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Selena Shen KL, Cheow JJ, Cheung AB, Koh RJR, Koh Xiao Mun A, Lee YN, Lim YZ, Namatame M, Peng E, Vintenbakh V, Lim EX, Wainwright BJ. DNA barcoding continues to identify endangered species of shark sold as food in a globally significant shark fin trade hub. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16647. [PMID: 38188178 PMCID: PMC10771092 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Shark fins are a delicacy consumed throughout Southeast Asia. The life history characteristics of sharks and the challenges associated with regulating fisheries and the fin trade make sharks particularly susceptible to overfishing. Here, we used DNA barcoding techniques to investigate the composition of the shark fin trade in Singapore, a globally significant trade hub. We collected 505 shark fin samples from 25 different local seafood and Traditional Chinese Medicine shops. From this, we identified 27 species of shark, three species are listed as Critically Endangered, four as Endangered and ten as Vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Six species are listed on CITES Appendix II, meaning that trade must be controlled in order to avoid utilization incompatible with their survival. All dried fins collected in this study were sold under the generic term "shark fin"; this vague labelling prevents accurate monitoring of the species involved in the trade, the effective implementation of policy and conservation strategy, and could unwittingly expose consumers to unsafe concentrations of toxic metals. The top five most frequently encountered species in this study are Rhizoprionodon acutus, Carcharhinus falciformis, Galeorhinus galeus, Sphyrna lewini and Sphyrna zygaena. Accurate labelling that indicates the species of shark that a fin came from, along with details of where it was caught, allows consumers to make an informed choice on the products they are consuming. Doing this could facilitate the avoidance of species that are endangered, and similarly the consumer can choose not to purchase species that are documented to contain elevated concentrations of toxic metals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jin Jie Cheow
- Yale-NUS College, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | | | - Yun Ning Lee
- Yale-NUS College, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yan Zhen Lim
- Yale-NUS College, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maya Namatame
- Yale-NUS College, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eileen Peng
- Yale-NUS College, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Elisa X.Y. Lim
- Yale-NUS College, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Benjamin John Wainwright
- Yale-NUS College, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Kakade A, Sharma M, Salama ES, Zhang P, Zhang L, Xing X, Yue J, Song Z, Nan L, Yujun S, Li X. Heavy metals (HMs) pollution in the aquatic environment: Role of probiotics and gut microbiota in HMs remediation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 223:115186. [PMID: 36586709 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The presence of heavy metals (HMs) in aquatic ecosystems is a universal concern due to their tendency to accumulate in aquatic organisms. HMs accumulation has been found to cause toxic effects in aquatic organisms. The common HMs-induced toxicities are growth inhibition, reduced survival, oxidative stress, tissue damage, respiratory problems, and gut microbial dysbiosis. The application of dietary probiotics has been evolving as a potential approach to bind and remove HMs from the gut, which is called "Gut remediation". The toxic effects of HMs in fish, mice, and humans with the potential of probiotics in removing HMs have been discussed previously. However, the toxic effects of HMs and protective strategies of probiotics on the organisms of each trophic level have not been comprehensively reviewed yet. Thus, this review summarizes the toxic effects caused by HMs in the organisms (at each trophic level) of the aquatic food chain, with a special reference to gut microbiota. The potential of bacterial probiotics in toxicity alleviation and their protective strategies to prevent toxicities caused by HMs in them are also explained. The dietary probiotics are capable of removing HMs (50-90%) primarily from the gut of the organisms. Specifically, probiotics have been reported to reduce the absorption of HMs in the intestinal tract via the enhancement of intestinal HM sequestration, detoxification of HMs, changing the expression of metal transporter proteins, and maintaining the gut barrier function. The probiotic is recommended as a novel strategy to minimize aquaculture HMs toxicity and safe human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurva Kakade
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Monika Sharma
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - El-Sayed Salama
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Resources Utilization Technology of Unconventional Water of Gansu Province, Gansu Academy of Membrane Science and Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730020, China
| | - Lihong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Resources Utilization Technology of Unconventional Water of Gansu Province, Gansu Academy of Membrane Science and Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730020, China
| | - Xiaohong Xing
- Key Laboratory for Resources Utilization Technology of Unconventional Water of Gansu Province, Gansu Academy of Membrane Science and Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730020, China
| | - Jianwei Yue
- Key Laboratory for Resources Utilization Technology of Unconventional Water of Gansu Province, Gansu Academy of Membrane Science and Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730020, China
| | - Zhongzhong Song
- Key Laboratory for Resources Utilization Technology of Unconventional Water of Gansu Province, Gansu Academy of Membrane Science and Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730020, China
| | - Lan Nan
- Key Laboratory for Resources Utilization Technology of Unconventional Water of Gansu Province, Gansu Academy of Membrane Science and Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730020, China
| | - Su Yujun
- Key Laboratory for Resources Utilization Technology of Unconventional Water of Gansu Province, Gansu Academy of Membrane Science and Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730020, China
| | - Xiangkai Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
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Vega-Barba C, Páez-Osuna F, Galván-Magaña F, Baró-Camarasa I, Aguilar-Palomino B, Galván-Piña VH, Marmolejo-Rodríguez AJ. Trace elements in the silky shark Carcharhinus falciformis in the Central Pacific Mexican Shelf. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 185:114263. [PMID: 36327932 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) concentrations were determined in muscle, liver and fin of the silky shark (Carcharhinus falciformis) caught in the Central Pacific Mexican Shelf. Liver tissue presented the highest concentrations of Cd (2.83 μg g-1 wet weight (ww)) and Cu (2.34 μg g-1 ww). For muscle and fin, Cu presented the highest concentrations (0.97 and 1.80 μg g-1 ww, respectively). Liver concentrations were influenced by the maturation stages for the three elements. Immature organisms exhibited lower trace element concentrations than adults. No significant differences were found between sexes, except for Cu concentrations in muscle, where adult females present higher levels than adult males. One muscle sample (2.3 %) exceeded the Mexican Legislation for Hg (1.0 μg g-1 ww) and five muscles samples (11.6 %) exceeded the Mexican limit for Cd (0.5 μg g-1 ww). Meat consumption of this species can be a risk to human health if it is ingested regularly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Vega-Barba
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Av. IPN s/n, Col. Playa Palo de Sta. Rita, La Paz, Baja California Sur C.P. 23096, Mexico
| | - Federico Páez-Osuna
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Unidad Académica Mazatlán, P.O. Box 811, Mazatlán 82000, Sinaloa, Mexico; Miembro de El Colegio de Sinaloa, Antonio Rosales 435 pte., Centro Histórico, C.P. 80000 Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Felipe Galván-Magaña
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Av. IPN s/n, Col. Playa Palo de Sta. Rita, La Paz, Baja California Sur C.P. 23096, Mexico
| | - Isis Baró-Camarasa
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Av. IPN s/n, Col. Playa Palo de Sta. Rita, La Paz, Baja California Sur C.P. 23096, Mexico
| | - Bernabé Aguilar-Palomino
- Departamento de Estudios para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Zonas Costeras, Universidad de Guadalajara, Gómez Farías 82, San Patricio-Melaque, Jalisco C.P. 48980, Mexico
| | - Víctor Hugo Galván-Piña
- Departamento de Estudios para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Zonas Costeras, Universidad de Guadalajara, Gómez Farías 82, San Patricio-Melaque, Jalisco C.P. 48980, Mexico
| | - Ana J Marmolejo-Rodríguez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Av. IPN s/n, Col. Playa Palo de Sta. Rita, La Paz, Baja California Sur C.P. 23096, Mexico.
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