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Cao X, Luo Y, Liu X, Shang C, Lu J, Song G, Deng C. Aptamer-thrombin loaded magnetic microspheres for bio-specific extraction and precise detection of hirudin. Talanta 2024; 267:125244. [PMID: 37757694 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Hirudin, that is naturally occurring in leeches (Hirudo medicinalis) and known as the most potent natural inhibitor of thrombin, exerts double-edged effects in clinic application. It can be used as a therapeutic ingredient for cardiovascular disease, while it can be regarded as a toxic polypeptide with bleeding risk. Effective detection of hirudin in biological samples contributes greatly to reasonable therapy. In this study, we proposed a smart adsorbent based on affinity magnetic microspheres, where thrombin was immobilized for capturing hirudin in the animal serum. Aptamer was introduced as a ligand for linking the magnetic agarose microspheres and thrombin, thereby avoiding loss of biological activity of the enzyme to hirudin. Taken recombinant hirudin variant 2-Lys47 (rHV2) as a model, we established a rapid and bio-specific extraction method coupled with liquid chromatography and quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF/MS) for determination of hirudin in the serum. Owing to this strategy, a low limit of detection (LOD) of rHV2 (0.5 nM), a good linearity with correlation coefficient of 0.9975, an acceptable precision with relative standard deviation (RSD) below 3.6% (n = 6) and acceptable recoveries ranging from 85.7% to 90.2% were achieved. Moreover, the functionalized magnetic composite could be reused for at least nine cycles. Our work combined the merits of affinity separation and advanced instrument analysis for hirudin, providing a new vision to precise determination of hirudin in medical and pharmaceutical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China; Research Center of Analysis and Measurement, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, PR China
| | - Yuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Xueli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Chunqing Shang
- Enriching Biotechnology (Shanghai) Co. Ltd, 1688 North Guoquan Road, Shanghai, 200438, PR China
| | - Jun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China.
| | - Guoxin Song
- Research Center of Analysis and Measurement, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, PR China.
| | - Chunhui Deng
- Department of Chemistry, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, PR China.
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Dang DS, Zhai C, Nair MN, Thornton KJ, Sawalhah MN, Matarneh SK. Tandem mass tag labeling to assess proteome differences between intermediate and very tender beef steaks. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:6652319. [PMID: 35908783 PMCID: PMC9339282 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenderness is considered as one of the most important quality attributes dictating consumers' overall satisfaction and future purchasing decisions of fresh beef. However, the ability to predict and manage tenderness has proven very challenging due to the numerous factors that contribute to variation in end-product tenderness. Proteomic profiling allows for global examination of differentially abundant proteins in the meat and can provide new insight into biological mechanisms related to meat tenderness. Hence, the objective of this study was to examine proteomic profiles of beef longissimus lumborum (LL) steaks varying in tenderness, with the intention to identify potential biomarkers related to tenderness. For this purpose, beef LL muscle samples were collected from 99 carcasses at 0 and 384 h postmortem. Based on Warner-Bratzler shear force values at 384 h, 16 samples with the highest (intermediate tender, IT) and lowest (very tender, VT) values were selected to be used for proteomic analysis in this study (n = 8 per category). Using tandem mass tag-based proteomics, a total of 876 proteins were identified, of which 51 proteins were differentially abundant (P < 0.05) between the tenderness categories and aging periods. The differentially identified proteins encompassed a wide array of biological processes related to muscle contraction, calcium signaling, metabolism, extracellular matrix organization, chaperone, and apoptosis. A greater (P < 0.05) relative abundance of proteins associated with carbohydrate metabolism and apoptosis, and a lower (P < 0.05) relative abundance of proteins involved in muscle contraction was observed in the VT steaks after aging compared with the IT steaks, suggesting that more proteolysis occurred in the VT steaks. This may be explained by the greater (P < 0.05) abundance of chaperonin and calcium-binding proteins in the IT steaks, which could have limited the extent of postmortem proteolysis in these steaks. In addition, a greater (P < 0.05) abundance of connective tissue proteins was also observed in the IT steaks, which likely contributed to the difference in tenderness due to added background toughness. The established proteomic database obtained in this study may provide a reference for future research regarding potential protein biomarkers that are associated with meat tenderness.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Dang
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Chaoyu Zhai
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Mahesh N Nair
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Kara J Thornton
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Mohammed N Sawalhah
- Department of Lands Management and Environment, Prince Al-Hasan Bin Talal Faculty for Natural Resources and Environment, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Sulaiman K Matarneh
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
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Abstract
Fresh meat quality is greatly determined through biochemical changes occurring in the muscle during its conversion to meat. These changes are key to imparting a unique set of characteristics on fresh meat, including its appearance, ability to retain moisture, and texture. Skeletal muscle is an extremely heterogeneous tissue composed of different types of fibers that have distinct contractile and metabolic properties. Fiber type composition determines the overall biochemical and functional properties of the muscle tissue and, subsequently, its quality as fresh meat. Therefore, changing muscle fiber profile in living animals through genetic selection or environmental factors has the potential to modulate fresh meat quality. We provide an overview of the biochemical processes responsible for the development of meat quality attributes and an overall understanding of the strong relationship between muscle fiber profile and meat quality in different meat species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saulo L Silva
- Animal Science Department, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil 13635-900;
| | - David E Gerrard
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA;
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Dang DS, Buhler JF, Thornton KJ, Legako JF, Matarneh SK. Myosin heavy chain isoform and metabolic profile differ in beef steaks varying in tenderness. Meat Sci 2020; 170:108266. [PMID: 32739757 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Our objective was to investigate possible differences in muscle fiber characteristics of beef longissimus lumborum (LL) steaks varying in tenderness (very tender vs. intermediate tender). Therefore, the relative abundance of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms and activity/abundance of several glycolytic and oxidative enzymes were compared between the two steak groups. Greater (P < 0.05) content of MHC type IIa (MHC-IIa) and activities of phosphofructokinase (PFK) and glycogen phosphorylase (GP) were observed in the very tender steaks. Conversely, intermediate tender steaks had greater (P < 0.05) contents of MHC type I (MHC-I) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and greater citrate synthase (CS) activity. Increased tenderness in the very tender steaks was associated with greater (P < 0.05) proteolysis as evaluated by desmin and troponin-T degradation. Further, mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) was lower (P < 0.05) in the very tender steaks than steaks of intermediate tenderness. Collectively, shifting muscle characteristics toward a more glycolytic type appears to positively impact postmortem proteolysis and tenderization.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Dang
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, United States
| | - Jared F Buhler
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, United States
| | - Kara J Thornton
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, United States
| | - Jerrad F Legako
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, United States
| | - Sulaiman K Matarneh
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, United States.
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Use of liquid isoelectric focusing (OFFGEL) on the discovery of meat tenderness biomarkers. J Proteomics 2018; 183:25-33. [PMID: 29751105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Protein biomarkers of meat tenderness are known to be of primary importance for the prediction of meat quality, and hence, industry profitability. Proteome analysis was performed on meat from 8 Main Anjou beef cattle, previously classified as tender or tough meats by Warner Bratzler shear force measurements. Myofibrillar fraction of Longissimus thoracis muscle was separated by a novel fractionation approach based on liquid isoelectric focusing (OFFGEL) and further analyzed by SDS-PAGE and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Obtained OFFGEL fraction profiles were reproducible allowing the comparison of both meat qualities and revealing 7 protein bands capable to discriminate between tender and tough samples. The proteins present in these bands were troponin T, Heat Shock protein beta-1, creatine kinase, actin, troponin C, myosins 1 and 2 and myozenin-1. The latter protein has not been previously reported as a marker of meat tenderness. SIGNIFICANCE This study introduces an innovative proteomic approach for the study of muscle proteome. The fact of obtaining fractions in liquid state after OFFGEL fractionation allows for a faster analysis of proteins by mass spectrometry, being an interesting alternative to more classical proteomic approaches based on two dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE).
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Chen Q, Hu X, Zhang DD, Chen XW, Wang JH. Selective Isolation of Myosin Subfragment-1 with a DNA-Polyoxovanadate Bioconjugate. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:2976-2984. [PMID: 29161498 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The bioconjugation of a polyoxometalate (POMs), i.e., dodecavanadate (V12O32), to DNA strands produces a functional labeled DNA primer, V12O32-DNA. The grafting of DNA primer onto streptavidin-coated magnetic nanoparticles (SVM) produces a novel composite, V12O32-DNA@SVM. The high binding-affinity of V12O32 with the ATP binding site in myosin subfragment-1 (S1) facilitates favorable adsorption of myosin, with an efficiency of 99.4% when processing 0.1 mL myosin solution (100 μg mL-1) using 0.1 mg composite. Myosin adsorption fits the Langmuir model, corresponding to a theoretical adsorption capacity of 613.5 mg g-1. The retained myosin is readily recovered by 1% SDS (m/m), giving rise to a recovery of 58.7%. No conformational change is observed for myosin after eliminating SDS by ultrafiltration. For practical use, high-purity myosin S1 is obtained by separation of myosin from the rough protein extract from porcine left ventricle, followed by digestion with α-chymotryptic and further isolation of S1 subfragment. The purified myosin S1 is identified with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight/mass spectrometry, giving rise to a sequence coverage of 38%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Chen
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University , Box 332, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Xue Hu
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University , Box 332, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Dan-Dan Zhang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University , Box 332, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Xu-Wei Chen
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University , Box 332, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Jian-Hua Wang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University , Box 332, Shenyang 110819, China
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