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Coração ACDS, Lopes-Filho EAP, Paranhos RPDR, Paiva PC, De Paula JC. Temporal dynamics of benthic communities in a hypereutrophic bay through functional groups and abiotic variables. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 197:115686. [PMID: 37922757 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the benthic structure of Guanabara Bay's (GB) rocky shores through Functional Diversity (FD) perspective. Over a five-year period, benthic communities were periodically examined using photographic samples from the meso-littoral zone. FD were analysed using the Rao Index of marine macroalgae and benthic invertebrates' functional groups (FGs) and their relationship was investigated through null models, considering temporal, geographical, and environmental variations. The entrance site exhibited exclusive FGs and overlap niches more than expected by chance, while the inner site had a higher frequency of Bacterial Biofilm and predominance of competitive exclusion. Orthophosphate and nitrate showed significant correlations with FGs inside the bay, whereas average irradiance and rainfall were at the entrance. A functional gradient was registered, with higher Rao's Index values at the entrance compared to the inner site, probably due to increased anthropogenic disturbance and abundance of FGs with opportunistic life strategies inside GB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Cunha de Souza Coração
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Instituto de Biociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Biodiversidade Neotropical), Avenida Pasteur, 458, Urca, Rio de Janeiro CEP: 22.290-255, Brazil
| | - Erick Alves Pereira Lopes-Filho
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Botânica), Museu Nacional, Quinta da Boa Vista s/n, Horto Botânico, Rio de Janeiro CEP: 20.940-040, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Pinheiro da Rocha Paranhos
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Cidade Universitária - Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro CEP: 21941-971, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Paiva
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Cidade Universitária - Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro CEP: 21941-971, Brazil
| | - Joel Campos De Paula
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Instituto de Biociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Biodiversidade Neotropical), Avenida Pasteur, 458, Urca, Rio de Janeiro CEP: 22.290-255, Brazil.
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Wallace RB, Gobler CJ. The role of algal blooms and community respiration in controlling the temporal and spatial dynamics of hypoxia and acidification in eutrophic estuaries. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 172:112908. [PMID: 34526266 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
While hypoxia and acidification can be common occurrences in eutrophic coastal zones, the precise, coupled temporal and spatial dynamics of these conditions are poorly described. Here, continuous measurements of water column pH, pCO2, carbonate chemistry, and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations were made from spring through fall across two, temperate eutrophic estuaries, western Long Island Sound (LIS) and Jamaica Bay, NY, USA. Vertical dynamics were resolved using an underway towing profiler and an automated stationary profiling unit. During the study, high rates of respiration in surface and bottom waters (> -0.2 mg O2 L-1 h-1) yielded strongly negative rates of net ecosystem metabolism during the summer (-4 to -8 g O2 m-2 d-1). Ephemeral surface algal blooms caused brief periods (< one week) of basification and supersaturation of DO that were succeeded by longer periods of acidification and hypoxia. In deeper regions, hypoxia (< 2 mg L-1 DO) and acidic water (pH < 7; total scale; pCO2 levels >2000 μatm) that persisted continuously for >40 days in both estuaries was often overlain by water with higher DO and pH. Diurnal vertical profiles demonstrated that oxic surface waters saturated with respect to calcium carbonate and DO during the day transitioned to unsaturated and hypoxic at night. Evidence is presented that, beyond respiration, nitrification in surface water promoted by sewage discharge and oxidation processes in sediments also contribute to acidification in these estuaries. Collectively, this study demonstrates the pervasive, persistent, and dynamic nature of hypoxia and acidification in eutrophic estuaries are likely to shape marine food webs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan B Wallace
- Department of Environmental Studies and Sciences, Adelphi University, Garden City, NY 11530, United States of America; School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Southampton, NY 11968, United States of America.
| | - Christopher J Gobler
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Southampton, NY 11968, United States of America.
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Cotovicz LC, Ribeiro RP, Régis CR, Bernardes M, Sobrinho R, Vidal LO, Tremmel D, Knoppers BA, Abril G. Greenhouse gas emissions (CO 2 and CH 4) and inorganic carbon behavior in an urban highly polluted tropical coastal lagoon (SE, Brazil). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:38173-38192. [PMID: 33723789 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13362-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Increasing eutrophication of coastal waters generates disturbances in greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations and emissions to the atmosphere that are still poorly documented, particularly in the tropics. Here, we investigated the concentrations and diffusive fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) in the urban-dominated Jacarepagua Lagoon Complex (JLC) in Southeastern Brazil. This lagoonal complex receives highly polluted freshwater and shows frequent occurrences of anoxia and hypoxia and dense phytoplankton blooms. Between 2017 and 2018, four spatial surveys were performed (dry and wet conditions), with sampling in the river waters that drain the urban watershed and in the lagoon waters with increasing salinities. Strong oxygen depletion was found in the rivers, associated with extremely high values of partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2; up to 20,417 ppmv) and CH4 concentrations (up to 288,572 nmol L-1). These high GHG concentrations are attributed to organic matter degradation from untreated domestic effluents mediated by aerobic and anaerobic processes, with concomitant production of total alkalinity (TA) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). In the lagoon, GHG concentrations decreased mainly due to dilution with seawater and degassing. In addition, the phytoplankton growth and CH4 oxidation apparently consumed some CO2 and CH4, respectively. TA concentrations showed a marked minimum at salinity of ~20 compared to the two freshwater and marine end members, indicating processes of re-oxidation of inorganic reduced species from the low-salinity region, such as ammonia, iron, and/or sulfides. Diffusive emissions of gases from the entire lagoon ranged from 22 to 48 mmol C m-2 d-1 for CO2 and from 2.2 to 16.5 mmol C m-2 d-1 for CH4. This later value is among the highest documented in coastal waters. In terms of global warming potential (GWP) and CO2 equivalent emissions (CO2-eq), the diffusive emissions of CH4 were higher than those of CO2. These results highlight that highly polluted coastal ecosystems are hotspots of GHG emissions to the atmosphere, which may become increasingly significant in future global carbon budgets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz C Cotovicz
- Programa de Geoquímica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
- Instituto de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Renato P Ribeiro
- Centro Experimental de Monitoramento e Mitigação Ambiental (CEMMA), Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ), Nilópolis, RJ, Brasil
| | | | - Marcelo Bernardes
- Programa de Geoquímica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Sobrinho
- Programa de Geoquímica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luciana Oliveira Vidal
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Daniel Tremmel
- Programa de Geoquímica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Bastiaan A Knoppers
- Programa de Geoquímica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gwenaël Abril
- Programa de Geoquímica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
- Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), UMR 7208, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, IRD, SU, UCN, UA, Paris, France
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García-Troche EM, Morell JM, Meléndez M, Salisbury JE. Carbonate chemistry seasonality in a tropical mangrove lagoon in La Parguera, Puerto Rico. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250069. [PMID: 33951056 PMCID: PMC8099052 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the seasonal carbonate chemistry variability within a semi-enclosed tropical mangrove lagoon in southwestern Puerto Rico. Biweekly measurements of seawater temperature, salinity, total alkalinity (TA), and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) were conducted from 2014 to 2018. We describe the possible mechanisms driving the observed variability by correlating the DIC/TA ratio with pH and Ωarg, suggesting that the mean pH (7.87 ± 0.09) and aragonite saturation state (Ωarg, 2.96 ± 0.47) of the mangrove lagoon negatively affected calcification. The measured pCO2 and DIC/TA ratios indicate that heterotrophic activity was the primary driver for persistent acidification, which reached its maximum expression during the wet season. We conclude that mangrove lagoons with limited seawater exchange and high carbon input will not mitigate ocean acidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick M. García-Troche
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
- Caribbean Coastal Ocean Observing System, NOAA-IOOS, Lajas, Puerto Rico
| | - Julio M. Morell
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
- Caribbean Coastal Ocean Observing System, NOAA-IOOS, Lajas, Puerto Rico
| | - Melissa Meléndez
- School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), University of Hawai’i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawai’i, United States of America
| | - Joseph E. Salisbury
- Ocean Process Analysis Laboratory, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, United States of America
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Spatial Variation in Aragonite Saturation State and the Influencing Factors in Jiaozhou Bay, China. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12030825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Both natural processes and human activities affect seawater calcium carbonate saturation state (Ωarag), while the mechanisms are still far from being clearly understood. This study analysed the seawater surface Ωarag during summer and winter in Jiaozhou Bay (JZB), China, based on two cruises observations performed in January and June 2017. The ranges of Ωarag values were 1.55~2.92 in summer and 1.62~2.15 in winter. Regression analyses were conducted to identify the drivers of the change of Ωarag distribution, and then the relative contributions of temperature, mixing processes and biological processes to the spatial differences in Ωarag were evaluated by introducing the difference between total alkalinity (TA) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) as a proxy for Ωarag. The results showed that biological processes were the main factor affecting the spatial differences in Ωarag, with relative contributions of 70% in summer and 50% in winter. The contributions of temperature (25% in summer and 20% in winter) and the mixing processes (5% in summer and 30% in winter) were lower. The increasing urbanization in offshore areas can further worsen acidification, therefore environmental protection in both offshore and onshore is needed.
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Lajaunie-Salla K, Sottolichio A, Schmidt S, Litrico X, Binet G, Abril G. Future intensification of summer hypoxia in the tidal Garonne River (SW France) simulated by a coupled hydro sedimentary-biogeochemical model. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:31957-31970. [PMID: 30218334 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3035-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Projections for the next 50 years predict a widespread distribution of hypoxic zones in the open and coastal ocean due to environmental and global changes. The Tidal Garonne River (SW France) has already experienced few episodic hypoxic events. However, predicted future climate and demographic changes suggest that summer hypoxia could become more severe and even permanent near the city of Bordeaux in the next few decades. A 3D model, which couples hydrodynamic, sediment transport, and biogeochemical processes, is applied to assess the impact of factors submitted to global and regional climate changes on oxygenation in the turbidity maximum zone (TMZ) of the Tidal Garonne River during low-discharge periods. The model simulates an intensification of summer hypoxia with an increase in temperature, a decrease in river flow or an increase in the local population, but not with sea level rise, which has a negligible impact on dissolved oxygen. Different scenarios were tested by combining these different factors according to the regional projections for 2050 and 2100. All the simulations showed a trend toward a spatial and temporal extension of summer hypoxia that needs to be considered by local water authorities to impose management strategies to protect the ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katixa Lajaunie-Salla
- Laboratoire EPOC, UMR CNRS 5805, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France.
- LyRE, SUEZ Research Center, Bordeaux, France.
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS/INSU, Université de Toulon, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO) UM 110, Marseille, France.
| | - Aldo Sottolichio
- Laboratoire EPOC, UMR CNRS 5805, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Sabine Schmidt
- Laboratoire EPOC, UMR CNRS 5805, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | | | | | - Gwenaël Abril
- Laboratoire EPOC, UMR CNRS 5805, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- Departamento de Geoquímica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
- Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
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