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Ben Ettoumia R, Vernet J, Ortigues-Marty I, Kraiem K, Majdoub-Mathlouthi L. Effects of metabolizable energy intake on post weaning lamb growth performance, carcass tissue composition and internal fat depend on animal characteristics: A meta-analysis. Meat Sci 2021; 185:108719. [PMID: 34896873 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2021.108719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to establish the quantitative relationship between metabolisable energy intake (MEI) and growth performance, carcass tissue composition and internal fat, taking into consideration animal precocity, maturity and tail nature. Data from 67 publications were used in the meta-analysis. Diets were characterized and three classes were identified (low medium and high energy density diets). Breeds were characterized according to tail nature, precocity and maturity stage. Average daily gain (ADG) responded to MEI in all animals weighing less than 60% of their adult weight regardless their precocity or their tail nature. At the same level of MEI, the higher the diet energy density, the higher the ADG. In animals weighing less than 42% of adult weight and receiving a high starch diet, carcass muscle and internal fat responded to MEI. Whereas, for animals that weighed between 43% and 75% of adult weight, increases in MEI influenced carcass adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ben Ettoumia
- Department of Animal Production, Institut Supérieur Agronomique Chott Meriem, Université de Sousse, 4042, Tunisia
| | - J Vernet
- INRA, UMR1213 Herbivores, Saint Genès Champanelle, France; UMR1213 Herbivores, INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, VetAgro Sup, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - I Ortigues-Marty
- INRA, UMR1213 Herbivores, Saint Genès Champanelle, France; UMR1213 Herbivores, INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, VetAgro Sup, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - K Kraiem
- Department of Animal Production, Institut Supérieur Agronomique Chott Meriem, Université de Sousse, 4042, Tunisia
| | - L Majdoub-Mathlouthi
- Department of Animal Production, Institut Supérieur Agronomique Chott Meriem, Université de Sousse, 4042, Tunisia.
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Viana PT, de Carvalho GGP, Viana MCP, de Assis DYC, de Figueiredo MP, Cirne LGA, Figueredo JS, Sousa LS, de Santana Júnior HA, Pina DDS, Alba HDR. Effect of high-concentrate diets with calcium lignosulfonate and cottonseed processing method on quantitative traits and non-carcass components of feedlot cull ewes. Arch Anim Breed 2021; 64:355-363. [PMID: 34514082 PMCID: PMC8428082 DOI: 10.5194/aab-64-355-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effects of cottonseed processing form and
the inclusion of calcium lignosulfonate in high-concentrate diets for
feedlot cull ewes on carcass traits and non-carcass components. Thirty Santa
Inês cull ewes with an average body weight of 44.2 ± 5.2 kg and an
average age of 50 months were distributed into collective stalls in a
completely randomized design. The treatments consisted of diets including
whole cottonseed, crushed cottonseed, whole cottonseed treated with
lignosulfonate (100 g/kg, as fed), crushed cottonseed treated with
lignosulfonate (100 g/kg, as fed), and a control diet without cottonseed.
The experimental diets did not influence (P>0.05) average daily
weight gain (0.195 kg/day), slaughter weight (51.74 kg), or in vivo biometric and
on-carcass measurements. There was no difference (P>0.05) in
loin-eye area or subcutaneous fat thickness as evaluated in vivo by ultrasound.
There was no diet effect on hot carcass weight and yield (24.8 kg and
47.8 %), cold carcass weight and yield (24.2 kg and 46.8 %), or chilling
loss (2.1 %). Non-carcass components did not differ in response to the
diets (P>0.05). Dietary inclusion of calcium lignosulfonate
increases the proportions of udder and liver relative to empty body weight
(P<0.05). Neither the cottonseed processing method nor the
inclusion of calcium lignosulfonate in high-concentrate diets for cull ewes
affects their performance, biometric or morphometric measurements,
non-carcass components, or qualitative traits of their carcass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Teixeira Viana
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Itapetinga, Bahia, Code 45700-000, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Luís Gabriel Alves Cirne
- Institute of Biodiversity and Forestry, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Bahia, Code 68035-110, Brazil
| | | | - Lorena Santos Sousa
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Code 45029-066, Brazil
| | | | - Douglas Dos Santos Pina
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Code 40170-110, Brazil
| | - Henry Daniel Ruiz Alba
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Code 40170-110, Brazil
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The Impact of Feed Supplementations on Asian Buffaloes: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11072033. [PMID: 34359160 PMCID: PMC8300117 DOI: 10.3390/ani11072033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Apart from feeding with forages, dietary supplementation with concentrate and rumen bypass fat is one of the feeding strategies to enhance nutrient availability and improve buffalo performance and productivity. This review paper thoroughly discussed the utilization of concentrate and bypass fat as dietary supplementation in buffalo feeding, and discussed the effects on performance, fermentation characteristics and general health of buffaloes to give better insight about the potential and challenges of dietary supplementation in buffalo diet. Based on the literature studies, it can be summarized that supplementation of concentrate and bypass fat in buffaloes may overcome the nutritional problems and improve the growth performance, health status, rumen environment and carcass traits. Abstract With the increase in the global buffalo herd, the use of supplementation in the ruminant feeding has become an important area for many researchers who are looking for an isocaloric and isonitrogenous diet to improve production parameters. In order to improve the performance of the Asian water buffalo, the optimal balance of all nutrients, including energy and protein, are important as macronutrients. Dietary supplementation is one of the alternatives to enhance the essential nutrient content in the buffalo diet and to improve the rumen metabolism of the animal. Researchers have found that supplementation of concentrate and rumen bypass fat could change growth performance and carcass traits without causing any adverse effects on the buffalo growth. Some studies showed that dry matter intake, body condition score and some blood parameters and hormones related to growth responded positively to concentrate and rumen bypass fat supplementation. In addition, changes of feeding management by adding the supplement to the ruminant basal diet helped to increase the profit of the local farmers due to the increased performance and productivity of the animals. Nevertheless, the effects of dietary supplementation on the performance of ruminants are inconsistent. Thus, its long-term effects on the health and productivity of buffaloes still need to be further investigated.
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Liu J, Chriki S, Ellies-Oury MP, Legrand I, Pogorzelski G, Wierzbicki J, Farmer L, Troy D, Polkinghorne R, Hocquette JF. European conformation and fat scores of bovine carcasses are not good indicators of marbling. Meat Sci 2020; 170:108233. [PMID: 32688221 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Marbling is one of the primary carcass attributes utilized in most beef grading systems for eating quality evaluation. In Europe, the current beef grading system is the EUROP grid, which is focused on carcass commercial value and production yield rather than eating quality estimation. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between marbling and the most common scores for carcass classification in Europe. If there are strong associations between marbling and European classification scores, marbling score may be estimated from the carcass characteristics. However, this study indicated that European classification scores explain only a slight proportion of the variance in marbling score (32%, 46%, 34% and 21% for the entire cattle group, young bulls, females and steers, respectively). Therefore, whereas the EUROP grid is well adapted to estimate yield, it does not reflect marbling at all. The European beef industry should take into account additional indicators related to beef palatability to assist the determination of the commercial value of carcasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liu
- INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, Vetagro Sup, UMR1213, Recherches sur les Herbivores, F-63122 Saint Genès Champanelle, France
| | - Sghaier Chriki
- Isara - Agro School for Life, 23 rue Jean Baldassini, 69364, Lyon cedex 07, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Ellies-Oury
- INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, Vetagro Sup, UMR1213, Recherches sur les Herbivores, F-63122 Saint Genès Champanelle, France; Bordeaux Sciences Agro, 1 cours du Général de Gaulle, CS 40201, 33175 Gradignan, France
| | - Isabelle Legrand
- Institut de l'Elevage, Service Qualité des Viandes, MRAL, 87060 Limoges Cedex 2, France
| | - Grzegorz Pogorzelski
- Department of Technique and Food Development, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Wierzbicki
- Polish Beef Association Ul, Smulikowskiego 4, 00-389, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Linda Farmer
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Newforge Lane, Belfast BT9 5PX, UK
| | - Declan Troy
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin D15 KN3K, Ireland
| | | | - Jean-François Hocquette
- INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, Vetagro Sup, UMR1213, Recherches sur les Herbivores, F-63122 Saint Genès Champanelle, France.
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Gagaoua M, Picard B, Monteils V. Assessment of cattle inter-individual cluster variability: the potential of continuum data from the farm-to-fork for ultimate beef tenderness management. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:4129-4141. [PMID: 30767219 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study implemented a holistic approach based on the farm-to-fork data at the four levels of the continuum (farm - slaughterhouse - muscle - meat) to study the inter-individual cluster variability of beef tenderness. For that, 171 young bulls were selected on a large database of 480 animals according to the industrial expectations based on animal and carcass characteristics. The targeted factors were age at slaughter (14; 20 months), carcass weight (370; 470 kg), EUROP conformation (7; 15) and fatness (2.5; 5) scores of the carcasses. Multivariate analyses and unsupervised learning tools were performed. RESULTS Principal component analysis combined to agglomerative hierarchical clustering allowed ten clusters to be identified that differed (P < 0.0001) for the four targeted factors. The clusters were further different for variables belonging to each level of the continuum. The results indicated an inter-individual cluster variability rising in tenderness in link with the continuum data grouped according to industrial expectations. The associations of the whole variables of the continuum with tenderness were very important, but farm-to-fork continuum-levels dependent. The findings showed that the variables contributing most to the inter-individual cluster variability of tenderness seemed to be more related to the rearing practices, mainly feeding, and their consequences on carcass properties rather than to the muscle characteristics evaluated by enzyme metabolism and connective tissue. CONCLUSION It seems that considering the continuum data would allow possible trade-off managements of tenderness to identify levers at different levels from the farm-to-meat. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Gagaoua
- Département PHASE, INRA, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, Université Clermont Auvergne, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Brigitte Picard
- Département PHASE, INRA, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, Université Clermont Auvergne, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Valérie Monteils
- Département PHASE, INRA, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, Université Clermont Auvergne, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
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Ortigues-Marty I, Agabriel J, Vernet J, Sepchat B, Al-Jammas M, Nozière P. Contribution of nutrient fluxes to the evolution of the net energy systems, example of the INRA feeding system for beef cattle. Transl Anim Sci 2019; 3:1048-1063. [PMID: 32704869 PMCID: PMC7200917 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txz074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Energy feeding systems define energy as a whole, but progress made to define metabolizable energy (ME) as the sum of the metabolizable nutrients produced by digestion and available for tissue metabolism in a wide range of nutritional situations opens the way to quantitatively model and predict nutrient fluxes between and within tissues and organs and improve predictions of energy use. This review addresses the contribution of nutrient flux concepts and data to the evolution of the Institut de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) energy feeding system for growing and fattening cattle and evaluates the outcomes on the net energy (NE) requirements. It summarizes recent progress made to quantitatively predict nutrient fluxes both at digestive and visceral levels. It reviews how nutrient flux concepts and results were introduced in the recently updated INRA feeding system, resulting in improvements in the accuracy of the revised digestible energy (DE) and ME value of diets. The use of an independent database showed that for diets fed to fattening cattle, DE and ME concentrations were downgraded for low-energy-dense diets and upgraded for high-energy-dense diets. We are also showing that compared with its previous version, the updated INRA system improves the quantitative relationship between ME supply and flows of metabolizable nutrients. Evidence is provided on how measured nutrient fluxes at portal level were used to evaluate the predicted flows of metabolizable nutrients. This review then revisits the NE values of diets for fattening cattle as defined by the INRA feeding system and not updated yet. Using an independent database and at similar ME intake, carcass composition was shown to be linearly related to the energy density of diets for fiber-rich diets but not for concentrate-rich diets, suggesting that the efficiency of energy utilization of ME into NE is not linearly related to differences in the composition of the gain. Accounting for the balance of metabolizable nutrients or their proxies in models used to predict carcass composition from ME intake can improve predictions. Overall partitioning aggregated energy fluxes into their subcomponent nutrient fluxes in a more physiological approach offers promising perspectives for the evolution of NE feeding systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacques Agabriel
- UMR1213 Herbivores, INRA, Vetagro Sup, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Jean Vernet
- UMR1213 Herbivores, INRA, Vetagro Sup, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Bernard Sepchat
- UMR1213 Herbivores, INRA, Vetagro Sup, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Marwa Al-Jammas
- UMR1213 Herbivores, INRA, Vetagro Sup, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Pierre Nozière
- UMR1213 Herbivores, INRA, Vetagro Sup, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
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Neves MLMW, Souza EJOD, Liberal Véras RM, Valadares Filho SDC, Marcondes MI, da Silva GS, Barreto LMG, de Andrade Ferreira M, Véras ASC. Can the body composition of crossbred dairy cattle be predicted by equations for beef cattle? ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2018; 31:1604-1610. [PMID: 29642676 PMCID: PMC6127597 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.17.0876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficiency of the Hankins and Howe (HH46), Valadares Filho (V06), and Marcondes (M12) equations for predicting the physical and chemical composition of dairy crossbred bulls carcasses, as well as the chemical composition of their empty bodies. Methods This study was conducted using 30 dairy crossbred bulls. One group of five animals was slaughtered at the beginning of the experiment, and the remaining were slaughtered 112 days later. Animals were distributed in a completely randomized design into treatments consisting different levels of concentrate (0%, 17%, 34%, 51%, and 68%). The physical and chemical compositions of the cattle were obtained from the right half of the carcass and using samples taken between the 9th and 11th ribs of the left half of the carcass. The estimated and experimentally determined values were compared using the correlation and concordance coefficient, as well as the mean square error of prediction (MSEP) and its components. Results The HH46 equations were better at estimating the amount of muscle plus fat in the carcass. The amount of bone in the carcasses could not be well estimated by the HH46 and M12 models. The M12, HH46, and V06 equations were worst at estimating the amounts of protein, ether extract, and water in the carcass, respectively. In the empty body, the amounts of protein and water were well estimated by the HH46 equations. Protein, ether extract, and water were accurately estimated by the V06 equations, and ether extract by the M12 equations. Conclusion The physical and chemical composition of dairy crossbred bull carcasses, as well as the chemical composition of their empty bodies, can be predicted using the equations tested here. The amount of bone in these carcasses could not be accurately predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Marcos Inácio Marcondes
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570900, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Santana da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, UFRPE, Recife, Pernambuco 52171900, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo de Andrade Ferreira
- Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, UFRPE, Recife, Pernambuco 52171900, Brazil
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