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Effects of Alkaline-Reduced Water on Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress and Fatigue in Young Male Healthy Adults. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10081543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular physical activity confers health benefits and improves the general quality of life. Recently, alkaline-reduced water (ARW) consumption has garnered increasing attention in the field of sports. ARW effectively inhibits the oxidative stress generated in cells during high-intensity exercises; however, whether it exerts similar effects during exhaustive exercises remains unknown. This study was designed as a randomized, controlled, crossover, double-blind clinical trial with a single intervention of ARW intake (pH 9.5, 10 mL/kg body weight) after intense exercise. The participants were divided into two groups, wherein they consumed either purified water (PW group) or ARW (ARW group). Blood samples were collected before exercise, immediately after exercise, and 15 min after drinking water. The serum levels of oxidative stress markers and fatigue markers were determined. The results showed that ROS (p < 0.01) and NO levels (p < 0.001) were significantly decreased after ARW intake, and the reduction was more pronounced than that in the PW group. Interestingly, the increase in GPx and MDA levels was mediated by ARW intake (both p < 0.05) after exercise. The levels of fatigue markers, such as lactate (p < 0.001), lactate dehydrogenase (p < 0.001), and phosphate (p < 0.001), were significantly reduced in both groups, with ARW intervention showing more decreased markers. The correlation analysis results showed that ARW may help maintain homeostatic conditions for ROS, antioxidant systems, and fatigue markers. These findings indicate that ARW consumption is effective in reducing oxidative stress and fatigue following exhaustive exercise and that ARW could be used as an antioxidant and anti-fatigue supplement after exhaustive physical exercise.
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Wang C, Matarneh SK, Gerrard D, Tan J. Contributions of energy pathways to ATP production and pH variations in postmortem muscles. Meat Sci 2022; 189:108828. [PMID: 35461106 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.108828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The roles of energy pathways in postmortem muscles are still debated. In this study, the contributions of different pathways to ATP production and pH variations were analyzed by using a kinetic model based on data from beef longissimus lumborum. Phosphocreatine represents over 92% of the initial ATP production but, after 24 h, glycolysis, phosphocreatine, myokinase reaction, and aerobic respiration contribute, respectively, 89.44%, 5.26%, 4.44%, and 0.86% of the cumulative amount of ATP produced. ATP hydrolysis and glycolysis result in 0.52 and 0.6 units of pH decline, respectively, at 24 h with ATP hydrolysis accounting for most of the early decline. Phosphocreatine, myokinase reaction, and aerobic respiration lead to, respectively, 0.08, 0.07, and 0.004 units of pH increase after 24 h though phosphocreatine is depleted within the first 30 min. Furthermore, electrical stimulation affects pH primarily through ATP hydrolysis and glycolysis. The initial muscle oxygen saturation level and phosphocreatine content affect pH but the influences are small.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Wang
- Department of Biomedical, Biological and Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America
| | - Sulaiman K Matarneh
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States of America
| | - David Gerrard
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
| | - Jinglu Tan
- Department of Biomedical, Biological and Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America.
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3
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Zhao Y, Kong X, Yang X, Zhu L, Liang R, Luo X, Zhang L, Hopkins DL, Mao Y, Zhang Y. Effect of energy metabolism and proteolysis on the toughness of intermediate ultimate pH beef. Meat Sci 2022; 188:108798. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.108798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Wang C, Matarneh SK, Gerrard D, Tan J. Modelling of energy metabolism and analysis of pH variations in postmortem muscle. Meat Sci 2021; 182:108634. [PMID: 34284221 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2021.108634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A kinetic model structure was developed to describe the major variations in energy metabolism and to gain further understanding of pH changes in postmortem muscle experimentally observed with an in vitro glycolytic system. Comparison with experiments showed that the model could describe the kinetics of major metabolites and pH under varied conditions. Optimized model parameters definitively and consistently showed the observed effects of mitochondria, indicating a desirable level of model complexity. Simulation and analysis of pH variations based on the model suggested that phosphofructokinase activity has the strongest impact on the rate and extent of postmortem pH decline. Postmortem pH is also influenced by rates of ATP hydrolysis and glycolysis, and to a much lesser extent, pH buffering capacity. Other reactions, including those mediated by creatine kinase, adenylate kinase, and AMP deaminase, have minimal effects on postmortem pH decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America
| | - Sulaiman K Matarneh
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States of America
| | - David Gerrard
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
| | - Jinglu Tan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America.
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Purslow PP, Gagaoua M, Warner RD. Insights on meat quality from combining traditional studies and proteomics. Meat Sci 2020; 174:108423. [PMID: 33422773 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Following a century of major discoveries on the mechanisms determining meat colour and tenderness using traditional scientific methods, further research into complex and interactive factors contributing to variations in meat quality is increasingly being based on data-driven "omics" approaches such as proteomics. Using two recent meta-analyses of proteomics studies on beef colour and tenderness, this review examines how knowledge of the mechanisms and factors underlying variations in these meat qualities can be both confirmed and extended by data-driven approaches. While proteomics seems to overlook some sources of variations in beef toughness, it highlights the role of post-mortem energy metabolism in setting the conditions for development of meat colour and tenderness, and also points to the complex interplay of energy metabolism, calcium regulation and mitochondrial metabolism. In using proteomics as a future tool for explaining variations in meat quality, the need for confirmation by further hypothesis-driven experimental studies of post-hoc explanations of why certain proteins are biomarkers of beef quality in data-driven studies is emphasised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter P Purslow
- Tandil Centre for Veterinary Investigation (CIVETAN), National University of Central Buenos Aires Province, Tandil B7001BBO, Argentina; School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Melbourne University, Parkville 3010, Australia.
| | - Mohammed Gagaoua
- Food Quality and Sensory Science Department, Teagasc Ashtown Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland
| | - Robyn D Warner
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Melbourne University, Parkville 3010, Australia
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6
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Modelling postmortem evolution of pH in beef M. biceps femoris under two different cooling regimes. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2017; 55:233-243. [PMID: 29358815 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-017-2925-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A model based on enzyme kinetics was developed to predict differences in postmortem pH change in beef muscles as affected by cooling rate. For the calibration and validation of the model, pH and temperature measurements were conducted at different positions in M. biceps femoris following conventional carcass cooling or faster cooling of the muscle after hot boning. The glycogen conversion, and, hence, the pH fall, was observed to significantly vary with position and cooling regime but only during the initial hours of cooling. Comparison of the cooling regimes indicated that fast cooling following hot boning avoids heat shortening induced by the combined effect of high temperature and low pH.
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Antifatigue Effect of Luteolin-6-C-Neohesperidoside on Oxidative Stress Injury Induced by Forced Swimming of Rats through Modulation of Nrf2/ARE Signaling Pathways. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:3159358. [PMID: 28588747 PMCID: PMC5447270 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3159358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Luteolin-6-C-neohesperidoside (LN) is a flavonoid isolated from moso bamboo leaf. This study was performed to evaluate the antifatigue effect of LN on a rat model undergoing the weight-loaded forced swimming test (FST). Briefly, male Sprague-Dawley rats (20-22 weeks old) were forced to undertake exhaustive swimming every other day for 3 weeks. Each swimming session was followed by the administration of distilled water, LN (25-75 mg/kg), or ascorbic acid (100 mg/kg) 1 h later. Oral administration of LN significantly improved exercise endurance; normalized alterations in energy metabolic markers; and decreased serum lactic acid, lactate dehydrogenase, and blood urea nitrogen levels of rats that underwent FST. Moreover, LN enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant capacity, as measured by enzyme activity assays, RT-PCR, and Western blotting, as well as decreasing the levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 and increasing the level of anti-inflammatory (IL-10) in the liver and skeletal muscle. These results suggested that LN reduces both physical and mental effects of chronic fatigue, probably by attenuating oxidative stress injury and inflammatory responses in the liver and skeletal muscle. This study thus supports the use of LN in functional foods for antifatigue and antioxidant effects.
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Cong M, Wu H, Yang H, Zhao J, Lv J. Gill damage and neurotoxicity of ammonia nitrogen on the clam Ruditapes philippinarum. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2017; 26:459-469. [PMID: 28238072 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-017-1777-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia nitrogen has been a potential menace to aquatic animals along the coastline of China. Presently, the toxicological effects of ammonia nitrogen were mainly concentrated on fishes, while little attention has been paid to molluscs. In this study, the clam Ruditapes philippinarum was used as the target animal to investigate the toxic effects of ammonia nitrogen. Our results showed that ammonia exposure could significantly reduce the integrity of lysosomes in a dose-dependent manner. Metabolite analysis revealed that exposure doses and duration time of ammonia nitrogen could affect the variation profiles of gill metabolites. In detail, branched chain amino acids, glutamate, choline and phosphocholine were significantly decreased after a one-day exposure. Inosine and phenylalanine were found significantly increased and ATP was decreased after a three-day exposure. The changes of metabolites implied that metabolisms of muscle element, neurotransmission and cell apoptosis of gill tissues would be affected by ammonia exposure. Such inferences were supported by the diminished muscle element, decreased concentrations of catecholamines and increased apoptosis rates, respectively. Therefore, we take advantage of metabolomics integrated with conventional biological assays to find out that ammonia exposure could cause lysosome instability, metabolic disturbance, aberrant gill structures and changes to neurotransmitters, and would result in mollusk gill dysfunction in feeding, respiration and immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huifeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, P. R. China.
| | - Haiping Yang
- Institute of Oceanology & Marine Fisheries, Nantong, 226007, P. R. China
| | - Jianmin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, P. R. China.
| | - Jiasen Lv
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P. R. China
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Vilgis TA. Soft matter food physics--the physics of food and cooking. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2015; 78:124602. [PMID: 26534781 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/78/12/124602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This review discusses the (soft matter) physics of food. Although food is generally not considered as a typical model system for fundamental (soft matter) physics, a number of basic principles can be found in the interplay between the basic components of foods, water, oil/fat, proteins and carbohydrates. The review starts with the introduction and behavior of food-relevant molecules and discusses food-relevant properties and applications from their fundamental (multiscale) behavior. Typical food aspects from 'hard matter systems', such as chocolates or crystalline fats, to 'soft matter' in emulsions, dough, pasta and meat are covered and can be explained on a molecular basis. An important conclusion is the point that the macroscopic properties and the perception are defined by the molecular interplay on all length and time scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Vilgis
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55129 Mainz, Germany
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Warner RD, Jacob RH, Rosenvold K, Rochfort S, Trenerry C, Plozza T, McDonagh MB. Altered post-mortem metabolism identified in very fast chilled lamb M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum using metabolomic analysis. Meat Sci 2015; 108:155-64. [PMID: 26163181 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this experiment was to use metabolomic techniques to investigate the energy metabolism in lamb M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum subjected to very fast chilling (VFC) post-mortem. The tissue was prepared by 2 different operators and subjected to very fast chilling (less than 0°C within 1.5h of slaughter) or typical chilling regimes (Control; 0°C within 22h of slaughter). Non-targeted metabolomic analysis ((1)H NMR) and targeted analysis ((31)P NMR, HPLC-PDA and HPLC-MS/MS) were used to examine the change in muscle metabolites post-mortem. One VFC treatment, which resulted in a colder core temperature and more tender meat, had higher levels of glycolytic intermediate metabolites pre-rigor as well as more of the end-products of adenosine and nicotine nucleotide metabolism pre-rigor, relative to conventionally chilled treatments. In conclusion, VFC to less than 0°C within 1.5h of slaughter causes considerable changes in metabolism and rigor onset, which are associated with tender meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn D Warner
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia; Cooperative Animal Research Centre for Sheep Industry Innovation, CJ Hawkins Homestead Building, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia; Future Farming Research Division, Department of Primary Industries, 600 Sneydes Rd, Werribee, Vic 3030, Australia.
| | - Robin H Jacob
- Cooperative Animal Research Centre for Sheep Industry Innovation, CJ Hawkins Homestead Building, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia; Department of Agriculture and Food WA, Baron Hay Court South Perth, WA 6151, Australia
| | - Katja Rosenvold
- AgResearch Limited, Ruakura Research Centre, East Street, Private Bag 3123, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - Simone Rochfort
- Cooperative Animal Research Centre for Sheep Industry Innovation, CJ Hawkins Homestead Building, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia; Biosciences Research Division, Department of Primary Industries, 1 Park Drive, Bundoora, Vic 3083, Australia
| | - Craige Trenerry
- Future Farming Research Division, Department of Primary Industries, 1 Park Drive, Bundoora, Vic 3083, Australia
| | - Tim Plozza
- Future Farming Research Division, Department of Primary Industries, 1 Park Drive, Bundoora, Vic 3083, Australia
| | - Matthew B McDonagh
- Cooperative Animal Research Centre for Sheep Industry Innovation, CJ Hawkins Homestead Building, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia; Biosciences Research Division, Department of Primary Industries, 1 Park Drive, Bundoora, Vic 3083, Australia
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Altered AMP deaminase activity may extend postmortem glycolysis. Meat Sci 2015; 102:8-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Lin Y, Liu HL, Fang J, Yu CH, Xiong YK, Yuan K. Anti-fatigue and vasoprotective effects of quercetin-3-O-gentiobiose on oxidative stress and vascular endothelial dysfunction induced by endurance swimming in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 68:290-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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13
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Post-mortem modelling of pH and temperature in related lamb carcases. Meat Sci 2014; 96:1034-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Revised: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Prediction of the time evolution of pH in meat. Food Chem 2013; 141:2363-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.04.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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van de Ven RJ, Pearce KL, Hopkins DL. Modelling the decline of pH in muscles of lamb carcases. Meat Sci 2013; 93:79-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Frylinck L, Strydom PE, Webb EC, du Toit E. Effect of South African beef production systems on post-mortem muscle energy status and meat quality. Meat Sci 2012; 93:827-37. [PMID: 23305833 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Revised: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Post-slaughter muscle energy metabolism meat colour of South African production systems were compared; steers (n=182) of Nguni, Simmental Brahman crossbreds were reared on pasture until A-, AB-, or B-age, in feedlot until A-AB-age. After exsanguination carcasses were electrically stimulated (400 V for 15 s). M. longissimus dorsi muscle energy samples were taken at 1, 2, 4 and 20 h. Post-mortem samples for meat quality studies were taken at 1, 7 and 14 days post-mortem. Production systems affected muscle glycogen, glucose, glucose-6-P, lactic acid, ATP, creatine-P glycolytic potential (P<0.05), with the muscles of feedlot carcasses having a faster glycolysis rate than pasture carcasses. Energy metabolites correlated (0.4<r<0.9) with meat colour (CIE, L*a*b*), (0.3<r>0.5) water holding capacity, drip loss, and Warner Bratzler shear force. Muscle energy only affected muscle contraction of the A-age-pasture system (shortest sarcomere length of 1.66 μm vs 1.75 μm highest WBS of 6 kg vs 5 kg 7 days post-mortem).
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Affiliation(s)
- L Frylinck
- Animal Production Institute, Agricultural Research Council of South Africa, Private Bag X2, Irene 0062, South Africa.
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