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Estrada-Sánchez AM, Rangel-Barajas C, Howe AG, Barton SJ, Mach RH, Luedtke RR, Rebec GV. Selective Activation of D3 Dopamine Receptors Ameliorates DOI-Induced Head Twitching Accompanied by Changes in Corticostriatal Processing. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119300. [PMID: 37298250 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
D3 receptors, a key component of the dopamine system, have emerged as a potential target of therapies to improve motor symptoms across neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric conditions. In the present work, we evaluated the effect of D3 receptor activation on the involuntary head twitches induced by 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI) at behavioral and electrophysiological levels. Mice received an intraperitoneal injection of either a full D3 agonist, WC 44 [4-(2-fluoroethyl)-N-[4-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin 1-yl]butyl]benzamide] or a partial D3 agonist, WW-III-55 [N-(4-(4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)butyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)benzamide] five minutes before the intraperitoneal administration of DOI. Compared to the control group, both D3 agonists delayed the onset of the DOI-induced head-twitch response and reduced the total number and frequency of the head twitches. Moreover, the simultaneous recording of neuronal activity in the motor cortex (M1) and dorsal striatum (DS) indicated that D3 activation led to slight changes in a single unit activity, mainly in DS, and increased its correlated firing in DS or between presumed cortical pyramidal neurons (CPNs) and striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs). Our results confirm the role of D3 receptor activation in controlling DOI-induced involuntary movements and suggest that this effect involves, at least in part, an increase in correlated corticostriatal activity. A further understanding of the underlying mechanisms may provide a suitable target for treating neuropathologies in which involuntary movements occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Estrada-Sánchez
- Program in Neuroscience and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
- División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (IPICYT), Camino a la Presa San José No. 2055, Colonia Lomas 4a Sección, San Luis Potosi C.P. 78216, Mexico
| | - Claudia Rangel-Barajas
- Program in Neuroscience and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Andrew G Howe
- Psychology Department, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Intelligent Systems Laboratory, HRL Laboratories, LLC., Malibu, CA 90265, USA
| | - Scott J Barton
- Program in Neuroscience and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Robert H Mach
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Chemistry Building, 231 S. 34th St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Robert R Luedtke
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - George V Rebec
- Program in Neuroscience and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson's Disease: Pathogenesis and Emerging Treatment Strategies. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233736. [PMID: 36496996 PMCID: PMC9736114 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The most commonly used treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD) is levodopa, prescribed in conjunction with carbidopa. Virtually all patients with PD undergo dopamine replacement therapy using levodopa during the course of the disease's progression. However, despite the fact that levodopa is the "gold standard" in PD treatments and has the ability to significantly alleviate PD symptoms, it comes with side effects in advanced PD. Levodopa replacement therapy remains the current clinical treatment of choice for Parkinson's patients, but approximately 80% of the treated PD patients develop levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) in the advanced stages of the disease. A better understanding of the pathological mechanisms of LID and possible means of improvement would significantly improve the outcome of PD patients, reduce the complexity of medication use, and lower adverse effects, thus, improving the quality of life of patients and prolonging their life cycle. This review assesses the recent advancements in understanding the underlying mechanisms of LID and the therapeutic management options available after the emergence of LID in patients. We summarized the pathogenesis and the new treatments for LID-related PD and concluded that targeting pathways other than the dopaminergic pathway to treat LID has become a new possibility, and, currently, amantadine, drugs targeting 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors, and surgery for PD can target the Parkinson's symptoms caused by LID.
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Voice Tremor and Botulinum Neurotoxin Therapy: A Contemporary Review. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14110773. [PMID: 36356023 PMCID: PMC9698548 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14110773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Voice tremor is a common, yet debilitating symptom for patients suffering from a number of tremor-associated disorders. The key to targeting effective treatments for voice tremor requires a fundamental understanding of the pathophysiology that underpins the tremor mechanism and accurate identification of the disease in affected patients. An updated review of the literature detailing the current understanding of voice tremor (with or without essential tremor), its accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment options was conducted, with a specific focus on the role of botulinum neurotoxin. Judicious patient selection, following detailed characterisation of voice tremor qualities, is essential to optimising treatment outcomes for botulinum neurotoxin therapy, as well as other targeted therapies. Further focused investigation is required to characterise the response to targeted treatment in voice tremor patients and to guide the development of innovative treatment options.
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Bryant MS, Workman CD, Jamal F, Meng H, Jackson GR. Feasibility study: Effect of hand resistance exercise on handwriting in Parkinson's disease and essential tremor. J Hand Ther 2019; 31:29-34. [PMID: 28389133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jht.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A single group, repeated measures design was used. INTRODUCTION Tremor can lead to impaired hand function in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET). Difficulty with handwriting is a common complaint in these patients suffering from hand tremors. The effect of hand resistance exercise on handwriting is unknown. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY To explore the influence of 6 weeks of home-based hand resistance exercise on handwriting in individuals with PD and ET. METHODS Nine individuals with PD and 9 with ET participated in the study. The average age was 65.3 (6.0) years with an average disease duration of 7.8 years. Participants were instructed to perform a home-based, hand and arm resistance exercise program 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Samples of the area of handwriting and maximal grip strength were measured at baseline and after 6 weeks of exercise. The area of the handwriting sample and maximal grip strength measured before and after 6 weeks were compared. RESULTS Mean grip strength of the participants with PD improved after 6 weeks of hand resistance exercise (P = .031), but grip strength did not change in ET (P = .091). The size of the handwriting samples (words and sentences) did not change after exercise in either participants with PD or ET. DISCUSSION Micrographia in patients with PD and macrographia in patients with ET represent complex fine motor skills. More research is needed to understand what therapies could be effective in modifying the size and quality of handwriting. CONCLUSIONS The purpose of this feasibility study was to explore the influence of home-based wrist resistance exercise on handwriting in individuals with PD and ET. Despite small gains in grip strength, the size of the handwriting samples (words and sentences) did not change for patients with PD or ET following a 6-week home-based hand resistance exercise program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mon S Bryant
- Research Service, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Craig D Workman
- Research Service, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fariha Jamal
- Parkinson's Disease Research Education and Clinical Center, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hao Meng
- Research Service, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - George R Jackson
- Parkinson's Disease Research Education and Clinical Center, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Maryn Y, Leblans M, Zarowski A, Barkmeier-Kraemer J. Objective Acoustic Quantification of Perceived Voice Tremor Severity. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2019; 62:3689-3705. [PMID: 31619112 DOI: 10.1044/2019_jslhr-s-19-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose This study compared auditory-perceptual measures of presence/absence and severity of vocal tremor to acoustic markers of vocal tremor. The validity (both concurrent and diagnostic) of various acoustic markers of vocal tremor was also assessed. Method Fifty-six midvowel sustained [a:] recordings were selected to yield a representative convenience sample of vocal tremor. After training with 10 synthesized samples, 4 female audiologists rated these samples on "voice tremor severity" on a continuous 10-cm scale. Afterward, 15 randomly selected recordings were presented a 2nd time for intrarater reliability assessment. Customized audio signal processing in Praat yielded 12 acoustic measures of rate, extent and perturbation of fundamental frequency (f 0), and intensity level (IL) modulation. Enter-type multiple linear regression analysis was applied to weight and combine these acoustic variables into an acoustic model of vocal tremor severity. Results After removing the vocal tremor severity ratings of 1 of the audiologists because of insufficient intra- and interrater reliability, mean single-measures consistency-type intraclass correlation coefficients equaled .83 within raters and .72 between raters. Correlation between mean ratings and the 12 acoustic markers ranged from .76 for median extent of f 0 modulation to .11 for rate of IL modulation. Correlation between mean ratings and the acoustic model was .89. Analysis of this model's receiver operating characteristics yielded an area under receiver operating characteristic curve of .93, denoting sensitivity of .87 and specificity of .91. Conclusions This study demonstrated that auditory-perceptual ratings of vocal tremor severity are guided primarily by f 0 and IL modulation extent, less by modulation perturbation, and least by modulation rate. The acoustic model covering all these modulation properties yielded acceptable results in terms of both concurrent and diagnostic validity. However, external cross-validation of this model is warranted before applying it in clinical voice/speech assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youri Maryn
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, European Institute for ORL-HNS, GZA Sint-Augustinus, Wilrijk, Belgium
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Ghent, Belgium
- Faculty of Education, Health & Social Work, University College Ghent, Belgium
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, School of Logopedics, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
- Phonanium, Lokeren, Belgium
| | - Marc Leblans
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, European Institute for ORL-HNS, GZA Sint-Augustinus, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Andrzej Zarowski
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, European Institute for ORL-HNS, GZA Sint-Augustinus, Wilrijk, Belgium
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Receptor Ligands as Helping Hands to L-DOPA in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9040142. [PMID: 30970612 PMCID: PMC6523988 DOI: 10.3390/biom9040142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Levodopa (LD) is the most effective drug in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, although it represents the “gold standard” of PD therapy, LD can cause side effects, including gastrointestinal and cardiovascular symptoms as well as transient elevated liver enzyme levels. Moreover, LD therapy leads to LD-induced dyskinesia (LID), a disabling motor complication that represents a major challenge for the clinical neurologist. Due to the many limitations associated with LD therapeutic use, other dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic drugs are being developed to optimize the treatment response. This review focuses on recent investigations about non-dopaminergic central nervous system (CNS) receptor ligands that have been identified to have therapeutic potential for the treatment of motor and non-motor symptoms of PD. In a different way, such agents may contribute to extending LD response and/or ameliorate LD-induced side effects.
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Abstract
The diagnosis of Parkinson disease (PD) is based on the presence of bradykinesia and either resting tremor or rigidity and there should be no features from the history or examination to suggest an alternative cause of parkinsonism. In addition to the motor manifestations of PD, there is a long list of nonmotor symptoms, several of which occur before motor signs and are considered "prodromal" PD. These are classified as neuropsychiatric, autonomic, sleep, and sensory. There are many medical options for the treatment of PD but levodopa remains the mainstay. Deep brain stimulation and other advanced therapies are also available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen G Reich
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 110 South Paca Street, 3rd Floor, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Joseph M Savitt
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 110 South Paca Street, 3rd Floor, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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