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Li Y, Tao X, Zhao P, Zhou J, Ao X. Effects of slaughter weight on carcass characteristics, meat quality, and metabolomics profiling in the longissimus dorsi muscle of Tianfu finishing pigs. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1420634. [PMID: 39005725 PMCID: PMC11239573 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1420634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of slaughter weight (SW) on carcass characteristics and meat quality, we measured the carcass characteristics, meat quality, and amino acid metabolomics characteristics of longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle from Tianfu finishing (TF) pigs. Based on SW, 13 pigs were divided into three groups (100-kg group, 125-kg group, and 150-kg group with 3, 5, 5 pigs in each group, respectively). Raising SW to 125 kg or 150 kg increased average backfat thickness (P < 0.01) and intramuscular fat content (P < 0.01), and decreased shear force (P < 0.01). A total of 231 amino acid metabolome from three amino acid classes identified with metabolomics were analyzed, and 93 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) were identified (69 up-regulated DEMs and 24 down-regulated DEMs). The DEMs, including urea, 3-iodo-L-tyrosine, N-glycyl-L-leucine, and N, N-dimethylglycine with amino acid metabolism, were significantly induced (P < 0.01). KEGG pathway analysis showed that these DEMs were significantly enriched (P < 0.01) in 135 metabolism pathways, including pathways related to amino acid metabolism, such as arginine and proline metabolism, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, and beta-alanine metabolism. Our research findings provided new insights into the impact of SW on amino acid distribution and theoretical support for genetic breeding of meat quality of TF pigs. However, raising SW to 125 kg, or more, decreased the carcass leanness of live TF pigs and had no benefits to pork quality attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfeng Li
- School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Xuan Tao
- Faculty of Quality Management and Inspection & Quarantine, Yibin University, Yibin, China
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, China
| | - Pinyao Zhao
- Faculty of Quality Management and Inspection & Quarantine, Yibin University, Yibin, China
- Solid-state Fermentation Resource Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Yibin, China
- Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Agri-Food Standardization and Inspection, Yibin, China
| | - Jianchuan Zhou
- School of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Sichuan Techlex Industrial Co. Ltd., Mianyang, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Faculty of Quality Management and Inspection & Quarantine, Yibin University, Yibin, China
- Sichuan Techlex Industrial Co. Ltd., Mianyang, China
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Rao S, Cui Z, Zhang L, Ma S, Huang S, Feng L, Chen Y, Luo J, Li J, Qian S, Liu H, Liu Y, Yang L, Yin Y, Tan C. Effects of dietary adenosine and adenosine 5′-monophosphate supplementation on carcass characteristics, meat quality, and lipid metabolism in adipose tissues of finishing pigs. Meat Sci 2023; 201:109174. [PMID: 37054497 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of adenosine (ADO) and adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) supplementation on the growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and lipid metabolism in adipose tissues of finishing pigs. The pigs were allocated to three treatment groups: the control diet, 0.2%ADO diet, or 0.2%AMP diet. Compared with CON group (CON), both ADO and AMP groups increased in carcass straight length (P < 0.05) and decreased in drip loss (P < 0.05), while AMP group tended to increase in redness value (P = 0.05) and decreased in free amino acid content in longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle (P < 0.05). Additionally, ADO or AMP supplementation increased the ADO or AMP content in serum, adipose tissue, and LT muscle (P < 0.05), as well as the protein level of adenosine 2A receptor (A2a) in adipose tissue (P < 0.05). Moreover, both ADO and AMP groups showed an increase in the expression of lipolysis genes (ATGL and HSL) in adipose tissue (P < 0.05). Overall, AMP supplementation could improve meat quality, and ADO and AMP supplementation regulate the lipid metabolism of finishing pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujuan Rao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhijuan Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Longmiao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shuo Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shuangbo Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Li Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yiling Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jinxi Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jinfeng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shiyu Qian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hanting Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yanzhi Liu
- Guangdong Yihao Local Pig Research Institute Co., Ltd., Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, China
| | - Linfang Yang
- Guangdong Yihao Local Pig Research Institute Co., Ltd., Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Chengquan Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Yang S, Yang R, He J, Zhang Y, Yuan Y, Yue T, Sheng Q. Au Nanoparticles Functionalized Covalent-Organic-Framework-Based Electrochemical Sensor for Sensitive Detection of Ractopamine. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040842. [PMID: 36832917 PMCID: PMC9956286 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ractopamine, as a feed additive, has attracted much attention due to its excessive use, leading to the damage of the human nervous system and physiological function. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to establish a rapid and effective method for the detection of ractopamine in food. Electrochemical sensors served as a promising technique for efficiently sensing food contaminants due to their low cost, sensitive response and simple operation. In this study, an electrochemical sensor for ractopamine detection based on Au nanoparticles functionalized covalent organic frameworks (AuNPs@COFs) was constructed. The AuNPs@COF nanocomposite was synthesized by in situ reduction and was characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope and electrochemical methods. The electrochemical sensing performance of AuNPs@COF-modified glassy carbon electrode for ractopamine was investigated using the electrochemical method. The proposed sensor exhibited excellent sensing abilities towards ractopamine and was used for the detection of ractopamine in meat samples. The results showed that this method has high sensitivity and good reliability for the detection of ractopamine. The linear range was 1.2-1600 μmol/L, and the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.12 μmol/L. It is expected that the proposed AuNPs@COF nanocomposites hold great promise for food safety sensing and should be extended for application in other related fields.
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Soares MH, de Amorim Rodrigues G, Júnior DTV, da Silva CB, Costa TC, de Souza Duarte M, Saraiva A. Performance, Carcass Traits, Pork Quality and Expression of Genes Related to Intramuscular Fat Metabolism of Two Diverse Genetic Lines of Pigs. Foods 2022; 11:foods11152280. [PMID: 35954050 PMCID: PMC9368243 DOI: 10.3390/foods11152280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the performance, carcass and pork quality traits, as well as the mRNA expression of genes related to intramuscular fat deposition in female pigs from different genetic lines. A total of eighteen female pigs (Large White × Landrace × Duroc × Pietrain) × (Large White × Landrace) (Hybrid) averaging 88.96 ± 3.44 kg in body weight and twelve female pigs (Duroc) × (Large White × Landrace) (Duroc) averaging 85.63 ± 1.55 kg in body weight were assigned to a completely randomized design experimental trial that lasted 45 days. Pigs from both genetic lines received the same diet, which was initially adjusted for their nutritional requirements from 0 to 17 days of age and subsequently adjusted for nutritional requirements from 17 to 45 days of age. The performance of pigs did not differ among groups (p > 0.05). Duroc pigs showed a lower backfat thickness (p < 0.03) and greater intramuscular fat content (p < 0.1). A greater mRNA expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma gene (PPARγ, p = 0.008) and fatty acid protein translocase/cluster differentiation (FAT/CD36, p = 0.002) was observed in the Longissimus dorsi muscle of Duroc pigs. Similarly, a greater expression of PPARγ (p = 0.009) and FAT/CD36 (p = 0.02) was observed in the Soleus muscle of Duroc pigs. Overall, we observed that despite the lack of differences in performance between the genetic groups, Duroc pigs had greater intramuscular fat content than hybrid pigs. The increased intramuscular fat content was associated with an increase in the mRNA expression of key transcriptional factors and genes encoding enzymes involved in adipogenesis and lipogenesis in glycolytic and oxidative skeletal muscle tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Henrique Soares
- Department of Animal Sciences, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil; (M.H.S.); (G.d.A.R.); (D.T.V.J.); (C.B.d.S.); (T.C.C.); (A.S.)
- Muscle Biology and Nutrigenomics Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Gustavo de Amorim Rodrigues
- Department of Animal Sciences, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil; (M.H.S.); (G.d.A.R.); (D.T.V.J.); (C.B.d.S.); (T.C.C.); (A.S.)
- Muscle Biology and Nutrigenomics Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Dante Teixeira Valente Júnior
- Department of Animal Sciences, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil; (M.H.S.); (G.d.A.R.); (D.T.V.J.); (C.B.d.S.); (T.C.C.); (A.S.)
- Muscle Biology and Nutrigenomics Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Caroline Brito da Silva
- Department of Animal Sciences, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil; (M.H.S.); (G.d.A.R.); (D.T.V.J.); (C.B.d.S.); (T.C.C.); (A.S.)
- Muscle Biology and Nutrigenomics Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Thaís Correia Costa
- Department of Animal Sciences, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil; (M.H.S.); (G.d.A.R.); (D.T.V.J.); (C.B.d.S.); (T.C.C.); (A.S.)
- Muscle Biology and Nutrigenomics Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Marcio de Souza Duarte
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G-2W1, Canada
- Correspondence:
| | - Alysson Saraiva
- Department of Animal Sciences, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil; (M.H.S.); (G.d.A.R.); (D.T.V.J.); (C.B.d.S.); (T.C.C.); (A.S.)
- Muscle Biology and Nutrigenomics Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil
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