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Chen YC, Tsai YJ, Hsiao HY, Chiu YW, Hong YY, Tu YK, Hsiao CK. Assessment of Thermal Osteonecrosis during Bone Drilling Using a Three-Dimensional Finite Element Model. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:592. [PMID: 38927828 PMCID: PMC11200731 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11060592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone drilling is a common procedure used to create pilot holes for inserting screws to secure implants for fracture fixation. However, this process can increase bone temperature and the excessive heat can lead to cell death and thermal osteonecrosis, potentially causing early fixation failure or complications. We applied a three-dimensional dynamic elastoplastic finite element model to evaluate the propagation and distribution of heat during bone drilling and assess the thermally affected zone (TAZ) that may lead to thermal necrosis. This model investigates the parameters influencing bone temperature during bone drilling, including drill diameter, rotational speed, feed force, and predrilled hole. The results indicate that our FE model is sufficiently accurate in predicting the temperature rise effect during bone drilling. The maximum temperature decreases exponentially with radial distance. When the feed forces are 40 and 60 N, the maximum temperature does not exceed 45 °C. However, with feed forces of 10 and 20 N, both the maximum temperatures exceed 45 °C within a radial distance of 0.2 mm, indicating a high-risk zone for potential thermal osteonecrosis. With the two-stage drilling procedure, where a 2.5 mm pilot hole is predrilled, the maximum temperature can be reduced by 14 °C. This suggests that higher feed force and rotational speed and/or using a two-stage drilling process could mitigate bone temperature elevation and reduce the risk of thermal osteonecrosis during bone drilling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Chuan Chen
- Department of Vehicle Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912301, Taiwan; (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-Y.H.)
| | - Yi-Jung Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; (Y.-J.T.); (Y.-W.C.)
| | - Hao-Yuan Hsiao
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan;
- Department of Orthopedics, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Wei Chiu
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; (Y.-J.T.); (Y.-W.C.)
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan;
| | - You-Yao Hong
- Department of Vehicle Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912301, Taiwan; (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-Y.H.)
| | - Yuan-Kun Tu
- Department of Orthopedics, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kun Hsiao
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; (Y.-J.T.); (Y.-W.C.)
- Department of Orthopedics, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering/Graduate Institute of Mechatronics Engineering, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833301, Taiwan
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Alam K, Qamar SZ, Iqbal M, Piya S, Al-Kindi M, Qureshi A, Al-Ghaithi A, Al-Sumri B, Silberschmidt VV. Effect of drill quality on biological damage in bone drilling. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6234. [PMID: 37069203 PMCID: PMC10110507 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33381-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone drilling is a universal procedure in orthopaedics for fracture fixation, installing implants, or reconstructive surgery. Surgical drills are subjected to wear caused by their repeated use, thermal fatigue, irrigation with saline solution, and sterilization process. Wear of the cutting edges of a drill bit (worn drill) is detrimental for bone tissues and can seriously affect its performance. The aim of this study is to move closer to minimally invasive surgical procedures in bones by investigating the effect of wear of surgical drill bits on their performance. The surface quality of the drill was found to influence the bone temperature, the axial force, the torque and the extent of biological damage around the drilling region. Worn drill produced heat above the threshold level related to thermal necrosis at a depth equal to the wall thickness of an adult human bone. Statistical analysis showed that a sharp drill bit, in combination with a medium drilling speed and drilling at shallow depth, was favourable for safe drilling in bone. This study also suggests the further research on establishing a relationship between surface integrity of a surgical drill bit and irreversible damage that it can induce in delicate tissues of bone using different drill sizes as well as drilling parameters and conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khurshid Alam
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 33, Al-Khoud, 123, Sultanate of Oman.
| | - Sayyad Zahid Qamar
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 33, Al-Khoud, 123, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Creative Engineering & Management Services, Saddar Road, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sujan Piya
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, College of Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Mahmood Al-Kindi
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 33, Al-Khoud, 123, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Asim Qureshi
- Department of Pathology, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud, 123, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Ghaithi
- Department of Surgery, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Al-Khoud, 123, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Badar Al-Sumri
- Histopathology Laboratory, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Al-Khoud, 123, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Vadim V Silberschmidt
- School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
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Sigilião Celles CA, Ferreira I, Valente MDLDC, Dos Reis AC. Osseointegration in relation to drilling speed in the preparation of dental implants sites: A systematic review. J Prosthet Dent 2023:S0022-3913(23)00138-5. [PMID: 37019748 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The drilling speed used for preparing dental implants may affect bone-implant contact (BIC), implant stability quotient (ISQ), and bone area fraction occupancy (BAFO). Different rotational speeds and the presence or absence of irrigation during site preparation have been investigated, but an established protocol for achieving the best osseointegration results is lacking. PURPOSE The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the influence of drill rotational speed on bone drilling for dental implant placement and its relationship with osseointegration. MATERIAL AND METHODS This review included the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) and was registered in the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) database. Electronic searches were performed in the MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Science Direct, and Embase databases. The risk of bias was analyzed by using the systematic review center for laboratory animal experimentation (SYRCLE). RESULTS A total of 1282 articles were found, and after removing duplicates and applying the eligibility criteria to in vivo articles on animals that addressed drilling speed and its relationship to osseointegration, 8 articles were selected for analysis. Of these, 5 articles showed no statistical differences, and 3 others showed significantly better osseointegration results by analyzing the parameters of BIC, BAFO, ISQs, and pull-out forces (PoFs). In all selected articles, high-speed drilling was performed with irrigation. CONCLUSIONS Although drilling speed seems to affect bone perforation, no definitive protocol was found in the literature consulted. The results vary depending on the combination of different factors, including bone type, irrigation, and drilling speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cícero Andrade Sigilião Celles
- Post-graduate student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Izabela Ferreira
- Post-graduate student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana da Lima da Costa Valente
- Collaborating Professor, Post-doctoral fellow, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Andréa Cândido Dos Reis
- Professor, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Soldatos N, Pham H, Fakhouri WD, Ngo B, Lampropoulos P, Tran T, Weltman R. Temperature Changes during Implant Osteotomy Preparations in Human Cadaver Tibiae Comparing MIS ® Straight Drills with Densah ® Burs. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:1716. [PMID: 36292601 PMCID: PMC9601368 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Several studies showed a sustained temperature of 47 °C or 50 °C for one minute resulted in vascular stasis and bone resorption with only limited bone regrowth over a 3-4-week healing period. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the temperature changes (ΔΤ) that occur during the preparation of dental implant osteotomies using MIS® straight drills versus Densah® burs in a clockwise (cutting) drilling protocol. (2) Methods: Two hundred forty (240) osteotomies of two different systems' drills were prepared at 6 mm depth at 800, 1000, and 1200 revolutions per minute (RPM), in fresh, unembalmed tibiae, obtained by a female cadaver. ΔΤ was calculated by subtracting the baseline temperature on the tibial surface, from the maximum temperature-inside the osteotomy (ΔT = Tmax - Tbase). The variables were evaluated both for their individual and for their synergistic effect on ΔΤ with the use of one-, two-, three- and four-way interactions; (3) Results: An independent and a three-way interaction (drill design, drill width, and RPM) was found in all three RPM for the Densah® burs and at 1000 RPM for the MIS® straight drills. As Densah® burs diameter increased, ΔΤ decreased. The aforementioned pattern was seen only at 1000 RPM for the MIS® straight drills. The usage of drills 20 times more than the implant manufacturers' recommendation did not significantly affect the ΔΤ. A stereoscopic examination of the specimens confirmed the findings. (4) Conclusions: The independent and synergistic effect of drills' diameter, design and RPM had a significant effect on ΔΤ in human tibiae, which never exceeded the critical threshold of 47 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Soldatos
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health Science University (OHSU), 2730 SW Moody Ave, Portland, OR 97201, USA
- Department of Periodontics and Dental Hygiene, School of Dentistry, University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston, 7500 Cambridge St., Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Huy Pham
- Department of Periodontics and Dental Hygiene, School of Dentistry, University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston, 7500 Cambridge St., Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Walid D. Fakhouri
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston, 7500 Cambridge St., Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Binh Ngo
- School of Dentistry, University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston, 7500 Cambridge St., Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Panagiotis Lampropoulos
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 2 Thivon St., Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Tiffany Tran
- California School of Podiatric Medicine, Samuel Merritt University, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
| | - Robin Weltman
- Department of Periodontics and Dental Hygiene, School of Dentistry, University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston, 7500 Cambridge St., Houston, TX 77054, USA
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA
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Liu S, Wu D, Zhao J, Yang T, Sun J, Gong K. Novel crescent drill design and mechanistic force modeling for thrust force reduction in bone drilling. Med Eng Phys 2022; 103:103795. [PMID: 35500995 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2022.103795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Bone drilling tends to cause mechanical damages and thermal necrosis in the vicinity of the drilled hole, which can deteriorate the surgery quality and patients' recovery. Understanding the cutting forces generation mechanism is crucial in controlling thrust force and bone temperature for optimum tool design. In this study, a novel crescent drill bit featuring an improved positive rake angle distribution was designed to reduce the thrust force and temperature elevation. On this basis, a mechanistic model for predicting thrust force and torque was proposed for drill bits with different geometries (twist drill and crescent drill). The proposed model was established in the polar coordinate system to precisely calculate the curvilinear integral of the crescent cutting edges. Drilling experiments were carried out using two types of drill bit under different cutting conditions and results showed that our proposed model agrees well with the experimental data. The experimental results also demonstrated that our tool design can significantly reduce the thrust force and reduce the bone temperature below the thermal threshold without coolant, providing a clinical option for coolant free drilling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Liu
- School of Control and Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Di Wu
- School of Control and Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- School of Control and Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Tao Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Kun Gong
- School of Control and Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
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Safari M, Tahmasbi V, Rabiee AH. Investigation into the automatic drilling of cortical bones using ANFIS-PSO and sensitivity analysis. Neural Comput Appl 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00521-021-06248-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ein-Afshar MJ, Shahrezaee M, Shahrezaee MH, Sharifzadeh SR. Biomechanical Evaluation of Temperature Rising and Applied Force in Controlled Cortical Bone Drilling: an Animal in Vitro Study. THE ARCHIVES OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY 2020; 8:605-612. [PMID: 33088862 DOI: 10.22038/abjs.2020.45014.2233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background The present study was conducted to quantify the relationships between bone drilling process parameters (i.e., feed rate, resting time, exit rate, and drill bit diameter) and drilling outcome parameters (i.e., thrust force and maximum temperature). Methods This study utilized 10-cm cortical bovine samples to evaluate the effects of four independent parameters, including drill bit diameters, six different feed rates, three various resting times, and three different exit rates on thrust force and maximum temperature (MT). A total of 28 stainless steel orthopedic drill bits with a diameter of 2.5 and 3.2 mm, as well as an orthopedic handpiece were attached to the 500N load cell and an accurate linear variable differential transformer to obtain forces. Moreover, two k-type thermocouples were utilized to record the temperature-time curve near the drilling site. The data were analyzed using the two-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey-Kramer Honest test. Results Maximum thrust force (MTF) decreased by almost 230% as the drill bit diameter increased from 2.5 to 3.2 mm in the lowest feed rate. The MTF showed a 335% increase, whereas a decrease of 69% was observed as the feed rates rose from 0.5 to 3 mm/sec. Moreover, the MT decreased to 67% with an increasing exit rate from 1 to 3 mm/sec. Furthermore, a slight increase was observed in MT when the resting time increased from 0 to 2 seconds (P>0.05). Conclusion The desired drilling is drilling with lower thrust force and lower final temperature of bone. Increasing feed rate can cause an increase and decline in thrust force and final temperature, respectively. The highest rates of MT were 0.5 and 1 mm/min, and the optimum feed rate would be 1.5 mm/min due to the averaged thrust force. Moreover, the resting time had no significant effects on the final temperature. Attentions to resting time would be useful to provide a more accurate, efficient, and uniform drill hole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Javad Ein-Afshar
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Shahrezaee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Reza Sharifzadeh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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8
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Surgical Drill Bit Design and Thermomechanical Damage in Bone Drilling: A Review. Ann Biomed Eng 2020; 49:29-56. [PMID: 32860111 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-020-02600-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
As drilling generates substantial bone thermomechanical damage due to inappropriate cutting tool selection, researchers have proposed various approaches to mitigate this problem. Among these, improving the drill bit design is one of the most feasible and economical solutions. The theory and applications in drill design have been progressing, and research has been published in various fields. However, pieces of information on drill design are dispersed, and no comprehensive review paper focusing on this topic. Systemizing this information is crucial and, therefore, the impetus of this review. Here, we review not only the state-of-the-art in drill bit designs-advances in surgical drill bit design-but also the influences of each drill bit geometries on bone damage. Also, this work provides future directions for this topic and guidelines for designing an improved surgical drill bit. The information in this paper would be useful as a one-stop document for clinicians, engineers, and researchers who require information related to the tool design in bone drilling surgery.
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Singh RP, Pandey PM, Behera C, Mridha AR. Effects of rotary ultrasonic bone drilling on cutting force and temperature in the human bones. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2020; 234:829-842. [PMID: 32490719 DOI: 10.1177/0954411920925254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Efficacy and outcomes of osteosynthesis depend on various factors including types of injury and repair, host factors, characteristics of implant materials and type of implantation. One of the most important host factors appears to be the extent of bone damage due to the mechanical force and thermal injury which are produced at cutting site during bone drilling. The temperature above the critical temperature (47 °C) produces thermal osteonecrosis in the bones. In the present work, experimental investigations were performed to determine the effect of drilling parameters (rotational speed, feed rate and drill diameter) and techniques (conventional surgical bone drilling and rotary ultrasonic bone drilling) on cutting force and temperature generated during bone drilling. The drilling experiments were performed by a newly developed bone drilling machine on different types of human bones (femur, tibia and fibula) having different biological structure and mechanical behaviour. The bone samples were procured from male cadavers with the age of second to fourth decades. The results revealed that there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in cutting force and temperature rise for rotary ultrasonic bone drilling and conventional surgical bone drilling. The cutting force obtained in rotary ultrasonic bone drilling was 30%-40%, whereas temperature generated was 50%-55% lesser than conventional surgical bone drilling process for drilling in all types of bones. It was also found that the cutting force increased with increasing feed rate, drill diameter and decrease in rotational speed, whereas increasing rotational speed, drill diameter and feed rate resulted in higher heat generation during bone drilling. Both the techniques revealed that the axial cutting force and the temperature rise were significantly higher in femur and tibia compared with the fibula for all combinations of process parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Pal Singh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Pulak Mohan Pandey
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Chittaranjan Behera
- Department of Forensic Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Asit Ranjan Mridha
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
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10
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Chen YC, Hsiao CK, Tu YK, Tsai YJ, Hsiao AC, Lu CW, Yang CY. Assessment of heat generation and risk of thermal necrosis during bone burring by means of three-dimensional dynamic elastoplastic finite element modelling. Med Eng Phys 2020; 81:1-12. [PMID: 32475768 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2020.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
During bone burring, the heat generated due to friction at the bone-burr interface may cause thermal damage to the bone. Therefore, it is necessary to assess bone temperature distribution around a burring site and identify high-risk regions for thermal necrosis due to bone burring. In this study, a three-dimensional (3-D) dynamic elastoplastic finite element model for the burring process was developed and experimentally validated to investigate the influence of burring parameters (rotational speeds: 3,000, 10,000, 15,000 and 60,000 rpm; feed rates: 0.5, 0.9, 1.5 and 3.0 mm/s) on heat generation and evaluate the risk region for thermal necrosis. Calculated bone temperatures were compared with experimental values and found to be in good agreement with them. The analytical results demonstrated a linear relationship between the burring time and friction energy. In addition, the friction energy increased with the bone temperature. The high-risk thermal necrosis zone was measured from the edge of burring (y-direction) at feed rates of 0.5, 0.9, 1.5 and 3.0 mm/s and was found to be 7.8, 7.3, 6.6 and 5.5 mm, respectively. When the burr rotational speed increased from 3,000 to 60,000 rpm, the high-risk zone for thermal necrosis increased from 4.5 to 8.1 mm. We concluded that both the friction energy and the bone temperature increased in proportion with the burr rotational speed. Reducing burr rotational speeds and/or increasing feed rates may decrease the rise in bone temperature, thus decreasing the potential for thermal necrosis near the burring site. Our model can be used to select the optimal surgery parameters to minimise the risk of thermal necrosis due to bone burring and to assist in the design of optimal orthopaedic drill handpieces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Chuan Chen
- Department of Vehicle Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Kun Hsiao
- Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 708, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedics, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Kun Tu
- Department of Orthopaedics, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jung Tsai
- Department of Orthopaedics, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Medical college, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 708, Taiwan
| | - An-Che Hsiao
- Department of Vehicle Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Lu
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yuh Yang
- Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 708, Taiwan
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11
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Jamil M, Rafique S, Khan AM, Hegab H, Mia M, Gupta MK, Song Q. Comprehensive analysis on orthopedic drilling: A state-of-the-art review. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2020; 234:537-561. [DOI: 10.1177/0954411920911283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bone drilling is a well-known internal fixation procedure to drill a hole, fixing the bone fragments to reduce the susceptibility of permanent paralysis. The success of bone drilling is evaluated based on the extent of osteonecrosis in terms of heat generation, tissue damage, quality of hole, and drilling forces. The appropriate control of cutting conditions, drill geometric parameters, and bone-specific parameters offer bone drilling a viable solution through conventional and non-conventional drilling techniques. The majority of the published research work considers only limited parameters and tries to optimize the drilling parameters and performance measures. However, bone drilling involves numerous conventional and non-conventional drilling parameters and technologies. In order to develop a better understanding of all the studied parameters and performance measures, there is a dire need to develop a framework. The key objective of this review study is to establish a hierarchy of the framework by collecting almost all the parameters studied until now and addressed the relationship between parameters and performance measures to diminish the controversies in the published literature. Therefore, this framework is novel in nature, organizing all the parameters, performance measures, logical comparisons, and limitations of studies. This holistic review can help medical surgeons and design engineers to understand the complicated relationship among parameters and performance measures associated with this state-of-art technologies. Also, modeling, simulations, and optimization techniques are included to explore the application of such techniques in recent advancements in orthopedic drilling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Jamil
- Department of Mechanical Manufacture and Automation, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Taxila, Taxila, Pakistan
| | - Saima Rafique
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aqib Mashood Khan
- Department of Mechanical Manufacture and Automation, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Taxila, Taxila, Pakistan
| | - Hussien Hegab
- Department of Mechanical Design and Production Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mozammel Mia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Munish Kumar Gupta
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qinghua Song
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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12
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Gupta V, Singh RP, Pandey PM, Gupta R. In vitro comparison of conventional surgical and rotary ultrasonic bone drilling techniques. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2020; 234:398-411. [DOI: 10.1177/0954411919898301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In orthopedic and trauma surgical operations, drilling of bone is one of the commonly used procedures performed in hospitals and is a clinical practice for fixing the fractured parts of human bones. Force, torque and temperature play a significant role during the bone drilling and decide the stability of the medical implants. Therefore, it is necessary to minimize force, torque and temperature while drilling to avoid the thermal necrosis and osteosynthesis. This study focused on studying the influence of various types of bone drilling parameters (rotational speed, feed rate, drill diameter and ultrasonic amplitude), tools (solid tool, hollow tool and conventional twist drill bit) and techniques (conventional surgical drilling, rotary ultrasonic bone drilling and rotary bone drilling) on force, torque, temperature and microcracks produced in the drilled surface of the bone. The experimental investigations were conducted on porcine bone samples to perform the comparative study. Results revealed that increasing the diameter of drill tool and feed rate results in the increase in force, torque and temperature, while low rotational speed (500 r/min) generated a low temperature, high cutting force and torque for all types of drilling processes and tools evaluated in this study. Experimental results also revealed that rotary ultrasonic bone drilling with hollow tool generated the lowest cutting force, torque, temperature (<47 °C) and microcracks in the drilled surface of the bone as compared to the other four types of drilling techniques evaluated in this study. Influence of external irrigation technique on temperature was also studied with respect to the rotary ultrasonic bone drilling with a hollow tool, which could eliminate the problem of thermal necrosis. In conclusion, this study revealed that the rotary ultrasonic bone drilling process with hollow tool produced lesser cutting force as compared to rotary bone drilling and conventional surgical drilling for hollow and solid tools. The study also revealed that rotary ultrasonic bone drilling process has the potential to minimize the cutting force, torque and temperature as compared to the conventional surgical drilling for orthopedic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Gupta
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India
| | - Ravinder Pal Singh
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Pulak M Pandey
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravi Gupta
- Department of Orthopedics, Sports Injury Division, Government Medical College & Hospital, Chandigarh, India
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PANDITHEVAN PONNUSAMY, PANDY NATARAJANVINAYAGAMURUGA. MULTI-OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION FOR SURGICAL DRILLING OF HUMAN FEMURS: A METHODOLOGY FOR BETTER PULL-OUT STRENGTH OF FIXATION USING TAGUCHI METHOD BASED ON MEMBERSHIP FUNCTION. J MECH MED BIOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219519419500726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Drilling through bone is one of the common cutting processes involved in many of the orthopedic surgeries. In bone drilling, spindle speed, feed rate, diameter of the drill bit, drill bit geometry and method of cooling are the important parameters to influence the in-situ temperature, drill thrust force and quality characteristics of the drilled hole. Because of the selection of inappropriate drilling parameters, uncontrolled large drilling forces, continuous increase in temperature and mechanical damage to the local host bone were observed. As these adverse effects lead to poor bone–implant contact and often a revision surgery, performing a surgical drilling with optimal parameters is essential to succeed in the surgical procedure. It was observed that in addition to the variations in apparent bone density, the orientation of osteons influences the drilling thrust force and temperature in bone drilling. Ten adult cadaveric human femurs from the age group of 32–65 years were considered and drilling experiments were conducted on proximal-diaphysis, mid-diaphysis and distal-diaphysis regions in the longitudinal, radial and circumferential directions. Bone drilling with different spindle speeds (500, 1000 and 1500[Formula: see text]rpm), feed rates (40, 60 and 80[Formula: see text]mm/min), and apparent density in the range of 0.98[Formula: see text]g/cm3 to 1.98[Formula: see text]g/cm3 was investigated in this work using a 3.20[Formula: see text]mm diameter surgical drill-bit. The generation of in-situ temperature as well as thrust force at each target location was measured using [Formula: see text]-type thermocouple and Kistler[Formula: see text] dynamometer, respectively. Taguchi method based on membership function was used to optimize the drilling process. Then the efficacy of the method in reducing the in-situ temperature and thrust force, and quality of the drilled hole in respect of anatomical region and drilling direction was investigated using pull-out strength of the bone screws. Results revealed that the optimal parameters obtained from the Taguchi method based on membership function could simultaneously minimize the temperature as well as thrust force in bone drilling. The proposed method can be adopted to minimize the temperature and thrust force, and choose the best location nearest to the defect site for strong implant fixation by using CT datasets of the patient as the only input.
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Affiliation(s)
- PONNUSAMY PANDITHEVAN
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing, Kancheepuram, Chennai 600127, Tamilnadu, India
| | - NATARAJAN VINAYAGA MURUGA PANDY
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing, Kancheepuram, Chennai 600127, Tamilnadu, India
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14
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An in vitro study of bone drilling: infrared thermography and evaluation of thermal changes of bone and drill bit. Phys Eng Sci Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13246-020-00842-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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15
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Montero-Aguilar M, Sibaja-Ruiz L, Avendaño E, Pereira-Reyes R, Pozos-Guillén A, Chavarria-Bolaños D. Evaluation of Surgical Bur Deformation and Bone Surface Roughness After Multiple Uses. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 77:1894-1903. [PMID: 31078560 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present in vitro study was to microscopically evaluate and describe the deformation of Lindeman surgical burs and the bone surface roughness after repeated osteotomies and sterilization cycles. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-one Lindeman surgical burs were analyzed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to evaluate the damage of the bur's integrity after 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, or 9 osteotomies on bovine ribs. Eighteen bone specimens were obtained after osteotomy for roughness analysis using profilometry. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare the mean roughness values across the experimental groups, and P ≤ .05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. RESULTS Representative SEM images illustrated that all analyzed burs presented with some type of deformation at both the tip and the body, even after their first use. The mean roughness values were independent of the number of uses (P > .05); however, the standard deviation increased with the number of uses of the burs. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that even after their first use, rotatory surgical burs will have some type of deformation and that their cutting efficiency on the bone will vary and will be difficult to predict.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Sibaja-Ruiz
- Resident, Advanced General Dentistry Program, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Esteban Avendaño
- Director and Researcher, Materials Science and Engineering Research Center, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Reinaldo Pereira-Reyes
- Researcher, National Nanotechnology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Alta Tecnología, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Amaury Pozos-Guillén
- Professor-Researcher, Basic Sciences Laboratory, Facultad de Estomatología, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí
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16
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Al‐Abdullah KI, Lim CP, Najdovski Z, Yassin W. A model‐based bone milling state identification method via force sensing for a robotic surgical system. Int J Med Robot 2019; 15:e1989. [DOI: 10.1002/rcs.1989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kais I. Al‐Abdullah
- Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation (IISRI)Deakin University Geelong Australia
| | - Chee Peng Lim
- Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation (IISRI)Deakin University Geelong Australia
| | - Zoran Najdovski
- Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation (IISRI)Deakin University Geelong Australia
| | - Wisam Yassin
- Department of SurgeryFMHS. Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Ampang‐Selangor Malaysia
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17
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Experimental Study of Thrust Force and Torque for Drilling Cortical Bone. Ann Biomed Eng 2019; 47:802-812. [PMID: 30627838 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-018-02196-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Excessive drilling forces can result in drill breakage, bone breakthrough, and thermal necrosis during bone drilling process. However, the effect of drilling process parameters, drill geometry parameters, and bone material type on drilling forces have not been fully investigated. Three designs of experiments are introduced separately to study single factor's effect on drilling forces, identify significant geometry parameters and possible interactions for drilling forces, and formulate direct relationship between drilling forces and process parameters. The results show that thrust force and torque are increased with feed rate, drill diameter or web thickness. The effect of spindle speed, point angle, helix angle, and chisel edge angle on drilling forces is complex. The results also show that the drilling forces are affected by bone type significantly, which are highest for bovine cortical bone, and lowest for Sawbones 3401. The levels of significance of geometry parameters are identified and different for thrust force and torque, which can assist new surgical drill development. Quadratic regression equations obtained by response surface methodology can predict thrust force and torque accurately in a wide range of process parameters, which can be used to control drilling conditions for robot assisted surgeries to realize safe drilling.
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18
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Hao J, Nangunoori R, Wu YY, Rajaraman M, Cook D, Yu A, Cheng B, Shimada K. Material characterization and selection for 3D-printed spine models. 3D Print Med 2018; 4:8. [PMID: 30649649 PMCID: PMC6195498 DOI: 10.1186/s41205-018-0032-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The two most popular models used in anatomical training for residents, clinicians, or surgeons are cadavers and sawbones. The former is extremely costly and difficult to attain due to cost, ethical implications, and availability, while the latter is said to not have the same tactile fidelity or mechanical properties as human bone. This study examined the potential use of 3D-printed phantoms to emulate cadaveric, human vertebrae, in hopes of acting as a future use over cadavers. In so doing, we developed 3D-printed MedPhantom®, with the intended use to offer similar tactile feel, mechanical characteristics, and visual appearance as human bone. In order to quantify tactility, a mechanical test was developed where a 5-mm diameter diamond-coated bur spinning at 75,000 RPM swept across the specimens while continuously recording the resultant forces (N) and moments (N-cm), The bur sweep motion is common in orthopedic surgery and neurosurgery. Since most 3D-prints do not offer internal, trabecular structure similar to bone, an algorithm was written to create a stochastic framework of internal mesh to mimic cancellous bone within an STL (stereolithography) file. The ranges of mesh parameters were chosen after several visits with the neurosurgeons participating in the project. In order to quantify structural combinations of wall thickness, gap sizes, and varying cylindrical radii within a print, 1000 RPM compression test with a 5-mm diamond-coated bur was performed with resultant forces (N). Two sample t-test shows statistical significance that samples are not equal to the vertebrae (p < 0.05). Results from the bur sweep test showed 15% Gypsum® powder mixed with 100% Clear® Formlabs resin and 10% Castable® resin mixed with 90% Clear® resin were nearest to human, cadaveric vertebrae, with the difference of force and moment in the x-direction at only 5 N and 7-9 N-cm, respectively. Structural compression results showed that a 2 mm cortical wall, 4 mm or 5 mm gap size between cylinders inside the structure, and 0.25 mm radius of internal cylinders were the best fit parameters to match human vertebrae.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Hao
- Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Institute of Technology, CERLAB, 3000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Raj Nangunoori
- Allegheny General Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, 320 E North Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA
| | - Ying Ying Wu
- Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Institute of Technology, CERLAB, 3000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Mabaran Rajaraman
- Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Institute of Technology, CERLAB, 3000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Daniel Cook
- Allegheny General Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, 320 E North Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA
| | - Alex Yu
- Allegheny General Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, 320 E North Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA
| | - Boyle Cheng
- Allegheny General Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, 320 E North Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA
| | - Kenji Shimada
- Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Institute of Technology, CERLAB, 3000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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PANDITHEVAN PONNUSAMY, PANDY NATARAJANVINAYAGAMURUGA, PRASANNAVENKADESAN VARATHARAJAN. INVESTIGATION OF BONE DRILLING FOR SECURE IMPLANT FIXATION IN HUMAN FEMURS: TAGUCHI OPTIMIZATION AND PREDICTIVE FORCE MODELS WITH EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION. J MECH MED BIOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219519418500616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Drilling procedures are important to optimize and ensure the strongest fixation in bone fracture treatment and reconstruction surgery. The mechanistic force models currently available for bovine bones, human spines and human mandibles are not relevant to perform drilling through human femurs. The present study addresses this lack of information and aims to develop the predictive force models for drilling human femurs at different regions and directions. In this study, 10 freshly harvested cadaveric human femurs were included, and a surgical drill bit of 3.2[Formula: see text]mm diameter was used to make 4[Formula: see text]mm deep holes. Different spindle speeds (500, 1000 and 1500[Formula: see text]rpm), feed rates (40, 60 and 80[Formula: see text]mm/min), and apparent density between 0.98 and 1.98[Formula: see text]g/cm3were considered. The optimal parameters [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] respectively obtained for longitudinal, radial, and circumferential direction could minimize the thrust forces in bone drilling by up to 7.70, 10.50, and 16.20 N, respectively. Validation study demonstrated that the force model developed could predict the thrust force from computed tomography data sets of the patient, only with 5.05%, 6.74%, and 4.91% as a maximum error in longitudinal, radial, and circumferential direction. This important tool can assist to perform complicated surgical operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- PONNUSAMY PANDITHEVAN
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing Kancheepuram, Chennai 600127, Tamilnadu, India
| | - NATARAJAN VINAYAGA MURUGA PANDY
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing Kancheepuram, Chennai 600127, Tamilnadu, India
| | - VARATHARAJAN PRASANNAVENKADESAN
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing Kancheepuram, Chennai 600127, Tamilnadu, India
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20
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The effects of cutting parameters on cutting forces and heat generation when drilling animal bone and biomechanical test materials. Med Eng Phys 2018; 51:24-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Wang L, Aghvami M, Brunski J, Helms J. Biophysical regulation of osteotomy healing: An animal study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2017; 19:590-599. [PMID: 28608504 DOI: 10.1111/cid.12499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteotomies have been performed for centuries yet there remains a remarkable lack of consensus on optimal methods for cutting bone. There is universal agreement, however, that preserving cell viability is critical. PURPOSE To identify mechanobiological parameters influencing bone formation after osteotomy site preparation. MATERIALS AND METHODS A murine maxillary osteotomy model was used to evaluate healing. Computational modeling characterized stress and strain distributions in the osteotomy, as well as the magnitude and distribution of heat generated by drilling. The impact of osteocyte death and bone composition were assessed using molecular and cellular assays. RESULTS The phases of osteotomy healing in mice align closely with results in large animals; in addition, molecular analyses extended our understanding of osteoprogenitor cell proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization. Computational analyses provided insights into temperature changes caused by drilling and the mechanobiological state in the healing osteotomies, while concomitant cellular assays correlate drill speed with osteocyte apoptosis and bone resorption. Even when drilling was controlled, trabeculated, spongy (Type III) bone healed faster than densely lamellar (Type I) bone because of the abundance of Wnt responsive osteoprogenitor cells in the former. CONCLUSIONS These data provide a mechanobiological framework for evaluating tools and technologies designed to improve osteotomy site preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California, 94305
| | - Maziar Aghvami
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California, 94305
| | - John Brunski
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California, 94305
| | - Jill Helms
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California, 94305
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22
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Lin Y, Chen H, Yu D, Zhang Y, Yuan W. A predictive bone drilling force model for haptic rendering with experimental validation using fresh cadaveric bone. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2016; 12:91-98. [DOI: 10.1007/s11548-016-1463-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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23
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Gehrke SA, Aramburú Júnior JS, Pérez-Albacete Martínez C, Ramirez Fernandez MP, Maté Sánchez de Val JE, Calvo-Guirado JL. The influence of drill length and irrigation system on heat production during osteotomy preparation for dental implants: an ex vivo
study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2016; 29:772-778. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.12827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Alexandre Gehrke
- Department of Research; Biotecnos Research Center; Santa Maria Brazil
- International Dentistry Research Cathedra, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Murcia Spain
| | - Jaime Sardá Aramburú Júnior
- Department of Research; Biotecnos Research Center; Santa Maria Brazil
- Faculty of Itapiranga; Itapiranga Brazil
| | - Carlos Pérez-Albacete Martínez
- International Dentistry Research Cathedra, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Murcia Spain
| | - Maria Piedad Ramirez Fernandez
- International Dentistry Research Cathedra, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Murcia Spain
| | - José Eduardo Maté Sánchez de Val
- International Dentistry Research Cathedra, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Murcia Spain
| | - José Luis Calvo-Guirado
- International Dentistry Research Cathedra, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Murcia Spain
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Singh G, Jain V, Gupta D. Comparative study for surface topography of bone drilling using conventional drilling and loose abrasive machining. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2015; 229:225-31. [DOI: 10.1177/0954411915576945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Drilling through the bone is a complicated process in orthopaedic surgery. It involves human as a part of the work so it needs better perfection and quality which leads to the sustainability. Different studies were carried out on this curious topic and some interesting results were obtained, which help the orthopaedic surgeon on the operation table. Major problems faced during bone drilling were crack initiation, thermal necrosis and burr formation. The surface topography of the bone is an indirect indication for the sustainability of bone joint. In this study, a comparison is made between conventional and a loose abrasive unconventional drilling technique for the surface characterization of the bone. The attempt has been made to show the feasibility of bone drilling with non-conventional technique and its aftereffect on the bone structure. The burr formation during conventional bone drilling was found to be more which leads to problems such as crack initiation and thermal necrosis. Scanning electrode microscope and surface roughness tester were used to characterize the surface of the fine drilled bone specimen and the results testified quite better surface finish and least crack formation while drilling with loose abrasive unconventional technique.
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25
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Template-guided vs. non-guided drilling in site preparation of dental implants. Clin Oral Investig 2014; 19:1339-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-014-1346-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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26
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Abboud M, Delgado-Ruiz RA, Kucine A, Rugova S, Balanta J, Calvo-Guirado JL. Multistepped Drill Design for Single-Stage Implant Site Preparation: Experimental Study in Type 2 Bone. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2014; 17 Suppl 2:e472-85. [PMID: 25263993 DOI: 10.1111/cid.12273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate an experimental multistepped drill for single-stage implant site preparation by means of real-time analysis of thermal variations during and postdrilling, and by implant stability evaluation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Temperature and time were recorded in real time by paired microprobe thermocouples during simulated osteotomy in type 2 bone similes at the cortical and cancellous zones. Three different drilling groups with a new multistepped drill design were compared: Control (2-mm diameter pilot drill + 3.3-mm three-stepped drill + 4.1-mm three-stepped drill); Test A (3.3-mm three-stepped drill); and Test B (4.1-mm three-stepped drill). Implants were inserted, and implant stability was evaluated with the Perio Test Value (PTV). Two-way anova was used to test the independent effects of osteotomy and implant diameter on temperature and stability. RESULTS All the drills induced thermal changes without significant differences between groups (p > .05). Drilling in cortical bone produced significant increase of the temperatures in a range of 1.8 ± 0.9°C compared with drilling in cancellous bone (p < .05). ΔT temperatures were significantly higher for test groups in cortical and cancellous bone (p < .05); ΔT10 for all groups showed a reduction of the temperature in a range of 1.7 ± 0.3°C without significant differences between groups (p > .05); the mean time to accomplish drilling was significantly longer in the control group (p < .05); test groups took 10 ± 0.3 seconds less to reach the required drilling depth. PTV values were higher in test groups compared with controls (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS The multistepped drills used for single-stage implant site preparation Increase temperature as in comparison with a conventional incremental protocol; Induce the temperature increment in cortical bone compared with the cancellous bone; Reduce drilling time when a multistepped drill is used alone; and Increase implant stability twofold compared with a conventional incremental protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Abboud
- Department of Prosthodontics and Digital Technology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Rafael Arcesio Delgado-Ruiz
- Department of Prosthodontics and Digital Technology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Allan Kucine
- Department of Oral Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Sihana Rugova
- Department of Prosthodontics and Digital Technology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Julian Balanta
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
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