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Ohoro CR, Wepener V. Review of scientific literature on available methods of assessing organochlorine pesticides in the environment. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22142. [PMID: 38045185 PMCID: PMC10692828 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) widely used in agriculture and industry, causing serious health and ecological consequences upon exposure. This review offers a thorough overview of OCPs analysis emphasizing the necessity of ongoing work to enhance the identification and monitoring of these POPs in environmental and human samples. The benefits and drawbacks of the various OCPs analysis techniques including gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), gas chromatography-electron capture detector (GC-ECD), and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) are discussed. Challenges associated with validation and optimization criteria, including accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantitation (LOQ), must be met for a method to be regarded as accurate and reliable. Suitable quality control measures, such as method blanks and procedural blanks, are emphasized. The LOD and LOQ are critical quality control measure for efficient quantification of these compounds, and researchers have explored various techniques for their calculation. Matrix interference, solubility, volatility, and partition coefficient influence OCPs occurrences and are discussed in this review. Validation experiments, as stated by European Commission in document SANTE/11813/2017, showed that the acceptance criteria for method validation of OCP analytes include ≤20 % for high precision, and 70-120 % for recovery. This may ultimately be vital for determining the human health risk effects of exposure to OCP and for formulating sensible environmental and public health regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinemerem Ruth Ohoro
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - Victor Wepener
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
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Donets MM, Tsygankov VY. Organochlorine Compounds in the Amur (Heilong) River Basin (2000-2020): A Review. J Xenobiot 2023; 13:439-462. [PMID: 37606425 PMCID: PMC10443256 DOI: 10.3390/jox13030028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are well-known contaminants that raise serious concerns, even more than 20 years after they were banned. Their worldwide distribution and persistence necessitate continuous monitoring in all components of the environment. The most challenging issues of POP regulation are associated with international water resources because their solutions require international cooperation in environment protection. This review provides data on various POPs (DDT, HCH, endrin, dieldrin, and PCBs) and their concentrations in aquatic organisms inhabiting the Amur River basin, one of the most poorly explored regions of Northeast Asia. Most studies have been conducted in the Songhua River (China), a tributary of the Amur River, which indicates that large inland bodies of water, especially those of international importance, require more extensive research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksim M. Donets
- School of Advanced Engineering Studies, Institute of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Food Systems, Far Eastern Federal University, Ajax 10, Russky Island, Vladivostok 690922, Russia;
- Institute of the World Ocean (School), Far Eastern Federal University, Ajax 10, Russky Island, Vladivostok 690922, Russia
| | - Vasiliy Yu. Tsygankov
- School of Advanced Engineering Studies, Institute of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Food Systems, Far Eastern Federal University, Ajax 10, Russky Island, Vladivostok 690922, Russia;
- Institute of the World Ocean (School), Far Eastern Federal University, Ajax 10, Russky Island, Vladivostok 690922, Russia
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Mironova EK, Donets MM, Gumovskiy AN, Gumovskaya YP, Boyarova MD, Anisimova IY, Koval IP, Tsygankov VY. Organochlorine Pollutants in Human Breast Milk from North of the Far Eastern Region of Russia. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2023; 110:95. [PMID: 37184604 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-023-03732-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The widespread application of pesticides in the territories of the former USSR still exerts negative impacts on their ecological status. In this regard, dedicated programs for monitoring persistent organic pollutants (POP) in humans are implemented in several countries. Our study aimed to assess the accumulation of organic pollutants in breast milk of women residing the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug (CAO). Organochlorine pesticides (OCP) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) concentrations in breast milk samples were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The POP concentrations in the samples varied from 13 ng/g lipid weight (lw) to 620.6 ng/g lw (median 58.3 ng/g lw). An assessment of health risk to infants fed breast milk from CAO women did not show any exceedance of the estimated daily intake (EDI). The results obtained are the indirect evidence of the presence of these compounds in the environment and their negative effects on ecosystems and human health.
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Tsygankov VY, Donets MM, Gumovskiy AN, Khristoforova NK. Temporal trends of persistent organic pollutants biotransport by Pacific salmon in the Northwest Pacific (2008-2018). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 185:114256. [PMID: 36272321 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the biotransport of POPs, including OCPs and PCBs, by Pacific salmon (genus Oncorhynchus) on the northwestern Pacific Ocean. In 2008-2012, the Amur River basin, the eastern Kamchatka, and the mainland coast of the Sea of Okhotsk received the largest amounts of pesticides. In 2018, the transport of OCPs to the Russian northwestern Pacific reached only 1 kg, and the total OCP levels in muscles of fish from this region were significantly lower than in previous years. The average concentration of PCBs for all species under study differed from that of OCPs, with the highest concentration recorded from sockeye salmon. In 2018, pink salmon brought the largest amount of PCBs to the Russian northwestern Pacific. Coastal water pollution has decreased significantly in recent years due to the ban on the use of POPs in the Northwest Pacific (according to the measurements in 2010 and 2018).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliy Yu Tsygankov
- Far Eastern Federal University, 10 Ajax Bay, Russky Island, 690922, Vladivostok, Russia.
| | - Maksim M Donets
- Far Eastern Federal University, 10 Ajax Bay, Russky Island, 690922, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Aleksandr N Gumovskiy
- Far Eastern Federal University, 10 Ajax Bay, Russky Island, 690922, Vladivostok, Russia
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Donets MM, Tsygankov VY, Gumovskiy AN, Gumovskaya YP, Boyarova MD, Kulshova VI, Busarova OY, Litvinenko AV, Khristoforova NK, Lyakh VA. Fish as a risk source for human health: OCPs and PCBs in Pacific salmon. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Donets MM, Tsygankov VY, Gumovskiy AN, Gumovskaya YP, Boyarova MD, Busarova OY, Litvinenko AV, Khristoforova NK. Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Pacific salmon from the Kamchatka Peninsula and Sakhalin Island, Northwest Pacific. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 169:112498. [PMID: 34023584 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to determine levels of POPs (dieldrin, endrin, HCH isomers, DDT metabolites, and PCB congeners) in organs of chum (Oncorhynchus keta), pink (O. gorbuscha), sockeye (O. nerka), masu (O. masou), and Chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha), and to identify the patterns of toxicants' distribution in organisms and the environment of the northwestern Pacific. Principal component factor analysis showed that all the salmon species typically exhibit relationships between the PCB congeners and are characterized by a similar pattern of entry of PCBs 101, 118, and 153. The OCPs levels in the organs of Pacific salmon are decreasing from 2012 to 2018, which suggests the elimination of these toxicants from the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksim M Donets
- Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU), 10 Ajax Bay, Russky Island, Vladivostok 690922, Russia.
| | - Vasiliy Yu Tsygankov
- Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU), 10 Ajax Bay, Russky Island, Vladivostok 690922, Russia
| | - Alexandr N Gumovskiy
- Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU), 10 Ajax Bay, Russky Island, Vladivostok 690922, Russia
| | - Yulia P Gumovskaya
- Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU), 10 Ajax Bay, Russky Island, Vladivostok 690922, Russia
| | - Margarita D Boyarova
- Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU), 10 Ajax Bay, Russky Island, Vladivostok 690922, Russia
| | - Olesya Yu Busarova
- Far Eastern State Technical Fisheries University (FESTU), 52B Lugovaya str., Vladivostok 690087, Russia
| | - Anna V Litvinenko
- Sakhalin State University (SSU), 33 Kommunistichesky ave., Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk 693000, Russia
| | - Nadezhda K Khristoforova
- Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU), 10 Ajax Bay, Russky Island, Vladivostok 690922, Russia; Pacific Geographical Institute of the Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (PGI FEB RAS), 7 Radio str., Vladivostok 690041, Russia
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