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Tang L, Du K, Luo K, Wang L, Hua F. Mitigating bisphenol A-induced apoptosis in KGN cells: the therapeutic role of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 through upregulation of PGC-1α expression and inhibition of the mitochondrial cytochrome c pathway. Hormones (Athens) 2024:10.1007/s42000-024-00539-w. [PMID: 38421590 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-024-00539-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the potential of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2VD3) to mitigate bisphenol A (BPA)-induced apoptosis in human ovarian granulosa KGN cells with the aim of establishing a theoretical foundation for understanding of how vitamin D improved ovarian function in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS The impact of varying concentrations of BPA and 1,25(OH)2VD3 on KGN cell viability was elucidated. It was established that BPA-induced apoptosis in KGN cells. Subsequently, KGN cells underwent pretreatment with 1,25(OH)2VD3, followed by exposure to BPA. The apoptosis rate, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and mitochondrial function of the cells were meticulously assessed, along with the expression levels of genes associated with apoptosis as well as antioxidant and mitochondrial biogenesis. RESULTS BPA induced a notable increase in apoptosis (P < 0.001) and oxidative stress (P < 0.001) in KGN cells, accompanied by a significant reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential (P < 0.001) and severe impairment of mitochondrial function. Following pretreatment of KGN cells with 1,25(OH)2VD3, there was a significant decrease in the apoptosis rate (P = 0.004), coupled with a reduction in ROS production (P = 0.002). Concomitantly, the upregulation of PGC-1α (P = 0.009) and SOD (P = 0.018) was observed, while mRNA expression of BAX (P = 0.011), Cyt c (P = 0.001), Apaf-1 (P = 0.012), caspase-9 (P < 0.001), and caspase-3 (P = 0.011) was downregulated. Notably, the mitigation of mitochondrial damage was evident through restored mitochondrial membrane potential (P < 0.001), as corroborated by electron microscope results. CONCLUSIONS 1,25(OH)2VD3 mitigated BPA-induced damage and apoptosis in KGN cells by upregulating the expression of PGC-1α and impeding the mitochondrial cytochrome c (Cyt c) apoptotic pathway. This study established a novel theoretical foundation for utilizing vitamin D in the treatment of PCOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Tang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Ke Du
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Kaiming Luo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Fei Hua
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China.
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Berry S, Seidler K, Neil J. Vitamin D deficiency and female infertility: A mechanism review examining the role of vitamin D in ovulatory dysfunction as a symptom of polycystic ovary syndrome. J Reprod Immunol 2022; 151:103633. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2022.103633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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di Clemente N, Racine C, Pierre A, Taieb J. Anti-Müllerian Hormone in Female Reproduction. Endocr Rev 2021; 42:753-782. [PMID: 33851994 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnab012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), also called Müllerian inhibiting substance, was shown to be synthesized by the ovary in the 1980s. This article reviews the main findings of the past 20 years on the regulation of the expression of AMH and its specific receptor AMHR2 by granulosa cells, the mechanism of action of AMH, the different roles it plays in the reproductive organs, its clinical utility, and its involvement in the principal pathological conditions affecting women. The findings in respect of regulation tell us that AMH and AMHR2 expression is mainly regulated by bone morphogenetic proteins, gonadotropins, and estrogens. It has now been established that AMH regulates the different steps of folliculogenesis and that it has neuroendocrine effects. On the other hand, the importance of serum AMH as a reliable marker of ovarian reserve and as a useful tool in the prediction of the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and primary ovarian failure has also been acknowledged. Last but not least, a large body of evidence points to the involvement of AMH in the pathogenesis of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie di Clemente
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France.,Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Chrystèle Racine
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France.,Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris-Diderot Université, Paris, France
| | - Alice Pierre
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris-Diderot, CNRS, INSERM, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative UMR 8251, Physiologie de l'Axe Gonadotrope U1133, Paris, France
| | - Joëlle Taieb
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris-Diderot, CNRS, INSERM, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative UMR 8251, Physiologie de l'Axe Gonadotrope U1133, Paris, France
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Nasrin Ferdousy R, Kereilwe O, Kadokawa H. Anti-Müllerian hormone is expressed and secreted by bovine oviductal and endometrial epithelial cells. Anim Sci J 2020; 91:e13456. [PMID: 32926548 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated whether bovine oviducts and endometria produce anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) (for paracrine and autocrine signaling). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting detected AMH expression in oviductal and endometrial specimens. Immunohistochemistry revealed robust AMH expression in the ampulla and isthmus epithelia, and the glandular and luminal endometrial epithelia (caruncular endometria). AMH mRNA (measured by real-time PCR) and protein expression in these layers did not significantly differ among estrous phases in adult Japanese Black (JB) heifers (p > .1). Furthermore, the expression in these layers also did not differ among Holstein cows (93.8 ± 5.8 months old), JB heifers (25.5 ± 0.4 months old), and JB cows (97.9 ± 7.9 months old). We also compared AMH concentrations in the oviduct and uterine horn fluids among the three groups (measured by immunoassays). Interestingly, the AMH concentration in the oviduct fluid, but not in the uterine horn fluid, of Holstein cows was lower than those in JB heifers and cows (p < .05). Therefore, bovine oviducts and endometria express AMH and likely secrete it into the oviduct and uterine fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Onalenna Kereilwe
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Hiroya Kadokawa
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
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Zhu JL, Cai YQ, Long SL, Chen Z, Mo ZC. The role of advanced glycation end products in human infertility. Life Sci 2020; 255:117830. [PMID: 32450172 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are heterogeneous products of the non-enzymatic interaction between proteins and reducing sugars. Numerous studies have shown that AGEs are associated with senescence, diabetes, vascular disease, aging and kidney disease. Infertility has been affected approximately 10 to15% of couples of reproductive ages. AGEs accumulation has been shown to play a crucial role in pathogenesis of infertility-related diseases. The present review provides the generation process, mechanism and pathological significance of AGEs and the novel treatment targeting AGEs for infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ling Zhu
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, University of South China and Yueyang Women & Children's Medical Center, Yueyang 416000, Hunan, China; Institute of Basic Medical Science, Center for Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China; Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Department of Histology and Embryology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Ya-Qin Cai
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Center for Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China; Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Department of Histology and Embryology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Shuang-Lian Long
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, University of South China and Yueyang Women & Children's Medical Center, Yueyang 416000, Hunan, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, University of South China and Yueyang Women & Children's Medical Center, Yueyang 416000, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhong-Cheng Mo
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Center for Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China.
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Gill V, Kumar V, Singh K, Kumar A, Kim JJ. Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) May Be a Striking Link Between Modern Diet and Health. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9120888. [PMID: 31861217 PMCID: PMC6995512 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Maillard reaction is a simple but ubiquitous reaction that occurs both in vivo and ex vivo during the cooking or processing of foods under high-temperature conditions, such as baking, frying, or grilling. Glycation of proteins is a post-translational modification that forms temporary adducts, which, on further crosslinking and rearrangement, form permanent residues known as advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Cooking at high temperature results in various food products having high levels of AGEs. This review underlines the basis of AGE formation and their corresponding deleterious effects on the body. Glycated Maillard products have a direct association with the pathophysiology of some metabolic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2), acute renal failure (ARF), Alzheimer’s disease, dental health, allergies, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The most glycated and structurally abundant protein is collagen, which acts as a marker for diabetes and aging, where decreased levels indicate reduced skin elasticity. In diabetes, high levels of AGEs are associated with carotid thickening, ischemic heart disease, uremic cardiomyopathy, and kidney failure. AGEs also mimic hormones or regulate/modify their receptor mechanisms at the DNA level. In women, a high AGE diet directly correlates with high levels of androgens, anti-Müllerian hormone, insulin, and androstenedione, promoting ovarian dysfunction and/or infertility. Vitamin D3 is well-associated with the pathogenesis of PCOS and modulates steroidogenesis. It also exhibits a protective mechanism against the harmful effects of AGEs. This review elucidates and summarizes the processing of infant formula milk and the associated health hazards. Formulated according to the nutritional requirements of the newborn as a substitute for mother’s milk, formula milk is a rich source of primary adducts, such as carboxy-methyl lysine, which render an infant prone to inflammation, dementia, food allergies, and other diseases. We therefore recommend that understanding this post-translational modification is the key to unlocking the mechanisms and physiology of various metabolic syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidhu Gill
- Central Research Station, Subharti Medical College, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut 250002, India; (V.G.); (K.S.)
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea
- Correspondence: (V.K.); (J.-J.K.); Tel.: +82-53-810-3027 or +82-10-9668-3464 (J.-J.K.); Fax: +82-53-801-3027 (J.-J.K.)
| | - Kritanjali Singh
- Central Research Station, Subharti Medical College, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut 250002, India; (V.G.); (K.S.)
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India;
| | - Jong-Joo Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea
- Correspondence: (V.K.); (J.-J.K.); Tel.: +82-53-810-3027 or +82-10-9668-3464 (J.-J.K.); Fax: +82-53-801-3027 (J.-J.K.)
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Lee TW, Kao YH, Chen YJ, Chao TF, Lee TI. Therapeutic potential of vitamin D in AGE/RAGE-related cardiovascular diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:4103-4115. [PMID: 31250032 PMCID: PMC11105755 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03204-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are among the leading threats to human health. The advanced glycation end product (AGE) and receptor for AGE (RAGE) signaling pathway regulates the pathogenesis of CVDs, through its effects on arterial stiffness, atherosclerosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis, and cytoskeletal function. Targeting the AGE/RAGE pathway is a potential therapeutic strategy for ameliorating CVDs. Vitamin D has several beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. Experimental findings have shown that vitamin D regulates AGE/RAGE signaling and its downstream effects. This article provides a comprehensive review of the mechanistic insights into AGE/RAGE involvement in CVDs and the modulation of the AGE/RAGE signaling pathways by vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Wei Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111 Xinglong Road, Section 3 Wenshan District, Taipei, 11696, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsun Kao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tze-Fan Chao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-I Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111 Xinglong Road, Section 3 Wenshan District, Taipei, 11696, Taiwan.
- Department of General Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Szafarowska M, Dziech E, Kaleta B, Kniotek M, Rogowski A, Segiet-Święcicka A, Jerzak M. Anti-Müllerian hormone level is associated with vitamin D receptor polymorphisms in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019; 36:1281-1289. [PMID: 31089932 PMCID: PMC6602978 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01472-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between polymorphisms (Apa1, Bsm1, Fok1, and Cdx2) in the VDR gene as well as AMH and AMHR2 genes and their influence on AMH and 25(OH)D levels in PCOS women. Study design Seventy-five patients with PCOS and 23 control women were included. Serum AMH and 25(OH)D levels in patients and controls were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Polymorphisms in VDR gene Fok1 C/T (rs2228587), Bsm1 A/G (rs1544410), Apa1 A/C (rs7975232), and Cdx2 A/G (rs11568820) polymorphisms as well as AMH G/T (rs10407022) and AMHR2 A/G (rs2002555) were analyzed using real-time PCR. Results Analysis of the VDR Cdx2 polymorphism showed a significantly higher frequency of the homozygous GG (mutant) genotype in the PCOS group as compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The analysis revealed a statistically significant correlation between the presence of FokI and ApaI polymorphisms and AMH levels in PCOS women (p < 0.05). The presence of mutant genotypes (CT, TT) in the Fok1 and (CA, CC) in the Apa1 polymorphisms were associated with higher AMH level in PCOS women (p < 0.05). No statistically significant correlations between AMH and AMHR2 polymorphisms and AMH level were found. Moreover, there was no correlation between AMH and 25(OH)D levels in the PCOS or in the control group. Conclusion It seems that the elevated AMH level is associated with VDR Fokl and Apal polymorphisms, but not with 25(OH)D levels in PCOS women. Further research is needed to determine the role of VDR polymorphism in AMH level in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Szafarowska
- Department of Gynecology and Oncological Gynecology, Military Institute of Medicine, 128 Szaserow Str, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Edyta Dziech
- Department of Gynecology and Oncological Gynecology, Military Institute of Medicine, 128 Szaserow Str, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Kaleta
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Transplantation Institute, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Kniotek
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Transplantation Institute, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Artur Rogowski
- Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mother and Child Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Segiet-Święcicka
- Chair and Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Jerzak
- Department of Gynecology and Oncological Gynecology, Military Institute of Medicine, 128 Szaserow Str, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland
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