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Falsafi Z, Raofie F, Kazemi H, Ariya PA. Simultaneous extraction and fractionation of petroleum biomarkers from tar balls and crude oils using a two-step sequential supercritical fluid extraction. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 159:111484. [PMID: 32892919 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study a novel sustainable method based on supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) method was developed for simultaneous extraction and fractionation of petroleum biomarkers. We herein proposed a two-step supercritical fluid extraction method for crude oil and tar ball to separate the petroleum biomarkers into aliphatic and aromatic fractions. In the first step, pure scCO2 was used, while scCO2 modified was used as a solvent in the subsequent step. CO2 SFE can serve as an environmental-friendly alternative to common column chromatography method for petroleum biomarker or compositional analysis by GC-MS. The extraction process was shown to be selective, according to the polarity of the solvent, providing fractionation of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. Yet the total extraction procedure in SFE was significantly faster than column chromatography methods (~80 min vs. 8 h). We will discuss the implications of this SFE method as a novel sustainable alternative to the existing extraction techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Falsafi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and pollutants, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
| | - Farhad Raofie
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and pollutants, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983969411, Iran.
| | - Hojjat Kazemi
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran 14857-33111, Iran
| | - Parisa A Ariya
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
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2
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Levine M, Smith BR. Enhanced Characterization of Pyrene Binding in Mixed Cyclodextrin Systems via Fluorescence Spectroscopy. J Fluoresc 2020; 30:1015-1023. [PMID: 32607736 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-020-02572-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Although significant effort has been expended to analyze the binding of pyrene in β-cyclodextrin and γ-cyclodextrin, little has been published on the binding of this guest in β-cyclodextrin derivatives (methyl-β-cyclodextrin and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin) or in mixtures of such derivatives, despite the fact that these derivatives are known to have different supramolecular properties that facilitate unique modes of complexation. Reported herein is a detailed spectroscopic investigation of the binding of pyrene in β-cyclodextrin derivatives and in binary mixtures of cyclodextrins. Py values, defined as the ratio of representative vibronic bands in the fluorescence emission of pyrene, were used to measure changes in the pyrene microenvironment in the presence of the cyclodextrin hosts, and indicated that unmodified β-cyclodextrin is unique in providing a fully hydrophobic environment for pyrene through the use of two cyclodextrins to bind a single pyrene guest. By comparison, both γ-cyclodextrin and modified β-cyclodextrin analogues bind pyrene in a less hydrophobic environment through 1:1 binding stoichiometries that allow for continued interactions between the incompletely encapsulated pyrene guest and the aqueous solvent system. Binary mixtures of cyclodextrins were also explored and reinforce the unique properties of the unmodified β-cyclodextrin host. Graphical Abstract The unique binding geometries of pyrene in beta-cyclodextrin and its derivatives leads to measurable fluorescence emission signals, whose information can be used to elucidate the highly structurally dependent binding geometries and stoichiometries.
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3
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Chaudhuri S, DiScenza DJ, Verderame M, Cromwell B, Levine M. Colorimetric detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using supramolecular cyclodextrin dimer-squaraine constructs. Supramol Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2019.1579332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dana J. DiScenza
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Molly Verderame
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Benjamin Cromwell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Mindy Levine
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
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4
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Fluorescence-Based Detection of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, Xylene, and Cumene (BTEXC) Compounds in Fuel-Contaminated Snow Environments. CHEMOSENSORS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors7010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Reported herein is the sensitive and selective cyclodextrin-promoted fluorescence detection of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, and cumene (BTEXC) fuel components in contaminated snow samples collected from several locations in the state of Rhode Island. This detection method uses cyclodextrin as a supramolecular scaffold to promote analyte-specific, proximity-induced fluorescence modulation of a high-quantum-yield fluorophore, which leads to unique fluorescence responses for each cyclodextrin-analyte-fluorophore combination investigated and enables unique pattern identifiers for each analyte using linear discriminant analysis (LDA). This detection method operates with high levels of sensitivity (sub-micromolar detection limits), selectivity (100% differentiation between structurally similar compounds, such as ortho-, meta-, and para-xylene isomers), and broad applicability (for different snow samples with varying chemical composition, pH, and electrical conductivity). The high selectivity, sensitivity, and broad applicability of this method indicate significant potential in the development of practical detection devices for aromatic toxicants in complex environments.
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5
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa L. Mako
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Joan M. Racicot
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Mindy Levine
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
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6
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DiScenza DJ, Lynch J, Verderame M, Smith MA, Levine M. Cyclodextrin-Promoted Fluorescence Detection of Aromatic Toxicants and Toxicant Metabolites in Commercial Milk Products. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2018; 11:2419-2430. [PMID: 30288206 PMCID: PMC6166478 DOI: 10.1007/s12161-018-1228-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their metabolites in food and in agricultural sources is an important research objective due to the PAHs' known persistence, carcinogenicity, and toxicity. PAHs have been found in the milk of lactating cows, and in the leaves and stems of plants grown in PAH-contaminated areas, thereby making their way into both cow milk and plant milk alternatives. Reported herein is the rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of 10 PAHs and PAH metabolites in a variety of cow milks and plant milk alternatives using fluorescence energy transfer from the PAH to a high quantum yield fluorophore, combined with subsequent array-based statistical analyses of the fluorescence emission signals. This system operates with high sensitivity (low micromolar detection limits), selectivity (100% differentiation even between structurally similar analytes), and general applicability (for both unmodified lipophilic PAHs and highly polar oxidized PAH metabolites, as well as for different cow and plant milk samples). These promising results show significant potential to be translated into solid-state devices for the rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of PAHs and their metabolites in complex, commercial food products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mindy Levine
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881 ; 401-874-4243
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7
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Study on preparation and inclusion behavior of inclusion complexes between β-cyclodextrin derivatives with benzophenone. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-018-0787-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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DiScenza DJ, Lynch J, Miller J, Verderame M, Levine M. Detection of Organochlorine Pesticides in Contaminated Marine Environments via Cyclodextrin-Promoted Fluorescence Modulation. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:8591-8599. [PMID: 30023587 PMCID: PMC6044669 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of practical and robust detection methods for pesticides is an important research objective owing to the known toxicity, carcinogenicity, and environmental persistence of these compounds. Pesticides have been found in bodies of water that are located near areas where pesticides are commonly used and easily spread to beaches, lakes, and rivers; affect the species living in those waterways; and harm humans who come into contact with or eat fish from such water. Reported herein is the rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of four organochlorine pesticides in a variety of water sources across the state of Rhode Island using cyclodextrin-promoted fluorescence detection. This method relies on the ability of cyclodextrin to promote analyte-specific fluorescence modulation of a high quantum yield fluorophore when a pesticide is in close proximity, combined with subsequent array-based statistical analyses of the measurable changes in the emission signals. This system operates with high sensitivity (low micromolar detection limits), selectivity (100% differentiation between structurally similar analytes), and general applicability (for different water samples with varying salinity and pH as well as for different water temperatures).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana J. DiScenza
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Rhode Island, 140
Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode
Island 02881, United
States
| | - Julie Lynch
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Rhode Island, 140
Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode
Island 02881, United
States
| | - Jasmine Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Rhode Island, 140
Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode
Island 02881, United
States
| | - Molly Verderame
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Rhode Island, 140
Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode
Island 02881, United
States
| | - Mindy Levine
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Rhode Island, 140
Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode
Island 02881, United
States
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DiScenza DJ, Lynch J, Verderame M, Serio N, Prignano L, Gareau L, Levine M. Efficient Fluorescence Detection of Aromatic Toxicants and Toxicant Metabolites in Human Breast Milk. Supramol Chem 2017; 30:267-277. [PMID: 30880882 PMCID: PMC6420232 DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2017.1343947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Once chemical contaminants are released into the environment, there are a number of concerns that arise regarding the environmental persistence of the contaminants, their known and suspected toxicities, and their potential disruption to the ecosystem. One class of contaminants that is of continuing concern is polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), persistent organic pollutants that are significant components of oil spills. PAHs have been found in the breast milk of nursing mothers living in oil spill affected regions, and can harm the nursing children. We report herein the sensitive and selective detection of 10 PAHs and PAH metabolites in human breast milk using fluorescence energy transfer from the PAH to a high quantum yield fluorophore, and array-based statistical analyses of the resulting fluorescence responses. This detection system was able to separate and identify the PAHs with 100% success in human breast milk and at concentrations as low as 0.17 μM. These results have significant implications in public health and in the monitoring and mitigation of environmental disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana J. DiScenza
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881
| | - Julie Lynch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881
| | - Molly Verderame
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881
| | - Nicole Serio
- DOE Golden Field Office, Environmental Oversight Office, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401
| | - Lindsey Prignano
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 60 Prescott Street, Worcester, MA 01609
| | - Lauren Gareau
- School of Public Health, Boston University, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Mindy Levine
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881
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10
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DiScenza DJ, Gareau L, Serio N, Roque J, Prignano L, Verderame M, Levine M. Cyclodextrin-Promoted Detection of Aromatic Toxicants and Toxicant Metabolites in Urine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/22297928.2016.1210021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dana J. DiScenza
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 51 Lower College Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Lauren Gareau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 51 Lower College Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Nicole Serio
- Department of Energy, Environmental Oversight Office, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - John Roque
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 51 Lower College Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Lindsey Prignano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 51 Lower College Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Molly Verderame
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 51 Lower College Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Mindy Levine
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 51 Lower College Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
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Serio N, Roque J, Badwal A, Levine M. Rapid and efficient pesticide detection via cyclodextrin-promoted energy transfer. Analyst 2016; 140:7503-7. [PMID: 26436147 DOI: 10.1039/c5an01471a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cyclodextrins facilitate non-covalent fluorescence energy transfer from a variety of pesticides to high quantum-yield fluorophores, resulting in a rapid, sensitive detection scheme for these compounds with detection limits as low as two micromolar. Such a facile detection tool has significant potential applications in agriculture and public health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Serio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 51 Lower College Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - John Roque
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 51 Lower College Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - Andrew Badwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 51 Lower College Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - Mindy Levine
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 51 Lower College Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
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12
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Zhu QY, Zhang QY, Cao J, Cao W, Xu JJ, Peng LQ. Cyclodextrin-assisted liquid-solid extraction for determination of the composition of jujube fruit using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection and quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2016; 213:485-493. [PMID: 27451208 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.06.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel, simple and environmental friendly sample preparation technique based on the use of cyclodextrin has been developed for the extraction of phenolic compounds from jujube samples, the analytes being finally determined by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry was used to characterize the composition of jujube fruit. The present method exhibited higher efficiency for extracting phenolic compositions than Pharmacopoeia heat-reflux approach in term of peak areas. Moreover, compared with traditional ultrasound-assisted extraction, the developed methodology was found without the use of toxic organic solvent, meeting the principles of green chemistry. Validation experiments showed that the proposed method presented good linearity (r(2)>0.9970), satisfactory precision (RSD<7.55%), and high recovery (85.63-105.67%). The limits of detection were from 4.92ng/mL to 142.85ng/mL for eight phenolic compounds. Eventually, the optimized approach was successfully applied to the analysis of jujube fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong-Yao Zhu
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Qian-Yun Zhang
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Jun Cao
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
| | - Wan Cao
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Jing-Jing Xu
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Li-Qing Peng
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana J. DiScenza
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Mindy Levine
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
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14
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DiScenza DJ, Levine M. Selective detection of non-aromatic pesticides via cyclodextrin-promoted fluorescence modulation. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj02357b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of pesticides to a cyclodextrin-fluorophore solution leads to highly specific fluorescence changes that are used for pesticide detection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mindy Levine
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Rhode Island
- Kingston
- USA
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15
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Solvent effects in the extraction and detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from complex oils in complex environments. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-015-0583-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Radaram B, Levine M. Rationally Designed Supramolecular Organic Hosts for Benzo[a]pyrene Binding and Detection. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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