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Bai H, Zhang H, Wang C, Lambo MT, Li Y, Zhang Y. Effects of altering the ratio of C16:0 and cis-9 C18:1 in rumen bypass fat on growth performance, lipid metabolism, intestinal barrier, cecal microbiota, and inflammation in fattening bulls. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:94. [PMID: 38971799 PMCID: PMC11227724 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-024-01052-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND C16:0 and cis-9 C18:1 may have different effects on animal growth and health due to unique metabolism in vivo. This study was investigated to explore the different effects of altering the ratio of C16:0 and cis-9 C18:1 in fat supplements on growth performance, lipid metabolism, intestinal barrier, cecal microbiota, and inflammation in fattening bulls. Thirty finishing Angus bulls (626 ± 69 kg, 21 ± 0.5 months) were divided into 3 treatments according to the randomized block design: (1) control diet without additional fat (CON), (2) CON + 2.5% palmitic acid calcium salt (PA, 90% C16:0), and (3) CON + 2.5% mixed fatty acid calcium salt (MA, 60% C16:0 + 30% cis-9 C18:1). The experiment lasted for 104 d, after which all the bulls were slaughtered and sampled for analysis. RESULTS MA tended to reduce 0-52 d dry matter intake compared to PA (DMI, P = 0.052). Compared with CON and MA, PA significantly increased 0-52 d average daily gain (ADG, P = 0.027). PA tended to improve the 0-52 d feed conversion rate compared with CON (FCR, P = 0.088). Both PA and MA had no significant effect on 52-104 days of DMI, ADG and FCR (P > 0.05). PA tended to improve plasma triglycerides compared with MA (P = 0.077), significantly increased plasma cholesterol (P = 0.002) and tended to improve subcutaneous adipose weight (P = 0.066) when compared with CON and MA. Both PA and MA increased visceral adipose weight compared with CON (P = 0.021). Only PA increased the colonization of Rikenellaceae, Ruminococcus and Proteobacteria in the cecum, and MA increased Akkermansia abundance (P < 0.05). Compared with CON, both PA and MA down-regulated the mRNA expression of Claudin-1 in the jejunum (P < 0.001), increased plasma diamine oxidase (DAO, P < 0.001) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS, P = 0.045). Compared with CON and MA, PA down-regulated the ZO-1 in the jejunum (P < 0.001) and increased plasma LPS-binding protein (LBP, P < 0.001). Compared with CON, only PA down-regulated the Occludin in the jejunum (P = 0.013). Compared with CON, PA and MA significantly up-regulated the expression of TLR-4 and NF-κB in the visceral adipose (P < 0.001) and increased plasma IL-6 (P < 0.001). Compared with CON, only PA up-regulated the TNF-α in the visceral adipose (P = 0.01). Compared with CON and MA, PA up-regulated IL-6 in the visceral adipose (P < 0.001), increased plasma TNF-α (P < 0.001), and reduced the IgG content in plasma (P = 0.035). Compared with CON, PA and MA increased C16:0 in subcutaneous fat and longissimus dorsi muscle (P < 0.05), while more C16:0 was also deposited by extension and desaturation into C18:0 and cis-9 C18:1. However, neither PA nor MA affected the content of cis-9 C18:1 in longissimus dorsi muscle compared with CON (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS MA containing 30% cis-9 C18:1 reduced the risk of high C16:0 dietary fat induced subcutaneous fat obesity, adipose tissue and systemic low-grade inflammation by accelerating fatty acid oxidative utilization, improving colonization of Akkermansia, reducing intestinal barrier damage, and down-regulating NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixin Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Haosheng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Congwen Wang
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Modinat Tolani Lambo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Yonggen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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Li H, Zhang X, Wang X, Wu Q, Zheng W, Liu C, Wei S, Zuo X, Xiao W, Ye H, Wang W, Yang L, Zhu Y. The developmental pattern related to fatty acid uptake and oxidation in the yolk sac membrane and jejunum during embryogenesis in Muscovy duck. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103929. [PMID: 38943802 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the developmental change of body growth and gene expression related to fatty acid uptake and oxidation in the yolk sac membrane (YSM) and jejunum during embryogenesis in Muscovy ducks. The weights of embryos and yolk sac (YS) (5 embryos per replicate, n = 6) were recorded on embryonic days (E)16, E19, E22, E25, E28, E31, and the day of hatch (DOH). The fat and fatty acid contents in YSM, jejunal histology, and gene expression related to fatty acid metabolism in YSM and jejunum were determined in each sampling time. Among the nonlinear models, the maximum growth is estimated at 2.83 (E22.5), 2.67 (E22.1), and 2.60 (E21.3) g/d using logistic, Gompertz, and Von Bertalanffy models, respectively. The weight of YS, and ether extract-free YS as well as the amounts of fat and fatty acids in YS decreased (P < 0.05) linearly, whereas the villus height, crypt depth, villus height/crypt depth, and musculature thickness in jejunum increased (P < 0.05) linearly during embryogenesis. The mRNA expression of CD36, SLC27A4, and FABP1 related to fatty acid uptake as well as the mRNA and protein expressions of PPARα and CPT1 related to fatty acid oxidation increased in a quadratic manner (P < 0.05) in both YS and jejunum, and the maximum values were achieved during E25 to E28. In conclusion, the maximum growth rate of Muscovy duck embryos was estimated at 2.60 to 2.83 g/d on E21.3 to E23.5, while the accumulations of lipid and fatty acid in YS were decreased in association with the increased absorptive area of morphological structures in jejunum. The gene and protein expression involved in fatty acid metabolism displayed a similar enhancement pattern between YSM and jejunum during E25 to E28, suggesting that fatty acid utilization could be strengthened to meet the energy demand for embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Xiufen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Qilin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Wenxuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Chuang Liu
- Wen's Food Group Co., Ltd, Yunfu 527400, China
| | - Shi Wei
- Wen's Food Group Co., Ltd, Yunfu 527400, China
| | - Xin Zuo
- Wen's Food Group Co., Ltd, Yunfu 527400, China
| | | | - Hui Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Wence Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Yongwen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000 China; Woman Biotechnology Co, Ltd, Guangzhou, 510000 China.
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Zhang M, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Lu C, Yang W, Xie X, Xin H, Lu X, Ni M, Yang X, Lv X, Jiao P. Effects of dietary Clostridium butyricum and rumen protected fat on meat quality, oxidative stability, and chemical composition of finishing goats. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:3. [PMID: 38225608 PMCID: PMC10789026 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00972-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clostridium butyricum (CB) is a probiotic that can regulate intestinal microbial composition and improve meat quality. Rumen protected fat (RPF) has been shown to increase the dietary energy density and provide essential fatty acids. However, it is still unknown whether dietary supplementation with CB and RPF exerts beneficial effects on growth performance and nutritional value of goat meat. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary CB and RPF supplementation on growth performance, meat quality, oxidative stability, and meat nutritional value of finishing goats. Thirty-two goats (initial body weight, 20.5 ± 0.82 kg) were used in a completely randomized block design with a 2 RPF supplementation (0 vs. 30 g/d) × 2 CB supplementation (0 vs. 1.0 g/d) factorial treatment arrangement. The experiment included a 14-d adaptation and 70-d data and sample collection period. The goats were fed a diet consisted of 400 g/kg peanut seedling and 600 g/kg corn-based concentrate (dry matter basis). RESULT Interaction between CB and RPF was rarely observed on the variables measured, except that shear force was reduced (P < 0.05) by adding CB or RPF alone or their combination; the increased intramuscular fat (IMF) content with adding RPF was more pronounced (P < 0.05) with CB than without CB addition. The pH24h (P = 0.009), a* values (P = 0.007), total antioxidant capacity (P = 0.050), glutathione peroxidase activities (P = 0.006), concentrations of 18:3 (P < 0.001), 20:5 (P = 0.003) and total polyunsaturated fatty acids (P = 0.048) were increased, whereas the L* values (P < 0.001), shear force (P = 0.050) and malondialdehyde content (P = 0.044) were decreased by adding CB. Furthermore, CB supplementation increased essential amino acid (P = 0.027), flavor amino acid (P = 0.010) and total amino acid contents (P = 0.024) as well as upregulated the expression of lipoprotein lipase (P = 0.034) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) (P = 0.012), and downregulated the expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) (P = 0.034). The RPF supplementation increased dry matter intake (P = 0.005), averaged daily gain (trend, P = 0.058), hot carcass weight (P = 0.046), backfat thickness (P = 0.006), concentrations of 16:0 (P < 0.001) and c9-18:1 (P = 0.002), and decreased the shear force (P < 0.001), isoleucine (P = 0.049) and lysine content (P = 0.003) of meat. In addition, the expressions of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (P = 0.003), fatty acid synthase (P = 0.038), SCD (P < 0.001) and PPARγ (P = 0.022) were upregulated due to RPF supplementation, resulting in higher (P < 0.001) content of IMF. CONCLUSIONS CB and RPF could be fed to goats for improving the growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality, and promote fat deposition by upregulating the expression of lipogenic genes of Longissimus thoracis muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meimei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyue Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinlong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Changming Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhu Yang
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Xiaolai Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Hangshu Xin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotan Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingbo Ni
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, 4343, Australia
| | - Xinyue Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyang Lv
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Peixin Jiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, 4343, Australia.
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Pereira-Junior SAG, Costa RV, Rodrigues JL, Torrecilhas JA, Chiaratti MR, Lanna DPD, das Chagas JC, Nociti RP, Meirelles FV, Ferraz JBS, Fernandes MHMR, Almeida MTC, Ezequiel JMB. Soybean molasses increases subcutaneous fat deposition while reducing lipid oxidation in the meat of castrated lambs. J Anim Sci 2024; 102:skae130. [PMID: 38719973 PMCID: PMC11208934 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skae130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of including soybean molasses (SM) on performance, blood parameters, carcass traits, meat quality, fatty acid, and muscle (longissimus thoracis) transcriptomic profiles of castrated lambs. Twenty Dorper × Santa Inês lambs (20.06 ± 0.76 kg body weight [BW]) were assigned to a randomized block design, stratified by BW, with the following treatments: CON: 0 g/kg of SM and SM20: 200 g/kg of SM on dry matter basis, allocated in individual pens. The diet consisted of 840 g/kg concentrate and 160 g/kg corn silage for 76 d, with the first 12 d as an adaptation period and the remaining 64 d on the finishing diet. The SM20 diet increased blood urea concentration (P = 0.03) while reduced glucose concentration (P = 0.04). Lambs fed SM showed higher subcutaneous fat deposition (P = 0.04) and higher subcutaneous adipocyte diameter (P < 0.01), in addition to reduced meat lipid oxidation (P < 0.01). SM reduced the quantity of branched-chain fatty acids in longissimus thoracis (P = 0.05) and increased the quantity of saturated fatty acids (P = 0.01). In the transcriptomic analysis, 294 genes were identified as differentially expressed, which belong to pathways such as oxidative phosphorylation, citric acid cycle, and monosaccharide metabolic process. In conclusion, diet with SM increased carcass fat deposition, reduced lipid oxidation, and changed the energy metabolism, supporting its use in ruminant nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sérgio A G Pereira-Junior
- Department of Animal Science, Agrarian Science and Veterinary College, São Paulo State University “Unesp”, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Rayanne V Costa
- Department of Animal Science, Agrarian Science and Veterinary College, São Paulo State University “Unesp”, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Julia L Rodrigues
- Department of Animal Science, Agrarian Science and Veterinary College, São Paulo State University “Unesp”, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana A Torrecilhas
- Department of Animal Production, Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science College, São Paulo State University “Unesp”, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos R Chiaratti
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Dante P D Lanna
- Department of Animal Science, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Julia C das Chagas
- Department of Animal Science, Agrarian Science and Veterinary College, São Paulo State University “Unesp”, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo P Nociti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SPBrazil
| | - Flavio V Meirelles
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SPBrazil
| | - José Bento S Ferraz
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SPBrazil
| | - Márcia H M R Fernandes
- Department of Animal Science, Agrarian Science and Veterinary College, São Paulo State University “Unesp”, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Marco Túlio C Almeida
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Jane M B Ezequiel
- Department of Animal Science, Agrarian Science and Veterinary College, São Paulo State University “Unesp”, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
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Cho H, Jeong S, Kang K, Lee M, Jeon S, Kang H, Kim H, Seo J, Oh J, Seo S. Effects of Dietary Fat Level of Concentrate Mix on Growth Performance, Rumen Characteristics, Digestibility, Blood Metabolites, and Methane Emission in Growing Hanwoo Steers. Animals (Basel) 2023; 14:139. [PMID: 38200870 PMCID: PMC10778547 DOI: 10.3390/ani14010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of different dietary fat levels in concentrate mixes on the growth performance, rumen characteristics, digestibility, blood metabolites, and methane emissions in growing Hanwoo steers. Thirty steers (386 ± 24.6 kg of body weight [BW]; 12 months old), blocked by BW, were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments with varying fat concentrations in concentrate mix (48, 74, and 99 g of ether extract per kg dry matte [DM]). The fat intake of the low-fat treatment represented 4.15% of the total dry matter intake (DMI), while the medium- and high-fat treatments accounted for 5.77% and 7.23% of total DMI, respectively. Concentrate mix DMI decreased with increasing fat level (p < 0.01). The growth rate and digestibility did not significantly differ based on the fat level (p > 0.05). As the fat level increased, propionate in the total ruminal volatile fatty acids increased, and butyrate and acetate-to-propionate decreased (p < 0.01). Cholesterol in blood serum increased significantly with increasing dietary fat levels (p < 0.01). Methane emissions exhibited a linear decrease with increasing fat level (p < 0.05). In conclusion, elevating fat content in the concentrates up to 100 g/kg DM reduced methane emissions without compromising the growth performance of growing Hanwoo steers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjin Cho
- Division of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; (H.C.); (S.J.); (K.K.); (M.L.); (S.J.); (H.K.)
| | - Sinyong Jeong
- Division of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; (H.C.); (S.J.); (K.K.); (M.L.); (S.J.); (H.K.)
| | - Kyewon Kang
- Division of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; (H.C.); (S.J.); (K.K.); (M.L.); (S.J.); (H.K.)
| | - Mingyung Lee
- Division of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; (H.C.); (S.J.); (K.K.); (M.L.); (S.J.); (H.K.)
| | - Seoyoung Jeon
- Division of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; (H.C.); (S.J.); (K.K.); (M.L.); (S.J.); (H.K.)
| | - Hamin Kang
- Division of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; (H.C.); (S.J.); (K.K.); (M.L.); (S.J.); (H.K.)
| | - Hanbeen Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (H.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Jakyeom Seo
- Department of Animal Science, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (H.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Joonpyo Oh
- Cargill Animal Nutrition Korea, Seongnam 13630, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seongwon Seo
- Division of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; (H.C.); (S.J.); (K.K.); (M.L.); (S.J.); (H.K.)
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Wu G, Qiu X, Jiao Z, Yang W, Pan H, Li H, Bian Z, Geng Q, Wu H, Jiang J, Chen Y, Cheng Y, Chen Q, Chen S, Man C, Du L, Li L, Wang F. Integrated Analysis of Transcriptome and Metabolome Profiles in the Longissimus Dorsi Muscle of Buffalo and Cattle. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:9723-9736. [PMID: 38132453 PMCID: PMC10741837 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45120607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Buffalo meat is gaining popularity for its nutritional properties, such as its low fat and cholesterol content. However, it is often unsatisfactory to consumers due to its dark color and low tenderness. There is currently limited research on the regulatory mechanisms of buffalo meat quality. Xinglong buffalo are raised in the tropical Hainan region and are undergoing genetic improvement from draught to meat production. For the first time, we evaluated the meat quality traits of Xinglong buffalo using the longissimus dorsi muscle and compared them to Hainan cattle. Furthermore, we utilized a multi-omics approach combining transcriptomics and metabolomics to explore the underlying molecular mechanism regulating meat quality traits. We found that the Xinglong buffalo had significantly higher meat color redness but lower amino acid content and higher shear force compared to Hainan cattle. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were identified, with them being significantly enriched in nicotinic acid and nicotinamide metabolic and glycine, serine, and threonine metabolic pathways. The correlation analysis revealed that those genes and metabolites (such as: GAMT, GCSH, PNP, L-aspartic acid, NADP+, and glutathione) are significantly associated with meat color, tenderness, and amino acid content, indicating their potential as candidate genes and biological indicators associated with meat quality. This study contributes to the breed genetic improvement and enhancement of buffalo meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lianbin Li
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, Animal Genetic Engineering Key Lab of Haikou, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (G.W.); (X.Q.); (Z.J.); (W.Y.); (H.P.); (Q.G.); (H.W.); (Y.C.); (S.C.); (L.D.)
| | - Fengyang Wang
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, Animal Genetic Engineering Key Lab of Haikou, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (G.W.); (X.Q.); (Z.J.); (W.Y.); (H.P.); (Q.G.); (H.W.); (Y.C.); (S.C.); (L.D.)
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