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Devasvaran K, Alallam B, Lee C, Yong YK, Lim V. Clinacanthus nutans crude polysaccharide extract as a green platform for microwave-assisted synthesis of silver nanoparticles: Optimization, characterization, and evaluation of bioactivities. Int J Biol Macromol 2024:134893. [PMID: 39168213 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Clinacanthus nutans (C. nutans) is a plant in tropical Asia with proven biological activities. The optimized extraction method of C. nutans crude polysaccharide (CNP) uses water in the presence of an ultrasound-assisted mechanical method (UL_CNP). However, the use of UL_CNP for the synthesis and optimization of silver nanoparticles (AgNP), particularly their anticancer and photocatalytic properties, remains unexplored. Hence, this research aimed to employ a green method using UL_CNP and silver nitrate to produce AgNP (UL_AgNP) with a small size and assess its potential toxicity, anticancer, and photocatalytic activities. The synthesis condition was optimized using the Box-Behnken design method. The synthesized UL_AgNP showed the surface plasmon resonance peak at 458 nm. The optimized synthesis condition produced spherically shaped UL_AgNP with a size of 5.21 ± 1.92 nm and a zeta potential of -26.33 ± 0.93 mV. An X-ray diffraction analysis exhibited intense Bragg's reflection peaks at (111), (200), (220), and (311), having a face-centered cubic structure of AgNP. Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy further confirmed the presence of silver in the synthesized UL_AgNP. The brine shrimp lethality test of UL_AgNP reported a lethal concentration 50 value of <7.8 μg/mL after 24 h. The UL_AgNP exhibited antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 cells with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration value of 4.96 ± 0.31 μg/mL by inducing S-phase cell cycle arrest, apoptotic effect, and reduction of cell migration. Furthermore, UL_AgNP proved its efficient photocatalytic activity against methylene blue dye (50.22 % ± 0.06 %, after 10 min at a concentration of 50 μg/mL). Therefore, the UL_AgNP exhibited promising antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 cells, highlighting their potential as a therapeutic agent. Further investigations are needed to elucidate the precise mechanism of their action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kogilavanee Devasvaran
- Advanced Medical & Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Batoul Alallam
- Advanced Medical & Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Carmen Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Gelugor, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
| | - Yoke Keong Yong
- Department of Human Anatomy, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Vuanghao Lim
- Advanced Medical & Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
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2
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De Spiegeleer B, Deprez B, Hak E, Markuszewski M, Wynendaele E. On the pivotal role of drug discovery in sustainable EU pharma reform. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:104097. [PMID: 38992421 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Bart De Spiegeleer
- Ghent University, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Benoit Deprez
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1177 - Drugs and Molecules for Living Systems, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Eelko Hak
- University Groningen, Research Institute of Pharmacy, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Michal Markuszewski
- Medical University of Gdańsk, Faculty of Pharmacy, al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Evelien Wynendaele
- Ghent University, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
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Aitipamula S, Bolla G. Optimizing Drug Development: Harnessing the Sustainability of Pharmaceutical Cocrystals. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:3121-3143. [PMID: 38814314 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Environmental impacts of the industrial revolution necessitate adoption of sustainable practices in all areas of development. The pharmaceutical industry faces increasing pressure to minimize its ecological footprint due to its significant contribution to environmental pollution. Over the past two decades, pharmaceutical cocrystals have received immense popularity due to their ability to optimize the critical attributes of active pharmaceutical ingredients and presented an avenue to bring improved drug products to the market. This review explores the potential of pharmaceutical cocrystals as an ecofriendly alternative to traditional solid forms, offering a sustainable approach to drug development. From reducing the number of required doses to improving the stability of actives, from eliminating synthetic operations to using pharmaceutically approved chemicals, from the use of continuous and solvent-free manufacturing methods to leveraging published data on the safety and toxicology, the cocrystallization approach contributes to sustainability of drug development. The latest trends suggest a promising role of pharmaceutical cocrystals in bringing novel and improved medicines to the market, which has been further fuelled by the recent guidance from the major regulatory agencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasulu Aitipamula
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Geetha Bolla
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
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Martinengo B, Diamanti E, Uliassi E, Bolognesi ML. Harnessing the 12 Green Chemistry Principles for Sustainable Antiparasitic Drugs: Toward the One Health Approach. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:1856-1870. [PMID: 38724015 PMCID: PMC11184551 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Antiparasitic drug development stands as a critical endeavor in combating infectious diseases which, by affecting the well-being of humans, animals, and the environment, pose significant global health challenges. In a scenario where conventional pharmacological interventions have proven inadequate, the One Health approach, which emphasizes interdisciplinary collaboration and holistic solutions, emerges as a vital strategy. By advocating for the integration of One Health principles into the R&D pharmaceutical pipeline, this Perspective promotes green chemistry methodologies to foster the development of environmentally friendly antiparasitic drugs for both human and animal health. Moreover, it highlights the urgent need to address vector-borne parasitic diseases (VBPDs) within the context of One Health-driven sustainable development, underscoring the pivotal role of medicinal chemists in driving transformative change. Aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the European Green Deal, this Perspective explores the application of the 12 Principles of Green Chemistry as a systematic framework to guide drug discovery and production efforts in the context of VBPD. Through interdisciplinary collaboration and a constant commitment to sustainability, the field can overcome the challenges posed by VBPD while promoting global and environmental responsibility. Serving as a call to action, scientists are urged to integrate One Health concepts and green chemistry principles into routine drug development practices, thereby paving the way for a more sustainable R&D pharmaceutical pipeline for antiparasitic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Martinengo
- Department of Pharmacy and
Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University
of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Eleonora Diamanti
- Department of Pharmacy and
Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University
of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Uliassi
- Department of Pharmacy and
Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University
of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department of Pharmacy and
Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University
of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Redl M, Shayegan A, Rollinger JM. Application of 3Rs in Caenorhabditis elegans Research for the Identification of Health-Promoting Natural Products. PLANTA MEDICA 2024; 90:576-587. [PMID: 38843797 DOI: 10.1055/a-2254-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The average age of the population is increasing worldwide, which has a profound impact on our society. This leads to an increasing demand for medicines and requires the development of new strategies to promote health during the additional years. In the search for resources and therapeutics for improved health during an extended life span, attention has to be paid to environmental exposure and ecosystem burdens that inevitably emerge with the extended consumption of medicines and drug development, even in the preclinical stage. The hereby introduced sustainable strategy for drug discovery is built on 3Rs, "R: obustness, R: eliability, and saving R: esources", inspired by both the 3Rs used in animal experiments and environmental protection, and centers on the usefulness and the variety of the small model organism Caenorhabditis elegans for detecting health-promoting natural products. A workflow encompassing a multilevel screening approach is presented to maximize the amount of information on health-promoting samples, while considering the 3Rs. A detailed, methodology- and praxis-oriented compilation and discussion of proposed C. elegans health span assays and more disease-specific assays are presented to offer guidance for scientists intending to work with C. elegans, thus facilitating the initial steps towards the integration of C. elegans assays in their laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Redl
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical, Nutritional, and Sport Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anusha Shayegan
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Judith M Rollinger
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Ngandjui YAT, Kereeditse TT, Kamika I, Madikizela LM, Msagati TAM. Nutraceutical and Medicinal Importance of Marine Molluscs. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:201. [PMID: 38786591 PMCID: PMC11123371 DOI: 10.3390/md22050201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Marine molluscs are of enormous scientific interest due to their astonishing diversity in terms of their size, shape, habitat, behaviour, and ecological roles. The phylum Mollusca is the second most common animal phylum, with 100,000 to 200,000 species, and marine molluscs are among the most notable class of marine organisms. This work aimed to show the importance of marine molluscs as a potential source of nutraceuticals as well as natural medicinal drugs. In this review, the main classes of marine molluscs, their chemical ecology, and the different techniques used for the extraction of bioactive compounds have been presented. We pointed out their nutraceutical importance such as their proteins, peptides, polysaccharides, lipids, polyphenolic compounds pigments, marine enzymes, minerals, and vitamins. Their pharmacological activities include antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities. Moreover, certain molluscs like abalones and mussels contain unique compounds with potential medicinal applications, ranging from wound healing to anti-cancer effects. Understanding the nutritional and therapeutic value of marine molluscs highlights their significance in both pharmaceutical and dietary realms, paving the way for further research and utilization in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvan Anderson Tchangoue Ngandjui
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Engineering, Science and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, Johannesburg 1705, South Africa; (T.T.K.); (I.K.); (L.M.M.)
| | | | | | | | - Titus Alfred Makudali Msagati
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Engineering, Science and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, Johannesburg 1705, South Africa; (T.T.K.); (I.K.); (L.M.M.)
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Bittner B, Schmidt J. Advancing Subcutaneous Dosing Regimens for Biotherapeutics: Clinical Strategies for Expedited Market Access. BioDrugs 2024; 38:23-46. [PMID: 37831325 PMCID: PMC10789662 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-023-00626-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, subcutaneous administration of biotherapeutics has made significant progress. The self-administration market for rheumatoid arthritis has witnessed the introduction of additional follow-on biologics, while the first subcutaneous dosing options for monoclonal antibodies have become available for multiple sclerosis. Oncology has also seen advancements with the authorization of high-volume subcutaneous formulations, facilitated by the development of high-concentration formulations and innovative delivery systems. Regulatory and Health Technology Assessment bodies increasingly consider preference data in filing dossiers, particularly in evaluating novel drug delivery methods. The adoption of a pharmacokinetic-based clinical bridging approach has become standard for transitioning from intravenous to subcutaneous administration. Non-inferiority studies with pharmacokinetics as the only primary endpoint have started deviating from traditional randomization schemes, favoring the subcutaneous route and comparing with historical intravenous data. While nonclinical and computational models made progress in predicting safety and immunogenicity for subcutaneously dosed antibodies, clinical trial evidence remains essential due to inter-individual variations and the impact of formulation parameters on anti-drug antibody formation. Ongoing technological advancements and the expanding knowledge base on pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic correlation across specialty areas are expected to further accelerate clinical development of subcutaneous biologics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Bittner
- Global Product Strategy, Product Optimization, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Grenzacher Strasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Johannes Schmidt
- Global Product Strategy, Product Optimization, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Grenzacher Strasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
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Moermond CTA, Puhlmann N, Brown AR, Owen SF, Ryan J, Snape J, Venhuis BJ, Kümmerer K. GREENER Pharmaceuticals for More Sustainable Healthcare. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS 2022; 9:699-705. [PMID: 36118957 PMCID: PMC9476650 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.2c00446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Medicines are essential to human health but can also impact the aquatic and terrestrial environment after use by patients and release via excreta into wastewater. We highlight the need for a GREENER approach to identify and meet important environmental criteria, which will help reduce the impact of medicinal residues on the environment. These criteria include effect reduction by avoiding nontarget effects or undesirable moieties, exposure reduction via lower emissions or environmental (bio)degradability, no PBT (persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic) substances, and risk mitigation. With all of these criteria, however, patient health is of primary importance as medicines are required to be safe and efficacious for treating diseases. We discuss the feasibility of including these criteria for green by design active pharmaceutical ingredients in the process of drug discovery and development and which tools or assays are needed to accomplish this. The integrated GREENER approach can be used to accelerate discussions about future innovations in drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline T. A. Moermond
- Centre
for Safety of Substances and Products (VSP), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Neele Puhlmann
- Institut
für Nachhaltige Chemie und Umweltchemie, Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, C13.205, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany
| | - A. Ross Brown
- Biosciences,
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope Building, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, U.K.
| | - Stewart F. Owen
- AstraZeneca, Global Sustainability, Silk Road, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 2NA, U.K.
| | - Jim Ryan
- GSK,
Environment, Health & Safety, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K.
| | - Jason Snape
- AstraZeneca, Global Sustainability, Silk Road, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 2NA, U.K.
| | - Bastiaan J. Venhuis
- Centre for
Health Protection (GZB), National Institute
for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Klaus Kümmerer
- Institut
für Nachhaltige Chemie, Leuphana
Universität Lüneburg, Universitätsallee, 1/C13.311b, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany
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