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Nunes BZ, Ribeiro VV, Garcia Y, Lourenço RA, Castro ÍB. Chemical contamination affecting filter-feeding bivalves in no-take marine protected areas from Brazil. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 360:121102. [PMID: 38759561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Marine protected areas (MPAs) are zones geographically delimited under pre-defined management goals, seeking to reduce anthropogenic threats to biodiversity. Despite this, in recent years reports of MPAs affected by chemical contamination has grown. Therefore, this study addresses this critical issue assessing legacy and current chemical contamination in filter-feeder bivalves obtained in very restrictive no-take MPAs from Brazil. The detected pollutants encompass polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), linear alkylbenzenes (LABs), and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) like dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDTs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Despite protective measures, bivalves from nine MPAs exhibited high LABs (13.2-1139.0 ng g-1) and DDTs levels (0.1-62.3 ng g-1). PAHs were present in low concentrations (3.1-29.03 ng g-1), as PCBs (0.7-6.4 ng g-1), hexachlorobenzene (0.1-0.2 ng g-1), and Mirex (0.1-0.3 ng g-1). Regardless of the sentinel species, MPAs and management categories, similar accumulation patterns were observed for LABs, DDTs, PAHs, and PCBs. Based on the limits proposed by Oslo Paris Commission, the measured levels of PAHs, PCBs and were below the environmental assessment criteria. Such findings indicate the no biological effects are expected to occur. However, they are higher considering background conditions typically measured in remote or pristine areas and potential simultaneous exposure. Such findings indicate an influence of anthropogenic sources, emphasizing the urgency for monitoring programs guiding strategic management efforts to safeguard these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Zachello Nunes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Oceanologia (PPGO), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (IO-FURG), Rio Grande, Brazil
| | | | - Yonara Garcia
- Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (IMAR-UNIFESP), Santos, Brazil
| | | | - Ítalo Braga Castro
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Oceanologia (PPGO), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (IO-FURG), Rio Grande, Brazil; Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (IMAR-UNIFESP), Santos, Brazil.
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Ribeiro VV, Avelino Soares TM, De-la-Torre GE, Casado-Coy N, Sanz-Lazaro C, Castro ÍB. Microplastics in rocky shore mollusks of different feeding habits: An assessment of sentinel performance. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 346:123571. [PMID: 38373623 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) accumulation in rocky shore organisms has limited knowledge. This study investigated MPs accumulation in filter-feeding oysters, herbivorous limpets and carnivorous snails to assess their performance as sentinel species in the MPs trophic transfer. The samples were obtained along a contamination gradient in the Santos Estuarine System, Brazil. All three studied species showed MPs concentrations related to the contamination gradient, being the oysters the species that showed the highest levels, followed by limpets and snails (average of less and most contaminated sites of 1.06-8.90, 2.28-5.69 and 0.44-2.10 MP g-1, respectively), suggesting that MPs ingestion rates are linked to feeding habits. MPs were mainly polystyrene and polyacetal. The polymer types did not vary among sites nor species. Despite minor differences in percentages and diversity of size, shape, and color classes, the analyzed species were equally able to demonstrate dominance of small, fiber, transparent, black and blue MPs. Thus, oysters, limpets, and snails are proposed as sentinels of MPs in monitoring assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gabriel Enrique De-la-Torre
- Grupo de Investigación de Biodiversidad, Medio Ambiente y Sociedad, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru
| | - Nuria Casado-Coy
- Multidisciplinary Institute for Environmental Studies (MIES), Universidad de Alicante, Spain
| | - Carlos Sanz-Lazaro
- Multidisciplinary Institute for Environmental Studies (MIES), Universidad de Alicante, Spain; Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
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Dos Reis Cavalcante E, Ribeiro VV, Taddei RR, Castro ÍB, Alves MJ. High levels of anthropogenic litter trapped in a mangrove area under the influence of different uses. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 200:116045. [PMID: 38266479 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The contamination of mangroves by anthropogenic litter has increased in recent decades. Notably, Brazil occupies a prominent status within Latin America, boasting the second-largest mangrove areas globally. In Santos-São Vicente Estuarine System (SESS), mangroves coexist with a preeminent port complex and substantial urbanization rates. Nevertheless, the anthropogenic litter occurrence and distribution in this ecosystem remains unknown. This study aimed to comprehensively assess anthropogenic litter across 13 strategically positioned sites in the SESS. The total litter density (Mean ± SD) was 22.84 ± 36.47 (0.00-142.00) items·m-2, putting the SESS among the top four most contaminated mangrove ecosystems worldwide. Residential zones accumulated more litter than uninhabited areas and significant correlation was seen with human modification index. Plastic was the prevalent material (70.4 %), measuring mostly between 2.5 and 30 cm (41.1 %). It is imperative that local authorities adopt comprehensive strategies to mitigate contamination, while also curtailing the litter inputs to the SSES mangrove ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Magno José Alves
- Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
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Mandelli WG, Pestana BM, Choueri RB, Abessa DMS, Braga Castro Í, Buruaem Moreira L. Waterborne Toxicity to Neotropical Invertebrates and Hazard of Cigarette Butt Leachates in Marine Environments. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2024; 43:374-384. [PMID: 37933775 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette butts (CBs) are the most common type of beach litter worldwide and contain a complex mixture of chemicals. Given the recent interest in this emerging problem, it is important to assess the toxicity of CB leachates to a range of species from different regions, sensitivities, and ecological traits. We evaluated the waterborne toxicity of smoked CB to tropical invertebrates. Leachates were prepared in the laboratory and characterized for trace elements (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb), ammonia nitrogen, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Then a set of toxicity tests with marine invertebrates was performed as follows: the brine shrimp Artemia sp. (nontoxic); the amphipod Tiburonella viscana (median lethal concentration [LC50] of 0.038 CB/L); the tanaid Monokalliapseudes schubarti (LC50 of 0.126 CB/L); the copepods Tisbe biminiensis (median effect concentration [EC50] of 0.038 CB/L) and Nitokra sp. (EC50 of 0.009 CB/L); pluteus stage larvae of the sea urchin Echinometra lucunter (EC50 of 0.152 CB/L); the sand dollar Mellita quinquiesperforata (EC50 of 0.054 CB/L); and D-stage larvae of the mussel Perna perna (EC50 of 0.005 CB/L). The predicted no-effect concentration was estimated using species sensitivity distribution, producing a 5th percentile hazard concentration of 0.015 CB/L. This preliminary threshold allowed us to estimate the potential impact of a single CB to 67 L of seawater via leaching, contributing to the advancement of knowledge regarding the contamination, toxicity, and ecological risks of cigarette waste. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:374-384. © 2023 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanessa G Mandelli
- Institute of Marine Science, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz M Pestana
- Institute of Marine Science, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo B Choueri
- Institute of Marine Science, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denis M S Abessa
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, São Vicente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ítalo Braga Castro
- Institute of Marine Science, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Buruaem Moreira
- Institute of Marine Science, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Yan M, Chen X, Xue J, Liu H, Jiang T, Yang J. Copper Stress Causes Shell Morphology Changes in Early Juvenile Anodonta woodiana Based on Geometric-Morphometric Analysis. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2024; 112:28. [PMID: 38281213 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-024-03855-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the morphological characteristics of early juvenile shells of Anodonta woodiana, which were exposed to different concentrations of aqueous copper, were analyzed using 10 landmarks to determine morphological changes in the shells. Morphological changes mainly occurred at the top of the shell and front and back ends of the central axis. Stepwise discriminant analysis proved shape differences among experimental and control groups. The results of this study demonstrate for the first time that environmentally relevant copper concentrations cause stress-related morphological changes in A. woodiana in the vulnerable early juvenile stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Yan
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Xiubao Chen
- Laboratory of Fishery Microchemistry, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Junren Xue
- Laboratory of Fishery Microchemistry, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Laboratory of Fishery Microchemistry, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Laboratory of Fishery Microchemistry, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China.
- Laboratory of Fishery Microchemistry, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China.
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Ribeiro VV, Nobre CR, Moreno BB, Semensatto D, Sanz-Lazaro C, Moreira LB, Castro ÍB. Oysters and mussels as equivalent sentinels of microplastics and natural particles in coastal environments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 874:162468. [PMID: 36858238 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Filter-feeder organisms such as oyster and mussels are exposed to particles like microplastics (MPs). Although widely used to monitor MPs contamination, little is known about their performance as sentinels, which are biological monitors accumulating contaminants without significant adverse effects. This study comparatively evaluated the quantitative and qualitative accumulation of MPs by oysters (Crassostrea brasiliana) and mussels (Perna perna) along a gradient of contamination in a highly urbanized estuarine system of Brazil. In the most contaminated site, both species presented the worst status of nutrition and health, and also one of the highest MPs levels reported for molluscs to date (up to 44.1 particles·g-1). Despite some inter-specific differences, oysters and mussels were suitable and showed an equivalent performance as sentinels, reflecting the gradient condition demonstrated for other contaminants in the region. The similarity in MPs accumulation was also observed for qualitative aspects (polymer composition, sizes, shapes and colors). Particles were mostly <1000 μm, fibrous, colorless and composed by cellulose and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). Thus, despite small variations, the usage of C. brasiliana and P. perna is recommended and provides reliable information for environmental levels of microplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Décio Semensatto
- Laboratory of Integrated Sciences (LabInSciences), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), Diadema, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ítalo Braga Castro
- Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), Santos, Brazil.
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Gouveia N, Oliveira AJLA, Yokota Harayashiki CA, Souza JC, Longo E, Cano NF, Maltez HF, Lourenço RA, Turpo-Huahuasoncco KV, Castro ÍB. Chemical contamination in coastal areas alters shape, resistance and composition of carnivorous gastropod shells. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135926. [PMID: 35934096 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Morphological, structural and compositional alterations in shells of molluscs have been proposed as putative biomarkers of chemical contamination in coastal zones. Despite this, few studies were carried out using top predator gastropods which tend to be more susceptible to contamination exposure. Thus, the present study assessed disturbances on shells of Stramonita brasiliensis considering compression resistance and organic and mineralogical matrix composition, related to morphometric alterations. Results showed reductions in compression resistance and organic matrix content associated with higher contaminated sites. In addition, a predominance of calcite polymorphs was seen in shells obtained in polluted areas. Such outputs were consistent with local contamination levels which may have induced the observed alterations. Thus, changes in mollusc shells showed good performance as potential biomarkers of coastal contamination, being probably observed in other species of carnivorous gastropods around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayara Gouveia
- Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (IMAR-UNIFESP), Santos, Brazil
| | | | | | - Josiane Carneiro Souza
- Centro de Desenvolvimento de Materiais Funcionais (CDMF), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Elson Longo
- Centro de Desenvolvimento de Materiais Funcionais (CDMF), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Nilo F Cano
- Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (IMAR-UNIFESP), Santos, Brazil
| | - Heloisa França Maltez
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael André Lourenço
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo (IO-USP), Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Klinton V Turpo-Huahuasoncco
- Escuela Profesional de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Formales, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa (UNSA), Arequipa, Peru
| | - Ítalo Braga Castro
- Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (IMAR-UNIFESP), Santos, Brazil.
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