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Zhong L, Ma S, Wang D, Zhang M, Tian Y, He J, Zhang X, Xu L, Wu C, Dong M, Gou M, Huang X, Tian K. Methylation Levels in the Promoter Region of FHIT and PIAS1 Genes Associated with Mastitis Resistance in Xinjiang Brown Cattle. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1189. [PMID: 37372369 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mastitis causes serious economic losses in the dairy industry, but there are no effective treatments or preventive measures. In this study, the ZRANB3, PIAS1, ACTR3, LPCAT2, MGAT5, and SLC37A2 genes in Xinjiang brown cattle, which are associated with mastitis resistance, were identified using a GWAS. Pyrosequencing analysis showed that the promoter methylation levels of the FHIT and PIAS1 genes in the mastitis group were higher and lower, respectively, than those in the healthy group (65.97 ± 19.82% and 58.00 ± 23.52%). However, the methylation level of the PIAS1 gene promoter region in the mastitis group was lower than that in the healthy group (11.48 ± 4.12% and 12.17 ± 4.25%). Meanwhile, the methylation levels of CpG3, CpG5, CpG8, and CpG15 in the promoter region of the FHIT and PIAS1 genes in the mastitis group were significantly higher than those in the healthy group (p < 0.01), respectively. RT-qPCR showed that the expression levels of the FHIT and PIAS1 genes were significantly higher in the healthy group than those in the mastitis group (p < 0.01). Correlation analysis showed that the promoter methylation level of the FHIT gene was negatively correlated with its expression. Hence, increased methylation in the promoter of the FHIT gene reduces the mastitis resistance in Xinjiang brown cattle. Finally, this study provides a reference for the molecular-marker-assisted selection of mastitis resistance in dairy cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Zhong
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091, China
- Quality Standards Institute of Animal Husbandry, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Shengchao Ma
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Dan Wang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Menghua Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Yuezhen Tian
- Key Laboratory of Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Xinjiang Wool Sheep and Cashmere-Goat, Institute of Animal Science, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Junmin He
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiaoxue Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Lei Xu
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Cuiling Wu
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Mingming Dong
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Murong Gou
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Xixia Huang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Kechuan Tian
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
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Kneppers J, Severson TM, Siefert JC, Schol P, Joosten SEP, Yu IPL, Huang CCF, Morova T, Altıntaş UB, Giambartolomei C, Seo JH, Baca SC, Carneiro I, Emberly E, Pasaniuc B, Jerónimo C, Henrique R, Freedman ML, Wessels LFA, Lack NA, Bergman AM, Zwart W. Extensive androgen receptor enhancer heterogeneity in primary prostate cancers underlies transcriptional diversity and metastatic potential. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7367. [PMID: 36450752 PMCID: PMC9712620 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35135-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgen receptor (AR) drives prostate cancer (PCa) development and progression. AR chromatin binding profiles are highly plastic and form recurrent programmatic changes that differentiate disease stages, subtypes and patient outcomes. While prior studies focused on concordance between patient subgroups, inter-tumor heterogeneity of AR enhancer selectivity remains unexplored. Here we report high levels of AR chromatin binding heterogeneity in human primary prostate tumors, that overlap with heterogeneity observed in healthy prostate epithelium. Such heterogeneity has functional consequences, as somatic mutations converge on commonly-shared AR sites in primary over metastatic tissues. In contrast, less-frequently shared AR sites associate strongly with AR-driven gene expression, while such heterogeneous AR enhancer usage also distinguishes patients' outcome. These findings indicate that epigenetic heterogeneity in primary disease is directly informative for risk of biochemical relapse. Cumulatively, our results illustrate a high level of AR enhancer heterogeneity in primary PCa driving differential expression and clinical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Kneppers
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tesa M Severson
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joseph C Siefert
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter Schol
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stacey E P Joosten
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ivan Pak Lok Yu
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Chia-Chi Flora Huang
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Tunç Morova
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Claudia Giambartolomei
- Central RNA Lab, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Ji-Heui Seo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- The Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - Sylvan C Baca
- The Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - Isa Carneiro
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto and Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eldon Emberly
- Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Bogdan Pasaniuc
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto and Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Henrique
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto and Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Matthew L Freedman
- The Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - Lodewyk F A Wessels
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nathan A Lack
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Koç University Research Centre for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Andries M Bergman
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Division of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Wilbert Zwart
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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3
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Paakinaho V, Palvimo JJ. Genome-wide crosstalk between steroid receptors in breast and prostate cancers. Endocr Relat Cancer 2021; 28:R231-R250. [PMID: 34137734 PMCID: PMC8345902 DOI: 10.1530/erc-21-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Steroid receptors (SRs) constitute an important class of signal-dependent transcription factors (TFs). They regulate a variety of key biological processes and are crucial drug targets in many disease states. In particular, estrogen (ER) and androgen receptors (AR) drive the development and progression of breast and prostate cancer, respectively. Thus, they represent the main specific drug targets in these diseases. Recent evidence has suggested that the crosstalk between signal-dependent TFs is an important step in the reprogramming of chromatin sites; a signal-activated TF can expand or restrict the chromatin binding of another TF. This crosstalk can rewire gene programs and thus alter biological processes and influence the progression of disease. Lately, it has been postulated that there may be an important crosstalk between the AR and the ER with other SRs. Especially, progesterone (PR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) can reprogram chromatin binding of ER and gene programs in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, GR can take the place of AR in antiandrogen-resistant prostate cancer cells. Here, we review the current knowledge of the crosstalk between SRs in breast and prostate cancers. We emphasize how the activity of ER and AR on chromatin can be modulated by other SRs on a genome-wide scale. We also highlight the knowledge gaps in the interplay of SRs and their complex interactions with other signaling pathways and suggest how to experimentally fill in these gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ville Paakinaho
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jorma J Palvimo
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Correspondence should be addressed to J J Palvimo:
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Sang X, Han H, Li T, Lin SX. Mutual regulations and breast cancer cell control by steroidogenic enzymes: Dual sex-hormone receptor modulation upon 17β-HSD7 inhibition. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 193:105411. [PMID: 31207361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Reductive 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (17β-HSDs) and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (11β-HSD2) play crucial roles in respectively regulating steroids and glucocorticoids for the progression of hormone-dependent breast cancer. Most studies focused on the function and individual regulation of these enzymes. However, mutual regulation of these enzymes and the induced modulation on the estrogen and androgen receptors for breast cancer promotion are not yet clear. In this study, MCF-7 and T47D cells were treated with inhibitors of 17β-HSD1, 17β-HSD7, aromatase or steroid sulfatase (STS), then mRNA levels of 17β-HSD7, STS, 11β-HSD 2, estrogen receptors α (ERα) and androgen receptor (AR) were determined by Q-PCR. ER negative cell line MDA-MB-231 was used as a negative control. Our results demonstrate that 17β-HSD7, STS and 11β-HSD2 are all regulated by the same estrogen estradiol via ERα. When the gene of ERα (ESR1) was knocked down, there was no longer significant mutual regulation of these enzymes. Our results demonstrate that important steroidogenic enzymes transcriptionally regulated by ERα, can be mutually closely correlated. Inhibition of one of them can reduce the expression of another, thereby amplifying the role of the inhibition. Furthermore, inhibition of 17β-HSD7 increases the expression of AR gene which is considered as a marker for better prognosis in ER + breast cancer, while maintaining ERα level. Thus, our mechanistic finding provides a base for further improving the endocrine therapy of ER + breast cancer, e.g., for selecting the target steroid enzymes, and for the combined targeting of human 17β-HSD7 and ERα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoye Sang
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology and Oncology, CHU de Quebec-Research Center (CHUL) and Laval University, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec City, Québec G1V4G2, Canada
| | - Hui Han
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology and Oncology, CHU de Quebec-Research Center (CHUL) and Laval University, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec City, Québec G1V4G2, Canada; Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Tang Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology and Oncology, CHU de Quebec-Research Center (CHUL) and Laval University, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec City, Québec G1V4G2, Canada
| | - Sheng-Xiang Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology and Oncology, CHU de Quebec-Research Center (CHUL) and Laval University, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec City, Québec G1V4G2, Canada.
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5
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Rew Y, Du X, Eksterowicz J, Zhou H, Jahchan N, Zhu L, Yan X, Kawai H, McGee LR, Medina JC, Huang T, Chen C, Zavorotinskaya T, Sutimantanapi D, Waszczuk J, Jackson E, Huang E, Ye Q, Fantin VR, Sun D. Discovery of a Potent and Selective Steroidal Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist (ORIC-101). J Med Chem 2018; 61:7767-7784. [PMID: 30091920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) has been linked to therapy resistance across a wide range of cancer types. Preclinical data suggest that antagonists of this nuclear receptor may enhance the activity of anticancer therapy. The first-generation GR antagonist mifepristone is currently undergoing clinical evaluation in various oncology settings. Structure-based modification of mifepristone led to the discovery of ORIC-101 (28), a highly potent steroidal GR antagonist with reduced androgen receptor (AR) agonistic activity amenable for dosing in androgen receptor positive tumors and with improved CYP2C8 and CYP2C9 inhibition profile to minimize drug-drug interaction potential. Unlike mifepristone, 28 could be codosed with chemotherapeutic agents readily metabolized by CYP2C8 such as paclitaxel. Furthermore, 28 demonstrated in vivo antitumor activity by enhancing response to chemotherapy in the GR+ OVCAR5 ovarian cancer xenograft model. Clinical evaluation of safety and therapeutic potential of 28 is underway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosup Rew
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Xiaohui Du
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - John Eksterowicz
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Haiying Zhou
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Nadine Jahchan
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Liusheng Zhu
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Xuelei Yan
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Hiroyuki Kawai
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Lawrence R McGee
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Julio C Medina
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Tom Huang
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Chelsea Chen
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Tatiana Zavorotinskaya
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Dena Sutimantanapi
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Joanna Waszczuk
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Erica Jackson
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Elizabeth Huang
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Qiuping Ye
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Valeria R Fantin
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Daqing Sun
- ORIC Pharmaceuticals , 240 East Grand Avenue, Fl2 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
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6
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du Toit T, Swart AC. Inefficient UGT-conjugation of adrenal 11β-hydroxyandrostenedione metabolites highlights C11-oxy C 19 steroids as the predominant androgens in prostate cancer. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 461:265-276. [PMID: 28939401 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Although the adrenal C19 steroids, androstenedione and testosterone, contribute to prostate cancer (PCa) progression the full complement of adrenal androgens, including the C11-oxy C19 steroids, 11β-hydroxyandrostenedione (11OHA4) and 11β-hydroxytestosterone (11OHT) and their androgenic metabolites, 11keto-testosterone (11KT) and 11keto-dihydrotestosterone (11KDHT) have, to date, not been considered. This study investigated the contribution of 11OHA4 and 11OHT to the pool of active androgens in the prostate. Steroid profiles were determined in LNCaP, C4-2B and VCaP cell models, in PCa tissue, and in plasma focussing on the inactivation, reactivation and glucuronidation of 11OHA4, 11OHT and their downstream products using ultra-performance convergence chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPC2-MS/MS). The C11-oxy C19 steroids were the predominant steroids with the production of 11KT and 11KDHT in prostate cell models identifying 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 activity. Active:inactive steroid ratios indicated efficient inactivation of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and 11KDHT by 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases, while the reactivation of DHT by retinol-like dehydrogenases was greater than the reactivation of 11KDHT. In PCa tissue, inactive C11-oxy C19 steroids ranged from 27 to 30 ng/g, whereas inactive C19 steroids were below 1 ng/g. Steroid glucuronidation was impeded: in VCaP cells, the C11-oxy C19 steroids were unconjugated and the C19 steroids fully conjugated; in C4-2B cells, all steroids were unconjugated, except for DHT of which 50% was conjugated; in LNCaP cells only androsterone, 11KT and 11β-hydroxyandrosterone were unconjugated. In PCa patients' plasma 11KDHT was present only in the unconjugated form, with 11KT also predominantly unconjugated (90-95%). Even though plasma and tissue sample numbers were limited, this study serves to demonstrate the abundance of C11-oxy C19 steroids, with notable differences in their metabolism, dictated by steroidogenic enzymes and hampered conjugation, affecting active androgen levels. Larger cohorts are required to analyse profiles in modulated metabolic pathways, in order to shed light on treatment outcomes. The C11-oxy C19 steroids are involved in PCa, with impeded glucuronidation in PCa ascribing a dominant role to these steroids in disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therina du Toit
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
| | - Amanda C Swart
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa.
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Chanda A, Chan A, Deng L, Kornaga EN, Enwere EK, Morris DG, Bonni S. Identification of the SUMO E3 ligase PIAS1 as a potential survival biomarker in breast cancer. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177639. [PMID: 28493978 PMCID: PMC5426774 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the ultimate cause of breast cancer related mortality. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is thought to play a crucial role in the metastatic potential of breast cancer. Growing evidence has implicated the SUMO E3 ligase PIAS1 in the regulation of EMT in mammary epithelial cells and breast cancer metastasis. However, the relevance of PIAS1 in human cancer and mechanisms by which PIAS1 might regulate breast cancer metastasis remain to be elucidated. Using tissue-microarray analysis (TMA), we report that the protein abundance and subcellular localization of PIAS1 correlate with disease specific overall survival of a cohort of breast cancer patients. In mechanistic studies, we find that PIAS1 acts via sumoylation of the transcriptional regulator SnoN to suppress invasive growth of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell-derived organoids. Our studies thus identify the SUMO E3 ligase PIAS1 as a prognostic biomarker in breast cancer, and suggest a potential role for the PIAS1-SnoN sumoylation pathway in controlling breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Chanda
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Angela Chan
- Translational Laboratories, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lili Deng
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Elizabeth N. Kornaga
- Translational Laboratories, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Emeka K. Enwere
- Translational Laboratories, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Donald G. Morris
- Translational Laboratories, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shirin Bonni
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Naderi A. C1orf64 is a novel androgen receptor target gene and coregulator that interacts with 14-3-3 protein in breast cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:57907-57933. [PMID: 28915724 PMCID: PMC5593696 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the network of genes that are co-expressed with androgen receptor (AR) to discover novel AR targets in breast cancer. Bioinformatics analysis of two datasets from breast cancer cell lines resulted in the identification of an AR-gene signature constituted of 98 genes that highly correlated with AR expression. Notably, C1orf64 showed the highest positive correlation with AR across the datasets with a correlation coefficient (CC) of 0.737. In addition, C1orf64 closely correlated with AR expression in primary and metastatic breast tumors and C1orf64 expression was relatively higher in breast tumors with a lower grade and lobular histology. Furthermore, there is a functional interplay between AR and C1orf64 in breast cancer. In this process, AR activation directly represses C1orf64 transcription and C1orf64, in turn, interacts with AR as a corepressor and negatively regulates the AR-mediated induction of prolactin-induced protein (PIP) and AR reporter activity. Moreover, the corepressor effect of C1orf64 results in a reduction of AR binding to PIP promoter. The other aspect of this interplay involves a cross-talk between AR and estrogen receptor (ER) signaling in which C1orf64 silencing intensifies the AR-mediated down-regulation of ER target gene, progesterone receptor. Therefore, the repression of C1orf64 by AR provides an underlying mechanism for the AR inhibitory effects on ER signaling. To elucidate the biochemical mechanisms of C1orf64 function, this study demonstrates that C1orf64 is a phosphothreonine protein that interacts with the chaperone protein 14-3-3. In summary, C1orf64 is a novel AR coregulator and a 14-3-3 binding partner in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Naderi
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Cancer Biology Program, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, USA
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Malinen M, Niskanen EA, Kaikkonen MU, Palvimo JJ. Crosstalk between androgen and pro-inflammatory signaling remodels androgen receptor and NF-κB cistrome to reprogram the prostate cancer cell transcriptome. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 45:619-630. [PMID: 27672034 PMCID: PMC5314794 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory processes and androgen signaling are critical for the growth of prostate cancer (PC), the most common cancer among males in Western countries. To understand the importance of potential interplay between pro-inflammatory and androgen signaling for gene regulation, we have interrogated the crosstalk between androgen receptor (AR) and NF-κB, a key transcriptional mediator of inflammatory responses, by utilizing genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and global run-on sequencing in PC cells. Co-stimulation of LNCaP cells with androgen and pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFα invoked a transcriptome which was very distinct from that induced by either stimulation alone. The altered transcriptome that included gene programs linked to cell migration and invasiveness was orchestrated by significant remodeling of NF-κB and AR cistrome and enhancer landscape. Although androgen multiplied the NF-κB cistrome and TNFα restrained the AR cistrome, there was no general reciprocal tethering of the AR to the NF-κB on chromatin. Instead, redistribution of FOXA1, PIAS1 and PIAS2 contributed to the exposure of latent NF-κB chromatin-binding sites and masking of AR chromatin-binding sites. Taken together, concomitant androgen and pro-inflammatory signaling significantly remodels especially the NF-κB cistrome, reprogramming the PC cell transcriptome in fashion that may contribute to the progression of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjo Malinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Einari A Niskanen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Minna U Kaikkonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jorma J Palvimo
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The review is targeted at describing the advances in our understanding of androgen actions in the breast over the last 18 months. Androgens are current 'hot topics' in breast cancer because of their potential as therapeutics in situations where we currently do not have good clinical options. This is true for both estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) negative and ERα positive cancers. RECENT FINDINGS The review has focused on examining associations between androgen receptor and patient prognosis and outcomes in different breast cancer subtypes. A logical extension of this is covering the timely topic of the use of androgen-directed therapy in these patients. The principle settings in which this is being considered is in ERα positive cancer with therapeutic resistance to ER-directed therapies and in ERα negative breast cancer that lack current standard targeted therapies. Finally interactions between mutations, and the potential role of androgen in the normal hierarchy of mammary cell differentiation and the relationship of this to cancer, are considered. SUMMARY Androgens are firmly established as important factors across multiple breast cancer subtypes. The future challenge for basic researchers and important development for clinicians is going to be translating this understanding into effective therapeutics for the benefit of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keely M McNamara
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Tohoku University School of Graduate Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Japan
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