1
|
Lu W, Zheng C, Zhang H, Cheng P, Miao S, Wang H, He T, Fan J, Hu Y, Liu H, Jia L, Hao X, Luo Z, Xu J, Jie Q, Yang L. Hedgehog signaling regulates bone homeostasis through orchestrating osteoclast differentiation and osteoclast-osteoblast coupling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:171. [PMID: 37261512 PMCID: PMC11071711 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04821-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Imbalance of bone homeostasis induces bone degenerative diseases such as osteoporosis. Hedgehog (Hh) signaling plays critical roles in regulating the development of limb and joint. However, its unique role in bone homeostasis remained largely unknown. Here, we found that canonical Hh signaling pathway was gradually augmented during osteoclast differentiation. Genetic inactivation of Hh signaling in osteoclasts, using Ctsk-Cre;Smof/f conditional knockout mice, disrupted both osteoclast formation and subsequent osteoclast-osteoblast coupling. Concordantly, either Hh signaling inhibitors or Smo/Gli2 knockdown stunted in vitro osteoclast formation. Mechanistically, Hh signaling positively regulated osteoclast differentiation via transactivation of Traf6 and stabilization of TRAF6 protein. Then, we identified connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) as an Hh-regulatory bone formation-stimulating factor derived from osteoclasts, whose loss played a causative role in osteopenia seen in CKO mice. In line with this, recombinant CTGF exerted mitigating effects against ovariectomy induced bone loss, supporting a potential extension of local rCTGF treatment to osteoporotic diseases. Collectively, our findings firstly demonstrate that Hh signaling, which dictates osteoclast differentiation and osteoclast-osteoblast coupling by regulating TRAF6 and CTGF, is crucial for maintaining bone homeostasis, shedding mechanistic and therapeutic insights into the realm of osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiguang Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongyang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pengzhen Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Pediatric Orthopaedic Hospital, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Research Center for Skeletal Developmental Deformity and Injury Repair, College of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sheng Miao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huanbo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ting He
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yaqian Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - He Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liyuan Jia
- Research Center for Skeletal Developmental Deformity and Injury Repair, College of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xue Hao
- Pediatric Orthopaedic Hospital, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhuojing Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Qiang Jie
- Pediatric Orthopaedic Hospital, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
- Research Center for Skeletal Developmental Deformity and Injury Repair, College of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Pediatric Skeletal Deformity and Injury of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China.
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wu Z, Wang Y, Yan G, Wu C. Eugenol protects chondrocytes and articular cartilage by downregulating the JAK3/STAT4 signaling pathway. J Orthop Res 2023; 41:747-758. [PMID: 35880357 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative bone and joint disease common in middle-aged and elderly people. Currently, there is no satisfactory pharmacological treatment. Eugenol is a phenolic compound that has been shown to exert biological anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic effects in multiple systems and organs of the human body. However, its therapeutic effect on OA is unclear. This study examined the effect of eugenol on OA using an anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) model in mice and its related signaling pathways in interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-stimulated human chondrocytes. A certain concentration of eugenol inhibited the decrease in cell viability induced by IL-1β or carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP). In vitro, eugenol effectively inhibited CCCP-induced chondrocyte apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential changes and inhibited the expressions of ADAMTS4 and MMP13 upregulated by IL-1β. In vivo, ACLT induced destruction of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone of the mouse tibial plateau, while eugenol effectively protected the cartilage and subchondral bone from such damage. At the same time, eugenol reduced the ACLT-induced upregulation of ADAMTS4 and MMP13 and the downregulation of type II collagen (COLII) and aggrecan in the mouse knee cartilage. Eugenol also inhibited the increased expression of cartilage metabolism signaling molecules such as C-telopeptides of COLII (CTX-II) in ACLT-induced mouse serum. Consistent with the specific changes in the messenger RNA chip, eugenol inhibited the phosphorylation of JAK3 and STAT4 induced by IL-1β. Together, these results suggest eugenol as an effective new drug for the prevention and treatment of OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Wu
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqiang Yan
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chengai Wu
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Feng S, Li J, Tian J, Lu S, Zhao Y. Application of Single-Cell and Spatial Omics in Musculoskeletal Disorder Research. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:2271. [PMID: 36768592 PMCID: PMC9917071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders, including fractures, scoliosis, heterotopic ossification, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, disc degeneration, and muscular injury, etc., can occur at any stage of human life. Understanding the occurrence and development mechanism of musculoskeletal disorders, as well as the changes in tissues and cells during therapy, might help us find targeted treatment methods. Single-cell techniques provide excellent tools for studying alterations at the cellular level of disorders. However, the application of these techniques in research on musculoskeletal disorders is still limited. This review summarizes the current single-cell and spatial omics used in musculoskeletal disorders. Cell isolation, experimental methods, and feasible experimental designs for single-cell studies of musculoskeletal system diseases have been reviewed based on tissue characteristics. Then, the paper summarizes the latest findings of single-cell studies in musculoskeletal disorders from three aspects: bone and ossification, joint, and muscle and tendon disorders. Recent discoveries about the cell populations involved in these diseases are highlighted. Furthermore, the therapeutic responses of musculoskeletal disorders, especially single-cell changes after the treatments of implants, stem cell therapies, and drugs are described. Finally, the application potential and future development directions of single-cell and spatial omics in research on musculoskeletal diseases are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Site Feng
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiahao Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jingjing Tian
- Medical Science Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Sheng Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Digital Orthopaedics of Yunnan Provincial, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xiu C, Gong T, Luo N, Ma L, Zhang L, Chen J. Suppressor of fused-restrained Hedgehog signaling in chondrocytes is critical for epiphyseal growth plate maintenance and limb elongation in juvenile mice. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:997838. [PMID: 36120578 PMCID: PMC9479194 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.997838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog (Hh) signaling plays multiple critical roles in regulating chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation during epiphyseal cartilage development. However, it is still unclear whether Hh signaling in chondrocytes is required for growth plate maintenance during juvenile growth, and whether sustained activation of Hh signaling in chondrocytes promotes limb elongation. In this study, we first utilized Hh reporter mice to reveal that Hh signaling was activated in resting and columnar chondrocytes in growth plates of juvenile and adult mice. Next, we genetically modulated Hh signaling by conditionally deleting Smo or Sufu in all or a subpopulation of growth plate chondrocytes, and found that ablation of either Smo or Sufu in chondrocytes of juvenile mice caused premature closure of growth plates and shorter limbs, whereas Osx-Cre-mediated deletion of either of these two genes in prehypertrophic chondrocytes did not lead to obvious growth plate defects, indicating that Hh signaling mainly functions in resting and/or columnar chondrocytes to maintain growth plates at the juvenile stage. At the cellular level, we found that chondrocyte-specific ablation of Smo or Sufu accelerated or suppressed chondrocyte hypertrophy, respectively, whereas both decreased chondrocyte proliferation and survival. Thus, our study provided the first genetic evidence to establish the essential cell-autonomous roles for tightly-regulated Hh signaling in epiphyseal growth plate maintenance and limb elongation during juvenile growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Xiu
- Orthopedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tingting Gong
- Orthopedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Na Luo
- Orthopedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linghui Ma
- Orthopedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Orthopedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Jianquan Chen, ; Lei Zhang,
| | - Jianquan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Orthopedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Jianquan Chen, ; Lei Zhang,
| |
Collapse
|