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Seckler H, Metzler R, Kelty-Stephen DG, Mangalam M. Multifractal spectral features enhance classification of anomalous diffusion. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:044133. [PMID: 38755826 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.044133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Anomalous diffusion processes, characterized by their nonstandard scaling of the mean-squared displacement, pose a unique challenge in classification and characterization. In a previous study [Mangalam et al., Phys. Rev. Res. 5, 023144 (2023)2643-156410.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.023144], we established a comprehensive framework for understanding anomalous diffusion using multifractal formalism. The present study delves into the potential of multifractal spectral features for effectively distinguishing anomalous diffusion trajectories from five widely used models: fractional Brownian motion, scaled Brownian motion, continuous-time random walk, annealed transient time motion, and Lévy walk. We generate extensive datasets comprising 10^{6} trajectories from these five anomalous diffusion models and extract multiple multifractal spectra from each trajectory to accomplish this. Our investigation entails a thorough analysis of neural network performance, encompassing features derived from varying numbers of spectra. We also explore the integration of multifractal spectra into traditional feature datasets, enabling us to assess their impact comprehensively. To ensure a statistically meaningful comparison, we categorize features into concept groups and train neural networks using features from each designated group. Notably, several feature groups demonstrate similar levels of accuracy, with the highest performance observed in groups utilizing moving-window characteristics and p varation features. Multifractal spectral features, particularly those derived from three spectra involving different timescales and cutoffs, closely follow, highlighting their robust discriminatory potential. Remarkably, a neural network exclusively trained on features from a single multifractal spectrum exhibits commendable performance, surpassing other feature groups. In summary, our findings underscore the diverse and potent efficacy of multifractal spectral features in enhancing the predictive capacity of machine learning to classify anomalous diffusion processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Seckler
- Institute for Physics & Astronomy, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Ralf Metzler
- Institute for Physics & Astronomy, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Damian G Kelty-Stephen
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at New Paltz, New Paltz, New York 12561, USA
| | - Madhur Mangalam
- Department of Biomechanics and Center for Research in Human Movement Variability, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska 68182, USA
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Devorski L, Skibski A, Mangum LC. Rectus abdominis muscle thickness change and activation increase during planks performed on different surfaces. J Ultrasound 2024; 27:21-29. [PMID: 36454532 PMCID: PMC10908688 DOI: 10.1007/s40477-022-00750-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The plank is a common exercise used to evaluate core function. Surface electromyography (sEMG) and ultrasound can be used simultaneously to measure muscle activity. We aimed to compare the %-thickness and %-activation during the plank performed on three surfaces and to determine agreement and relationship between rectus abdominis (RA) %-thickness of a rested tabletop position and %-activation normalized to quiet tabletop position during the plank on three surfaces. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, ultrasound and sEMG measured RA muscle function during the first 5-s and last 5-s of a plank performed on a table, yoga mat, and fitness ball. A repeated measures ANOVA compared differences in %-thickness change and Friedman's tests compared differences in %-activation, alpha set a priori p ≤ 0.05. Bland-Altman plots measured agreement between instruments. Spearman's rho determined relationships between instruments. RESULTS There was no difference between %-thickness change across surfaces during the first 5-s or last 5-s, or between %-activation during the last 5-s. The %-activation of the RA during the first 5-s performed on the fitness ball was higher than the table and yoga mat (p < 0.001). Ultrasound and sEMG had weak relationships across all surfaces (ρ = - 0.078 to 0.116). CONCLUSION The first 5-s of the plank performed on the fitness ball requires a greater RA activation. Ultrasound could not detect changes in %-thickness of the RA during the plank which may be influenced by the type of contraction. Comparison between these measurement tools during isometric exercise should be used with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luk Devorski
- Rehabilitation, Athletic Assessment, and Dynamic Imaging (READY) Laboratory, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, 4364 Scorpius Street, HS 2 Room 235, Orlando, FL, 32816-2205, USA
| | - Andrew Skibski
- Rehabilitation, Athletic Assessment, and Dynamic Imaging (READY) Laboratory, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, 4364 Scorpius Street, HS 2 Room 235, Orlando, FL, 32816-2205, USA
| | - L Colby Mangum
- Rehabilitation, Athletic Assessment, and Dynamic Imaging (READY) Laboratory, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, 4364 Scorpius Street, HS 2 Room 235, Orlando, FL, 32816-2205, USA.
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Carvalho MR, Regalo SCH, Siéssere S, Gonçalves LMN, de Paula-Silva FWG, Vicioni-Marques F, Nelson-Filho P, de Vasconcelos PB, de Carvalho FK, de Queiroz AM. Electromyographic analysis of the stomatognathic system of children with Molar-incisor hypomineralization. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0277030. [PMID: 36827292 PMCID: PMC9955966 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a qualitative defect of dental enamel that affects one or more permanent first molars, with or without involvement of the incisor teeth. This condition leads to challenges to dental care and treatment planning. AIM Based on the hypothesis that children who have MIH possibly present alterations in postural and masticatory activities and considering the absence of studies investigating these parameters, the present study evaluated the functionality of the stomatognathic system considering the mentioned aspects. MATERIALS The comparison of individuals with (MIHG; n = 32) and without MIH (CG; n = 32) was evaluated by electromyographic activity of the masseter and temporal muscles (right and left), as well as evaluation of the masticatory cycles during habitual mastication. RESULTS MIHG showed muscle hyperactivity in postural and dynamic conditions compared to the CG; higher electromyographic values for MIHG when compared to CG in the following postural conditions: at rest for the right temporal (p = 0.00) and left temporal muscles (p = 0.03); in the protrusion to the right temporal muscle (p = 0.02); in the right laterality for the right masseter (p = 0.00) and left temporal muscles (p = 0.01); in the left laterality for the right masseter (p = 0.03) and left temporal (p = 0.04) muscles. In dynamic conditions with consistent food, significance was observed for the left temporal (p = 0.01); and with soft food for the right (p = 0.01) and left temporal muscles (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Children with MIH seem to have impaired functionality of the stomatognathic system. Children with MIH have alterations in the stomatognathic system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simone Cecilio Hallak Regalo
- Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Selma Siéssere
- Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Paulo Nelson-Filho
- Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Shimoda M, Takao S, Sugajima Y, Tanaka Y, Morimoto K, Yoshida N, Yoshimori K, Ohta K, Senjyu H. The thickness of erector spinae muscles can be easily measured by computed tomography for the assessment of physical activity: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30704. [PMID: 36197230 PMCID: PMC9509155 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The loss of muscle mass and changes in muscle composition are important factors for assessing skeletal muscle dysfunction. The cross-sectional area (CSA) of muscle is usually used to assess skeletal muscle function. However, the CSA of skeletal muscle can be difficult for clinicians to measure because a specific 3D image analysis system for computed tomography (CT) scans is needed. Therefore, we conducted a study to develop a new method of easily assessing physical activity, in which the thickness of the erector spinae muscles (ESMT) was measured by CT, and to compare ESMT to the CSA of the erector spinae muscles (ESMCSA) in patients with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) pulmonary infections who underwent surgery after some preoperative examinations, such as laboratory tests, chest CT scans, spirometry, and 6-minute walk tests (6MWT). We retrospectively studied adult patients with NTM pulmonary infections who underwent a lobectomy at Fukujuji Hospital from April 2010 to March 2016. We assessed the correlations between ESMT and different variables, including ESMCSA. Sixty-one patients with NTM pulmonary infections were included. The median ESMT and ESMCSA were 1371 mm2 (IQR 1178-1784 mm2) and 28.5 mm (IQR 25.4-31.7 mm), respectively, and a very strong linear correlation was observed between ESMT and ESMCSA (R = 0.858, P < .001). ESMT and ESMCSA were positively associated with body weight (ESMT: R = 0.540, P < .001, ESMCSA: R = 0.714, P < .001), body mass index (ESMT: R = 0.421, P < .001, ESMCSA: R = 0.560, P < .001), the 6MWT value (ESMT: R = 0.413, P = .040, ESMCSA: R = 0.503, P = .010), vital capacity (ESMT: R = 0.527, P < .001, ESMCSA: R = 0.577, P < .001), and the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (ESMT: R = 0.460, P < .001, ESMCSA: R = 0.532, P < .001). We demonstrated that compared to ESMCSA, ESMT is easily measured by CT and can be a useful parameter for clinically evaluating physical activity. Furthermore, ESMT and ESMCSA were related to physical activity, as measured by the 6MWT and spirometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Shimoda
- Respiratory Disease Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-tuberculosis Association, Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Masafumi Shimoda, Respiratory Disease Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, 3-1-24 Mastuyama, Kiyose City, Tokyo 204-8522, Japan (e-mail: )
| | - Satoshi Takao
- Respiratory Care and Rehabilitation Center, Fukujyuji Hospital, Japan Anti-tuberculosis Association, Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Mycobacteriosis, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sugajima
- Department of Radiology, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-tuberculosis Association, Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Tanaka
- Respiratory Disease Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-tuberculosis Association, Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kozo Morimoto
- Respiratory Disease Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-tuberculosis Association, Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Yoshida
- Respiratory Care and Rehabilitation Center, Fukujyuji Hospital, Japan Anti-tuberculosis Association, Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kozo Yoshimori
- Respiratory Disease Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-tuberculosis Association, Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Ohta
- Respiratory Disease Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-tuberculosis Association, Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Senjyu
- Respiratory Care and Rehabilitation Center, Fukujyuji Hospital, Japan Anti-tuberculosis Association, Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Mycobacteriosis, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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Individuals with impaired lumbopelvic control demonstrate lumbar multifidus muscle activation deficit using ultrasound imaging in conjunction with electrical stimulation: A cross-sectional study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2022; 103:1951-1957. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2022.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Combined neuromuscular electrical stimulation with motor control exercise can improve lumbar multifidus activation in individuals with recurrent low back pain. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14815. [PMID: 34285318 PMCID: PMC8292547 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94402-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor control exercise (MCE) is commonly prescribed for patients with low back pain. Although MCE can improve clinical outcomes, lumbar multifidus muscle (LM) activation remains unchanged. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) can be used to re-activate motor units prior to MCE which should result in increased LM activation. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the immediate effects of NMES combined with MCE on LM activation and motor performance. Twenty-five participants without low back pain (NoLBP) and 35 participants with movement control impairment (MCI) were recruited. Participants with MCI were further randomized to combined NMES with MCE (COMB) or sham-NMES with MCE (MCE) group. Ultrasound imaging was used to measure LM thickness at rest, maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), and NMES with MVIC. These data were used to calculate LM activation. Quadruped rocking backward was used to represent motor performance. LM activation and motor performance were measured at baseline and after one-session of intervention. Results showed that both COMB and MCE groups had significantly lower (P < 0.05) LM activation compared with NoLBP group at baseline. Additionally, both COMB and MCE groups demonstrated significant improvement (P < 0.05) in motor performance while COMB group demonstrated significantly greater improvement (P < 0.05) in LM activation compared with MCE group. Individuals with MCI still have persisting LM activation deficit. Our key findings suggest that combined NMES and MCE may have better ability to improve LM activation in individuals with MCI. These findings would support the utility of NMES to induce a priming effect before MCE.
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Wattananon P, Sungnak P, Songjaroen S, Kantha P, Hsu WL, Wang HK. Using neuromuscular electrical stimulation in conjunction with ultrasound imaging technique to investigate lumbar multifidus muscle activation deficit. Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2020; 50:102215. [PMID: 33220931 DOI: 10.1016/j.msksp.2020.102215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lumbar multifidus muscle (LM) activation deficit has been proposed as a potential underlying mechanism responsible for recurrence episode of low back pain (LBP). The quantification of voluntary LM activation can provide a better understanding of the role of muscle activation deficit in LBP. The objective of this technical report is to propose a new approach using neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) in combination with the ultrasound imaging technique (USI) to investigate the ability of individual to voluntarily activate the LM. We recruited ten participants with a recurrent LBP (rLBP) and twelve participants with no history of LBP (NoLBP). Theoretically, the superimposition of NMES on the LM during maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) should activate all motor units available in the LM. The percentage of LM activation (%LM) can be calculated by the changes of LM thickness during MVIC, divided by the changes of LM thickness during the combination of MVIC and NMES. This %LM was used to compare between groups. The individuals with rLBP had significantly lower %LM (p < 0.05) compared with the NoLBP counterpart (%LM = 72.4 and 92.9, respectively). Results demonstrate that this new approach can potentially differentiate %LM among individuals with rLBP and NoLBP. This new approach can be potentially used to 1) determine the extent of LM activation deficit, 2) identify the existence of muscle activation deficit in the LM, and 3) objectively measure the effect of the intervention designed to address the LM activation deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peemongkon Wattananon
- Motor Control and Neural Plasticity Lab, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
| | - Panakorn Sungnak
- Motor Control and Neural Plasticity Lab, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
| | - Sranya Songjaroen
- Motor Control and Neural Plasticity Lab, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
| | - Phunsuk Kantha
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.17, Xuzhou Rd., Zhongzheng District, Taipei City, 100, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Li Hsu
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.17, Xuzhou Rd., Zhongzheng District, Taipei City, 100, Taiwan.
| | - Hsing-Kuo Wang
- Sports Physiotherapy Lab, School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.17, Xuzhou Rd., Zhongzheng District, Taipei City, 100, Taiwan.
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IJland MM, Lemson J, van der Hoeven JG, Heunks LMA. The impact of critical illness on the expiratory muscles and the diaphragm assessed by ultrasound in mechanical ventilated children. Ann Intensive Care 2020; 10:115. [PMID: 32852710 PMCID: PMC7450159 DOI: 10.1186/s13613-020-00731-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Critical illness has detrimental effects on the diaphragm, but the impact of critical illness on other major muscles of the respiratory pump has been largely neglected. This study aimed to determine the impact of critical illness on the most important muscles of the respiratory muscle pump, especially on the expiratory muscles in children during mechanical ventilation. In addition, the correlation between changes in thickness of the expiratory muscles and the diaphragm was assessed. Methods This longitudinal observational cohort study performed at a tertiary pediatric intensive care unit included 34 mechanical ventilated children (> 1 month– < 18 years). Thickness of the diaphragm and expiratory muscles (obliquus interna, obliquus externa, transversus abdominis and rectus abdominis) was assessed daily using ultrasound. Contractile activity was estimated from muscle thickening fraction during the respiratory cycle. Results Over the first 4 days, both diaphragm and expiratory muscles thickness decreased (> 10%) in 44% of the children. Diaphragm and expiratory muscle thickness increased (> 10%) in 26% and 20% of the children, respectively. No correlation was found between contractile activity of the muscles and the development of atrophy. Furthermore, no correlation was found between changes in thickness of the diaphragm and the expiratory muscles (P = 0.537). Decrease in expiratory muscle thickness was significantly higher in patients failing extubation compared to successful extubation (− 34% vs − 4%, P = 0.014). Conclusions Changes in diaphragm and expiratory muscles thickness develop rapidly after the initiation of mechanical ventilation. Changes in thickness of the diaphragm and expiratory muscles were not significantly correlated. These data provide a unique insight in the effects of critical illness on the respiratory muscle pump in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marloes M IJland
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joris Lemson
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes G van der Hoeven
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Leo M A Heunks
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Postbox 7057, 1007MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Hazrati E, Azghani MR. The effect of saddle height and saddle position changes from pedal on muscles and joints behaviors in ergometer: A parametric study. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2018; 232:1219-1229. [DOI: 10.1177/0954411918809141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The physical activities such as pedaling can affect the lower limb muscles strength and rehabilitation. Improper pedaling can cause injury. In this study, we would investigate the effects of saddle place (saddle position and saddle height) on the behavior of muscles and joints. Moreover, we would try to reveal the relationship between the muscles activity (Act) and the joints reaction forces ( F) and saddle position and saddle height. To this end, the pedaling conditions are obtained from the biomechanical model of the human movement system presented in AnyBody software. The variations in 12 muscles Act and total, normal and shear F of ankle, knee and hip joints are studied for the various saddle places in the pedaling feasible range. The relationships of those muscles Act and joints F are predicted by the response surface method. The results indicate that the muscles and the joints behavior changes for various saddle position and saddle height. The maximum and the minimum of the total response are acquired in the ankle and hip joints, respectively. In contrast to the ankle and hip joints, the knee shear response is greater than the normal response. The predictive models of the muscles Act and the joints F (the regression coefficients ( R2) are 0.60–0.95 and 0.76–0.97, respectively) indicate their nonlinear behavior with saddle position and saddle height variations. Studying the muscles and joints behavior in different pedaling condition can be helpful for the suitable saddle placement in order for rehabilitation, muscles soreness reduction, and joints disorder treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Hazrati
- Department of Biomechanics, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahmood Reza Azghani
- Department of Biomechanics, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
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Kian-Bostanabad S, Azghani MR, Rahnama L. The relationship between shoulder joint response with cervical multifidus muscle dimensions. Biomed Signal Process Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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