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Xiao F, Li W, Xu H. Advances in magnetic nanoparticles for the separation of foodborne pathogens: Recognition, separation strategy, and application. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:4478-4504. [PMID: 36037285 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Foodborne pathogens contamination is one of the main sources of food safety problems. Although the existing detection methods have been developed for a long time, the complexity of food samples is still the main factor affecting the detection time and sensitivity, and the rapid separation and enrichment of pathogens is still an objective to be studied. Magnetic separation strategy based on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) is considered to be an effective tool for rapid separation and enrichment of foodborne pathogens in food. Therefore, this study comprehensively reviews the development of MNPs in the separation of foodborne pathogens over the past decade. First, various biorecognition reagents for identification of foodborne pathogens and their modifications on the surface of MNPs are introduced. Then, the factors affecting the separation of foodborne pathogens, including the size of MNPs, modification methods, separation strategies and separation forms are discussed. Finally, the application of MNPs in integrated detection methods is reviewed. Moreover, current challenges and prospects of MNPs for the analysis of foodborne pathogens are discussed. Further research should focus on the design of multifunctional MNPs, the processing of large-scale samples, the simultaneous analysis of multiple targets, and the development of all-in-one small analytical device with separation and detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangbin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Weiqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Hengyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
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Leong SS, Ahmad Z, Low SC, Camacho J, Faraudo J, Lim J. Unified View of Magnetic Nanoparticle Separation under Magnetophoresis. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:8033-8055. [PMID: 32551702 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The migration process of magnetic nanoparticles and colloids in solution under the influence of magnetic field gradients, which is also known as magnetophoresis, is an essential step in the separation technology used in various biomedical and engineering applications. Many works have demonstrated that in specific situations, separation can be performed easily with the weak magnetic field gradients created by permanent magnets, a process known as low-gradient magnetic separation (LGMS). Due to the level of complexity involved, it is not possible to understand the observed kinetics of LGMS within the classical view of magnetophoresis. Our experimental and theoretical investigations in the last years unravelled the existence of two novel physical effects that speed up the magnetophoresis kinetics and explain the observed feasibility of LGMS. Those two effects are (i) cooperative magnetophoresis (due to the cooperative motion of strongly interacting particles) and (ii) magnetophoresis-induced convection (fluid dynamics instability originating from inhomogeneous magnetic gradients). In this feature article, we present a unified view of magnetophoresis based on the extensive research done on these effects. We present the physical basis of each effect and also propose a classification of magnetophoresis into four distinct regimes. This classification is based on the range of values of two dimensionless quantities, namely, aggregation parameter N* and magnetic Grashof number Grm, which include all of the dependency of LGMS on various physical parameters (such as particle properties, thermodynamic parameters, fluid properties, and magnetic field properties). This analysis provides a holistic view of the classification of transport mechanisms in LGMS, which could be particularly useful in the design of magnetic separators for engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sim Siong Leong
- Department of Petrochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar 31900, Perak, Malaysia
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Zainal Ahmad
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Siew Chun Low
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Juan Camacho
- Departament de Física, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jordi Faraudo
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), C/dels Til.lers s/n, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - JitKang Lim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia
- Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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Huang Z, Hu S, Xiong Y, Wei H, Xu H, Duan H, Lai W. Application and development of superparamagnetic nanoparticles in sample pretreatment and immunochromatographic assay. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Gómez-Pastora J, González-Fernández C, Real E, Iles A, Bringas E, Furlani EP, Ortiz I. Computational modeling and fluorescence microscopy characterization of a two-phase magnetophoretic microsystem for continuous-flow blood detoxification. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:1593-1606. [PMID: 29748668 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00396c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic beads can be functionalized to capture and separate target pathogens from blood for extracorporeal detoxification. The beads can be magnetically separated from a blood stream and collected into a coflowing buffer solution using a two-phase liquid-liquid continuous-flow microfluidic device in the presence of an external field. However, device design and process optimization, i.e. high bead recovery with minimum blood loss or dilution remain a substantial technological challenge. We introduce a CFD-based Eulerian-Lagrangian computational model that enables the rational design and optimization of such systems. The model takes into account dominant magnetic and hydrodynamic forces on the beads as well as coupled bead-fluid interactions. Fluid flow (Navier-Stokes equations) and mass transfer (Fick's law) between the coflowing fluids are solved numerically, while the magnetic force on the beads is predicted using analytical methods. The model is demonstrated via application to a prototype device and used to predict key performance metrics; degree of bead separation, flow patterns, and mass transfer, i.e. blood diffusion to the buffer phase. The impact of different process variables and parameters - flow rates, bead and magnet dimensions and fluid viscosities - on both bead recovery and blood loss or dilution is quantified for the first time. The performance of the prototype device is characterized using fluorescence microscopy and the experimental results are found to match theoretical predictions within an absolute error of 15%. While the model is demonstrated here for analysis of a detoxification device, it can be readily adapted to a broad range of magnetically-enabled microfluidic applications, e.g. bioseparation, sorting and sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenifer Gómez-Pastora
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Cantabria, Av. de los Castros s/n, 39005, Santander, Cantabria, Spain.
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Pilou M, Mavrofrydi O, Housiadas C, Eleftheriadis K, Papazafiri P. Computational modeling as part of alternative testing strategies in the respiratory and cardiovascular systems: Inhaled nanoparticle dose modeling based on representative aerosol measurements and corresponding toxicological analysis. Nanotoxicology 2013; 9 Suppl 1:106-15. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2013.861527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Zhang J, Feng Z, Jia X, Liang M, Men Z, Zhang Y, Bu Y, Li W. High gradient magnetic separation of catalyst/wax mixture in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis: Modeling and experimental study. Chem Eng Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2013.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Beveridge JS, Stephens JR, Williams ME. The use of magnetic nanoparticles in analytical chemistry. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2011; 4:251-73. [PMID: 21417723 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061010-114041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles uniquely combine superparamagnetic behavior with dimensions that are smaller than or the same size as molecular analytes. The integration of magnetic nanoparticles with analytical methods has opened new avenues for sensing, purification, and quantitative analysis. Applied magnetic fields can be used to control the motion and properties of magnetic nanoparticles; in analytical chemistry, use of magnetic fields provides methods for manipulating and analyzing species at the molecular level. In this review, we describe applications of magnetic nanoparticles to analyte handling, chemical sensors, and imaging techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob S Beveridge
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16803, USA.
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Mathieu JB, Martel S. Steering of aggregating magnetic microparticles using propulsion gradients coils in an MRI Scanner. Magn Reson Med 2010; 63:1336-45. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.22279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Gijs MAM, Lacharme F, Lehmann U. Microfluidic applications of magnetic particles for biological analysis and catalysis. Chem Rev 2010; 110:1518-63. [PMID: 19961177 DOI: 10.1021/cr9001929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 368] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin A M Gijs
- Laboratory of Microsystems, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne EPFL, Switzerland.
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Haverkort JW, Kenjeres S, Kleijn CR. Magnetic particle motion in a Poiseuille flow. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2009; 80:016302. [PMID: 19658801 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.80.016302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2009] [Revised: 05/25/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The manipulation of magnetic particles in a continuous flow with magnetic fields is central to several biomedical applications, including magnetic cell separation and magnetic drug targeting. A simplified two-dimensional (2D) equation describing the motion of particles in a planar Poiseuille flow is considered for various magnetic field configurations. Exact analytical solutions are derived for the particle motion under the influence of a constant magnetization force and a force decaying as a power of the source distance, e.g., due to a current carrying wire or a magnetized cylinder. For a source distance much larger than the transversal size of the flow, a general solution is derived and applied to the important case of a magnetic dipole. This solution is used to investigate the dependence of the particle capture efficiency on the dipole orientation. A correction factor to convert the obtained 2D results to a three-dimensional cylindrical geometry is derived and validated against computational simulations. Simulations are also used to investigate parameter ranges beyond the region of applicability of the analytical results and to investigate more complex magnetic field configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Haverkort
- Department of Multi-Scale Physics, Delft University of Technology, Prins Bernhardlaan 6, 2628 BW Delft, The Netherlands.
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