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Zhou Z, Shi R, Wang J, Han X, Gao W, Jiao J, Qi Y, Li Y, Zhou Y, Zhao J. Finite Element Analysis of Different Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polyetheretherketone Dental Implants in Implant-supported Fixed Denture. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2024:101902. [PMID: 38685354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2024.101902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to determine the feasibility of polyetheretherketone-based dental implants, and analyze the stress and strain around different kinds of dental implants by finite element analysis. METHODS The radiographic data was disposed to models in Mimics 19.0. 3D models of implants, crowns and jawbones were established and combined in SolidWorks 2018. Appling axial and oblique loads of 100 N, cloud pictures were exported in Ansys Workbench 18.0 to calculate and analyze the stress and strain in and around different implants. RESULTS Oblique load tended to deliver more stress to bone tissue than axial load. The uniformity of stress distribution was the best for 30% short carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone implants at axial and buccolingual directions. Stress shielding phenomenon occurred at the neck of 60% continuous carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone and titanium implants. Stress concentration appeared in PEEK implants and the load of bone tissue would aggravate. CONCLUSIONS 30% short carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone implants demonstrate a more uniform stress distribution in bone-implant contact and surrounding bone than titanium. Stress shielding and stress concentration may be avoided in bone-implant interface and bone tissue. Bone disuse-atrophy may be inhibited in PEEK-based implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Ruining Shi
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Junqi Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Xiao Han
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Weijia Gao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Junjie Jiao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Yuanzheng Qi
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Yongli Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Yanmin Zhou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Jinghui Zhao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Sun M, Shui Y, Zhang Y, Ma R, Zhao Y, Chen H, Yu P, Li Z, Wu T, Yu H. Influence of Abutment Screw-Tightening Methods on the Screw Joint: Immediate and Long-Term Stability. Int J Dent 2024; 2024:5768318. [PMID: 38264680 PMCID: PMC10805556 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5768318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the influence of screw-tightening methods on the immediate and long-term stability of dental implant screw joints. Methodology. A total of 150 implants of three different implant systems with different diameters were used in this study. Each group was divided into three subgroups (n = 5), according to the tightening methods (A-tightening with recommended torque and retorque after 10 min; B-tightening with recommended torque, then loosening and immediate retorque; C-tightening with recommended torque only once). The operating time of tightening the assemblies was recorded. Ten minutes later, the immediate removal torque (IRT) (Ncm) was measured. After retightening the assemblies, a dynamic load between 20 and 200 N was applied for 105 cycles, and the postloading removal torque (PRT) (Ncm) was measured. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the surface topography of the screws. Results For different types of implants, the IRTs were 11.92 ± 1.04-34.12 ± 0.36 Ncm for method A, 11.64 ± 0.57-33.96 ± 0.29 Ncm for method B, and 10.30 ± 0.41-31.62 ± 0.52 Ncm for method C, and the IRTs of methods A and B were 6.28%-21.58% higher than that of method C (P ≤ 0.046). The PRTs were 4.08 ± 0.77-29.86 ± 0.65 Ncm for method A, 4.04 ± 0.40-29.60 ± 0.36 Ncm for method B, and 2.98 ± 0.26-26.38 ± 0.59 Ncm for method C, and the PRTs of methods A and B were 11.77%-44.87% higher than that of method C (P ≤ 0.016). The removal torque loss rates of methods A (12.49% ± 0.99%-65.88% ± 4.83%) and B (12.84% ± 0.96%-65.35% ± 1.95%) were 3.04%-7.74% lower than that of method C (16.58% ± 0.56%-71.10% ± 1.58%) (P ≤ 0.017). The operating time of method A was much longer than those of methods B and C (P < 0.001). The structural integrity disruption of the screw thread was observed according to the SEM results in all postloading groups. Conclusions Method B (torquing and then loosening and immediate retorquing) increases the screw joint immediate stability by 6.28%-21.58% and the long-term stability by 11.77%-44.87% compared with method C (torquing only once), has comparable screw joint stability compared with method A (retorquing after 10 min), saves time and is recommended in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manlin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yusen Shui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruiyang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuwei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Aktas T, Diker N. Biomechanical effects of inclined implant shoulder design in all-on-four treatment concept: a three-dimensional finite element analysis. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 2023; 68:583-591. [PMID: 37283247 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2023-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to assess the biomechanical behaviour of using a posterior implant design with inclined shoulder designs in all-on-four treatment via three-dimensional finite element analysis. METHODS Implants with standard and inclined shoulder designs were modelled for posterior implants. Implants were positioned into the maxilla and mandible models according to the all-on-four concept. Compressive stresses in the peri-implant bone, the von Mises stresses in the different components of the prosthetic restoration, and movement of the prosthesis were obtained. RESULTS The compressive stresses of the models with inclined shoulder design resulted in 15-58 % decrease compared with standard shoulder design. The von Mises stresses in the posterior implants reduced 18-47 %, stresses in the implant body increased 38-78 %, stresses in the abutment screw reduced 20-65 %, stresses in the framework of prosthesis reduced 1-18 % and deformation of the prosthesis was reduced 6-37 % in the models of inclined shoulder design compared with models of standard shoulder design. The compressive and von Mises stresses were generally higher in the mandible models than in the maxilla models for standard and inclined shoulder designs. CONCLUSIONS All evaluated components of the simulated treatment except for posterior abutment bodies showed better biomechanical behaviour with inclined shoulder design. The clinical success of all-on-four treatment maybe enhanced by using posterior implants with an inclined shoulder design.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nurettin Diker
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Yuan X, Liu Y, Yang Y, Ren M, Luo L, Zheng L, Liu Y. Effect of short implant crown-to-implant ratio on stress distribution in anisotropic bone with different osseointegration rates. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:683. [PMID: 37730562 PMCID: PMC10512631 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03379-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to provide evidence for the clinical application of single short implants by establishing an anisotropic, three-dimensional (3D) finite element mandible model and simulating the effect of crown-to-implant ratio (CIR) on biomechanics around short implants with different osseointegration rates. METHODS Assuming that the bone is transversely isotropic by finite element method, we created four distinct models of implants for the mandibular first molar. Subsequently, axial and oblique forces were applied to the occlusal surface of these models. Ultimately, the Abaqus 2020 software was employed to compute various mechanical parameters, including the maximum von Mises stress, tensile stress, compressive stress, shear stress, displacement, and strains in the peri-implant bone tissue. RESULTS Upon establishing consistent osseointegration rates, the distribution of stress exhibited similarities across models with varying CIRs when subjected to vertical loads. However, when exposed to inclined loads, the maximum von Mises stress within the cortical bone escalated as the CIR heightened. Among both loading scenarios, notable escalation in the maximum von Mises stress occurred in the model featuring a CIR of 2.5 and an osseointegration rate of 25%. Conversely, other models displayed comparable strength. Notably, stress and strain values uniformly increased with augmented osseointegration across all models. Furthermore, an increase in osseointegration rate correlated with reduced maximum displacement for both cortical bone and implants. CONCLUSIONS After fixing osseointegration rates, the stress around shorter implants increased as the CIR increased under inclined loads. Thus, the effect of lateral forces should be considered when selecting shorter implants. Moreover, an implant failure risk was present in cases with a CIR ≥ 2.5 and low osseointegration rates. Additionally, the higher the osseointegration rate, the more readily the implant can achieve robust stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yuan
- Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116000, China
| | - Yunhe Yang
- Dalian Stomatological Hospital, Dalian, 116000, China
| | - Mingfa Ren
- Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116000, China
| | - Lailong Luo
- Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116000, China
| | - Lang Zheng
- Dalian University, Dalian, 116000, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dalian Stomatological Hospital, 935 Changjiang Road, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116000, China.
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Kshirsagar M, Dhatrak P. Strain based in vitro analysis of dental implant using artificial bone model and validation by numerical technique. Med Eng Phys 2023; 111:103931. [PMID: 36792245 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2022.103931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Dental implant fails due to mechanical failure of the implant contribute to about 10-15 % of implant failures. It is necessary to prevent the design failure of the implant since it leads to bone loss which further leads to complications in reimplantation. This makes it important to test the design of a dental implant using FEM and in vitro testing before its application. The purpose of this article is to test the design of a dental implant using in vitro testing by using an artificial bone model and validation of the data using Finite Element Method (FEM). METHODS A dental implant was selected for in vitro testing and 3D FE analysis was conducted to observe the stress values. The in vitro study was done on a custom designed testing rig where the implant was drilled into a ABS and sawbone (polyurethane) bone model. Vertical and lateral loads of 100 N and 40 N respectively, were applied to evaluate the micro-strains using strain gauge technique. 3D FEA technique was used to evaluate stress concentrations and micro-strains in the bone-implant interface. RESULTS The strain values were found to be higher in the case of lateral loading than vertical loading with in vitro testing. The von-mises stresses on the cortical bone were greater at the bone-implant interface near the neck region of the implant. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained from the in vitro analysis and FEA were found to have a good agreement with an error percentage of 2-5 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihir Kshirsagar
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dr. Vishwanath Karad, MIT-World Peace University, Pune-38, India.
| | - Pankaj Dhatrak
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dr. Vishwanath Karad, MIT-World Peace University, Pune-38, India
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Liu F, Mao ZH, Peng W, Wen S. Biomechanical influence of thread form on stress distribution over short implants (≤6 mm) using finite element analysis. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 2022; 67:53-60. [DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2020-0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The macro and micro design is essential to the biomechanical performance of a short implant. In this study, the implant thread parameters of short implants used in edentulous maxillae will be discussed. The aim of the study is to analyse biomechanical distinctions in different thread parameters over short implants by applying the vertical or oblique load of 130 N on dental prosthesis. A 6*5 mm implant will be used in posterior maxillae arch, where the molar region locates. The CAD model has been assembled by three parts, a crown, an implant system and a jaw. By applying the vertical or oblique load to the crown, the Von-Mises stresses of cortical bone and trabecular bone will be evaluated in pairs along the lines v1–v2 & a1–a2. The results showed that the reverse buttress thread would induce more stresses in cancellous bone whereas the buttress did the opposite. The trapezoidal thread (V-thread) is more favourable than the reverse buttress thread in accordance to the FEA result. The rectangle threads will induce more uneven stresses in cancellous bones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Liu
- Division of Intelligent Manufacturing , Wuyi University , Jiangmen , Guangdong Province , China
| | - Zhi-Hong Mao
- Division of Intelligent Manufacturing , Wuyi University , Jiangmen , Guangdong Province , China
| | - Wujie Peng
- Division of Intelligent Manufacturing , Wuyi University , Jiangmen , Guangdong Province , China
| | - Sheng Wen
- Engineering Fundamental Teaching and Training Centre , South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou , Guangdong Province , China
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Armentia M, Abasolo M, Coria I, Sainitier N. Effect of the geometry of butt-joint implant-supported restorations on the fatigue life of prosthetic screws. J Prosthet Dent 2022; 127:477.e1-477.e9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Hasegawa T, Sasaki A, Saito I, Arimoto S, Yatagai N, Hiraoka Y, Takeda D, Kakei Y, Akashi M. Success of dental implants in patients with large bone defect and analysis of risk factors for implant failure: a non-randomized retrospective cohort study. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:2743-2750. [PMID: 34783914 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04249-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to retrospectively investigate the success and survival rates of dental implants used for dentomaxillary prostheses at our hospital and the risk factors associated with large bone defects. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 138 external joint system implants used for dentomaxillary prostheses in 40 patients with large bone defects were included in this study. The alveolar bone at the site of implant insertion was evaluated using panoramic radiography and computed tomography. Various risk factors (demographic characteristics, dental status, and operative factors such as the employment of alveolar bone augmentation, the site, the length, and diameter of implants) for implant failure and complete implant loss were investigated using univariate and multivariate analyses. The associations between the variables and the success and survival rates of dental implants were analyzed using the multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS The 10-year overall success and survival rates were 81.3% and 88.4% in this study. Multivariable analysis showed that the male sex (HR 6.22), shorter implants (≤ 8.5 mm) (HR 5.21), and bone augmentation (HR 2.58) were independent predictors of success rate. Bone augmentation (HR 5.14) and narrow implants (≤ 3.3 mm) (HR 3.86) were independent predictors of the survival rate. CONCLUSION Male sex, shorter or narrow implants, and bone augmentation were independent risk factors for dental implants used in dentomaxillary prostheses in patients with large bone defects. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Clinicians should consider these risk factors and pay close attention to the management of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Hasegawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Aki Sasaki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Izumi Saito
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Satomi Arimoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Nanae Yatagai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yujiro Hiraoka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takeda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Kakei
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Masaya Akashi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
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Hernández-Suarez A, Oliveros-López LG, Serrera-Figallo MÁ, Vázquez-Pachón C, Torres-Lagares D, Gutiérrez-Pérez JL. Internal oblique line implants in severe mandibular atrophies. J Clin Exp Dent 2020; 12:e1164-e1170. [PMID: 33282138 PMCID: PMC7700790 DOI: 10.4317/jced.57675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maxillary atrophy may be related to mechanical, inflammatory or systemic factors, being a consequence of a reduction in the amount and quality of available bone. Several surgical techniques have been developed for the restoration of bone volume needed for placing dental implants; guided bone regeneration or three-dimensional reconstructions with autologous bone, inter alia, are techniques described in the literature which demonstrate this, all of which preceded by a proper prosthetic surgical assessment. Even when the majority of authors recommend the use of these techniques prior to placing implants, it has been shown that implants with a smaller diameter and length may be placed in severely atrophied jaws without the need for performing any surgery, offering excellent results. Material and Methods Twenty-four (24) implants were placed in six patients with severe mandibular atrophy. The implants were placed in the anterior sector and on an internal oblique line. Patients were rehabilitated with a total implant-supported prosthesis, with monitoring over a 10-year period. Results After a 12-month monitoring period, all the patients presented successful rehabilitation. Marginal bone loss in general (n=24 implants) was +0.11 mm ± 0.53. In the implants in zones 1 and 4 (posterior) it was +0.06 mm ± 0.48 and in implants in zones 2 and 3 (anterior), +0.14 mm ± 0.57. Conclusions Implants can be placed in the anterior zone and on an internal oblique line in patients with severe mandibular atrophy, using a diameter and length adapted to bone availability, for later prosthetic rehabilitation, offering satisfactory results since phonetic and masticatory function can be restored, as well as facial and buccal aesthetics, in a single surgical operation, with minimum morbidity. Key words:Severe atrophy, implants, bone grafts, ridge atrophy, internal oblique line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argimiro Hernández-Suarez
- DDS, OMS, MSc. PhD student at Dental School, University of Sevilla (Seville, Spain). Director of National Center of Oro-Maxillofacial Surgery and Implants CIBUMAXI, Caracas, Venezuela
| | | | | | - Celia Vázquez-Pachón
- DDS, MOS and PhD student at Dental School. University of Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Daniel Torres-Lagares
- DDS, MOS, PhD. Full Professor of Oral Surgery at Dental School. University of Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - José-Luis Gutiérrez-Pérez
- DMD, OMS, PhD. Tenure Professor of Oral Surgery at Dental School. University of Sevilla, Seville, Spain. Head of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Service at Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Seville, Spain
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Ko FC, Meagher MJ, Mashiatulla M, Ross RD, Virdi AS, Sumner DR. Implant surface alters compartmental-specific contributions to fixation strength in rats. J Orthop Res 2020; 38:1208-1215. [PMID: 31821588 PMCID: PMC7225079 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical fixation of the implant to host bone is an important contributor to orthopedic implant survivorship. The relative importance of bone-implant contact, trabecular bone architecture, and cortical bone geometry to implant fixation strength has never been directly tested, especially in the settings of differential implant surface properties. Thus, using a rat model where titanium rods were placed into the intramedullary canal of the distal femur, we determined the relative contribution of bone-implant contact and peri-implant bone architecture to the fixation strength in implants with different surface roughness: highly polished and smooth (as-received) and dual acid-etched (DAE) implants. Using a training set that maximized variance in implant fixation strength, we initially examined correlation between implant fixation strength and outcome parameters from microcomputed tomography and found that osseointegration volume per total volume (OV/TV), trabecular bone volume per total volume (BV/TV), and cortical thickness (Ct.Th) were the single best compartment-specific predictors of fixation strength. We defined separate regression models to predict implant fixation strength for as-received and DAE implants. When the training set models were applied to independent validation sets, we found strong correlations between predicted and experimentally measured implant fixation strength, with r2 = .843 in as received and r2 = .825 in DAE implants. Interestingly, for as-received implants, OV/TV explained more of the total variance in implant fixation strength than the other variables, whereas in DAE implants, Ct.Th had the most explanatory power, suggesting that surface topography of implants affects which bone compartment is most important in providing implant fixation strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank C. Ko
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Matthew J. Meagher
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Maleeha Mashiatulla
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607
| | - Ryan D. Ross
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Amarjit S. Virdi
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - D. Rick Sumner
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612
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Wang X, Zhang T, Yang E, Gong Z, Shen H, Wu H, Zhang D. Biomechanical Analysis of Grafted and Nongrafted Maxillary Sinus Augmentation in the Atrophic Posterior Maxilla with Three-Dimensional Finite Element Method. SCANNING 2020; 2020:8419319. [PMID: 33093935 PMCID: PMC7556061 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8419319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
This study is aimed at determining the optimal sinus augmentation approach considering the poor bone condition in the zone of atrophic posterior maxilla. A series of simplified maxillary segment models varying in residual bone height (RBH) and bone quality were established. A 10 mm standard implant combined with two types of maxillary sinus augmentation methods was applied with the RBH, which was less than 10 mm in the maxilla. The maximal equivalent von Mises (EQV) stress in residual bone was evaluated. Bone quality had an enormous impact on the stress magnitude of supporting bone. Applying sinus augmentation combined with grafts was suitable for stress distribution, and high-stiffness graft performed better than low-stiffness one. For 7 mm and 5 mm atrophic maxilla, nongrafted maxillary sinus augmentation was feasible in D3 bone. Poor bone quality was a negative factor for the implant in the region of atrophic posterior maxilla, which could be improved by grafts. Meanwhile, the choice of maxillary sinus augmentation approaches should be determined by the RBH and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tianqi Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Enli Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhiyuan Gong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongzhou Shen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Haiwei Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
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12
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Demenko V, Linetskiy I, Linetska L, Yefremov O. Load-carrying capacity of short implants in edentulous posterior maxilla: A finite element study. Med Eng Phys 2019; 71:30-37. [PMID: 31285136 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Dental implant dimensions, and bone quality and quantity play a key role in early osseointegration and long-term prognosis in posterior edentulous maxilla. Treatment with short implants, preferably in a bicortical manner, is an accepted modality; however, short implants have limitations leading to increased stress concentrations in alveolar bone, potential overload and implant failure. Implant models of 3.3, 4.1, 4.8 and 5.4 mm diameter and 4.5, 5.5, 6.5, 7.5 and 8.5 mm length were placed in posterior maxilla 3-D models with corresponding residual bone heights. Bone-implant assemblies were analyzed in finite element software ANSYS 15. All materials were assumed to be linearly elastic and isotropic. 118.2 N oblique loading was applied to investigate stress distributions in bone tissues. The concept of ultimate functional load (UFL) was selected as a criterion to compare load-carrying capacity of implants and to evaluate the influence of available bone height and implant dimensions on load-carrying capacity. For all implants, UFL was calculated by limiting von Mises stresses in cortical or cancellous bone with bone strength (100 MPa for cortical and 2 MPa for cancellous bone). Implant load-carrying capacity depends on diameter and available bone height. Wide implants have higher load-carrying capacity than narrow implants. Short implants with proper diameter and length avoid bone overstress, even in Type IV bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav Demenko
- Department of Aircraft Strength, National Aerospace University, Chkalova 17, 61070 Kharkov, Ukraine
| | - Igor Linetskiy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, U Nemocnice 2, 12000 Prague, Czechia.
| | - Larysa Linetska
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Academy of Postgraduate Medical Education, Amosova 58, 61000 Kharkov, Ukraine
| | - Oleg Yefremov
- Department of Aircraft Strength, National Aerospace University, Chkalova 17, 61070 Kharkov, Ukraine
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13
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Implant-supported overdentures with different clinical configurations: Mechanical resistance using a numerical approach. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 121:546.e1-546.e10. [PMID: 30711289 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Implant-supported overdentures (IODs) are a treatment option for patients with complete edentulism. However, this treatment increases the possibilities of peri-implant complications, characterized by inflammation or partial loss of surrounding hard and soft tissues. PURPOSE The purpose of this finite element analysis study was to evaluate the mechanical performance of different bar-IOD designs under different clinical configurations by comparing the stress and strain distribution on the bone during secondary stabilization. MATERIAL AND METHODS A finite element model of the mandible representing a patient with complete edentulism was developed. Different designs of bar-IODs were modeled and compared. The parameters studied were the material properties (cobalt-chromium, zirconium dioxide, titanium grade 5, and titanium grade 4), diameter and bar-IOD cross-sectional shape, tilt of the posterior implants (30 degrees), presence of a distal extension cantilever in the bar-IODs (12 mm), and number of implants (4 or 6). Two different mastication loading conditions were analyzed. One- and 2-way ANOVAs and the Tukey honestly significant differences post hoc test (α=.05) were used to determine the significant von Mises stress and strain values in the bone. RESULTS The 4 materials tested in the bar-IOD did not have a significant mechanical effect on the bone (P<.05). A smaller diameter and structure of the bar-IOD led to significantly higher bone stress (P<.001). A distal extension cantilever led to an increased stress concentration (model M1 versus model M3: P<.001), which reached 50% in the event of tilting of the posterior implants (model M2 versus model M4: P<.001). Tilting of the posterior implants alone, without extension, had a nonsignificant effect (model M3 versus model M4: P=.999). Model M5 supported with 6 implants reduces the stress transferred to the bone compared with model M3 supported with 4 implants (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS Distal extensions in bar-IODs, the tilt of the posterior implants, and the low amount of material in the cross-sectional area in the bar-IOD were the most influential parameters on the mechanical resistance of dental implants in the mandibular bone.
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14
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Pammer D. Evaluation of postoperative dental implant primary stability using 3D finite element analysis. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2019; 22:280-287. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2018.1552682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Pammer
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
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15
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Chang Y, Tambe AA, Maeda Y, Wada M, Gonda T. Finite element analysis of dental implants with validation: to what extent can we expect the model to predict biological phenomena? A literature review and proposal for classification of a validation process. Int J Implant Dent 2018. [PMID: 29516219 PMCID: PMC5842167 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-018-0119-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A literature review of finite element analysis (FEA) studies of dental implants with their model validation process was performed to establish the criteria for evaluating validation methods with respect to their similarity to biological behavior. An electronic literature search of PubMed was conducted up to January 2017 using the Medical Subject Headings “dental implants” and “finite element analysis.” After accessing the full texts, the context of each article was searched using the words “valid” and “validation” and articles in which these words appeared were read to determine whether they met the inclusion criteria for the review. Of 601 articles published from 1997 to 2016, 48 that met the eligibility criteria were selected. The articles were categorized according to their validation method as follows: in vivo experiments in humans (n = 1) and other animals (n = 3), model experiments (n = 32), others’ clinical data and past literature (n = 9), and other software (n = 2). Validation techniques with a high level of sufficiency and efficiency are still rare in FEA studies of dental implants. High-level validation, especially using in vivo experiments tied to an accurate finite element method, needs to become an established part of FEA studies. The recognition of a validation process should be considered when judging the practicality of an FEA study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhan Chang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Abhijit Anil Tambe
- Mahatma Gandhi Vidyamandir's Karmaveer Bhausaheb Hiray Dental College & Hospital, Mumbai Agra Road, Panchwati, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
| | - Yoshinobu Maeda
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Wada
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomoya Gonda
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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16
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Yu JH, Wang YT, Lin CL. Customized surgical template fabrication under biomechanical consideration by integrating CBCT image, CAD system and finite element analysis. Dent Mater J 2017; 37:6-14. [PMID: 29279542 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2016-312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study developed a customized surgical template under mechanical consideration for molar intrusion. Two finite element (FE) models were analyzed for the primary stability under 100 gf traction forces with one mini-screw inserted at the buccal side in horizontal and another in palatal side with two optional positions at 60° (P60) or 15° (P15) angles with inclination toward the molar occlusal surface. The surgical template was generated using rapid prototyping (RP) printing for the clinical application based on improved primarily stability model. The surrounding bone strains for models P15 and P60 were far lower than the bone remodeling critical value. Model P60 presented much lower micro-motion in the screw/bone interface and the screw head displacement than those values in model P15. Using FE analysis for biomechanical evaluation and combining with CT image, image superimposed method and CAD technique can fabricate accuracy/security customized surgical template for mini-screws with better primary stability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu-Tzu Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University
| | - Chun-Li Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University
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17
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Linetskiy I, Demenko V, Linetska L, Yefremov O. Impact of annual bone loss and different bone quality on dental implant success – A finite element study. Comput Biol Med 2017; 91:318-325. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2017.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Influence of implant number, length, and tilting degree on stress distribution in atrophic maxilla: a finite element study. Med Biol Eng Comput 2017; 56:979-989. [PMID: 29119541 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-017-1737-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the stress values, created in peri-implant region as a consequence of loading on fixed hybrid dentures that was planned with different implant numbers, lengths, or tilting angulations. Thirteen three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis models were generated with four, five, or seven implants (group A, B, and C). Except the distal implants, all implants were modeled at 4.1 mm (diameter) and 11.5 mm (length) in size. Distal implants were configured to be in five different lengths (6, 8, 11.5, 13, and 16 mm) and three different implant inclination degrees (0°, 30°, and 45°). A 150-N load was applied vertically on prosthesis. Released stresses were evaluated comparatively. The lowest von Mises stress values were found in group C, in the 11.5-mm implant model. Tilting the distal implants 30° caused higher stress values. In 45°-tilting implant models, lower stress values were recorded according to the 30°-tilting models. The ideal implant number is seven for an edentulous maxilla. Tilting the implants causes higher stress values. A 45° inclination of implant causes lower stress values according to the 30° models due to a shorter cantilever. The ideal implant length is 11.5 mm.
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19
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Biomechanical evaluation of implant-supported prosthesis with various tilting implant angles and bone types in atrophic maxilla: A finite element study. Comput Biol Med 2017; 86:47-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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20
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Du Y, Yu G, Xiang X, Wang X. GPU accelerated voxel-driven forward projection for iterative reconstruction of cone-beam CT. Biomed Eng Online 2017; 16:2. [PMID: 28086901 PMCID: PMC5234133 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-016-0293-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background For cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), which has been playing an important role in clinical applications, iterative reconstruction algorithms are able to provide advantageous image qualities over the classical FDK. However, the computational speed of iterative reconstruction is a notable issue for CBCT, of which the forward projection calculation is one of the most time-consuming components. Method and results In this study, the cone-beam forward projection problem using the voxel-driven model is analysed, and a GPU-based acceleration method for CBCT forward projection is proposed with the method rationale and implementation workflow detailed as well. For method validation and evaluation, computational simulations are performed, and the calculation times of different methods are collected. Compared with the benchmark CPU processing time, the proposed method performs effectively in handling the inter-thread interference problem, and an acceleration ratio as high as more than 100 is achieved compared to a single-threaded CPU implementation. Conclusion The voxel-driven forward projection calculation for CBCT is highly paralleled by the proposed method, and we believe it will serve as a critical module to develop iterative reconstruction and correction methods for CBCT imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Du
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,Department of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Gongyi Yu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xincheng Xiang
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiangang Wang
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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21
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Gehrke SA, Frugis VL, Shibli JA, Fernandez MPR, Sánchez de Val JEM, Girardo JLC, Taschieri S, Corbella S. Influence of Implant Design (Cylindrical and Conical) in the Load Transfer Surrounding Long (13mm) and Short (7mm) Length Implants: A Photoelastic Analysis. Open Dent J 2016; 10:522-530. [PMID: 27843505 PMCID: PMC5070426 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601610010522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study compared the influence of implant design (cylindrical and conical) in the load transfer on bone surrounding 13mm and 7mm length implants under simulated occlusal loading, using photoelastic analysis. Method: Dental implants of 4mm diameter were divided into four groups, which varied in length and design: Group 1- standard (13 mm) cylindrical implant; Group 2 - standard conical implant; Group 3 – short (7 mm) cylindrical implant, and Group 4 - short conical implant. After the inclusion of the implant models in a photoelastic resin, they were subjected to a static load of 100 N. The lengths of the fringes that were generated were measured in three portions since the implants body: crestal, central and apical portion, parallel to the implant long axis. Furthermore, the entire extension area of dissipation of force was measured. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA (α = 0.05). Results: Lower stress was observed at the crestal bone in groups 2 and 4, while the stress levels in groups 1 and 3 were higher with significant differences compared to the other groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: The total amount of stress transmitted to the bone was not affected by implant length under axial loading condition, but changed in relation to the implant design with respect to the concentration of the fringes, which corresponded to the load distribution, with even more dissipation by conical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Alexandre Gehrke
- Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Biotecnos - Technology and Science, Department of Research, Santa Maria, Brazil; Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Biotecnos - Technology and Science, Department of Research, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Jamil Awad Shibli
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dental Research Division, University of Guarulhos, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Piedad Ramirez Fernandez
- Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Biotecnos - Technology and Science, Department of Research, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Maté Sánchez de Val
- Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Biotecnos - Technology and Science, Department of Research, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - José Luis Calvo Girardo
- Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Biotecnos - Technology and Science, Department of Research, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Silvio Taschieri
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Corbella
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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22
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Investigation of influence of different implant size and placement on stress distribution with 3-dimensional finite element analysis. IMPLANT DENT 2016; 23:716-22. [PMID: 25290280 DOI: 10.1097/id.0000000000000158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to analyze the biomechanical behavior of implants with varying number, inclination, and size, using 3-dimensional finite element (FE) analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 10 FE models were constructed to simulate 5 implant placement configurations: 4 and 5 axial implants, 4 implants inclined with 17.5 degrees mesial and 35 degrees distal, and 2 axial and 2 distal implants inclined with 17.5 and 35 degrees, using implants of 3.5 and 5.5 mm diameters. A vertical load of 300 N was applied to the distal portion of a standardized size metal framework. RESULTS Increasing the number of implants decreased the stress in the bone for axially placed implant models. The short implants with a large diameter resulted in lower stress values in the bone, but higher stresses in the implant/abutment assembly than the long implants with a small diameter. Increasing diameter of implants decreased high stress concentration in the cortical bone, resulting from increasing cantilever length. CONCLUSIONS Decreasing cantilever length with distal implant inclination decreases the stress values in the implant, cortical bone, and framework.
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23
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Al-Johany SS, Al Amri MD, Alsaeed S, Alalola B. Dental Implant Length and Diameter: A Proposed Classification Scheme. J Prosthodont 2016; 26:252-260. [PMID: 27379723 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To propose a length-and-diameter-based classification scheme for dental implants to standardize terminology in the dental literature and communication between interested parties. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was mainly based on searching two major resources: published scientific research papers and 14 of the most popular dental implant manufacturers. Indexed databases were searched from January 2004 up to and including February 2016 using the keywords "dental implant length" and "dental implant diameter." Retrieved titles and abstracts were screened, and related full-text articles were reviewed. Full-text articles that clearly stated the terms and measurements of implants used were included and considered for proposing this classification scheme. RESULTS The initial search for implant diameter and length yielded 1007 and 936 articles, respectively. A total of 85 studies (41 about diameter, 44 about length) were selected and reviewed. The remaining studies (966 about diameter, 892 about length) that did not abide by the eligibility criteria were excluded. The terms "long," "short," "standard," "wide," and "narrow" were the most commonly used terms in the literature. A classification scheme for implants by diameter and length was proposed. CONCLUSIONS Indexed publications contain a variety of terms used by authors to describe diameter and length of dental implants without conformity and standardization. The classification scheme proposed in this article could serve as a reference for interested parties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulieman S Al-Johany
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad D Al Amri
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suliman Alsaeed
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bassam Alalola
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Huang SF, Lo LJ, Lin CL. Biomechanical interactions of different mini-plate fixations and maxilla advancements in the Le Fort I Osteotomy: a finite element analysis. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2016; 19:1704-1713. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2016.1182631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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25
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bin Kamisan MAA, Yokota K, Ueno T, Kinoshita H, Homma S, Yajima Y, Abe S, Takano N. Drilling force and speed for mandibular trabecular bone in oral implant surgery. BIOMATERIALS AND BIOMECHANICS IN BIOENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.12989/bme.2016.3.1.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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26
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Yazicioglu D, Bayram B, Oguz Y, Cinar D, Uckan S. Stress Distribution on Short Implants at Maxillary Posterior Alveolar Bone Model With Different Bone-to-Implant Contact Ratio: Finite Element Analysis. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2016; 42:26-33. [DOI: 10.1563/aaid-doi-d-14-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the stress distribution of the short dental implants and bone-to-implant contact ratios in the posterior maxilla using 3-dimensional (3D) finite element models. Two different 3D maxillary posterior bone segments were modeled. Group 1 was composed of a bone segment consisting of cortical bone and type IV cancellous bone with 100% bone-to-implant contact. Group 2 was composed of a bone segment consisting of cortical bone and type IV cancellous bone including spherical bone design and homogenous tubular hollow spaced structures with 30% spherical porosities and 70% bone-to-implant contact ratio. Four-millimeter-diameter and 5-mm-height dental implants were assumed to be osseointegrated and placed at the center of the segments. Lateral occlusal bite force (300 N) was applied at a 25° inclination to the implants long axis. The maximum von Mises stresses in cortical and cancellous bones and implant-abutment complex were calculated. The von Mises stress values on the implants and the cancellous bone around the implants of the 70% bone-to-implant contact group were almost 3 times higher compared with the values of the 100% bone-to-implant contact group. For clinical reality, use of the 70% model for finite element analysis simulation of the posterior maxilla region better represents real alveolar bone and the increased stress and strain distributions evaluated on the cortical and cancellous bone around the dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Yazicioglu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Burak Bayram
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yener Oguz
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Duygu Cinar
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sina Uckan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
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27
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Chang SH, Huang SR, Huang SF, Lin CL. Mechanical response comparison in an implant overdenture retained by ball attachments on conventional regular and mini dental implants: a finite element analysis. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2015. [PMID: 26212887 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2015.1067687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the bone/implant mechanical responses in an implant overdenture retained by ball attachments on two conventional regular dental implants (RDI) and four mini dental implants (MDI) using finite element (FE) analysis. Two FE models of overdentures retained by RDIs and MDIs for a mandibular edentulous patient with validation within 6% variation errors were constructed by integrating CT images and CAD system. Bone grafting resulted in 2 mm thickness at the buccal side constructed for the RDIs-supported model to mimic the bone augmentation condition for the atrophic alveolar ridge. Nonlinear hyperelastic material and frictional contact element were used to simulate characteristic of the ball attachment-retained overdentures. The results showed that a denture supported by MDIs presented higher surrounding bone strains than those supported by RDIs under different load conditions. Maximum bone micro strains were up to 6437/2987 and 13323/5856 for MDIs/RDIs under single centric and lateral contacts, respectively. Corresponding values were 4429/2579 and 9557/5774 under multi- centric and lateral contacts, respectively. Bone micro strains increased 2.06 and 1.96-folds under single contact, 2.16 and 2.24-folds under multiple contacts for MDIs and RDIs when lateral to axial loads were compared. The maximum RDIs and MDIs implant stresses in all simulated cases were found by far lower than their yield strength. Overdentures retained using ball attachments on MDIs in poor edentulous bone structure increase the surrounding bone strain over the critical value, thereby damaging the bone when compared to the RDIs. Eliminating the occlusal single contact and oblique load of an implant-retained overdenture reduces the risk for failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hao Chang
- a Department of Periodontics , Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Taoyuan , Taiwan.,b Graduate Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Science , Chang Gung University , Taoyuan , Taiwan
| | - Shiang-Rung Huang
- c Graduate Institute of Medical Mechatronics , Chang Gung University , Tao-yuan , Taiwan
| | - Shao-Fu Huang
- d Department of Biomedical Engineering , National Yang-Ming University , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Chun-Li Lin
- d Department of Biomedical Engineering , National Yang-Ming University , Taipei , Taiwan
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28
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Ramakrishaniah R, Al Kheraif AA, Elsharawy MA, Alsaleh AK, Ismail Mohamed KM, Rehman IU. A comparative finite elemental analysis of glass abutment supported and unsupported cantilever fixed partial denture. Dent Mater 2015; 31:514-21. [PMID: 25765540 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 12/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the load distribution and displacement of cantilever prostheses with and without glass abutment by three dimensional finite element analysis. Micro-computed tomography was used to study the relationship between the glass abutment and the ridge. METHODS The external surface of the maxilla was scanned, and a simplified finite element model was constructed. The ZX-27 glass abutment and the maxillary first and second premolars were created and modified. The solid model of the three-unit cantilever fixed partial denture was scanned, and the fitting surface was modified with reference to the created abutments using the 3D CAD system. The finite element analysis was completed in ANSYS. The fit and total gap volume between the glass abutment and dental model were determined by Skyscan 1173 high-energy spiral micro-CT scan. RESULTS The results of the finite element analysis in this study showed that the cantilever prosthesis supported by the glass abutment demonstrated significantly less stress on the terminal abutment and overall deformation of the prosthesis under vertical and oblique load. Micro-computed tomography determined a gap volume of 6.74162 mm(3). SIGNIFICANCE By contacting the mucosa, glass abutments transfer some amount of masticatory load to the residual alveolar ridge, thereby preventing damage to the periodontal microstructures of the terminal abutment. The passive contact of the glass abutment with the mucosa not only preserves the health of the mucosa covering the ridge but also permits easy cleaning. It is possible to increase the success rate of cantilever FPDs by supporting the cantilevered pontic with glass abutments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravikumar Ramakrishaniah
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Dental Health, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A Al Kheraif
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Department of Dental Health, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Elsharawy
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Department of Dental Health, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman K Alsaleh
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Department of Dental Health, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karem M Ismail Mohamed
- Advanced Manufacturing Institute, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ihtesham Ur Rehman
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, The Kroto Research Institute, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK.
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Monteiro DR, Silva EVF, Pellizzer EP, Filho OM, Goiato MC. Posterior partially edentulous jaws, planning a rehabilitation with dental implants. World J Clin Cases 2015; 3:65-76. [PMID: 25610852 PMCID: PMC4295221 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v3.i1.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To discuss important characteristics of the use of dental implants in posterior quadrants and the rehabilitation planning.
METHODS: An electronic search of English articles was conducted on MEDLINE (PubMed) from 1990 up to the period of March 2014. The key terms were dental implants and posterior jaws, dental implants/treatment planning and posterior maxilla, and dental implants/treatment planning and posterior mandible. No exclusion criteria were used for the initial search. Clinical trials, randomized and non randomized studies, classical and comparative studies, multicenter studies, in vitro and in vivo studies, case reports, longitudinal studies and reviews of the literature were included in this review.
RESULTS: One hundred and fifty-two articles met the inclusion criteria of treatment planning of dental implants in posterior jaw and were read in their entirety. The selected articles were categorized with respect to their context on space for restoration, anatomic considerations (bone quantity and density), radiographic techniques, implant selection (number, position, diameter and surface), tilted and pterygoid implants, short implants, occlusal considerations, and success rates of implants placed in the posterior region. The results derived from the review process were described under several different topic headings to give readers a clear overview of the literature. In general, it was observed that the use of dental implants in posterior region requires a careful treatment plan. It is important that the practitioner has knowledge about the theme to evaluate the treatment parameters.
CONCLUSION: The use of implants to restore the posterior arch presents many challenges and requires a detailed treatment planning.
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Photoelastic analysis of fixed partial prosthesis crown height and implant length on distribution of stress in two dental implant systems. Int J Dent 2014; 2014:206723. [PMID: 25374603 PMCID: PMC4206919 DOI: 10.1155/2014/206723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate by photoelastic analysis stress distribution on short and long implants of two dental implant systems with 2-unit implant-supported fixed partial prostheses of 8 mm and 13 mm heights. Sixteen photoelastic models were divided into 4 groups: I: long implant (5 × 11 mm) (Neodent), II: long implant (5 × 11 mm) (Bicon), III: short implant (5 × 6 mm) (Neodent), and IV: short implants (5 × 6 mm) (Bicon). The models were positioned in a circular polariscope associated with a cell load and static axial (0.5 Kgf) and nonaxial load (15°, 0.5 Kgf) were applied to each group for both prosthetic crown heights. Three-way ANOVA was used to compare the factors implant length, crown height, and implant system (α = 0.05). The results showed that implant length was a statistically significant factor for both axial and nonaxial loading. The 13 mm prosthetic crown did not result in statistically significant differences in stress distribution between the implant systems and implant lengths studied, regardless of load type (P > 0.05). It can be concluded that short implants showed higher stress levels than long implants. Implant system and length was not relevant factors when prosthetic crown height were increased.
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Deli G, Petrone V, De Risi V, Tadic D, Zafiropoulos GG. Longitudinal implant stability measurements based on resonance frequency analysis after placement in healed or regenerated bone. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2014; 40:438-47. [PMID: 25106008 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-12-00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Primary stability is an indicator of subsequent osseointegration of dental implants. However, few studies have compared the implant stability among anatomical regions and bone types; thus, not enough data exist regarding the stability of implants placed in regenerated bone (RB). The present study evaluated primary and long-term stability of implants placed in RB and non-regenerated healed bone (HB). A total of 216 screw cylinder implants were placed in 216 patients (98 in HB and 118 in RB, 6 [RB6, N = 68] or 12 [RB12, N = 50] months after tooth extraction). Implant stability was evaluated using resonance frequency analysis (RFA) measured at the time of implant placement (E1), at the time of loading (4 months after placement, E2), and 4 months after loading (E3). Various clinically relevant measurements were obtained, such as implant diameter, length, and location, as well as bone quality. At E1, implant location, bone quality, and experimental group significantly affected implant stability (all at P < .05). At E2, implant location, diameter, length, and experimental group significantly affected implant stability (all at P < .05). At E3, bone quality, implant diameter, length, and experimental group significantly affected implant stability (all at P < .01). Stability for the RB12 group was significantly higher than all other corresponding values; further, the values did not change significantly over time. For the HB and RB6 groups, stability was significantly higher at E2 than at E1 (P < .001) and was no different between E2 and E3. Implant location, length, and experimental group were associated with these differences (all at P < .05). Compared with HB and RB6, higher implant stability may be achieved in regenerated bone 12 months post-extraction (RB12). This stability was achieved at E1 and maintained for at least 8 months. Variables such as implant length, diameter, and bone quality affected the stability differently over time. Implant stability varied in different anatomic regions and with regard to different healing processes in the bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Deli
- 1 Division of Periodontology, Catholic University of Sacre Cuore, A. Gemelli University Hospital, Rome, Italy
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Slotte C, Grønningsaeter A, Halmøy AM, Öhrnell LO, Mordenfeld A, Isaksson S, Johansson LÅ. Four-Millimeter-Long Posterior-Mandible Implants: 5-Year Outcomes of a Prospective Multicenter Study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2014; 17 Suppl 2:e385-95. [DOI: 10.1111/cid.12252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christer Slotte
- Department of Periodontology; The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; Jönköping Sweden
- Department of Biomaterials; Institute for Clinical Sciences; Göteborg University; Göteborg Sweden
| | | | - Anne-Marie Halmøy
- Prosthodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - Lars-Olof Öhrnell
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery; Borås County Hospital; Borås Sweden
| | - Arne Mordenfeld
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery; Gävle County Hospital; Gävle Sweden
| | - Sten Isaksson
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery; Halmstad County Hospital; Halmstad Sweden
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Hanaoka M, Gehrke SA, Mardegan F, Gennari CR, Taschieri S, Del Fabbro M, Corbella S. Influence of Implant/Abutment Connection on Stress Distribution to Implant-Surrounding Bone: A Finite Element Analysis. J Prosthodont 2014; 23:565-71. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Hanaoka
- University Paulista; Department of Implantology; São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Fabio Mardegan
- University Paulista; Department of Implantology; São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Silvio Taschieri
- Università degli Studi di Milano; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi; Centre for Research in Oral Health; Milan Italy
| | - Massimo Del Fabbro
- Università degli Studi di Milano; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi; Centre for Research in Oral Health; Milan Italy
| | - Stefano Corbella
- Università degli Studi di Milano; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi; Centre for Research in Oral Implantology; Milan Italy
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Monje A, Fu JH, Chan HL, Suarez F, Galindo-Moreno P, Catena A, Wang HL. Do Implant Length and Width Matter for Short Dental Implants (<10 mm)? A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies. J Periodontol 2013; 84:1783-91. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2013.120745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Assessment of Short Dental Implants Restored With Single-Unit Nonsplinted Restorations. IMPLANT DENT 2013; 22:499-502. [DOI: 10.1097/id.0b013e31829afaf2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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A Method for Obtaining a Three-Dimensional Geometric Model of Dental Implants for Analysis via the Finite Element Method. IMPLANT DENT 2013; 22:309-14. [DOI: 10.1097/id.0b013e318288d548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Short implants in partially edentuolous maxillae and mandibles: a 10 to 20 years retrospective evaluation. Int J Dent 2012; 2012:351793. [PMID: 22829823 PMCID: PMC3399378 DOI: 10.1155/2012/351793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose. Evaluation of the short implant (8 mm in height) long-term prognosis and of the implant site influence on the prognosis. Methods. A longitudinal study was carried out on 121 patients (57 males and 64 females) consecutively treated with 257 implants. 108 implants were short. Results. Four (3.6%) short implants supporting fixed partial prostheses failed. Similarly, three standard implants supporting fixed partial prostheses and one supporting single-crown prosthesis failed. Mean marginal bone loss (MBL) and probing depth (PD) of short and standard implants were statistically comparable (P > .05). The 20-year cumulative survival rates of short and standard implants were 92.3 and 95.9%, respectively. The cumulative success rates were 78.3 and 81.4%. The survival rates of short implants in posterior and anterior regions were comparable: 95 and 96.4%, respectively. The difference between survival rates was not significant (P > .05). Conclusions. The high reliability of short implants in supporting fixed prostheses was confirmed. Short and standard implants long-term prognoses were not significantly different. The prognosis of short implants in posterior regions was comparable to that of in anterior regions. Nevertheless, a larger sample is required to confirm this trend.
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Bassi MA, Lopez MA, Confalone L, Fanali S, Candotto V, Carinci F. Reliability of Short Implants in Oral Rehabilitation. EUR J INFLAMM 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x120100s206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Implant prostheses are often used to restore partially or completely edentulous patients but limited bone height, especially in the posterior mandible, may restrict the use of dental implants. Short implants (i.e. x ≤ 10 mm) may be selected in these situations. They have several advantages: 1 - restricting the need for sophisticated and expensive surgical procedures like sinus lifting, bone grafting and mandibular nerve transposition, 2 - placing short-span dentures and 3 - avoiding cantilevers in the posterior sextants. The limited surface area of SIs, conversely, can be a potential disadvantage as it has less resistance to occlusal forces. Since no report is available on a new type of implants, a retrospective study was performed. A total of 148 short (i.e x ≤ 10 mm) two-piece implants (FMD srl, Rome, Italy) were inserted, 91 in female and 57 in males. The median age was 58 ± 12 (min-max 25–80 years). Implants were inserted 68 in the maxilla and 80 in the mandible. One implant was lost, survival rate = 98.52%. Among the studies variables post-extractive implants on single tooth rehabilitations (p=0.043) was the only significant variable. Then peri-implant bone resorption (i.e. delta IAJ) was used to investigate SCR. Among the remaining 147 implants, 18 fixtures have a crestal bone resorption greater than 1.5 mm (SCR = 87.75). Statistical analysis demonstrated that only diabetes has a negative impact on peri-implant crestal bone resorption (p=0.016). In conclusion FMD implants are reliable devices for oral rehabilitation with a very high SCR and SVR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - S. Fanali
- Department of Oral Science, Nano and Biotechnology, University “G. D'Annunzio”, Chieti, Italy
| | - V. Candotto
- Department of D.M.C.C.C., Section of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - F. Carinci
- Department of D.M.C.C.C., Section of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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