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Gilmour M, Adams J, Block B, Caselle J, Friedlander A, Game E, Hazen E, Holmes N, Lafferty K, Maxwell S, McCauley D, Oleson E, Pollock K, Shaffer S, Wolff N, Wegmann A. Evaluation of MPA designs that protect highly mobile megafauna now and under climate change scenarios. Glob Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Dillon EM, Lafferty KD, McCauley DJ, Bradley D, Norris RD, Caselle JE, DiRenzo GV, Gardner JPA, O'Dea A. Dermal denticle assemblages in coral reef sediments correlate with conventional shark surveys. Methods Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin M. Dillon
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA USA
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Balboa Republic of Panama
| | - Kevin D. Lafferty
- Western Ecological Research Center U.S. Geological Survey, c/o Marine Science InstituteUniversity of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA USA
| | - Douglas J. McCauley
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA USA
- Marine Science Institute University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA USA
| | - Darcy Bradley
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA USA
| | - Richard D. Norris
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California, San Diego La Jolla CA USA
| | - Jennifer E. Caselle
- Marine Science Institute University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA USA
| | - Graziella V. DiRenzo
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA USA
- Department of Ecosystem Sciences and Management The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA
| | | | - Aaron O'Dea
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Balboa Republic of Panama
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences University of Bologna Bologna Italy
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Jouffray JB, Nyström M, Norström AV, Williams ID, Wedding LM, Kittinger JN, Williams GJ. Identifying multiple coral reef regimes and their drivers across the Hawaiian archipelago. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2015; 370:20130268. [PMCID: PMC4247404 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of coral reef resilience can lead to dramatic changes in benthic structure, often called regime shifts, which significantly alter ecosystem processes and functioning. In the face of global change and increasing direct human impacts, there is an urgent need to anticipate and prevent undesirable regime shifts and, conversely, to reverse shifts in already degraded reef systems. Such challenges require a better understanding of the human and natural drivers that support or undermine different reef regimes. The Hawaiian archipelago extends across a wide gradient of natural and anthropogenic conditions and provides us a unique opportunity to investigate the relationships between multiple reef regimes, their dynamics and potential drivers. We applied a combination of exploratory ordination methods and inferential statistics to one of the most comprehensive coral reef datasets available in order to detect, visualize and define potential multiple ecosystem regimes. This study demonstrates the existence of three distinct reef regimes dominated by hard corals, turf algae or macroalgae. Results from boosted regression trees show nonlinear patterns among predictors that help to explain the occurrence of these regimes, and highlight herbivore biomass as the key driver in addition to effluent, latitude and depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Baptiste Jouffray
- Global Economic Dynamics and the Biosphere Academy Programme, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, PO Box 50005, Stockholm 104 05, Sweden
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden
| | - Magnus Nyström
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden
| | - Albert V. Norström
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden
| | - Ivor D. Williams
- Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, 1125B Ala Moana Boulevard, Honolulu, HI 96814, USA
| | - Lisa M. Wedding
- Center for Ocean Solutions, Stanford University, Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, 99 Pacific Street, Suite 555E, Monterey, CA 93940, USA
| | - John N. Kittinger
- Center for Ocean Solutions, Stanford University, Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, 99 Pacific Street, Suite 555E, Monterey, CA 93940, USA
- Conservation International, Betty and Gordon Moore Center for Science and Oceans, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Gareth J. Williams
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gillman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Gardner JPA, Bartz RJ, Brainard RE, Collen JD, Dunbar RB, Garton DW, Powell S. Conservation management options and actions: putative decline of coral cover at Palmyra Atoll, Northern Line Islands, as a case study. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2014; 84:182-190. [PMID: 24889316 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Localised loss of live coral cover at Palmyra Atoll (central Pacific Ocean) has been attributed to increased temperature and/or sedimentation arising from alterations made to the lagoon system. It has been hypothesised that a causeway spanning the lagoon hinders water circulation, resulting in warmer and/or more turbid water flowing towards a site of high coral cover and diversity (Coral Gardens). Analyses of a multi-site and multi-year data set revealed no differences in mean temperature or turbidity values on either side of the causeway and provided no evidence of significantly warmer or more turbid water at Coral Gardens. We conclude that the putative decline in live coral cover cannot be attributed to the presence of the causeway and that proposed management actions involving modification to the causeway cannot achieve the conservation outcomes suggested of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P A Gardner
- Centre for Marine Environmental & Economic Research, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.
| | - R John Bartz
- Department of Environmental Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Russell E Brainard
- Coral Reef Ecosystem Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - John D Collen
- Centre for Marine Environmental & Economic Research, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Robert B Dunbar
- Department of Environmental Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - David W Garton
- School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Sam Powell
- Centre for Marine Environmental & Economic Research, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
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Williams GJ, Smith JE, Conklin EJ, Gove JM, Sala E, Sandin SA. Benthic communities at two remote Pacific coral reefs: effects of reef habitat, depth, and wave energy gradients on spatial patterns. PeerJ 2013; 1:e81. [PMID: 23734341 PMCID: PMC3669270 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Kingman Reef and Palmyra Atoll in the central Pacific are among the most remote coral reefs on the planet. Here we describe spatial patterns in their benthic communities across reef habitats and depths, and consider these in the context of oceanographic gradients. Benthic communities at both locations were dominated by calcifying organisms (54–86% cover), namely hard corals (20–74%) and crustose coralline algae (CCA) (10–36%). While turf algae were relatively common at both locations (8–22%), larger fleshy macroalgae were virtually absent at Kingman (<1%) and rare at Palmyra (0.7–9.3%). Hard coral cover was higher, but with low diversity, in more sheltered habitats such as Palmyra’s backreef and Kingman’s patch reefs. Almost exclusive dominance by slow-growing Porites on Kingman’s patch reefs provides indirect evidence of competitive exclusion, probably late in a successional sequence. In contrast, the more exposed forereef habitats at both Kingman and Palmyra had higher coral diversity and were characterized by fast-growing corals (e.g., Acropora and Pocillopora), indicative of more dynamic environments. In general at both locations, soft coral cover increased with depth, likely reflecting increasingly efficient heterotrophic abilities. CCA and fleshy macroalgae cover decreased with depth, likely due to reduced light. Cover of other calcified macroalgae, predominantly Halimeda, increased with depth. This likely reflects the ability of many calcifying macroalgae to efficiently harvest light at deeper depths, in combination with an increased nutrient supply from upwelling promoting growth. At Palmyra, patterns of hard coral cover with depth were inconsistent, but cover peaked at mid-depths at Kingman. On Kingman’s forereef, benthic community composition was strongly related to wave energy, with hard coral cover decreasing and becoming more spatially clustered with increased wave energy, likely as a result of physical damage leading to patches of coral in localized shelter. In contrast, the cover of turf algae at Kingman was positively related to wave energy, reflecting their ability to rapidly colonize newly available space. No significant patterns with wave energy were observed on Palmyra’s forereef, suggesting that a more detailed model is required to study biophysical coupling there. Kingman, Palmyra, and other remote oceanic reefs provide interesting case studies to explore biophysical influences on benthic ecology and dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth J Williams
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer E Smith
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Jamison M Gove
- Coral Reef Ecosystem Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, USA.,Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Enric Sala
- National Geographic Society, Washington, DC, USA.,Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CSIC), Blanes, Spain
| | - Stuart A Sandin
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Gardner J, Collen J, Dunbar R, Garton D. Commentary on Palmyra atoll. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2011; 62:2876-2879. [PMID: 22075172 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
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