1
|
Sendra E, Fernández-Muñoz A, Zamorano L, Oliver A, Horcajada JP, Juan C, Gómez-Zorrilla S. Impact of multidrug resistance on the virulence and fitness of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a microbiological and clinical perspective. Infection 2024:10.1007/s15010-024-02313-x. [PMID: 38954392 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-024-02313-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common nosocomial pathogens and part of the top emergent species associated with antimicrobial resistance that has become one of the greatest threat to public health in the twenty-first century. This bacterium is provided with a wide set of virulence factors that contribute to pathogenesis in acute and chronic infections. This review aims to summarize the impact of multidrug resistance on the virulence and fitness of P. aeruginosa. Although it is generally assumed that acquisition of resistant determinants is associated with a fitness cost, several studies support that resistance mutations may not be associated with a decrease in virulence and/or that certain compensatory mutations may allow multidrug resistance strains to recover their initial fitness. We discuss the interplay between resistance profiles and virulence from a microbiological perspective but also the clinical consequences in outcomes and the economic impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Sendra
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CEXS-Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Passeig Marítim 25-27, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Almudena Fernández-Muñoz
- Research Unit, University Hospital Son Espases-Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Microbiology Department, University Hospital Son Espases, Crtra. Valldemossa 79, 07010, Palma, Spain
| | - Laura Zamorano
- Research Unit, University Hospital Son Espases-Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Microbiology Department, University Hospital Son Espases, Crtra. Valldemossa 79, 07010, Palma, Spain
| | - Antonio Oliver
- Research Unit, University Hospital Son Espases-Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Microbiology Department, University Hospital Son Espases, Crtra. Valldemossa 79, 07010, Palma, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research in Infectious Diseases Network (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Horcajada
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CEXS-Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Passeig Marítim 25-27, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research in Infectious Diseases Network (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Juan
- Research Unit, University Hospital Son Espases-Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Microbiology Department, University Hospital Son Espases, Crtra. Valldemossa 79, 07010, Palma, Spain.
- Center for Biomedical Research in Infectious Diseases Network (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Silvia Gómez-Zorrilla
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CEXS-Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Passeig Marítim 25-27, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
- Center for Biomedical Research in Infectious Diseases Network (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Contreras-Martínez OI, Sierra-Quiroz D, Angulo-Ortíz A. Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Potential of Ethanolic Extracts of Duguetia vallicola (Annonaceae) against in-Hospital Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1412. [PMID: 38794482 PMCID: PMC11126144 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that is especially dominant in people with cystic fibrosis; the drug resistance expressed by this pathogen and its capacity for adaptation poses a significant challenge to its treatment and control, thereby increasing morbidity and mortality rates globally. In this sense, the search for new treatment alternatives is imminent today, with products of plant origin being an excellent alternative for use. The objective of this research was to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm potential and to explore the possible effect of ethanolic extracts from the wood and bark of Duguetia vallicola on the cell membrane. Microdilution assays showed the inhibition of bacterial growth by more than 50%, with the lowest concentration (62.5 μg/mL) of both extracts evaluated. Furthermore, we report the ability of both extracts to inhibit mature biofilms, with inhibition percentages between 48.4% and 93.7%. Intracellular material leakage experiments (260/280 nm), extracellular pH measurements, and fluorescence microscopy with acridine orange (AO) and ethidium bromide (EB) showed cell membrane damage. This indicates that the antibacterial action of ethanolic extracts of D. vallicola is associated with damage to the integrity of the cell membrane and consequent death of these pathogens. These results serve as a reference for future studies in establishing the mechanisms of action of these extracts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Orfa Inés Contreras-Martínez
- Biology Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Córdoba, Montería 230002, Colombia; (O.I.C.-M.); (D.S.-Q.)
| | - Daniela Sierra-Quiroz
- Biology Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Córdoba, Montería 230002, Colombia; (O.I.C.-M.); (D.S.-Q.)
| | - Alberto Angulo-Ortíz
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Córdoba, Montería 230002, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hernández-Jiménez P, López-Medrano F, Fernández-Ruiz M, Silva JT, Corbella L, San-Juan R, Lizasoain M, Díaz-Regañón J, Viedma E, Aguado JM. Risk Factors and Outcomes for Multidrug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Immunocompromised Patients. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11111459. [PMID: 36358114 PMCID: PMC9686626 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11111459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PSA) infection often occurs in immunocompromised patients, which also face an increased risk of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. A deeper knowledge of the risk factors for MDR-PSA infection in this patient population may help to choose appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy. Methods: a single-center case-control (1:2) retrospective study that included 48 patients with underlying immunosuppression developing MDR-PSA infection (cases) and 96 patients also immunocompromised that were infected with non-MDR-PSA (controls) was conducted. Both groups were matched by site of infection, clinical features and type of immunosuppression. Risk factors for MDR-PSA were assessed by logistic regression. Clinical outcomes were also compared between both groups. Results: immunosuppression was due to solid cancer in 63 (43.8%) patients, solid organ transplantation in 39 (27.1%), hematological disease in 35 (24.3%) and other causes in 7 (4.9%). Independent risk factors for MDR-PSA infection were diabetes mellitus (odds ratio [OR]: 4.74; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.63−13.79; p = 0.004), antibiotic therapy in the previous 3 months (OR: 5.32; 95% CI: 1.93−14.73; p = 0.001), previous MDR-PSA colonization (OR: 42.1; 95% CI: 4.49−394.8; p = 0.001) and septic shock (OR: 3.73; 95% CI: 1.36−10.21; p = 0.010). MDR-PSA cases were less likely to receive adequate empirical therapy (14 [29.2%] vs. 69 [71.9%]; p < 0.001). 30-day clinical improvement was less common in MDR-PSA cases (25 [52.1%] vs. 76 [79.2%]; p = 0.001). Conclusions: diabetes mellitus, previous MDR-PSA colonization, prior receipt of antibiotics and septic shock acted as risk factors for developing MDR-PSA infections in immunocompromised patients, who have a poorer outcome than those infected with non-MDR-PSA strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Hernández-Jiménez
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario “12 de Octubre”, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital “12 de Octubre” (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-659537429
| | - Francisco López-Medrano
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario “12 de Octubre”, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital “12 de Octubre” (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Mario Fernández-Ruiz
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario “12 de Octubre”, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital “12 de Octubre” (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - J. Tiago Silva
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario “12 de Octubre”, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital “12 de Octubre” (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Corbella
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario “12 de Octubre”, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital “12 de Octubre” (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael San-Juan
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario “12 de Octubre”, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital “12 de Octubre” (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Manuel Lizasoain
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario “12 de Octubre”, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital “12 de Octubre” (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Esther Viedma
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario “12 de Octubre”, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital “12 de Octubre” (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - José María Aguado
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario “12 de Octubre”, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital “12 de Octubre” (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
How to Manage Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1386:425-445. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-08491-1_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
5
|
Kang JS, Moon C, Mun SJ, Lee JE, Lee SO, Lee S, Lee SH. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Trends and Risk Factors for Antimicrobial Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteremia: 12-Year Experience in a Tertiary Hospital in Korea. J Korean Med Sci 2021; 36:e273. [PMID: 34751008 PMCID: PMC8575761 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infections caused by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDRPA) have been on the rise worldwide, and delayed active antimicrobial therapy is associated with high mortality. However, few studies have evaluated increases in P. aeruginosa infections with antimicrobial resistance and risk factors for such antimicrobial resistance in Korea. Here, we analyzed changes in antimicrobial susceptibility associated with P. aeruginosa bacteremia and identified risk factors of antimicrobial resistance. METHODS The medical records of patients with P. aeruginosa bacteremia who were admitted to a tertiary hospital between January 2009 and October 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Antibiotic resistance rates were compared among the time periods of 2009-2012, 2013-2016, and 2017-2020 and between the intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU setting. Empirical antimicrobial therapy was considered concordant, if the organism was susceptible to antibiotics in vitro, and discordant, if resistant. RESULTS During the study period, 295 patients with P. aeruginosa bacteremia were identified. The hepatobiliary tract (26.8%) was the most common primary site of infection. The rates of carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa (CRPA), MDRPA, and extensively drug-resistant P. aeruginosa (XDRPA) were 24.7%, 35.9%, and 15.9%, respectively. XDRPA showed an increasing trend, and CRPA, MDRPA, and XDRPA were also gradually increasing in non-ICU setting. Previous exposure to fluoroquinolones and glycopeptides and urinary tract infection were independent risk factors associated with CRPA, MDRPA, and XDRPA. Previous exposure to carbapenems was an independent risk factor of CRPA. CRPA, MDRPA, and XDRPA were associated with discordant empirical antimicrobial therapy. CONCLUSION The identification of risk factors for antimicrobial resistance and analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility might be important for concordant empirical antimicrobial therapy in patients with P. aeruginosa bacteremia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Suk Kang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Chisook Moon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
| | - Seok Jun Mun
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Soon Ok Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Shinwon Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Sun Hee Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vissichelli NC, Sima AP, Wenzel RP. Severe Sepsis: The Fragile Anatomy of Crude Mortality. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 73:1327-1329. [PMID: 34379735 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical trials of severe sepsis that target crude (total) mortality as an end point do not have sufficient power to detect differences in mortality due to the intervention. We aim to discuss the importance of including the subcomponents of crude mortality in study design; estimate how sample size requirements change based on the proportion of attributable mortality; and how minor changes from predicted outcomes can affect results. We derived statistical curves to illustrate our points.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole C Vissichelli
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA, USA
| | | | - Richard P Wenzel
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Papynov E, Shichalin O, Buravlev I, Belov A, Portnyagin A, Mayorov V, Merkulov E, Kaidalova T, Skurikhina Y, Turkutyukov V, Fedorets A, Apanasevich V. CaSiO 3-HAp Structural Bioceramic by Sol-Gel and SPS-RS Techniques: Bacteria Test Assessment. J Funct Biomater 2020; 11:jfb11020041. [PMID: 32545491 PMCID: PMC7353512 DOI: 10.3390/jfb11020041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The article presents an original way of getting porous and mechanically strong CaSiO3-HAp ceramics, which is highly desirable for bone-ceramic implants in bone restoration surgery. The method combines wet and solid-phase approaches of inorganic synthesis: sol-gel (template) technology to produce the amorphous xonotlite (Ca6Si6O17·2OH) as the raw material, followed by its spark plasma sintering–reactive synthesis (SPS-RS) into ceramics. Formation of both crystalline wollastonite (CaSiO3) and hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) occurs “in situ” under SPS conditions, which is the main novelty of the method, due to combining the solid-phase transitions of the amorphous xonotlite with the chemical reaction within the powder mixture between CaO and CaHPO4. Formation of pristine HAp and its composite derivative with wollastonite was studied by means of TGA and XRD with the temperatures of the “in situ” interactions also determined. A facile route to tailor a macroporous structure is suggested, with polymer (siloxane-acrylate latex) and carbon (fibers and powder) fillers being used as the pore-forming templates. Microbial tests were carried out to reveal the morphological features of the bacterial film Pseudomonas aeruginosa that formed on the surface of the ceramics, depending on the content of HAp (0, 20, and 50 wt%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniy Papynov
- Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prosp. 100-letiya Vladivostoka, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (O.S.); (I.B.); (A.B.); (A.P.); (V.M.); (E.M.); (T.K.)
- Far Eastern Federal University, 8, Sukhanova St., Vladivostok 690091, Russia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Oleg Shichalin
- Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prosp. 100-letiya Vladivostoka, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (O.S.); (I.B.); (A.B.); (A.P.); (V.M.); (E.M.); (T.K.)
- Far Eastern Federal University, 8, Sukhanova St., Vladivostok 690091, Russia;
| | - Igor Buravlev
- Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prosp. 100-letiya Vladivostoka, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (O.S.); (I.B.); (A.B.); (A.P.); (V.M.); (E.M.); (T.K.)
- Far Eastern Federal University, 8, Sukhanova St., Vladivostok 690091, Russia;
| | - Anton Belov
- Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prosp. 100-letiya Vladivostoka, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (O.S.); (I.B.); (A.B.); (A.P.); (V.M.); (E.M.); (T.K.)
- Far Eastern Federal University, 8, Sukhanova St., Vladivostok 690091, Russia;
| | - Arseniy Portnyagin
- Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prosp. 100-letiya Vladivostoka, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (O.S.); (I.B.); (A.B.); (A.P.); (V.M.); (E.M.); (T.K.)
| | - Vitaliy Mayorov
- Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prosp. 100-letiya Vladivostoka, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (O.S.); (I.B.); (A.B.); (A.P.); (V.M.); (E.M.); (T.K.)
| | - Evgeniy Merkulov
- Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prosp. 100-letiya Vladivostoka, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (O.S.); (I.B.); (A.B.); (A.P.); (V.M.); (E.M.); (T.K.)
| | - Taisiya Kaidalova
- Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prosp. 100-letiya Vladivostoka, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (O.S.); (I.B.); (A.B.); (A.P.); (V.M.); (E.M.); (T.K.)
| | - Yulia Skurikhina
- Pacific State Medical University, 2, Ostryakov Aven., Vladivostok 690990, Russia; (Y.S.); (V.T.); (V.A.)
| | - Vyacheslav Turkutyukov
- Pacific State Medical University, 2, Ostryakov Aven., Vladivostok 690990, Russia; (Y.S.); (V.T.); (V.A.)
| | - Alexander Fedorets
- Far Eastern Federal University, 8, Sukhanova St., Vladivostok 690091, Russia;
| | - Vladimir Apanasevich
- Pacific State Medical University, 2, Ostryakov Aven., Vladivostok 690990, Russia; (Y.S.); (V.T.); (V.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ruiz-Azcona L, Santibañez M, Gimeno A, Roig FJ, Vanaclocha H, Ventero MP, Boix V, Sánchez-Payá J, Portilla-Sogorb J, Merino E, Rodríguez JC. Etiology of bloodstream infections at a population level during 2013-2017 in the Autonomous Community of Valencia, Spain. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA 2020; 33:200-206. [PMID: 32345004 PMCID: PMC7262391 DOI: 10.37201/req/024.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Bloodstream Infections has become in one of the priorities for the antimicrobial stewardship teams due to their high mortality and morbidity rates. Usually, the first antibiotic treatment for this pathology must be empirical, without microbiology data about the microorganism involved. For this reason, the population studies about the etiology of bacteremia are a key factor to improve the selection of the empirical treatment, because they describe the main microorganisms associated to this pathology in each area, and this data could facilitate the selection of correct antibiotic therapy. Material and methods This study describes the etiology of bloodstream infections in the Southeast of Spain. The etiology of bacteremia was analysed by a retrospective review of all age-ranged patients from every public hospital in the Autonomous Community of Valencia (approximately 5,000,000 inhabitants) for five years. Results A total of 92,097 isolates were obtained, 44.5% of them were coagulase-negative staphylococci. Enterobacteriales was the most prevalent group and an increase in frequency was observed along the time. Streptococcus spp. were the second microorganisms more frequently isolated. Next, the most prevalent were Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus spp., both with a stable incidence along the study. Finally, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the fifth microorganism more frequently isolated. Conclusions These data constitute a useful tool that can help in the choice of empirical treatment for bloodstream infections, since the knowledge of local epidemiology is key to prescribe a fast and appropriate antibiotic therapy, aspect capital to improve survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - M P Ventero
- Maria Paz Ventero, Servicio Microbiología. Hospital General Universitario de Alicante. Instituto de Investigación, Biomédica y Sanitaria de Alicante (ISABIAL). C/ Pintor Baeza 10. 03010, Alicante, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Seven-Year Trend of Antimicrobial Resistance of Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas spp. Causing Bloodstream Infections: A Retrospective Study from Shiraz, Southern Iran. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2019. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.85819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|