrients' uptake rates of mono- and co-cultured G. vermiculophylla while growth was reduced. An increase in photosynthesis and essential nutrients' uptake and, at the same time, a growth reduction might result from increasing stress and energy demand of G. vermiculophylla under warming. In contrast, the growth of mono-cultured F. vesiculosus significantly increased in the highest warming treatment (+3 °C). The cooling treatment (-2 °C) exerted a slight negative effect only on co-cultured F. vesiculosus photosynthesis, compared to the ambient treatment. Interestingly, at ambient and warming (RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 scenarios) treatments, both F. vesiculosus and G. vermiculophylla appear to benefit from the presence of each other. Our results suggest that short exposure of F. vesiculosus to moderate or severe global warming scenarios may not directly affect or even slightly enhance its performance, while G. vermiculophylla net performance (growth) could be directly hampered by warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bommarito
- Benthic and Experimental Ecology Department, GEOMAR, Helmholtz-Centre for Ocean Research, 24118 Kiel, Germany; ISEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Place Eugene Bataillon, Bat 22, 34095 Montpellier, France.
| | - S Noè
- Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, National Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 8030, 31080 Haifa, Israel; Anton Dohrn Zoological Station, Integrative Marine Ecology Department, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy.
| | - D M Díaz-Morales
- Aquatic Ecology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany.
| | - I Lukić
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - C Hiebenthal
- Benthic and Experimental Ecology Department, GEOMAR, Helmholtz-Centre for Ocean Research, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - G Rilov
- Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, National Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 8030, 31080 Haifa, Israel.
| | - T Guy-Haim
- Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, National Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 8030, 31080 Haifa, Israel.
| | - M Wahl
- Benthic and Experimental Ecology Department, GEOMAR, Helmholtz-Centre for Ocean Research, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
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Leung JYS, Zhang S, Connell SD. Is Ocean Acidification Really a Threat to Marine Calcifiers? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 980+ Studies Spanning Two Decades. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107407. [PMID: 35934837 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification is considered detrimental to marine calcifiers, but mounting contradictory evidence suggests a need to revisit this concept. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to critically re-evaluate the prevailing paradigm of negative effects of ocean acidification on calcifiers. Based on 5153 observations from 985 studies, many calcifiers (e.g., echinoderms, crustaceans, and cephalopods) are found to be tolerant to near-future ocean acidification (pH ≈ 7.8 by the year 2100), but coccolithophores, calcifying algae, and corals appear to be sensitive. Calcifiers are generally more sensitive at the larval stage than adult stage. Over 70% of the observations in growth and calcification are non-negative, implying the acclimation capacity of many calcifiers to ocean acidification. This capacity can be mediated by phenotypic plasticity (e.g., physiological, mineralogical, structural, and molecular adjustments), transgenerational plasticity, increased food availability, or species interactions. The results suggest that the impacts of ocean acidification on calcifiers are less deleterious than initially thought as their adaptability has been underestimated. Therefore, in the forthcoming era of ocean acidification research, it is advocated that studying how marine organisms persist is as important as studying how they perish, and that future hypotheses and experimental designs are not constrained within the paradigm of negative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Y S Leung
- Faculty of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
- Southern Seas Ecology Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Sam Zhang
- Faculty of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Sean D Connell
- Southern Seas Ecology Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
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Effects of Irradiance and Temperature on the Photosynthesis of the Crustose Coralline Algae Pneophyllum fragile (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) in the Coastal Waters of Korea. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse10070851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the photosynthetic characteristics of the crustose coralline alga Pneophyllum fragile (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) according to elevated water temperature and irradiance on the coast of Jeju in 2018. P. fragile was cultured under different temperature (11 °C, 21 °C, 26 °C, and 31 °C) and irradiance (0–1250 μmol photon m−2 s−1) conditions. Oxygen (O2) concentrations at the P. fragile mat–water interface (MWI) were measured using an O2 microsensor. At the MWI, the diffusive boundary layer thicknesses ranged from 200 to 400 μm. The O2 concentrations at the mat surface increased in response to increasing irradiance, and reached 344% air saturation. The maximum photosynthesis capacity (Pmax) and respiration rate in the dark (Rd) at 31 °C were about 3 times higher than those recorded at 11 °C. The compensation irradiance (Ec) and saturation irradiance (Ek) increased with increasing water temperature. The Pmax, Rd, and Ec were statistically correlated with temperature (p < 0.05). The Ek increased up to 833 μmol photon m−2 s−1 at 31 °C and exhibited a strong dependence on irradiance at high temperatures. The adaptability of P. fragile to high temperatures and strong irradiance was distinct from that observed for coralline algae in other temperate waters.
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Cornwall CE, Harvey BP, Comeau S, Cornwall DL, Hall-Spencer JM, Peña V, Wada S, Porzio L. Understanding coralline algal responses to ocean acidification: Meta-analysis and synthesis. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:362-374. [PMID: 34689395 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) is a major threat to the persistence of biogenic reefs throughout the world's ocean. Coralline algae are comprised of high magnesium calcite and have long been considered one of the most susceptible taxa to the negative impacts of OA. We summarize these impacts and explore the causes of variability in coralline algal responses using a review/qualitative assessment of all relevant literature, meta-analysis, quantitative assessment of critical responses, and a discussion of physiological mechanisms and directions for future research. We find that most coralline algae experienced reduced abundance, calcification rates, recruitment rates, and declines in pH within the site of calcification in laboratory experiments simulating OA or at naturally elevated CO2 sites. There were no other consistent physiological responses of coralline algae to simulated OA (e.g., photo-physiology, mineralogy, and survival). Calcification/growth was the most frequently measured parameters in coralline algal OA research, and our meta-analyses revealed greater declines in seawater pH were associated with significant decreases in calcification in adults and similar but nonsignificant trends for juveniles. Adults from the family Mesophyllumaceae also tended to be more robust to OA, though there was insufficient data to test similar trends for juveniles. OA was the dominant driver in the majority of laboratory experiments where other local or global drivers were assessed. The interaction between OA and any other single driver was often additive, though factors that changed pH at the surface of coralline algae (light, water motion, epiphytes) acted antagonistically or synergistically with OA more than any other drivers. With advances in experimental design and methodological techniques, we now understand that the physiology of coralline algal calcification largely dictates their responses to OA. However, significant challenges still remain, including improving the geographic and life-history spread of research effort and a need for holistic assessments of physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher E Cornwall
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Ben P Harvey
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Steeve Comeau
- Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, Sorbonne Université, CNRS-INSU, Villefranche-sur-mer, France
| | - Daniel L Cornwall
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Jason M Hall-Spencer
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda, Shizuoka, Japan
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Viviana Peña
- BioCost Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Coruña, Spain
| | - Shigeki Wada
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Lucia Porzio
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda, Shizuoka, Japan
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Ragazzola F, Marchini A, Adani M, Bordone A, Castelli A, Cerrati G, Kolzenburg R, Langeneck J, di Marzo C, Nannini M, Raiteri G, Romanelli E, Santos M, Vasapollo C, Pipitone C, Lombardi C. An intertidal life: Combined effects of acidification and winter heatwaves on a coralline alga (Ellisolandia elongata) and its associated invertebrate community. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 169:105342. [PMID: 33933902 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In coastal marine ecosystems coralline algae often create biogenic reefs. These calcareous algal reefs affect their associated invertebrate communities via diurnal oscillations in photosynthesis, respiration and calcification processes. Little is known about how these biogenic reefs function and how they will be affected by climate change. We investigated the winter response of a Mediterranean intertidal biogenic reef, Ellissolandia elongata exposed in the laboratory to reduced pH conditions (i.e. ambient pH - 0.3, RCP 8.5) together with an extreme heatwave event (+1.4 °C for 15 days). Response variables considered both the algal physiology (calcification and photosynthetic rates) and community structure of the associated invertebrates (at taxonomic and functional level). The combination of a reduced pH with a heatwave event caused Ellisolandia elongata to significantly increase photosynthetic activity. The high variability of calcification that occurred during simulated night time conditions, indicates that there is not a simple, linear relationship between these two and may indicate that it will be resilient to future conditions of climate change. In contrast, the associated fauna were particularly negatively affected by the heatwave event, which impoverished the communities as opportunistic taxa became dominant. Local increases in oxygen and pH driven by the algae can buffer the microhabitat in the algal fronds, thus favouring the survival of small invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Ragazzola
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Ferry Road, Portsmouth, UK.
| | - Agnese Marchini
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pavia, Via S. Epifanio 14, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mario Adani
- ENEA Research Centre Bologna, Via Martiri di Monte Sole, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Bordone
- ENEA Marine Environment Research Centre, Via Forte Santa Teresa, 19032, Pozzuolo di Lerici (SP), Italy
| | - Alberto Castelli
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Derna 1, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cerrati
- ENEA Marine Environment Research Centre, Via Forte Santa Teresa, 19032, Pozzuolo di Lerici (SP), Italy
| | - Regina Kolzenburg
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Ferry Road, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Joachim Langeneck
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Derna 1, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carlotta di Marzo
- ENEA Marine Environment Research Centre, Via Forte Santa Teresa, 19032, Pozzuolo di Lerici (SP), Italy; Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Derna 1, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Nannini
- ENEA Marine Environment Research Centre, Via Forte Santa Teresa, 19032, Pozzuolo di Lerici (SP), Italy; National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Marine Sciences (ISMAR), Via Forte Santa Teresa, 19032, Pozzuolo di Lerici (SP), Italy
| | - Giancarlo Raiteri
- ENEA Marine Environment Research Centre, Via Forte Santa Teresa, 19032, Pozzuolo di Lerici (SP), Italy
| | - Elisa Romanelli
- ENEA Marine Environment Research Centre, Via Forte Santa Teresa, 19032, Pozzuolo di Lerici (SP), Italy; Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Marine Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Mar Santos
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pavia, Via S. Epifanio 14, Pavia, Italy
| | - Claudio Vasapollo
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies (IRBIM), Largo Fiera della Pesca, 1, Ancona, Italy
| | - Carlo Pipitone
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in Marine Environment (IAS), Lungomare Cristoforo Colombo 4521, 90149, Palermo, Italy
| | - Chiara Lombardi
- ENEA Marine Environment Research Centre, Via Forte Santa Teresa, 19032, Pozzuolo di Lerici (SP), Italy
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