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Lynch EEM, Clayton EH, Holman BWB, Hopkins DL, Polkinghorne RJ, Campbell MA. Canola meal as a supplement for grass-fed beef cattle: Effects on growth rates, carcase and meat quality, and consumer sensory evaluations. Meat Sci 2024; 207:109363. [PMID: 37866236 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The current study examined the growth rates, carcase characteristics, meat quality, and consumer sensory evaluation of the longissimus lumborum muscle (striploin) from steers that were supplemented with either canola meal or grain-based pellets. Forty Angus and Hereford × Angus steers received one of these two supplements with ad libitum lucerne hay for 60 d prior to slaughter. Average daily weight gain was not affected by dietary treatment; however, hot standard carcase weight was significantly lower for steers offered canola meal compared with steers on the grain-based pellets. Dietary treatment did not affect the carcase characteristics, meat quality traits, and consumer sensory evaluation, irrespective of ageing periods. Therefore, canola meal can be used as an approved Pasturefed Cattle Assurance System (PCAS) supplement on moderate dry quality forages without negatively affecting carcase and meat quality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma E M Lynch
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales 2650, Australia; School of Environmental and Rural Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2350, Australia.
| | - Edward H Clayton
- Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales 2650, Australia
| | - Benjamin W B Holman
- Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales 2650, Australia
| | | | | | - Michael A Campbell
- Legendairy Beef Pty Ltd, 2400 Yaven Creek Road, Adelong, New South Wales 2729, Australia
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2
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Pouzo LB, Ceconi I, Davies P, Méndez D, Ortiz Miranda SG, Testa ML, Pavan E. Animal performance and meat quality characteristics from feedlot-finished steers fed increasing levels of wet distillers grain. Meat Sci 2023; 204:109214. [PMID: 37285637 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
One hundred forty-four steers were group-housed in 24 pens that were randomly assigned to one of four dietary treatments defined by the proportion of wet distiller grain plus solubles (WDGS; 0, 15, 30, or 45%) and fed for 84 d pre-slaughter. Animal performance was evaluated using the pen as the experimental unit. Whereas for carcass and meat quality characteristics, meat oxidative stability, and the consumer sensory quality of longissimus thoracis muscle one animal from each pen was randomly selected and used as the experimental unit. No differences (P > 0.05) were observed for subcutaneous fat thickness, rib eye area, marbling score or pH, color parameters, proximate composition, sarcomere length, Warner Bratzler shear force, and cooking loss. Feeding WDGS linearly increased total PUFA (P = 0.05), C18:2 n-6 (P = 0.004) proportions, and n-6/n-3 ratio (P < 0.01) but reduced C16:1 to C18:0 ratio (P < 0.01). Lipid oxidation was greater in beef from steers fed 30% and 45% WDGS (P = 0.05). Dietary WDGS linearly improved (P < 0.05) flavor and overall linking score in the consumer sensory panel.
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Affiliation(s)
- L B Pouzo
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, Balcarce, Bs. As., Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Balcarce, Bs. As., Argentina
| | - I Ceconi
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Gral, Villegas, Gral. Villegas, Bs. As., Argentina
| | - P Davies
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Gral, Villegas, Gral. Villegas, Bs. As., Argentina
| | - D Méndez
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Gral, Villegas, Gral. Villegas, Bs. As., Argentina
| | - S G Ortiz Miranda
- Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Balcarce, Bs. As., Argentina
| | - M L Testa
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, Balcarce, Bs. As., Argentina
| | - E Pavan
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, Balcarce, Bs. As., Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Balcarce, Bs. As., Argentina; Clemson University, Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, Clemson, SC, United States of America.
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3
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Werle CH, Faccenda A, de Avila AS, Anschau FA, Almeida ARE, Eckstein EI, Schneider CR, Zambom MA. Performance and milk composition of Holstein cows fed increasing levels of dried distillers’ grains with solubles. Livest Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2022.104987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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4
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Salim A, Ferrari R, Monteiro M, Mano S. Effect of different feeding systems on color of longissimus muscle from Bos cattle: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Meat Sci 2022; 192:108871. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.108871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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5
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Merayo M, Pighin D, Cunzolo S, Grigioni G. Is beef quality affected by the inclusion of distiller grains in cattle diets? Anim Sci J 2022; 93:e13761. [PMID: 35959958 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the effect of including increasing levels of distiller grains (DG) in beef cattle feeding diets on meat quality from an integral approach. To this end, we analyzed the meat from 36 yearling steers fed with four dietary treatments: 0DG (control corn-based diet), 15DG, 30DG, and 45DG (containing 15%, 30%, or 45% of DG on DM basis). Crude protein, ash, and fat contents of diets increased with DG level. The fatty acid profile of DG diets was reflected in the fatty acid profile of plasma samples. Feeding diets with DG had no effect on the biochemical parameters analyzed in plasma. In addition, it did not influence the water holding capacity, the muscle or fat color at 72 h post mortem or at retail display, or the contents of SFAs, MUFAs, and PUFAs in beef. The DG diets led to lower values of cooking loss. Meat from 15DG and 30DG showed greater percentage of troponin C and fragments of 30 to 27 kDa than meat from 45DG. Also, meat from 30DG showed the lowest values of Warner-Bratzler shear force. Hence, including up to 30% corn DG in beef cattle feeding diets had positive effects on meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Merayo
- Instituto Tecnología de Alimentos - Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Sistemas Alimentarios Sustentables, UEDD INTA CONICET, Castelar, Argentina.,Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, CABA, Argentina
| | - Darío Pighin
- Instituto Tecnología de Alimentos - Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Sistemas Alimentarios Sustentables, UEDD INTA CONICET, Castelar, Argentina.,Universidad de Morón, Morón, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Cunzolo
- Instituto Tecnología de Alimentos - Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Sistemas Alimentarios Sustentables, UEDD INTA CONICET, Castelar, Argentina.,Universidad de Morón, Morón, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Grigioni
- Instituto Tecnología de Alimentos - Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Sistemas Alimentarios Sustentables, UEDD INTA CONICET, Castelar, Argentina.,Universidad de Morón, Morón, Argentina
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6
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Salami SA, O'Grady MN, Luciano G, Priolo A, McGee M, Moloney AP, Kerry JP. Fatty acid composition, shelf-life and eating quality of beef from steers fed corn or wheat dried distillers' grains with solubles in a concentrate supplement to grass silage. Meat Sci 2020; 173:108381. [PMID: 33288361 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Thirty-six steers were randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatments fed ad libitum grass silage and concentrate supplements containing either barley/soybean meal (CON), 80% DM corn (CDGS)- or 80% DM wheat (WDGS)-dried distillers' grains with solubles for 124 days pre-slaughter. Chemical and fatty acid composition, shelf-life, and eating quality of longissimus thoracis muscle were determined. Dietary CDGS and WDGS increased the proportion of conjugated linoleic acids (P < 0.05) and tended to increase C18:3n-3 (P = 0.075) and total polyunsaturated fatty acids (P = 0.060) relative to the CON. Feeding diets containing distillers' grains reduced the lipid and colour stability of fresh beef patties stored in modified atmosphere packs (MAP), with CDGS exhibiting an intermediate effect between CON and WDGS. Diet did not negatively influence the texture profile parameters and eating quality attributes of beef stored in MAP. The inclusion of CDGS or WDGS in supplementary concentrates may improve the fatty acid profile but decreased the shelf-life of beef.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saheed A Salami
- Food Packaging Group, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, College of Science, Engineering and Food Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department Di3A, Animal Production Science, University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Michael N O'Grady
- Food Packaging Group, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, College of Science, Engineering and Food Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Giuseppe Luciano
- Department Di3A, Animal Production Science, University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Priolo
- Department Di3A, Animal Production Science, University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Mark McGee
- Teagasc, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath, Ireland
| | - Aidan P Moloney
- Teagasc, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath, Ireland
| | - Joseph P Kerry
- Food Packaging Group, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, College of Science, Engineering and Food Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Huang J, Wu T, Sun X, Zou C, Yang Y, Cao Y, Yang Y, Wasim Iqbal M, Lin B. Effect of replacing conventional feeds with tropical agricultural by-products on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and ruminal microbiota of water buffaloes. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 104:1034-1042. [PMID: 32314472 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of replacing corn grain, soybean meal and wheat bran with tropical agricultural by-products, such as palm kernel cake (PKC), cassava residue and dried distiller's grain with solubles (DDGS), on the dry matter intake (DMI), growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility, ruminal short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and ruminal microbial communities of water buffaloes. Thirty healthy 15-month-old crossbred water buffaloes with a similar initial body weight of 353.1 ± 23.7 kg were randomly allocated into three dietary experimental groups, and they were fed with same forage but three different concentrates for 50 days fattening. The dietary treatments were as following: typical concentrate (TC, 65% corn + 15% wheat bran + 15% soybean meal), partial replacement concentrate Ⅰ (PRC I, 50% corn + 22.5% corn gluten + 22.5% PKC) and partial replacement concentrate Ⅱ (PRC II, 50% corn + 22.5% cassava residue + 22.5% DDGS). The results showed that the average daily gain of the PRC II group was the highest, and the DMI, acid detergent fibre digestibility and neutral detergent fibre digestibility value of the three groups were different and in the following order: PRC II group > TC group > PRC I group. The crude protein digestibility of PRC II was higher than that of the TC and PRC I groups (p < .05). The ruminal concentrations of total SCFA, acetate, propionate and butyrate of TC group were higher than the other two groups (p < .05). The PRC I group had the highest Bacteroidetes-to-Firmicutes ratio (B/F) and relative abundance of the genus Prevotella, while the PRC II group had the lowest B/F and relative abundance of Prevotella. In conclusion, using PKC and corn gluten to completely replace common feed ingredients in the buffalo concentrate ration decreased, while using cassava residue and DDGS increased animal growth performance, mainly due to the different combination influenced nutrient digestibility and ruminal microbial community composition was shifted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Huang
- Guangxi Agricultural Vocational Technical College, Nanning, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Xuezhao Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology College, Jilin, China
| | - Caixia Zou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yingbai Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yanhong Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yunyan Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | | | - Bo Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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8
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He ML, Stanford K, Dugan MER, Marquess L, McAllister TA. Association of leptin genotype with growth performance, adipocyte cellularity, meat quality, and fatty acid profile in beef steers fed flaxseed or high-oleate sunflower seed diets with or without triticale dried distiller's grains. J Anim Sci 2020; 98:skaa104. [PMID: 32277699 PMCID: PMC7185023 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin genotypes can be identified as homozygous normal (CC), homozygous mutant (TT), and heterozygous (CT) based on a single-nucleotide polymorphism in exon 2 of the leptin gene, which has been associated with feed intake and fat deposition in cattle. The experiment was designed as 2 × 2 × 2 factorial with three main factors: (1) genotype (CT or TT) and diets fed 2) with or without triticale dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDG), and 3) with either flaxseed (FS) or high-oleate sunflower seed (SS). Evaluations included growth performance, subcutaneous fat deposition, adipocyte cellularity, meat quality, and fatty acid (FA) profile of various depots. Beef steers (n = 40, 459 ± 31 kg) of either CT or TT genotypes were housed in individual pens with ad libitum access to one of the four diets: 75% steam-rolled barley + 10% barley silage with 10% FS or SS (non-DDG diets, NDG) and 46.5% barley + 10% barley silage + 30% DDG, with 8.5% FS or SS, all on a dry matter basis. Growth performance, ultrasound subcutaneous fat thickness, rib eye area (REA), and plasma FA were measured prior to and during the finishing period. At slaughter, samples of subcutaneous fat, perirenal fat, and Longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle were collected for FA analysis and carcass and meat quality were measured. Compared with CT cattle, TT tended to have less (P = 0.06) C18:2-c9,t11 (rumenic acid) in plasma and subcutaneous fat and a greater proportion (P < 0.05) of C18:0 in subcutaneous, perirenal, and LT fat. Cattle with TT genotype also tended (P < 0.1) to have more total saturated and less unsaturated (USFA) and monounsaturated fats (MUFA) and had less (P = 0.04) linoleic acid in LT. Ultrasound fat thickness, REA, and average diameter of adipocytes in subcutaneous fat at 12 wk were not affected (P > 0.39) by genotype. Generally, carcass and meat quality were similar (P > 0.1) among diets, although adding FS tended to increase (P = 0.06) total USFA of subcutaneous fat including omega-3 FA (P < 0.001). For the high-fat diets evaluated, CT cattle would have more potential to produce beef with enhanced health benefits than would TT cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maolong L He
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Canada
| | - Kim Stanford
- Agriculture Centre, Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Lethbridge, Canada
| | - Michael E R Dugan
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, Canada
| | | | - Tim A McAllister
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Canada
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Jiu Z, Roy BC, Das C, Wismer WV, Juárez M, Fitzsimmons C, Li C, Plastow G, Aalhus JL, Bruce HL. Meat and sensory quality of major muscles from Angus, Charolais, and Angus crossbred steers with high and low residual feed intake. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2019-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Effects of residual feed intake (RFI) and genetic group on growth, carcass, and meat quality characteristics of bovine longissimus lumborum (LL), triceps brachii (TB), semimembranosus (SM), and gluteus medius (GM) muscles were investigated using 72 purebred Angus, purebred Charolais, and Angus crossbred steers (n = 24 per genetic group) classified as either high (inefficient) or low (efficient) RFI (n = 12 high and low RFI steers within genetic group). There was no RFI effect (P > 0.05) on growth, carcass, and meat quality measurements except high RFI steers had the highest dry matter intake (P < 0.05), and low RFI TB was rated as having reduced beef flavour intensity and sustained juiciness (P < 0.05). Purebred Angus and Charolais LL and GM had lower shear force values (P < 0.05) than Angus crossbreds and ageing reduced mean shear force values except in TB. For TB, SM, and GM, Angus crossbred steers had the highest mean beef flavour intensity scores, and Charolais SM and TB were less tender than those of Angus crossbred (P < 0.05). Overall, RFI did not influence most meat quality traits; therefore, low RFI animals may contribute to reducing feed costs or environmental impact without compromising meat quality and palatability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Jiu
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, 4-10 Agricultural/Forestry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Bimol C. Roy
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, 4-10 Agricultural/Forestry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Chamali Das
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, 4-10 Agricultural/Forestry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Wendy V. Wismer
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, 4-10 Agricultural/Forestry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Manuel Juárez
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6000 C & E Trail, Lacombe, AB T4L 1W1, Canada
| | - Carolyn Fitzsimmons
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6000 C & E Trail, Lacombe, AB T4L 1W1, Canada
| | - Changxi Li
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6000 C & E Trail, Lacombe, AB T4L 1W1, Canada
| | - Graham Plastow
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, 4-10 Agricultural/Forestry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Jennifer L. Aalhus
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6000 C & E Trail, Lacombe, AB T4L 1W1, Canada
| | - Heather L. Bruce
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, 4-10 Agricultural/Forestry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
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Merayo M, Pighin D, Grigioni G. Meat quality traits and feeding distillers grains to cattle: a review. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/an18382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Livestock management and meat production involve a series of steps that affect meat quality. Animal genetics, nutrition and diets, slaughter procedures and meat-preservation conditions are some of the parameters that should be controlled to maintain meat quality. In regard to animal nutrition and diets, novel ingredients are increasingly used, distillers grains (DG) being an example. DG are obtained as a co-product from bioethanol production and comprise the fat, protein, fibre and micronutrient portion of the grains. Many papers have studied the inclusion of DG in finishing diets and their effect on growth performance and meat characteristics, but a review on the effects on meat quality is needed. Feeding with DG influences beef colour; nevertheless, a relationship between the level of inclusion and colour development has not been established yet. In addition, feeding DG-inclusion diets sometimes increases meat discoloration during retail display. Also, the composition of fatty acids is modified since total polyunsaturated fatty acid content in meat increases with the inclusion of DG in finishing diets. This increment in polyunsaturated fatty acid content is likely to contribute to lipid oxidation processes and might be related to meat discoloration due to myoglobin oxidation. However, meat tenderness has not been modified in most of the cases. This review focused on recent studies on DG inclusion, animal performance and meat quality. Key points that need further research are also identified and discussed.
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Reis VA, Reis RA, Araújo TLDRD, Lage JF, Teixeira PD, Gionbelli TRS, Lanna DP, Ladeira MM. Performance, beef quality and expression of lipogenic genes in young bulls fed low-fat dried distillers grains. Meat Sci 2019; 160:107962. [PMID: 31683256 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.107962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Two studies were carried out, the first with the objective to evaluate performance, beef quality and expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism in the muscle of bulls fed with or without low-fat dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS, 21% DM) in the diet. In the second, eight rumen-fistulated bulls were assigned in a switch back design to evaluate the fatty acid profile of omasal fluid. We hypothesized that bulls fed DDGS may have an improved fatty acid profile and expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism may be altered, without affecting performance. Bulls fed DDGS had greater (P < .05) concentrations of PUFA n-6 in the omasum and muscle. CLA t10, c12 content was higher and there was lower expression of the LPL gene (P = .05) in the muscle of animals fed DDGS (P = .03). In conclusion, DDGS can be used as a protein feedstuff because it maintains beef quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Amin Reis
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37.200-000, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Andrade Reis
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo 14.884-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Priscilla Dutra Teixeira
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37.200-000, Brazil
| | | | - Dante Pazzanese Lanna
- Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Marcio Machado Ladeira
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37.200-000, Brazil.
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12
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Sustainability of feeding plant by-products: A review of the implications for ruminant meat production. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Effects of different antioxidants on quality of beef patties from steers fed low-moisture distillers grains. Meat Sci 2019; 154:119-125. [PMID: 31031210 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This research evaluated the effects of different antioxidants on overall quality of beef patties from steers fed distillers grains. Crossbred steers (n = 24) were fed corn, 40% Dry distillers grains plus solubles, or 40% modified distillers grains plus solubles - Dry Matter basis). Patties were made from ground chuck of individual animals and 4 antioxidant treatments were evaluated (CONTROL - no antioxidant, 0.3% ROSEMARY, 0.25% ACEROLA, and 0.6% CITRUS). Diets minimally affected quality attributes. Patties treated with ROSEMARY were shown significant lighter in color than other treatments on day 6. Patties treated with CITRUS were the reddest on days 5 and 6 of display. ACEROLA and CITRUS provided better lipid stability during display when compared to CONTROL and ROSEMARY. Treatment CITRUS reduced APC growth by 2 log when compared to all other treatments (P < 0.01). Although patties treated with CITRUS had higher off-flavor intensity, no effect was observed for overall desirability. Patties treated with 0.6% of CITRUS provided optimal overall quality.
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Holló I, Csapó J, Holló G. Impact of DDGS-supplemented diet with or without vitamin E and selenium supplementation on the fatty acid profile of beef. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/ausal-2016-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The impact of supplementation of vitamin E or organic selenium in DDGS (dried distillers grains with solubles) diet on fatty acid composition in two meat cuts of finishing Holstein bulls was investigated. Twenty-four Holstein bulls were allotted to treatments in three groups of eight bulls per group for a 100-day trial. The treatments were adequate Se and vitamin E supplementation in control group (C), supranutritional vitamin E supplementation in vitamin Group E (E), supranutritional Se supplementation in selenium group (Se). At similar age, slaughtering Group C had higher slaughter/carcass weight and EUROP fat score than Se counterparts. The killing out percentage and proximate composition of muscles differed among treatments. Inclusion of the vitamin E or Se supplement led to expected increases (P < 0.05) in vitamin E and Se contents of the brisket and loin. Higher vitamin E concentration caused significant lower SFA and greater PUFA. Higher Se level influenced significant SFA in brisket and PUFA in both muscles. Vitamin E or Se dietary treatments in DDGS-supplemented diet resulted in beef meat cuts considerably beneficial PUFA/SFA but markedly higher n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio and even higher health index in both meat samples opposite to Group C.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Holló
- Kaposvár University, Faculty of Agricultural and Enviromental Sciences, H-7400, Kaposvár, Guba Sándor St 40., Hungary
| | - J. Csapó
- Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Faculty of Miercurea Ciuc, Department of Food Science, RO-4100 Miercurea Ciuc, Piata Libertǎţii 1., Romania Hungary
- University of Debrecen, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, Institute of Food Technology, HU-4032 Debrecen, Böszörményi út 138., Hungary
| | - G. Holló
- Kaposvár University, Faculty of Agricultural and Enviromental Sciences, H-7400, Kaposvár, Guba Sándor St 40., Hungary
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15
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Rodas-González A, Larsen IL, Uttaro B, Juárez M, Parslow J, Aalhus JL. Determination of optimum oven cooking procedures for lean beef products. Food Sci Nutr 2015; 3:475-85. [PMID: 26788289 PMCID: PMC4708649 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to determine optimum oven cooking procedures for lean beef, the effects of searing at 232 or 260°C for 0, 10, 20 or 30 min, and roasting at 160 or 135°C on semimembranosus (SM) and longissimus lumborum (LL) muscles were evaluated. In addition, the optimum determined cooking method (oven‐seared for 10 min at 232°C and roasted at 135°C) was applied to SM roasts varying in weight from 0.5 to 2.5 kg. Mainly, SM muscles seared for 0 or 10 min at 232°C followed by roast at 135°C had lower cooking loss, higher external browning color, more uniform internal color, and were more tender and flavorful (P < 0.05). Roast weights ≥1 kg had lesser cooking loss, more uniform internal color and tender compared to 0.5 kg (P < 0.05). Consequently, roasting at low temperature without searing is the recommended oven cooking procedure; with best response from muscle roast weight ≥1 kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argenis Rodas-González
- Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agricultural & Food Sciences University of Manitoba, 201 Animal Science/Entomology Building - 12 Dafoe Road Winnipeg Manitoba R3T 2N2 Canada
| | - Ivy L Larsen
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lacombe Research Centre, 6000 C & E Trail Lacombe Alberta T4L 1W1 Canada
| | - Bethany Uttaro
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lacombe Research Centre, 6000 C & E Trail Lacombe Alberta T4L 1W1 Canada
| | - Manuel Juárez
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lacombe Research Centre, 6000 C & E Trail Lacombe Alberta T4L 1W1 Canada
| | - Joyce Parslow
- Canada Beef Inc, 4-101, 2000 Argentina Road Mississauga Ontario L5N 1W1 Canada
| | - Jennifer L Aalhus
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lacombe Research Centre, 6000 C & E Trail Lacombe Alberta T4L 1W1 Canada
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16
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Alagón G, Arce O, Serrano P, Ródenas L, Martínez-Paredes E, Cervera C, Pascual JJ, Pascual M. Effect of feeding diets containing barley, wheat and corn distillers dried grains with solubles on carcass traits and meat quality in growing rabbits. Meat Sci 2014; 101:56-62. [PMID: 25437451 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The effect of dietary inclusion of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on carcass and meat quality of longissimus muscle was studied in 100 growing rabbits from 28 to 59days old. Diets with no DDGS (C), barley (Db20), wheat (Dw20) and corn (Dc20) DDGS at 20% and corn (Dc40) DDGS at 40% were formulated. No effects on most of the carcass traits, texture and water holding capacity were found. Barley and corn DDGS led to a higher dissectible fat percentage. Meat redness was higher with Dw20 and pH was higher with Dw20 and Db20 than with Dc20. Protein and saturated fatty acids concentration declined as corn DDGS level increased. Dc40 led to the lowest saturated/unsaturated fatty acid ratio, atherogenic index and thrombogenic index. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of these DDGS at 20% did not affect most of the carcass and meat quality traits in rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert Alagón
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Avenida de la Cultura 733, Cusco, Peru
| | - Orlando Arce
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinarias, Universidad Técnica de Oruro, Avda. 6 de octubre 5715, Cas. Postal 9, Oruro, Bolivia
| | - Paula Serrano
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Animal (CITA-IVIA), Polígono de la Esperanza s/n, 12400 Segorbe, Spain
| | - Luis Ródenas
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - Eugenio Martínez-Paredes
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - Concepción Cervera
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - Juan José Pascual
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - Mariam Pascual
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Animal (CITA-IVIA), Polígono de la Esperanza s/n, 12400 Segorbe, Spain.
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17
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Inclusion of sunflower seed and wheat dried distillers' grains with solubles in a red clover silage-based diet enhances steers performance, meat quality and fatty acid profiles. Animal 2014; 8:1999-2010. [PMID: 25075808 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731114001955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study compared beef production, quality and fatty acid (FA) profiles of yearling steers fed a control diet containing 70 : 30 red clover silage (RCS) : barley-based concentrate, a diet containing 11% sunflower seed (SS) substituted for barley, and diets containing SS with 15% or 30% wheat dried distillers' grain with solubles (DDGS). Additions of DDGS were balanced by reductions in RCS and SS to maintain crude fat levels in diets. A total of two pens of eight animals were fed per diet for an average period of 208 days. Relative to the control diet, feeding the SS diet increased (P<0.05) average daily gain, final live weight and proportions of total n-6 FA, non-conjugated 18:2 biohydrogenation products (i.e. atypical dienes) with the first double bond at carbon 8 or 9 from the carboxyl end, conjugated linoleic acid isomers with the first double bond from carbon 7 to 10 from the carboxyl end, t-18:1 isomers, and reduced (P<0.05) the proportions of total n-3 FA, conjugated linolenic acids, branched-chain FA, odd-chain FA and 16:0. Feeding DDGS-15 and DDGS-30 diets v. the SS diet further increased (P<0.05) average daily gains, final live weight, carcass weight, hot dressing percentage, fat thickness, rib-eye muscle area, and improved instrumental and sensory panel meat tenderness. However, in general feeding DGGS-15 or DDGS-30 diets did not change FA proportions relative to feeding the SS diet. Overall, adding SS to a RCS-based diet enhanced muscle proportions of 18:2n-6 biohydrogenation products, and further substitutions of DDGS in the diet improved beef production, and quality while maintaining proportions of potentially functional bioactive FA including vaccenic and rumenic acids.
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18
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He ML, Xu L, Yang WZ, Gibb D, McAllister TA. Effect of low-oil corn dried distillers’ grains with solubles on growth performance, carcass traits and beef fatty acid profile of feedlot cattle. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2014. [DOI: 10.4141/cjas2013-196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
He, M. L., Xu, L., Yang, W. Z., Gibb, D. and McAllister, T. A. 2014. Effect of low-oil corn dried distillers’ grains with solubles on growth performance, carcass traits and beef fatty acid profile of feedlot cattle. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 94: 343–347. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary inclusion of low-oil corn dried distillers’ grains with solubles (LO-DDGS) on growth, carcass traits and beef fatty acids profiles of finishing feedlot cattle. One hundred and eighty British crossbred steers (450±28.5 kg; six pens/treatment) were offered barley grain-barley silage as the control diet with LO-DDGS replacing barley grain at 200 and 300 g kg−1 dry matter basis in treatment diets. Compared with control, LO-DDGS at 200 g kg−1 did not affect growth performance or carcass traits, whereas at 300 g kg−1 it decreased (P<0.05) gain:feed, but increased (P<0.05) levels of desirable fatty acids in beef. LO-DDGS can replace 200 g kg−1 barley grain in finishing feedlot diets without undesirable impacts on growth performance or carcass traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. L. He
- Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 3000, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
| | - L. Xu
- Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 3000, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
- Baotou Light Industry Vocational and Technical College, P.O. Box 19, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - W. Z. Yang
- Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 3000, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
| | - D. Gibb
- Hi-Pro Feeds, 1810 39 St. N., Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1H 5J2
| | - T. A. McAllister
- Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 3000, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
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He ML, McAllister TA, Hernandez-Calva LM, Aalhus JL, Dugan MER, McKinnon JJ. Effect of dietary inclusion of triticale dried distillers' grain and oilseeds on quality and fatty acid profile of meat from feedlot steers. Meat Sci 2014; 97:76-82. [PMID: 24530992 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Revised: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study compared carcass, meat quality and fatty acid profiles of longissimus thoracis (LT) from feedlot cattle fed barley grain with or without oilseed (OS). Six diets containing no oilseed (No-OS), 10% ground flaxseed (FS), 10% high oleate sunflower seeds (SS) with or without 30% triticale dried distiller's grain (DDGS) were prepared. Feeding DDGS increased chroma at 24 and 144 h post mortem. Feeding FS increased weight% of LT PUFA (P<0.05) compared to No-OS or SS. An OS by DDGS interaction occurred for 18:3n-3 (P<0.05) where FS increased weight% of 18:3n-3 (P<0.05), a response accentuated (P<0.05) by DDGS. Feeding DDGS increased weight% of LT 18:2n-6 (P<0.05), but neither OS nor DDGS affected conjugated linoleic acid (CLA, t7,c9 &c9,t11-18:2). Feeding FS increased weight% of n-3 FA, and both FS and SS increased t10-18:1 with no effect on CLA or t11-18:1. Combination feeding of DDGS and FS further increased weight% of n-3 FA and tempered increases in t10-18:1 with no effect on CLA or t11-18:1. The findings suggest a new strategy to increase beef omega-3 fatty acids efficiently through inclusion of a combination of DDGS and FS in feedlot diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L He
- Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada; University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - T A McAllister
- Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada.
| | - L M Hernandez-Calva
- Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - J L Aalhus
- Lacombe Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, AB T4L 1W1, Canada
| | - M E R Dugan
- Lacombe Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, AB T4L 1W1, Canada
| | - J J McKinnon
- University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
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20
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Buttrey EK, Jenkins KH, Lewis JB, Smith SB, Miller RK, Lawrence TE, McCollum FT, Pinedo PJ, Cole NA, MacDonald JC. Effects of 35% corn wet distillers grains plus solubles in steam-flaked and dry-rolled corn-based finishing diets on animal performance, carcass characteristics, beef fatty acid composition, and sensory attributes. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:1850-65. [PMID: 23589628 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2013-5029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fifty-four individually-fed Hereford-Angus cross steers (initial BW = 308 ± 9 kg) were used in an unbalanced randomized block design with a 2 × 2 factorial treatment arrangement to determine effects of corn processing method and corn wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS) inclusion in finishing diets on animal performance, carcass and beef characteristics, and sensory attributes. Dietary treatments included steam-flaked corn- (SFC) and dry-rolled corn (DRC)-based finishing diets containing 0 or 35% WDGS (DM basis; 0SFC and 35SFC, 0DRC and 35DRC, respectively). Yellow grease was used to equilibrate fat content of diets. Steers were fed 174 d, and were harvested on a single date when the mean ultrasound fat thickness was estimated to be 1.30 cm. No interactions between corn processing and WDGS were observed for performance or carcass characteristics (P ≥ 0.11). Final BW (556 ± 14 kg) and ADG (1.43 ± 0.06 kg) were not affected (P ≥ 0.25) by dietary treatment. Steers fed SFC-based diets consumed less feed, and were 10.6% more efficient (P < 0.01) than those fed DRC-based diets. Including WDGS in finishing diets improved feed efficiency of steers consuming both SFC- and DRC-based diets (P ≤ 0.04). Dietary treatment did not affect HCW, dressing percentage, fat thickness, or yield grade (P ≥ 0.27). Including WDGS in finishing diets decreased the concentration of 16:1cis-9, 18:1cis-9, and 18:1cis-11 fatty acids, and tended (P ≤ 0.10) to increase total fat concentration of steaks compared with diets without WDGS. A corn processing method by WDGS interaction was detected for 18:1trans-11 where steaks from 0DRC diets had decreased concentrations compared with other diets. There were no dietary effects on palatability attributes (P > 0.20). Livery-organy aromatics (P = 0.03) and sweet basic tastes (P = 0.01) in steaks from the 35SFC treatment were more intense than in other treatments, but were barely detectable. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances tended to be greater in steaks from steers fed WDGS after 5 d of storage (P = 0.10), and were greater after 7 d. (P < 0.01). Inclusion of WDGS used in this experiment improved G:F with minimal impacts on carcass characteristics. Both WDGS inclusion and corn processing method impacted fatty acid composition. However, diet had minimal impacts on palatability attributes. When compared with diets fat-equilibrated with yellow grease, the primary concern with incorporating WDGS appears to be decreased shelf-life after 5 d of storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- E K Buttrey
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Amarillo 79106, USA
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21
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Evaluation of Selected Parameters of Quality and Nutritive Value of Meat of Fattened Bulls Fed Diet with Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS) from Wheat or Maize as a Source of Protein. POL J FOOD NUTR SCI 2013. [DOI: 10.2478/v10222-012-0075-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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22
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Effects of feeding flaxseed or sunflower-seed in high-forage diets on beef production, quality and fatty acid composition. Meat Sci 2013; 95:98-109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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23
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He M, Yang W, Dugan M, Beauchemin K, McKinnon J, McAllister T. Substitution of wheat dried distillers grains with solubles for barley silage and barley grain in a finishing diet increases polyunsaturated fatty acids including linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids in beef. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Aldai N, Klieve AV, Dugan MER, Kramer JKG, Ouwerkerk D, Aalhus JL, McKinnon JJ, McAllister TA. Evaluation of rumen fatty acid hydrogenation intermediates and differences in bacterial communities after feeding wheat- or corn-based dried distillers grains to feedlot cattle1. J Anim Sci 2012; 90:2699-709. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2010-3671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N. Aldai
- Lacombe Research Center, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, T4L 1W1, Alberta, Canada
| | - A. V. Klieve
- Ecosciences Precinct, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, Dutton Park, Queensland, 4102, Australia
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, 4343, Australia
| | - M. E. R. Dugan
- Lacombe Research Center, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, T4L 1W1, Alberta, Canada
| | - J. K. G. Kramer
- Guelph Food Research Center, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Guelph N1G 5C9, Ontario, Canada
| | - D. Ouwerkerk
- Ecosciences Precinct, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, Dutton Park, Queensland, 4102, Australia
| | - J. L. Aalhus
- Lacombe Research Center, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, T4L 1W1, Alberta, Canada
| | - J. J. McKinnon
- Department of Animal & Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5A8, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - T. A. McAllister
- Lethbridge Research Center, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, T1J 4B1, Alberta, Canada
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Abdelqader M, Oba M. Lactation performance of dairy cows fed increasing concentrations of wheat dried distillers grains with solubles. J Dairy Sci 2012; 95:3894-904. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2011-4809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Juárez M, Dugan ME, Aldai N, Basarab JA, Baron VS, McAllister TA, Aalhus JL. Beef quality attributes as affected by increasing the intramuscular levels of vitamin E and omega-3 fatty acids. Meat Sci 2012; 90:764-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2011.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Revised: 06/02/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Hernández-Calva L, He M, Juárez M, Aalhus JL, Dugan MER, McAllister TA. Effect of flaxseed and forage type on carcass and meat quality of finishing cull cows. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2011. [DOI: 10.4141/cjas2011-030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hernández-Calva, L. M., He, M., Juárez, M., Aalhus, J. L., Dugan, M. E. R. and McAllister, T. A. 2011. Effect of flaxseed and forage type on carcass and meat quality of finishing cull cows. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 91: 613–622. Sixty-two cull cows were fed one of four diets in a 2×2 factorial arrangement, consisting of barley silage or grass hay with or without flaxseed to influence fatty acid composition. After slaughter, carcass grade, meat quality and sensory data were collected. Silage increased live (P=0.002) and carcass (P=0.001) weights of the cows as compared with hay. Muscle width (P=0.013) and score (P=0.010) and rib-eye area (P=0.002) were enhanced when silage was included in the diet, whereas supplementation with flaxseed increased (P=0.003) grade fat depth by 29%. Most subjective and objective retail evaluation traits in steaks from the left longissimus thoracis and ground meat were negatively affected (P<0.05) by the length of the retail display time. Moreover, dietary hay increased (P=0.015) the lean colour values in steaks and ground beef, which was corroborated by lower L* (P=0.009) and higher hue (P=0.010) in steaks and lower L* (P=0.049), chroma (P=0.005) in ground beef as compared with cows fed silage. A significant interaction between forage type and flax inclusion for thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) (P=0.050) was observed. After sensory evaluation, steaks from cows fed silage had an increase (P=0.030) in beef flavour intensity when compared with cows fed hay, whereas inclusion of flaxseed in the diet decreased (P<0.001) beef flavour intensity in steaks from cows fed both forage sources. Sensory evaluation of ground beef found that hay-fed cows with flaxseed supplementation had decreased (P=0.03) beef flavour intensity, while the same effect was not observed in ground beef from cows fed silage with flaxseed. Results from this study show that inclusion of flaxseed in the diet reduced off-flavours in steak, but for ground beef this response depended on the source of forage in the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- L.M. Hernández-Calva
- Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 3000, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
- Universidad Autonoma de Tlaxcala, Facultad de Agrobiología, Av. Universidad No.1, Loma Xicohtencatl, CP 90062, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - M. He
- Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 3000, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
| | - M. Juárez
- Lacombe Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6000 C&E Trail, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1
| | - J. L. Aalhus
- Lacombe Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6000 C&E Trail, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1
| | - M. E. R. Dugan
- Lacombe Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6000 C&E Trail, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1
| | - T. A. McAllister
- Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 3000, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
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Dugan M, Aldai N, Aalhus J, Rolland D, Kramer J. Review:Trans-forming beef to provide healthier fatty acid profiles. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2011. [DOI: 10.4141/cjas2011-044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Dugan, M. E. R., Aldai, N., Aalhus, J. L., Rolland, D. C. and Kramer, J. K. G. 2011. Review: Trans- forming beef to provide healthier fatty acid profiles. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 91: 545–556.Trans fatty acids are found naturally in foods, particularly in those derived from ruminant animals, such as beef and dairy cattle. Over the past few decades, human consumption of trans fatty acids has increased, but this has been mainly from products containing partially hydrogenated vegetable oils. The correlation of trans fatty acid consumption with diseases such as coronary heart disease has been cause for concern, and led to recommendations to reduce their consumption. Trans fatty acids, however, have differing effects on human health. Therefore, in foods produced from ruminant animals, it is important to know their trans fatty acid composition, and how to enrich or deplete fatty acids that have positive or negative health effects. This review will cover the analysis of trans fatty acids in beef, their origin, how to manipulate their concentrations, and give a brief overview of their health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dugan
- Lacombe Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1
| | - Noelia Aldai
- Lacombe Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1
| | - Jennifer Aalhus
- Lacombe Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1
| | - David Rolland
- Lacombe Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1
| | - John Kramer
- Lacombe Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1
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Segers JR, Stewart RL, Lents CA, Pringle TD, Froetschel MA, Lowe BK, McKeith RO, Stelzleni AM. Effect of long-term corn by-product feeding on beef quality, strip loin fatty acid profiles, and shelf life. J Anim Sci 2011; 89:3792-802. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2011-4154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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31
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Effects of by-products from biofuel production on the performance of growing fattening bulls. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2010.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Aldai N, Dugan M, Aalhus J, McAllister T, Walter L, McKinnon J. Differences in the trans-18:1 profile of the backfat of feedlot steers fed wheat or corn based dried distillers’ grains. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2010.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Lee JM, Choe JH, Oh MH, Kim YS, Cheon DW, Seo SC, Hwang KS, Jang AR. Effect of Sex on Quality Grade Factors, Physicochemical and Sensory Traits of Longissimus Dorsi in Hanwoo. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2010. [DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2010.30.2.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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