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Bao J, Yang S. ScRNA analysis and ferroptosis-related ceRNA regulatory network investigation in microglia cells at different time points after spinal cord injury. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:701. [PMID: 37726826 PMCID: PMC10507978 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04195-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injuries (SCI) are usually caused by mechanical trauma that leads to serious physical and psychological damage to the patient as well as a huge economic burden to the whole society. The prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of spinal cord injuries have become a major issue for the medical community today due to the enormous social and economic expenditure induced via spinal cord injuries. Therefore, in-depth research into SCI is necessary. Microglia have been shown to be the key player in the immune inflammatory response after spinal cord injury, but the mechanisms of immune regulation at different time points after spinal cord injury remain unclear. To investigate the inflammatory biomarkers associated with microglia at different time points after SCI, we downloaded single-cell RNA sequencing data from mouse spinal cords 3- and 14-days after the injury and identified subpopulations associated with microglia. Further functional enrichment analysis also confirmed that microglia are associated with immune system regulation at different time points and that both can modulate cytokine production. As ferroptosis is a newly identified non-apoptotic programmed cell death, microglia establish a bridge between ferroptosis and CNS inflammation and may play an important role in spinal cord injury. We then screened for genes differentially expressed in microglia during 3- and 14-days after spinal cord injury and associated with iron death, named Stmn1 and Fgfbr1, respectively, and verified that these pivotal genes are closely related to the immune cells. Finally, we also screened for drug fractions associated with these pivotal genes. Our results predict key genes in the immune inflammatory process associated with microglia at different time points after spinal cord injury at the single-cell level and provide a molecular basis for better treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junping Bao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shu Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
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Velasco CD, Santarella-Mellwig R, Schorb M, Gao L, Thorn-Seshold O, Llobet A. Microtubule depolymerization contributes to spontaneous neurotransmitter release in vitro. Commun Biol 2023; 6:488. [PMID: 37147475 PMCID: PMC10163034 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04779-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are key to multiple neuronal functions involving the transport of organelles, however, their relationship to neurotransmitter release is still unresolved. Here, we show that microtubules present in the presynaptic compartment of cholinergic autaptic synapses are dynamic. To investigate how the balance between microtubule growth and shrinkage affects neurotransmission we induced synchronous microtubule depolymerization by photoactivation of the chemical inhibitor SBTub3. The consequence was an increase in spontaneous neurotransmitter release. An analogous effect was obtained by dialyzing the cytosol with Kif18A, a plus-end-directed kinesin with microtubule depolymerizing activity. Kif18A also inhibited the refilling of the readily releasable pool of synaptic vesicles during high frequency stimulation. The action of Kif18A was associated to one order of magnitude increases in the numbers of exo-endocytic pits and endosomes present in the presynaptic terminal. An enhancement of spontaneous neurotransmitter release was also observed when neurons were dialyzed with stathmin-1, a protein with a widespread presence in the nervous system that induces microtubule depolymerization. Taken together, these results support that microtubules restrict spontaneous neurotransmitter release as well as promote the replenishment of the readily releasable pool of synaptic vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia D Velasco
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rachel Santarella-Mellwig
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Schorb
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Oliver Thorn-Seshold
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Artur Llobet
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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Hulme CH, Fuller HR, Riddell J, Shirran SL, Botting CH, Osman A, Wright KT. Investigation of the blood proteome in response to spinal cord injury in rodent models. Spinal Cord 2022; 60:320-325. [PMID: 34601498 PMCID: PMC8989679 DOI: 10.1038/s41393-021-00692-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Explanatory and mechanistic study. OBJECTIVES A better understanding of the 'whole-body' response following spinal cord injury (SCI) is needed to guide future research aimed at developing novel therapeutic interventions and identifying prognostic indicators for SCI. This study aimed to characterise the blood proteome following contusion or complete SCI compared to a sham injury in rat models. SETTING United Kingdom. METHODS Pooled blood samples from one and seven days after a contusion (serum; n = 5) or from 14 days and 112 days post-complete transection SCI (plasma; n = 8) and their sham-injured counterparts were subjected to independent iTRAQ nanoflow liquid chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry proteomic analyses. Pathway analyses of the proteins that were differentially abundant between SCI and their matched sham injured counterparts were completed to indicate biological pathways that may be changed in response to SCI. RESULTS Eleven and 42 proteins were differentially abundant (≥±2.0 FC; p ≤ 0.05) between the contusion SCI and sham injured animals at 24 h and seven days post-injury, respectively. Seven and tweleve proteins were differentially abundant between complete and sham injured rats at 14 and 112 days post-injury, respectively. Acute-phase response signalling and Liver X Receptor/Retinoic X Receptor activation were identified as differentially regulated pathways in both models of SCI. CONCLUSIONS We have utilised longitudinal preclinical SCI models to provide an insight into the blood proteome changes that result following SCI and to highlight a number of biological pathways of interest for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte H Hulme
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK
- Midlands Centre for Spinal Injuries, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, UK
| | - Heidi R Fuller
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK
| | - John Riddell
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sally L Shirran
- BSRC Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, UK
| | - Catherine H Botting
- BSRC Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, UK
| | - Aheed Osman
- Midlands Centre for Spinal Injuries, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, UK
| | - Karina T Wright
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK.
- Midlands Centre for Spinal Injuries, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, UK.
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Gómez‐Gálvez Y, Fuller HR, Synowsky S, Shirran SL, Gates MA. Quantitative proteomic profiling of the rat substantia nigra places glial fibrillary acidic protein at the hub of proteins dysregulated during aging: Implications for idiopathic Parkinson's disease. J Neurosci Res 2020; 98:1417-1432. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Gómez‐Gálvez
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering Keele University Keele UK
- School of Medicine Keele University Keele UK
| | - Heidi R. Fuller
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering Keele University Keele UK
- Wolfson Centre for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital Oswestry UK
| | - Silvia Synowsky
- BSRC Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility University of St Andrews Fife UK
| | - Sally L. Shirran
- BSRC Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility University of St Andrews Fife UK
| | - Monte A. Gates
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering Keele University Keele UK
- School of Medicine Keele University Keele UK
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Milos RI, Jovanov-Milošević N, Mitter C, Bobić-Rasonja M, Pogledic I, Gruber GM, Kasprian G, Brugger PC, Weber M, Judaš M, Prayer D. Developmental dynamics of the periventricular parietal crossroads of growing cortical pathways in the fetal brain - In vivo fetal MRI with histological correlation. Neuroimage 2020; 210:116553. [PMID: 31972277 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The periventricular crossroads have been described as transient structures of the fetal brain where major systems of developing fibers intersect. The triangular parietal crossroad constitutes one major crossroad region. By combining in vivo and post-mortem fetal MRI with histological and immunohistochemical methods, we aimed to characterize these structures. Data from 529 in vivo and 66 post-mortem MRI examinations of fetal brains between gestational weeks (GW) 18-39 were retrospectively reviewed. In each fetus, the area adjacent to the trigone of the lateral ventricles at the exit of the posterior limb of the internal capsule (PLIC) was assessed with respect to signal intensity, size, and shape on T2-weighted images. In addition, by using in vivo diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), the main fiber pathways that intersect in these areas were identified. In order to explain the in vivo features of the parietal crossroads (signal intensity and developmental profile), we analyzed 23 post-mortem fetal human brains, between 16 and 40 GW of age, processed by histological and immunohistochemical methods. The parietal crossroads were triangular-shaped areas with the base in the continuity of the PLIC, adjacent to the germinal matrix and the trigone of the lateral ventricles, with the tip pointing toward the subplate. These areas appeared hyperintense to the subplate, and corresponded to a convergence zone of the developing external capsule, the PLIC, and the fronto-occipital association fibers. They were best detected between GW 25-26, and, at term, they became isointense to the adjacent structures. The immunohistochemical results showed a distinct cellular, fibrillar, and extracellular matrix arrangement in the parietal crossroads, depending on the stage of development, which influenced the MRI features. The parietal crossroads are transient, but important structures in white matter maturation and their damage may be indicative of a poor prognosis for a fetus with regard to neurological development. In addition, impairment of this region may explain the complex neurodevelopmental deficits in preterm infants with periventricular hypoxic/ischemic or inflammatory lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxandra-Iulia Milos
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nataša Jovanov-Milošević
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Christian Mitter
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mihaela Bobić-Rasonja
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Pogledic
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerlinde M Gruber
- Division of Anatomy, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Kasprian
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter C Brugger
- Division of Anatomy, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Weber
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Miloš Judaš
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Daniela Prayer
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Hulme CH, Wilson EL, Fuller HR, Roberts S, Richardson JB, Gallacher P, Peffers MJ, Shirran SL, Botting CH, Wright KT. Two independent proteomic approaches provide a comprehensive analysis of the synovial fluid proteome response to Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation. Arthritis Res Ther 2018; 20:87. [PMID: 29720234 PMCID: PMC5932832 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-018-1573-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) has a failure rate of approximately 20%, but it is yet to be fully understood why. Biomarkers are needed that can pre-operatively predict in which patients it is likely to fail, so that alternative or individualised therapies can be offered. We previously used label-free quantitation (LF) with a dynamic range compression proteomic approach to assess the synovial fluid (SF) of ACI responders and non-responders. However, we were able to identify only a few differentially abundant proteins at baseline. In the present study, we built upon these previous findings by assessing higher-abundance proteins within this SF, providing a more global proteomic analysis on the basis of which more of the biology underlying ACI success or failure can be understood. Methods Isobaric tagging for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) proteomic analysis was used to assess SF from ACI responders (mean Lysholm improvement of 33; n = 14) and non-responders (mean Lysholm decrease of 14; n = 13) at the two stages of surgery (cartilage harvest and chondrocyte implantation). Differentially abundant proteins in iTRAQ and combined iTRAQ and LF datasets were investigated using pathway and network analyses. Results iTRAQ proteomic analysis confirmed our previous finding that there is a marked proteomic shift in response to cartilage harvest (70 and 54 proteins demonstrating ≥ 2.0-fold change and p < 0.05 between stages I and II in responders and non-responders, respectively). Further, it highlighted 28 proteins that were differentially abundant between responders and non-responders to ACI, which were not found in the LF study, 16 of which were altered at baseline. The differential expression of two proteins (complement C1s subcomponent and matrix metalloproteinase 3) was confirmed biochemically. Combination of the iTRAQ and LF proteomic datasets generated in-depth SF proteome information that was used to generate interactome networks representing ACI success or failure. Functional pathways that are dysregulated in ACI non-responders were identified, including acute-phase response signalling. Conclusions Several candidate biomarkers for baseline prediction of ACI outcome were identified. A holistic overview of the SF proteome in responders and non-responders to ACI has been profiled, providing a better understanding of the biological pathways underlying clinical outcome, particularly the differential response to cartilage harvest in non-responders. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13075-018-1573-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte H Hulme
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.,Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, SY10 7AG, UK
| | - Emma L Wilson
- Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, SY10 7AG, UK.,Chester Medical School, Chester University, Chester, CH1 4BJ, UK
| | - Heidi R Fuller
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Sally Roberts
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.,Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, SY10 7AG, UK
| | - James B Richardson
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.,Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, SY10 7AG, UK
| | - Pete Gallacher
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.,Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, SY10 7AG, UK
| | - Mandy J Peffers
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - Sally L Shirran
- BSRC Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Catherine H Botting
- BSRC Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Karina T Wright
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK. .,Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, SY10 7AG, UK.
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Fuller HR, Mandefro B, Shirran SL, Gross AR, Kaus AS, Botting CH, Morris GE, Sareen D. Spinal Muscular Atrophy Patient iPSC-Derived Motor Neurons Have Reduced Expression of Proteins Important in Neuronal Development. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 9:506. [PMID: 26793058 PMCID: PMC4707261 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an inherited neuromuscular disease primarily characterized by degeneration of spinal motor neurons, and caused by reduced levels of the SMN protein. Previous studies to understand the proteomic consequences of reduced SMN have mostly utilized patient fibroblasts and animal models. We have derived human motor neurons from type I SMA and healthy controls by creating their induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Quantitative mass spectrometry of these cells revealed increased expression of 63 proteins in control motor neurons compared to respective fibroblasts, whereas 30 proteins were increased in SMA motor neurons vs. their fibroblasts. Notably, UBA1 was significantly decreased in SMA motor neurons, supporting evidence for ubiquitin pathway defects. Subcellular distribution of UBA1 was predominantly cytoplasmic in SMA motor neurons in contrast to nuclear in control motor neurons; suggestive of neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Many of the proteins that were decreased in SMA motor neurons, including beta III-tubulin and UCHL1, were associated with neurodevelopment and differentiation. These neuron-specific consequences of SMN depletion were not evident in fibroblasts, highlighting the importance of iPSC technology. The proteomic profiles identified here provide a useful resource to explore the molecular consequences of reduced SMN in motor neurons, and for the identification of novel biomarker and therapeutic targets for SMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi R Fuller
- Wolfson Centre for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease, The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic HospitalOswestry, UK; Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele UniversityStaffordshire, UK
| | - Berhan Mandefro
- Board of Governors-Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos Angeles, CA, USA; iPSC Core, The David and Janet Polak Foundation Stem Cell Core LaboratoryLos Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sally L Shirran
- BSRC Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, University of St Andrews Fife, UK
| | - Andrew R Gross
- Board of Governors-Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anjoscha S Kaus
- Board of Governors-Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Catherine H Botting
- BSRC Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, University of St Andrews Fife, UK
| | - Glenn E Morris
- Wolfson Centre for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease, The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic HospitalOswestry, UK; Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele UniversityStaffordshire, UK
| | - Dhruv Sareen
- Board of Governors-Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos Angeles, CA, USA; iPSC Core, The David and Janet Polak Foundation Stem Cell Core LaboratoryLos Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos Angeles, CA, USA
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