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Bernardez-Morales GM, Douglas SL, Nichols BW, Barrazueta-Cordero RJ, Belk AD, Brandebourg TD, Reyes TM, Sawyer JT. Vacuum Packaging Can Protect Ground Beef Color and Oxidation during Cold Storage. Foods 2024; 13:2841. [PMID: 39272606 PMCID: PMC11394816 DOI: 10.3390/foods13172841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Storing ground beef at frozen temperatures prior to refrigerated display when using thermoforming vacuum packaging is not a common manufacturing practice. However, limited data on thermoforming packaging film and its interaction with meat quality suggests that more information is needed. The current study aimed to identify the influences of thermoforming packaging on the surface color and lipid oxidation of ground beef. Ground beef was portioned into 454 g bricks and packaged into one of three thermoforming films: T1 (150 µ polyethylene/EVOH/polyethylene coextrusion), T2 (175 µ polyethylene /EVOH/polyethylene coextrusion), and T3 (200 µ polyethylene/EVOH/polyethylene coextrusion), stored for 21 days at -20.83 °C (±1.50 °C), and displayed for 42 days at 3.0 °C ± 1.5 °C. There were no statistical differences for the packaging treatment of lipid oxidation (p = 0.0744), but oxidation increased throughout storage day (p < 0.0001). The main effects of treatment and day resulted in altered (p < 0.05) surface lightness (L*), redness (a*), yellowness, hue angle (°), red-to-brown (RTB), and relative myoglobin for met-myoglobin (MET), deoxymyoglobin (DMB), and oxymyoglobin (OMB). Surprisingly, there was an interaction between treatment and day for the calculated relative values of chroma (p = 0.0321), Delta E (p = 0.0155), and the ratio of a*:b* (p < 0.0001). These results indicate that thermoforming vacuum packaging can reduce the rate of deterioration that occurs to ground beef color and the rate of oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Brooks W Nichols
- Department of Animal Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | | | - Aeriel D Belk
- Department of Animal Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | | | - Tristan M Reyes
- Winpak Ltd., 100 Saulteaux Crescent, Winnipeg, MB R3J 3T3, Canada
| | - Jason T Sawyer
- Department of Animal Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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2
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Lee S, Park DH, Kim EJ, Kim H, Lee Y, Choi MJ. Development of temperature control algorithm for supercooling storage
of pork loin and its feasibility for improving freshness and extending shelf
life. Food Sci Anim Resour 2022; 42:467-485. [PMID: 35611076 PMCID: PMC9108958 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2022.e16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Supercooling storage refers to lowering the product temperature below its
freezing point without phase transition and has the potential to extend shelf
life. Nevertheless, supercooled objects are in a thermodynamically unstable
state, and nucleation can occur spontaneously. To achieve supercooling storage,
slow cooling and insulation are essential. Hence, a stepwise algorithm for the
supercooling storage of pork loins was designed and validated in this study.
Pork loins were stored at 3°C, −18°C, and
−3°C (freezing), and supercooled for 16 days. All samples remained
in a supercooled state and were unfrozen at the end of storage. Supercooled pork
loins were superior in terms of drip loss, cooking loss, and water-holding
capacity compared to frozen samples. Additionally, supercooling treatment
prevented discoloration, increase of volatile basic nitrogen, and microbial
growth. Thus, supercooling of pork loin was achieved using a stepwise program
and was effective to maintain meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- SangYoon Lee
- Department of Food Science and
Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul
05029, Korea
| | - Dong Hyeon Park
- Department of Food Science and
Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul
05029, Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Kim
- Refrigerator Research of Engineering
Division, Home Appliance and Air Solution Company, LG
Electronics, Changwon 51533, Korea
| | - Honggyun Kim
- Department of Food Science &
Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
| | - YunJung Lee
- Department of Food Science and
Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul
05029, Korea
| | - Mi-Jung Choi
- Department of Food Science and
Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul
05029, Korea
- Corresponding author: Mi-Jung
Choi, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk
University, Seoul 05029, Korea, Tel: +82-2-450-3048, Fax:
+82-2-455-3726, E-mail:
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3
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Hernandez MS, Woerner DR, Brooks JC, Wheeler TL, Legako JF. Influence of aging temperature and duration on spoilage organism growth, proteolytic activity, and related chemical changes in vacuum-packaged beef longissimus. MEAT AND MUSCLE BIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.22175/mmb.13724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Each carcass was assigned to a storage temperature (-2, 0, 4℃). Strip loins were portioned into half loins and assigned to an aging duration (14, 28, 42, 56 d) and vacuum packaged. Loins were aged in commercial upright refrigerators. At each aging interval, loin portion packages were aseptically opened and loins were surface swabbed for microbial analysis before fabrication into 2.54 cm strip steaks. Steaks assigned to slice shear force (SSF) were cooked to 71℃. A raw steak was used to track proteolytic activity, free amino acid content, and volatile compounds. Two-way interactions were observed for all spoilage organisms (P < 0.001). Aging for 42 and 56 d at -2℃ produced lower microbial counts compared to 4℃ (P < 0.05). Loins aged for 14 d at 4℃ had increased desmin and troponin-T degradation compared to aging for 14 at -2 and 0℃ (P < 0.05). Loins aged in 4These data indicate aging at 4℃ increases the rate of proteolysis and subsequent tenderness development and flavor precursor accumulation. However, extended aging at 4℃ resulted in increased microbial counts. Many traits peaked at 42 d of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tommy L. Wheeler
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service Meat Safety and Quality Research Unit, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center
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4
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Reyes TM, Smith HR, Wagoner MP, Wilborn BS, Bonner T, Brandebourg TD, Rodning SP, Sawyer JT. Surface Color Variations of Ground Beef Packaged Using Enhanced, Recycle Ready, or Standard Barrier Vacuum Films. Foods 2022; 11:foods11020162. [PMID: 35053892 PMCID: PMC8774408 DOI: 10.3390/foods11020162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
With current meat industry efforts focused on improving environmental influencers, adopting sustainable packaging materials may be an easier transition to addressing the sustainability demands of the meat consumer. With the growing popularity of vacuum-packaged meat products, the current study evaluated instrumental surface color on fresh ground beef using vacuum packaging films, recycle-ready film (RRF), standard barrier (STB) and enhanced barrier (ENB). Ground beef packaged using ENB barrier film was lighter (L*), redder (a*) and more vivid (chroma) than all other packaging treatments during the simulated display period (p < 0.05). By day 12 of the simulated retail display, the ground beef surface color became lighter (L*), more yellow (b*), less red (a*), less vivid (chroma) and contained greater forms of calculated metmyoglobin, oxymyoglobin (p < 0.05). The current results suggest that barrier properties of vacuum packaging film for ground beef are pivotal for extending the surface color during fresh shelf-life conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan M. Reyes
- Department of Animal Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (T.M.R.); (H.R.S.); (M.P.W.); (B.S.W.); (T.D.B.); (S.P.R.)
| | - Hunter R. Smith
- Department of Animal Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (T.M.R.); (H.R.S.); (M.P.W.); (B.S.W.); (T.D.B.); (S.P.R.)
| | - Madison P. Wagoner
- Department of Animal Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (T.M.R.); (H.R.S.); (M.P.W.); (B.S.W.); (T.D.B.); (S.P.R.)
| | - Barney S. Wilborn
- Department of Animal Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (T.M.R.); (H.R.S.); (M.P.W.); (B.S.W.); (T.D.B.); (S.P.R.)
| | - Tom Bonner
- Winpak Ltd., 100 Saulteaux Crescent, Winnipeg, MB R3J 3T3, Canada;
| | - Terry D. Brandebourg
- Department of Animal Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (T.M.R.); (H.R.S.); (M.P.W.); (B.S.W.); (T.D.B.); (S.P.R.)
| | - Soren P. Rodning
- Department of Animal Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (T.M.R.); (H.R.S.); (M.P.W.); (B.S.W.); (T.D.B.); (S.P.R.)
| | - Jason T. Sawyer
- Department of Animal Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (T.M.R.); (H.R.S.); (M.P.W.); (B.S.W.); (T.D.B.); (S.P.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-334-844-1517
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5
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Pietrasik Z, Soladoye OP. Functionality and consumer acceptability of low-fat breakfast sausages processed with non-meat ingredients of pulse derivatives. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:4464-4472. [PMID: 33432585 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Owing to recent changes in consumer eating behaviours as well as potential cost savings for processors, pulse ingredients are finding more application in the meat processing industry. In this study, pea ingredients (pea fibre, FB; pea starch, ST; pea flour, PF) and chickpea flour (CF) were used, at 4% addition level, as fat replacers in low-fat breakfast sausages. The impact of these substitutions on processing and sensory characteristics of breakfast sausage was evaluated. RESULTS While reduction in fat content in breakfast sausage resulted in some detrimental changes in cooking as well as textural characteristics of the product, addition of binders significantly improved these attributes in low-fat breakfast sausages. Overall, treatment formulation did not significantly affect the pH and the instrumental colour attributes of cooked breakfast sausage. Addition of all binders resulted in reduced cooking loss and increased moisture retention in low-fat breakfast sausage (P < 0.05), whereas, FB and ST were significantly more effective in improving water holding capacity of low-fat breakfast sausage. Furthermore, while both FB and ST increased the hardness, cohesiveness and chewiness parameters of low-fat breakfast sausage (P < 0.05), PF and CF had no impact. Generally, the consumer overall liking and flavour acceptability of FB and ST in low-fat breakfast sausage were significantly higher than those of PF and CF. CONCLUSION The use of ST or FB as a fat replacer in breakfast sausages offers processors improved cook yield without negatively impacting the important sensory attributes of breakfast sausages. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeb Pietrasik
- Food Processing Development Centre, Food and Bio Processing Branch, Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Leduc, Canada
| | - Olugbenga P Soladoye
- Food Processing Development Centre, Food and Bio Processing Branch, Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Leduc, Canada
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6
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The Relationship between Lipid Content in Ground Beef Patties with Rate of Discoloration and Lipid Oxidation during Simulated Retail Display. Foods 2021; 10:foods10091982. [PMID: 34574092 PMCID: PMC8469196 DOI: 10.3390/foods10091982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationships between the lipid content, lipid oxidation, and discoloration rate of ground beef during a simulated retail display were characterized in this study. A total of 276 batches of ground beef were manufactured with inside rounds and subcutaneous fat from 138 beef carcasses at different targeted levels of lean:fat. There was a total of four different targeted grind levels during the manufacture of the ground beef, and the lipid content for the samples used in this study ranged from 2% to 32% total lipid. Fatty acid composition was determined based on subcutaneous fat, whereas the proximate composition of moisture and total lipids, instrumental color, visual discoloration, and lipid oxidation measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were evaluated on ground beef patties during 7 days of simulated retail at 4 °C display under LED lights. Analysis for the correlation and the creation of linear regression models indicated that lipid content played a more critical role in the discoloration rate compared to lipid oxidation and fatty acid composition. Lipid oxidation could be more reliably predicted by lipid content and instrumental color compared to visual discoloration. Overall, ground beef formulated with greater lipid content is expected to experience greater rates of lipid oxidation and discoloration during retail display.
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7
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Belk AD, Duarte T, Quinn C, Coil DA, Belk KE, Eisen JA, Quinn JC, Martin JN, Yang X, Metcalf JL. Air versus Water Chilling of Chicken: a Pilot Study of Quality, Shelf-Life, Microbial Ecology, and Economics. mSystems 2021; 6:e00912-20. [PMID: 33653941 PMCID: PMC8546986 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00912-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The United States' large-scale poultry meat industry is energy and water intensive, and opportunities may exist to improve sustainability during the broiler chilling process. By USDA regulation, after harvest the internal temperature of the chicken must be reduced to 40°F or less within 16 h to inhibit bacterial growth that would otherwise compromise the safety of the product. This step is accomplished most commonly by water immersion chilling in the United States, while air chilling methods dominate other global markets. A comprehensive understanding of the differences between these chilling methods is lacking. Therefore, we assessed the meat quality, shelf-life, microbial ecology, and techno-economic impacts of chilling methods on chicken broilers in a university meat laboratory setting. We discovered that air chilling methods resulted in superior chicken odor and shelf-life, especially prior to 14 days of dark storage. Moreover, we demonstrated that air chilling resulted in a more diverse microbiome that we hypothesize may delay the dominance of the spoilage organism Pseudomonas Finally, a techno-economic analysis highlighted potential economic advantages to air chilling compared to water chilling in facility locations where water costs are a more significant factor than energy costs.IMPORTANCE As the poultry industry works to become more sustainable and to reduce the volume of food waste, it is critical to consider points in the processing system that can be altered to make the process more efficient. In this study, we demonstrate that the method used during chilling (air versus water chilling) influences the final product microbial community, quality, and physiochemistry. Notably, the use of air chilling appears to delay the bloom of Pseudomonas spp. that are the primary spoilers in packaged meat products. By using air chilling to reduce carcass temperatures instead of water chilling, producers may extend the time until spoilage of the products and, depending on the cost of water in the area, may have economic and sustainability advantages. As a next step, a similar experiment should be done in an industrial setting to confirm these results generated in a small-scale university lab facility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aeriel D Belk
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Toni Duarte
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Casey Quinn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - David A Coil
- Genome Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Keith E Belk
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Jonathan A Eisen
- Genome Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jason C Quinn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Jennifer N Martin
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Xiang Yang
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jessica L Metcalf
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
- CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholars program, CIFAR, Toronto, Canada
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8
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Pietrasik Z, Sigvaldson M, Soladoye OP, Gaudette NJ. Utilization of pea starch and fibre fractions for replacement of wheat crumb in beef burgers. Meat Sci 2020; 161:107974. [PMID: 31704474 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.107974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Beef burgers (22% fat) were formulated to contain 5% of pea starch (PS), pea fibre (PF) or their combinations (PS:PF; 75:25, 50:50, 25:75). Wheat crumb treatment served as control. Incorporation of pea fractions into burgers did not affect (P > .05) the colour of fresh burgers or the colour stability over 5 days of storage. All burger treatments containing pea fibre had lower (P < .05) cook loss than those formulated with wheat crumb or pea starch. Wheat crumb burgers were significantly (P < .05) softer, less cohesive and chewy than treatments with pea starch and fibre fractions. While panelist feedback suggest that 50:50 blend resulted in optimal firmness and juiciness characteristics, the acceptability mean scores of all pea starch and pea fibre blends were equivalent to wheat crumb control for all attributes which suggests that all combinations of pea starch and fibre can be utilized as gluten free alternatives to wheat crumb for meat binder applications without any detrimental impact on consumer acceptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Pietrasik
- Food Processing Development Centre, Food and Bio Processing Branch, Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Leduc, AB T9E 7C5, Canada.
| | - M Sigvaldson
- Food Processing Development Centre, Food and Bio Processing Branch, Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Leduc, AB T9E 7C5, Canada
| | - O P Soladoye
- Food Processing Development Centre, Food and Bio Processing Branch, Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Leduc, AB T9E 7C5, Canada
| | - N J Gaudette
- Food Processing Development Centre, Food and Bio Processing Branch, Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Leduc, AB T9E 7C5, Canada
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9
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Callahan ZD, Lorenzen CL, Shircliff KE, Reynolds DR, Mustapha A, Wiegand BR. Evaluating Ground Beef Formulated with Different Fat Sources. MEAT AND MUSCLE BIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.22175/mmb2018.11.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives were to evaluate effects of fat source and formulated fat percentage on fatty acid composition, lean color stability, lipid oxidation, and aerobic microbial load during simulated retail display of ground beef patties. In Experiment 1 beef carcasses (n = 30) were chilled for 2 d and then fabricated. M. semimembranosus muscles were removed along with 2 fat sources (kidney and pelvic = KP and subcutaneous = S from the same carcass) and ground to achieve 75 and 95% lean. Fatty acid profile and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were determined over a 7 d simulated retail display period. Saturated fat differed (P = 0.0004) by fat source, with KP having a higher percentage than S. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were higher for (P < 0.05) for patties made with S compared to KP. In Experiment 2 beef carcasses (n = 20), were fabricated and blended into ground beef as described in Experiment 1. After designated display time patties were removed and instrumental color measurement, myoglobin concentration, TBARS, and aerobic plate counts (APC) were collected. Oxymyoglobin (OMb) percentage decreased (P < 0.0001) by storage day and had source x formulated fat percentage interaction (P = 0.011). Inversely, storage day increased metmyoglobin (MMb) percentage (P < 0.0001) where d 1 < d 3 < d 5 < d 7, respectively. Changes in myoglobin form contributed to decreased a* values (P < 0.0001) over time. However, APC did not differ (P > 0.05) for d, fat source, or fat percentage. Discoloration in ground beef over 7 d of retail display was more a function of muscle pigment oxidation (OMb to MMb) than aerobic microbial spoilage.
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10
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Cooper JV, Suman SP, Wiegand BR, Schumacher L, Lorenzen CL. Impact of Light Source on Color and Lipid Oxidative Stabilities from a Moderately Color-Stable Beef Muscle during Retail Display. MEAT AND MUSCLE BIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.22175/mmb2017.07.0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumers’ purchasing decisions are heavily impacted by fresh meat color, which they consider an indicator of quality in a retail setting. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the impact of light source on surface color and lipid oxidation during retail display of fresh steaks from semimembranosus (SM), a beef muscle with moderate oxidative and color stabilities. Steaks (n = 240) from the SM (n = 20) were packaged on Styrofoam trays and overwrapped with oxygen-permeable polyvinyl chloride. Steaks were then assigned to 1 of 3 lighting treatments, high UV fluorescent (HFLO), low UV fluorescent (FLO), and light emitting diode (LED) to mimic current storage conditions with a variety of industry available fluorescent bulbs, and evaluate emerging lighting conditions with LED. Steaks were removed on retail display d 1, 3, 5, and 7 for evaluation of instrumental color (L*, a*, and b* values), surface myoglobin redox forms, metmyoglobin reducing activity, and lipid oxidation. Light source influenced (P < 0.05) redness (a* values), with HFLO-displayed steaks having greatest (P < 0.05) a* values and LED-displayed steaks exhibiting lowest (P < 0.05) a* values. Surface redness decreased (P < 0.05) over retail display day. Steaks displayed in HFLO and FLO had greater (P < 0.05) oxymyoglobin percentages than those displayed under LED, indicating that LED accelerated surface discoloration compared to HFLO and FLO lights. Metmyoglobin (MMb) percentages increased over retail display, with LED-exposed steaks having greater (P < 0.05) percentages of MMb than those displayed in HFLO and FLO. By d 7 of retail display, HFLO-exposed steaks had lower (P < 0.05) MMb percentages than the steaks displayed in both FLO and LED. Lighting type did not influence (P > 0.05) lipid oxidation in SM steaks, however, lipid oxidation increased (P < 0.05) over retail display. The findings indicated that light source influenced the color stability in SM steaks during retail display and that HFLO light can minimize surface discoloration in moderate color stability beef muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Leon Schumacher
- University of Missouri Department of Agricultural Systems Management
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11
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Using Pretreatment of Carbon Monoxide Combined with Chlorine Dioxide and Lactic Acid to Maintain Quality of Vacuum-Packaged Fresh Beef. J FOOD QUALITY 2018. [DOI: 10.1155/2018/3158086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to microbial growth, beef easily gets corrupt in retail conditions, and the color and quality of the meat will be deteriorated. Therefore, hurdle technology, namely, pretreatment of carbon monoxide (CO), chlorine dioxide, and lactic acid, is used for vacuum-packaged beef to decontaminate beef and increase its quality stability. Beef was pretreated with 100% CO (C1), 100% CO and 50 mg/L chlorine dioxide (C2), and 100% CO and 50 mg/L chlorine dioxide and 30 g/L lactic acid (C3). The untreated samples were used as control (CK). During storage, thea⁎color parameters of C1, C2, and C3 were significantly higher than that of CK, indicating CO pretreatment is a good way to maintain color appearance of beef, and chlorine dioxide and lactic acid did not affect the color-protecting role of CO on beef. C3 showed the strongest antimicrobial activity with the lowest total viable counts, followed by C2, C1, and CK. Samples in C3 also showed the lowest total volatile basic nitrogen, pH, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, and metmyoglobin during the mid-late storage. Moreover, C3 can keep beef with higher unsaturated fatty acids. In conclusion, CO pretreatment combined with chlorine dioxide and lactic acid displayed efficient antimicrobial and color-stability activity for vacuum-packaged beef. It would be a potential way to use pretreatment of CO combined with chlorine dioxide and lactic acid to maintain the quality of vacuum-packaged beef.
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12
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Neethling NE, Suman SP, Sigge GO, Hoffman LC, Hunt MC. Exogenous and Endogenous Factors Influencing Color of Fresh Meat from Ungulates. MEAT AND MUSCLE BIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.22175/mmb2017.06.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochemistry of post-mortem muscle tissue is complex, and several factors affect the fresh meat color and color stability, both of which influence consumer acceptance. Therefore, improving meat color and meat color stability is of significant value to the meat industry and consumers. While extensive literature is available on the color and color stability of domestic ungulates, literature on wild ungulates is notably lacking. With an increasing global demand for meats from wild ungulates, it is critical to identify the knowledge gaps regarding their color and color stability. The objective of this paper is to overview the exogenous and endogenous factors influencing the color and color stability of fresh meats from domestic and wild ungulates. The literature highlighted that the pre- and post-harvest factors influencing meat color and meat color stability are interrelated and not mutually exclusive. Current research indicates that the effects of several of these factors are specific to species, breed, and muscle source. Novel ways to manipulate these factors using a biosystems approach should be explored to improve color attributes of fresh ungulate meats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Melvin C. Hunt
- Kansas State University Department of Animal Sciences and Industry
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13
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Cooper JV, Suman SP, Wiegand BR, Schumacher L, Lorenzen CL. Light Source Influences Color Stability and Lipid Oxidation in Steaks from Low Color Stability Beef Triceps brachii Muscle. MEAT AND MUSCLE BIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.22175/mmb2017.06.0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractColor of retail fresh meat is one of the most important quality attributes affecting purchasing decisions for consumers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of different light sources on surface color and lipid oxidation during retail display of fresh steaks from beef Triceps brachii (TB), a muscle with low color and lipid oxidative stabilities. Steaks (n = 12) from 20 TB muscles were overwrapped with oxygen-permeable polyvinyl chloride, and assigned to one of three lighting treatments, i.e., high UV fluorescent (HFLO), low UV fluorescent (FLO), and light emitting diode (LED), in temperature-controlled deli cases. Steaks were removed on retail display d 1, 3, 5, and 7 for evaluating instrumental color (L*, a*, and b* values), surface myoglobin redox forms, metmyoglobin reducing ability, and lipid oxidation. Surface redness (a* values) of TB steaks decreased (P < 0.05) during retail display. Light source influenced a* values, with HFLO-displayed steaks having higher (P < 0.05) a* values than steaks exposed to both FLO and LED light sources. Oxymyoglobin levels were higher (P < 0.05) for TB steaks displayed under HFLO lights than those displayed under FLO (on d 3 and 7) or LED (on d 5 and 7) lights. Steaks displayed under HFLO lights had lower (P < 0.05) metmyoglobin levels than those exposed to both FLO and LED lights on d 5 and 7. Lipid oxidation increased over retail display time, and on d 7 of retail display, steaks exposed to HFLO had less (P < 0.05) lipid oxidation than those displayed in FLO or LED. The results of the present study indicated that color stability and lipid oxidation in TB steaks during retail display are impacted by light source. The HFLO lighting may help to minimize surface discoloration and lipid oxidation in low color stability beef muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Leon Schumacher
- University of Missouri Department of Agricultural Systems Management
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14
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Passetti RAC, Torrecilhas JA, Ornaghi MG, Mottin C, de Oliveira CAL, Guerrero A, del Mar Campo M, Sañudo C, do Prado IN. Validation of photographs usage to evaluate meat visual acceptability of young bulls finished in feedlot fed with or without essential oils. Meat Sci 2017; 123:105-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Yu L, Gao C, Zeng M, He Z, Wang L, Zhang S, Chen J. Effects of raw meat and process procedure on N ε-carboxymethyllysine and N ε-carboxyethyl-lysine formation in meat products. Food Sci Biotechnol 2016; 25:1163-1168. [PMID: 30263389 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-016-0185-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to investigate the effects of stored raw meat and process procedures on Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML) and Nε-carboxyethyl-lysine (CEL) generation in meat products. Meat products of raw pork were sterilized and pasteurized at different storage times (0-4 months) and the CML/CEL contents were determined. The results showed that the extent of lipid and protein oxidation of raw pork increased with increasing storage time. A linear correlation was found between thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances value/carbonyl content and CML/CEL in sterilized meat products, indicating that stored raw pork could promote CML/CEL formation under high temperature processing. Furthermore, mild heating temperatures seemed to favor CML formation, while high temperature could accelerate CEL generation. Therefore, formation kinetics of CML and CEL might be different for different process procedures. These results suggested that stored raw meat and processing temperature could significantly affect CML and CEL generation in meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligang Yu
- 1State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122 China
| | - Chang Gao
- 1State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122 China
| | - Maomao Zeng
- 1State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122 China
| | - Zhiyong He
- 1State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122 China
| | - Linxiang Wang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122 China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122 China
| | - Jie Chen
- 1State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122 China
- 2Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122 China
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16
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Moon CT, Yancey JWS, Apple JK, Hollenbeck JJ, Johnson TM, Winters AR. Quality Characteristics of Fresh and Cooked Ground Beef can be Improved by the Incorporation of Lean Finely-Textured Beef (LFTB). J FOOD QUALITY 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfq.12221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Courtney T. Moon
- Department of Animal Science; University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture; Fayetteville AR 72701
| | - Janeal W. S. Yancey
- Department of Animal Science; University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture; Fayetteville AR 72701
| | - Jason K. Apple
- Department of Animal Science; University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture; Fayetteville AR 72701
| | - Jace J. Hollenbeck
- Department of Animal Science; University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture; Fayetteville AR 72701
| | - Timothy M. Johnson
- Department of Animal Science; University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture; Fayetteville AR 72701
| | - Ashley R. Winters
- Department of Animal Science; University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture; Fayetteville AR 72701
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17
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Lee SJ, Kim HJ, Cheong SH, Kim YS, Kim SE, Hwang JW, Lee JS, Moon SH, Jeon BT, Park PJ. Antioxidative effect of recombinant ice-binding protein (rLeIBP) from Arctic yeast Glaciozyma sp. on lipid peroxidation of Korean beef. Process Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2015.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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18
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Pietrasik Z, Gaudette NJ, Klassen M. Effect of hot water treatment of beef trimmings on processing characteristics and eating quality of ground beef. Meat Sci 2015; 113:41-50. [PMID: 26610290 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The effect of hot water treatment of beef trimmings on the processing characteristics, shelf-life and consumer acceptability of ground beef was evaluated. Hot water treatment (85°C for 40s) substantially enhanced the microbial quality of trimmings during refrigerated storage and this was independent of the fat level of the trimmings. Treatment had no effect on the oxidative stability of trimmings stored up to 7days, ground beef displayed in a retail cabinet for up to 3days, and had minimal effect on textural properties. Instrumental results demonstrate that ground beef from hot water treated trimmings was slightly lighter and tended to have less red color compared to non-treated beef. These color differences did not impact the consumer acceptance of raw patties, and in addition, hot water treatment did not significantly affect the consumer acceptability of cooked patty attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Pietrasik
- Food Processing Development Centre, Food and Bio Processing Division, Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development, Leduc, AB T9E 7C5, Canada.
| | - N J Gaudette
- Food Processing Development Centre, Food and Bio Processing Division, Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development, Leduc, AB T9E 7C5, Canada
| | - M Klassen
- Canadian Cattlemen's Association, #180, 6815 - 8th Street NE, Calgary, AB T2E 7H7, Canada
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The influence of beef quality characteristics on the internalization and thermal susceptibility of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in blade-tenderized beef steaks. Meat Sci 2015; 110:85-92. [PMID: 26188361 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The risk of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) survival in blade-tenderized beef is a concern for beef processors. This study evaluated the internalization and post-cooking survival of individual STEC serogroups (O157:H7, O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145) in blade-tenderized beef steaks with different quality traits. Strip loins representing four combinations of USDA Quality Grade (Choice or Select) and pH category (High pH or Normal pH) were inoculated (10(6)logCFU/cm(2) attachment) with individual STEC serogroups before storage (14 days), blade tenderization, and cooking (50, 60, 71, or 85°C). Serogroup populations on raw steak surfaces and internal cores were determined. Rapid-based methods were used to detect the internal presence of STEC in cooked steaks. Internalization and post-cooking survival varied among STECs. All serogroups, except O45 and O121, were detected in the internal cores of steaks cooked to 50°C, while O103, O111, and O145 STEC were detected in steaks cooked to 50, 60, and 71°C.
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Kang SM, Kang G, Seong PN, Park B, Kim D, Cho S. Evaluation of the Activities of Antioxidant Enzyme and Lysosomal Enzymes of the Longissimus dorsi Muscle from Hanwoo (Korean Cattle) in Various Freezing Conditions. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2014; 34:742-8. [PMID: 26761669 PMCID: PMC4662187 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2014.34.6.742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the activities of antioxidant enzyme (glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)) and lysosomal enzymes (alpha-glucopyranosidase (AGP) and beta-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (BNAG)) of the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle from Hanwoo (Korean cattle) in three freezing conditions. Following freezing at -20, -60, and -196℃ (liquid nitrogen), LD samples (48 h post-slaughter) were treated as follows: 1) freezing for 14 d, 2) 1 to 4 freeze-thaw cycles (2 d of freezing in each cycle), and 3) refrigeration (4℃) for 7 d after 7 d of freezing. The control was the fresh (non-frozen) LD. Freezing treatment at all temperatures significantly (p<0.05) increased the activities of GSH-Px, AGP, and BNAG. The -196 ℃ freezing had similar effects to the -20℃ and -60℃ freezing. Higher (p<0.05) enzymes activities were sustained in frozen LD even after 4 freeze-thaw cycles and even for 7 d of refrigeration after freezing. These findings suggest that freezing has remarkable effects on the activities of antioxidant enzyme and lysosomal enzymes of Hanwoo beef in any condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Moon Kang
- Animal Products Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-706, Korea
| | - Geunho Kang
- Animal Products Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-706, Korea
| | - Pil-Nam Seong
- Animal Products Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-706, Korea
| | - Beomyoung Park
- Animal Products Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-706, Korea
| | - Donghun Kim
- Animal Products Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-706, Korea
| | - Soohyun Cho
- Animal Products Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-706, Korea
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