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Intra and peridomiciliary comparison of density, sex ratio and gonotrophic stage of Phlebotomus sergenti in an active anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis focus in Morocco. Acta Trop 2021; 221:106005. [PMID: 34118204 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania tropica represents a major public health problem due to its ability to spread into non-endemic areas by means of its vectors, and the associated dramatic psychosocial impact. The objective of this work was to compare the intra and extradomiciliary density, sex ratio and gonotrophic stage of sand flies from a recent active focus in Morocco. This field study is based on the need to optimize the effectiveness of control programs. Two different capture methods, CDC light traps and sticky traps, were used at two different times of the year, corresponding with the peaks of sand fly abundance. 7,815 sand flies were captured and classified into 13 species belonging to genera Sergentomyia (50.8%) and Phlebotomus (49.2%). Phlebotomus sergenti was the most abundant and frequent species of the genus Phlebotomus both inside (49.3%) and outside houses (52.1%) and it showed the highest density in extradomiciliary captures in June. The proportion of blood-fed females was similar indoors and outdoors (21.5% and 26.3%, respectively). Females in the three gonotrophic stages were found in 26% houses and this was significantly associated with some factors related to housing conditions. Therefore, P. sergenti seems well adapted to both indoors and outdoors biotopes where these females coexist with males. These findings suggest that the adoption of additional measures could benefit the strategy of the Moroccan health authorities, currently consisting of indoor insecticide spraying, given that transmission may also occur outdoors.
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Hocar O, Aboudourib M, Akhdari N, Hamdaoui A, Mouttaki T, Soussi M, Chiheb S, Amal S, Riyad M. Leishmaniose sublinguale pseudotumorale à Leishmania infantum. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2020; 147:383-386. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2020.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Elfatoiki FZ, Boumezzourh A, Maksouri H, Elkhalfaoui N, Dessay M, Riyad M, Chiheb S. [Cutaneous leishmaniasis of the vermilion border of the upper lip extending to the oral mucosa]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2019; 147:116-118. [PMID: 31672326 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2019.09.600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic in Morocco. Mucosal involvement is rare. We report a case in Morocco of cutaneous leishmaniasis of the vermilion border of the upper lip extending to the oral mucosa due to Leishmania tropica. PATIENTS AND METHODS A 15-year-old girl was seen with 2 ulcerated lesions, present for 4 months, situated on the left cheek and vermilion border and extending to the oral mucosa. The diagnosis of leishmaniasis was confirmed by direct examination revealing high numbers of Leishmania amastigotes. Culture of the offending organism in NNN medium and isoenzymatic characterization resulted in identification of L. tropica. Treatment with meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime) was ineffective. The outcome was good after treatment with fluconazole. CONCLUSION In Morocco, cutaneous leishmaniasis with mucosal involvement is rare, and usually develops as a complication of cutaneous leishmaniasis via direct extension.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Z Elfatoiki
- Service de dermatologie vénérologie, faculté de médecine et pharmacie, université Hassan II de Casablanca, CHU Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Maroc.
| | - A Boumezzourh
- Laboratoire de biologie, CHP My Ali Cherif, Errachidia, Maroc
| | - H Maksouri
- Équipe de recherche sur les leishmanioses cutanées, faculté de médecine et pharmacie, université Hassan II de Casablanca, Casablanca, Maroc; Centre des études doctorales des sciences de la santé (FD. Immunopathologie), faculté de médecine et pharmacie, université Hassan II de Casablanca, Casablanca, Maroc
| | - N Elkhalfaoui
- Équipe de recherche sur les leishmanioses cutanées, faculté de médecine et pharmacie, université Hassan II de Casablanca, Casablanca, Maroc; Centre des études doctorales des sciences de la santé (FD. Immunopathologie), faculté de médecine et pharmacie, université Hassan II de Casablanca, Casablanca, Maroc
| | - M Dessay
- Équipe de recherche sur les leishmanioses cutanées, faculté de médecine et pharmacie, université Hassan II de Casablanca, Casablanca, Maroc; Centre des études doctorales des sciences fondamentales et appliquées (FD. des sciences biologiques), faculté des sciences d'Ain Chock, université Hassan II de Casablanca, Casablanca, Maroc
| | - M Riyad
- Équipe de recherche sur les leishmanioses cutanées, faculté de médecine et pharmacie, université Hassan II de Casablanca, Casablanca, Maroc; Laboratoire de parasitologie, faculté de médecine et pharmacie, université Hassan II de Casablanca, Casablanca, Maroc
| | - S Chiheb
- Service de dermatologie vénérologie, faculté de médecine et pharmacie, université Hassan II de Casablanca, CHU Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Maroc; Équipe de recherche sur les leishmanioses cutanées, faculté de médecine et pharmacie, université Hassan II de Casablanca, Casablanca, Maroc
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Daoudi M, Boussaa S, Echchakery M, Boumezzough A. Risk mapping of human HIV-Leishmaniasis co-infection in Morocco. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02419. [PMID: 31535046 PMCID: PMC6744606 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HIV/AIDS is frequently associated with opportunistic diseases such as leishmaniasis. Hence, the co-infection HIV-Leishmania spp. is the result of the geographical overlap between leishmaniasis and HIV/AIDS cases. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing the spatial distribution of HIV-Leishmaniasis co-infection in Morocco where both infections are endemic. Methods In the current study, we discuss the HIV-Leishmania spp. co-infection vulnerability in Morocco by using the cartography tools. Thus, epidemiological data of both infections (Leishmaniasis and HIV/AIDS) in different administrative regions of Morocco were collected and co-registered for Digital maps making. Results & conclusion The results showed a high risk of HIV-Leishmania infantum co-infection in northern and central regions in Morocco. These results should be taken into account for efficient control strategies and epidemiological surveillance of HIV –Leishmania spp. co-infection in Morocco.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Daoudi
- Laboratory of Ecology and Environment (URAC 32, CNRST; ERACNERS 06), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - S Boussaa
- Laboratory of Ecology and Environment (URAC 32, CNRST; ERACNERS 06), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco.,ISPITS-Higher Institute of Nursing and Health Techniques, Ministry of Health, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - M Echchakery
- Laboratory of Ecology and Environment (URAC 32, CNRST; ERACNERS 06), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco.,Laboratory of Medical Analysis, Regional Hospital Center of IbnZohr, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - A Boumezzough
- Laboratory of Ecology and Environment (URAC 32, CNRST; ERACNERS 06), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
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Hemmaoui B, Jahidi A, Benariba F. Chronic ulcerated lesion of the nasal vestibule. Primary nasal leishmaniasis. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2014; 131:393-394. [PMID: 24913073 DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B Hemmaoui
- Service d'ORL et CCF, Hôpital Militaire Mohamed V, CHU, Hay Riad, 10000 Rabat, Morocco.
| | - A Jahidi
- Service d'ORL et CCF, Hôpital Militaire Mohamed V, CHU, Hay Riad, 10000 Rabat, Morocco
| | - F Benariba
- Service d'ORL et CCF, Hôpital Militaire Mohamed V, CHU, Hay Riad, 10000 Rabat, Morocco
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Faraj C, Adlaoui EB, Ouahabi S, El Kohli M, El Rhazi M, Lakraa L, Ameur B. Distribution and Bionomic of Sand Flies in Five Ecologically Different Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Foci in Morocco. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.5402/2013/145031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous and visceral leishmaniases are endemic in Morocco. Their geographical distribution is well known. It has been related to bioclimatic factors. However, in 2008, two new cutaneous leishmaniasis foci appeared out of the known risk areas. Hence, we have undertaken this entomological survey in five foci situated in different bioclimatic areas to better understand the distribution and the epidemiology of this disease. Results of this study, undertaken during 2011, showed the predominance of Phlebotomus sergenti (55.8%) followed by Ph. perniciosus (12.9%), Ph. longicuspis (12.3%), and Ph. papatasi (12.0%). Ph. sergenti was active during 6 months in subhumid area and 8 months in arid, semiarid, and Saharan areas. Compared to previous studies, our results show a rise in Ph. sergenti abundance and an extension of its activity period. These results could explain the increase in anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis incidence in Morocco and its extension to new nonendemic regions. Ph. perniciosus and Ph. longicuspis have also displayed a large distribution and a long activity period indicating a high potential risk of Leishmania infantum transmission in the studied areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chafika Faraj
- Laboratoire d’Entomologie Médicale, Institut National d’Hygiène, 27 Avenue Ibn Batouta, Agdal, Rabat 10090, Morocco
| | - El Bachir Adlaoui
- Laboratoire d’Entomologie Médicale, Institut National d’Hygiène, 27 Avenue Ibn Batouta, Agdal, Rabat 10090, Morocco
| | - Souad Ouahabi
- Laboratoire d’Entomologie Médicale, Institut National d’Hygiène, 27 Avenue Ibn Batouta, Agdal, Rabat 10090, Morocco
| | - Mohamed El Kohli
- Laboratoire d’Entomologie Médicale, Institut National d’Hygiène, 27 Avenue Ibn Batouta, Agdal, Rabat 10090, Morocco
| | - Mohamed El Rhazi
- Laboratoire d’Entomologie Médicale, Institut National d’Hygiène, 27 Avenue Ibn Batouta, Agdal, Rabat 10090, Morocco
| | - Lhoussine Lakraa
- Laboratoire d’Entomologie Médicale, Institut National d’Hygiène, 27 Avenue Ibn Batouta, Agdal, Rabat 10090, Morocco
| | - Btissam Ameur
- Service de Lutte Antivectorielle, Direction de l’Epidémiologie et de Lutte contre les Maladies, Agdal, Rabat 10080, Morocco
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