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He J, Li Q, Ma S, Li T, Chen Y, Liu Y, Cui Y, Peng J, Shi Y, Wei X, Ding X. The polymorphism analysis and epitope predicted of Alphapapillomavirus 9 E6 in Sichuan, China. Virol J 2022; 19:14. [PMID: 35057815 PMCID: PMC8772103 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01728-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Alphapapillomavirus 9 (α-9 HPV) is a member of the Alphapapillomavirus genus and Papillomaviridae family. These viruses are almost all carcinogenic HPV, which is closely related to 75% of invasive cervical cancer worldwide, and has a high prevalence in Sichuan. The carcinogenic function is mainly realized by its E6 oncoprotein. Methods Cell samples were collected by cervical scraped for HPV detecting and typing.
HPV-16, HPV-31, HPV-33, HPV-52, HPV-58 5 α-9 genus HPV subtype positive samples were selected, their E6 gene was sequenced and analyzed. The positive selection sites of HPV E6 genes were estimated by PAML 4.8 server. The secondary and tertiary structure of E6 protein were predicted by PSIPred and Swiss-model. The T-cell antigen epitopes of E6 protein were predicted by IEDB. Results α-9 HPV has a high prevalence in Sichuan, China. From 2012 to 2017, 18,067 cell cervical samples were collected, and 3135 were detected with α-9 HPV infection. Among which, 250 cases HPV-16 E6, 96 cases HPV-31 E6, 216 cases HPV-33 E6, 288 cases HPV-52 E6 and 405 cases HPV-58 E6 were successfully amplified, 17, 6, 6, 13, and 4 non-synonymous nucleotide mutations were respectively detected in HPV-16, 31, 33, 52, and 58 E6, 7 positive selection sites of α-9 HPV E6 were selected out (D32E of HPV-16 E6, K35N, K93N and R145I of HPV-33 E6, K93R of HPV-52 E6, K93N and R145K of HPV-58 E6). The structure and antigen epitopes of E6 protein with amino acid substitution differ from those of wild-type E6 protein, especially for the mutation located in the E6 positive selection site. Conclusions HPV E6 nucleotide non-synonymous mutation in the positive selection site influence the protein structure and decrease the antigen epitopes affinity of the E6 protein overall, making it more difficult for the HPV-infected cells to be detected by the immune system, and enhancing the HPV adaptability to the environment. Mutations influence the validity of HPV clinical diagnostic probes, the polymorphism analysis of α-9 HPV E6 enrich the data of HR-risk HPV in Sichuan China, and the detection probes designed with the polymorphism data in mind can improve the efficiency of clinical detection; Mutations influence epitopes affinity, the association of E6 polymorphism and epitope affinity can improve the design of therapeutic vaccine with good immunity and high generality antigen epitope; The above study all provide a good theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of HPV-related diseases. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12985-021-01728-4.
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Ye M, Li S, Luo P, Tang X, Gong Q, Mei B. Genetic variation of E6, E7 and L1 genes of human papillomavirus 51 from Central China. J Med Virol 2022; 94:2811-2823. [PMID: 35048388 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengxia Ye
- Department of Laboratory MedicineJingzhou Hospital, Yangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Laboratory MedicineJingzhou Hospital, Yangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Ping Luo
- Department of Laboratory MedicineJingzhou Hospital, Yangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Xuan Tang
- Department of Laboratory MedicineJingzhou Hospital, Yangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Quan Gong
- Department of ImmunologySchool of MedicineYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Bing Mei
- Department of Laboratory MedicineJingzhou Hospital, Yangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
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Silva RCDO, da Silva Júnior AHP, Gurgel APAD, Barros Junior MR, Santos DL, de Lima RDCP, Batista MVA, Pena LJ, Chagas BS, Freitas AC. Structural and functional impacts of E5 genetic variants of human papillomavirus type 31. Virus Res 2020; 290:198143. [PMID: 32871208 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Persistent infections caused by high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) are important, for the development of cervical lesions, but environmental and genetic factors are also related in the process of carcinogenesis. Among the genetic factors, the genetic variants of HR-HPV appear to be related to the risk of persistent infections. Therefore, the present study investigates variants of HPV31 E5 oncogene in cervical scraping samples from Brazilian women to assess their functional and structural effects, in order to identify possible repercussions of these variants on the infectious and carcinogenic process. Our results detected nucleotide changes previously described in the HPV31 E5 oncogene, which may play a critical role in the development of cancer due to its ability to promote cell proliferation and signal transmission. In our study, the interaction percentage of the 31E5 sequence generated by the Immune Epitope Server database and the Analysis Resource (IEDB) allowed us to include possible immunogenic epitopes with the MHC-I and MHC-II molecules, which may represent a possible relationship between protein suppression of the immune system. In the structural analysis of the HPV31 E5 oncoprotein, the N5D, I48 V, P56A, F80I and V64I polymorphisms can be found inserted within transmembrane regions. The P56A mutation has been predicted to be highly stabilizing and, therefore, can cause a change in protein function. Regarding the interaction of the E5 protein from HPV31 with the signaling of NF-kB pathway, we observed that in all variants of the E5 gene from HPV-31, the activity of the NF-kB pathway was increased compared to the prototype. Our study contributes to a more refined design of studies with the E5 gene from HPV31 and provides important data for a better understanding of how variants can be distinguished under their clinical consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruany C de O Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy (LEMTE), Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Ana P A D Gurgel
- Department of Engineering and Environment, Federal University of Paraiba, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Marconi R Barros Junior
- Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy (LEMTE), Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Daffany L Santos
- Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy (LEMTE), Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Rita de C P de Lima
- Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy (LEMTE), Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Marcus V A Batista
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology (GMBio), Department of Biology, Federal University of Sergipe, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Lindomar J Pena
- Department of Virology and Experimental Therapy, Research Center Aggeu Magalhães, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Bárbara S Chagas
- Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy (LEMTE), Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Antonio C Freitas
- Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy (LEMTE), Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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Silva RCO, Lima RDCP, Cordeiro MN, Dos Santos DL, Pena LJ, Gurgel APAD, Batista MVA, Chagas BS, Freitas AC. Functional evaluation of human papillomavirus type 31 long control region variants. Genomics 2020; 112:5066-5071. [PMID: 32898643 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Persistent infections by high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) are a necessary condition, but not sufficient for cervical cancer development. Genetic variants of HR-HPV appear to be related to the risk of persistent infections. The study performed a functional evaluation of variants of the HPV-31 promoter region (LCR). For this, cloning and subcloning of variants HPV-31/UFPE-21 HPV-31/UFPE-89, HPV-31/UFPE-66, E2 gene and prototype HPV-31 were performed. Transfection with different concentrations of E2 was done and the concentration of 25 ng was determined to be ideal for LCR activation. HPV-31/UFPE-21 and HPV-31/UFPE-89 have a greater ability to alter Nluc reporter gene expression levels and HPV-31/UFPE-66 showed decreased levels of gene expression of Nluc reporter gene compared to control. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference between the polymorphic LCR regions and the control (p < 0.0001). A more refined profile of variants of HPV-31 and its importance for the prognosis of cervical lesions begins to be drawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruany C O Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cássia P Lima
- Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Marcelo N Cordeiro
- Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Daffany L Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Lindomar J Pena
- Department of Virology and Experimental Therapy, Research Center Aggeu Magalhães, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ana P A D Gurgel
- Department of Engineering and Environment, Federal University of Paraiba, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Marcus V A Batista
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Bárbara S Chagas
- Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Antonio C Freitas
- Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil.
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Bussey KA, Brinkmann MM. Strategies for immune evasion by human tumor viruses. Curr Opin Virol 2018; 32:30-39. [PMID: 30241043 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Immune evasion is a hallmark of viral persistence. For the seven human tumor viruses to establish lifelong infection in their hosts, they must successfully control the host response to them. Viral inhibition of immune responses occurs at many levels. While some viruses directly target the pattern recognition receptors (PRR) of the innate immune system, they may also antagonize downstream effectors of PRR signaling cascades or activation of transcription, which would otherwise induce a type I interferon (IFN) and/or pro-inflammatory cytokine response. Secretion of IFN activates the type I interferon receptor (IFNAR) signaling pathway, which is also prone to viral inhibition. To evade the adaptive host response, viruses also target various mechanisms including antigen processing and presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra A Bussey
- Institute of Genetics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany; Viral Immune Modulation Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Melanie M Brinkmann
- Institute of Genetics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany; Viral Immune Modulation Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.
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Jing Y, Wang T, Chen Z, Ding X, Xu J, Mu X, Cao M, Chen H. Phylogeny and polymorphism in the long control regions E6, E7, and L1 of HPV Type 56 in women from southwest China. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:7131-7141. [PMID: 29568922 PMCID: PMC5928666 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, human papillomavirus (HPV)‑56 accounts for a small proportion of all high‑risk HPV types; however, HPV‑56 is detected at a higher rate in Asia, particularly in southwest China. The present study analyzed polymorphisms, intratypic variants, and genetic variability in the long control regions (LCR), E6, E7, and L1 of HPV‑56 (n=75). The LCRs, E6, E7 and L1 were sequenced using a polymerase chain reaction and the sequences were submitted to GenBank. Maximum‑likelihood trees were constructed using Kimura's two‑parameter model, followed by secondary structure analysis and protein damaging prediction. Additionally, in order to assess the effect of variations in the LCR on putative binding sites for cellular proteins, MATCH server was used. Finally, the selection pressures of the E6‑E7 and L1 genes were estimated. A total of 18 point substitutions, a 42‑bp deletion and a 19‑bp deletion of LCR were identified. Some of those mutations are embedded in the putative binding sites for transcription factors. 18 single nucleotide changes occurred in the E6‑E7 sequence, 11/18 were non‑synonymous substitutions and 7/18 were synonymous mutations. A total 24 single nucleotide changes were identified in the L1 sequence, 6/24 being non‑synonymous mutations and 18/24 synonymous mutations. Selective pressure analysis predicted that the majority of mutations of HPV‑56 E6, E7 and L1 were of positive selection. The phylogenetic tree demonstrated that the isolates distributed in two lineages. Data on the prevalence and genetic variation of HPV‑56 types in southwest China may aid future studies on viral molecular mechanisms and contribute to future investigations of diagnostic probes and therapeutic vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Jing
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medical Genetics, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P.R. China
- Bio-Resource Research and Utilization Joint Key Laboratory of Sichuan and Chongqing, Chengdu, Chongqing 408400, P.R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medical Genetics, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P.R. China
- Bio-Resource Research and Utilization Joint Key Laboratory of Sichuan and Chongqing, Chengdu, Chongqing 408400, P.R. China
| | - Zuyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medical Genetics, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P.R. China
- Bio-Resource Research and Utilization Joint Key Laboratory of Sichuan and Chongqing, Chengdu, Chongqing 408400, P.R. China
| | - Xianping Ding
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medical Genetics, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P.R. China
- Bio-Resource Research and Utilization Joint Key Laboratory of Sichuan and Chongqing, Chengdu, Chongqing 408400, P.R. China
| | - Jianju Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medical Genetics, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P.R. China
- Bio-Resource Research and Utilization Joint Key Laboratory of Sichuan and Chongqing, Chengdu, Chongqing 408400, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei Mu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medical Genetics, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P.R. China
- Bio-Resource Research and Utilization Joint Key Laboratory of Sichuan and Chongqing, Chengdu, Chongqing 408400, P.R. China
| | - Man Cao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medical Genetics, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P.R. China
- Bio-Resource Research and Utilization Joint Key Laboratory of Sichuan and Chongqing, Chengdu, Chongqing 408400, P.R. China
| | - Honghan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medical Genetics, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P.R. China
- Bio-Resource Research and Utilization Joint Key Laboratory of Sichuan and Chongqing, Chengdu, Chongqing 408400, P.R. China
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7
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Zhang J, Zhang S, Wang M, Ding X, Wen Q, Chen Z, Cao M, Jing Y, Zhang S. Genetic variability in E5, E6, E7 and L1 genes of human papillomavirus type 31. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:5498-5507. [PMID: 29393441 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) type 31 is an important pathogenic subtype associated with cervical cancer. The aims of the present study were to analyze E5, E6, E7 and L1 gene mutations of HPV‑31 among females, and to elucidate the evolutionary associations between them. In total, 87 positive samples were collected. The E5, E6, E7 and L1 genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced. Subsequently, two phylogenetic trees were constructed from the nucleotide sequences of the E5, E6 and E7 and the L1 variants of HPV‑31. In total, 31 mutation sites of E5, E6 and E7 genes were identified, of which 16 were non‑synonymous. T4053A (F80I), C285T (H60Y), C520T (A138V) and A743G (K62E) were the most common non‑synonymous mutations. A total of 30 mutation sites of L1 genes were identified, of which four were non‑synonymous. The most common non‑synonymous mutations of L1 genes were A6350G (T29A) and C6372A (T36N). By phylogenetic analysis, A and C variants were most frequently detected, while B variants were less frequently detected in this population. The sequence variation data obtained in the present study provides a foundation for future research regarding HPV‑induced oncogenesis, and may prove valuable for developing diagnostic probes and in the design of HPV vaccines for targeted populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio‑Resources and Eco‑Environment, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P.R. China
| | - Shaohong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio‑Resources and Eco‑Environment, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P.R. China
| | - Mengting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio‑Resources and Eco‑Environment, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P.R. China
| | - Xianping Ding
- Key Laboratory of Bio‑Resources and Eco‑Environment, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Wen
- Key Laboratory of Bio‑Resources and Eco‑Environment, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P.R. China
| | - Zuyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio‑Resources and Eco‑Environment, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P.R. China
| | - Man Cao
- Key Laboratory of Bio‑Resources and Eco‑Environment, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P.R. China
| | - Yaling Jing
- Key Laboratory of Bio‑Resources and Eco‑Environment, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P.R. China
| | - Shun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio‑Resources and Eco‑Environment, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P.R. China
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Westrich JA, Warren CJ, Pyeon D. Evasion of host immune defenses by human papillomavirus. Virus Res 2017; 231:21-33. [PMID: 27890631 PMCID: PMC5325784 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2016.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A majority of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are asymptomatic and self-resolving in the absence of medical interventions. Various innate and adaptive immune responses, as well as physical barriers, have been implicated in controlling early HPV infections. However, if HPV overcomes these host immune defenses and establishes persistence in basal keratinocytes, it becomes very difficult for the host to eliminate the infection. The HPV oncoproteins E5, E6, and E7 are important in regulating host immune responses. These oncoproteins dysregulate gene expression, protein-protein interactions, posttranslational modifications, and cellular trafficking of critical host immune modulators. In addition to the HPV oncoproteins, sequence variation and dinucleotide depletion in papillomavirus genomes has been suggested as an alternative strategy for evasion of host immune defenses. Since anti-HPV host immune responses are also considered to be important for antitumor immunity, immune dysregulation by HPV during virus persistence may contribute to immune suppression essential for HPV-associated cancer progression. Here, we discuss cellular pathways dysregulated by HPV that allow the virus to evade various host immune defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Westrich
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Cody J Warren
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Current address: BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Dohun Pyeon
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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Ferenczi A, Gyöngyösi E, Szalmás A, László B, Kónya J, Veress G. Phylogenetic and functional analysis of sequence variation of human papillomavirus type 31 E6 and E7 oncoproteins. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2016; 43:94-100. [PMID: 27197052 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) are the causative agents of cervical and other anogenital cancers as well as a subset of head and neck cancers. The E6 and E7 oncoproteins of HPV contribute to oncogenesis by associating with the tumour suppressor protein p53 and pRb, respectively. For HPV types 16 and 18, intratypic sequence variation was shown to have biological and clinical significance. The functional significance of sequence variation among HPV 31 variants was studied less intensively. HPV 31 variants belonging to different variant lineages were found to have differences in persistence and in the ability to cause high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. In the present study, we started to explore the functional effects of natural sequence variation of HPV 31 E6 and E7 oncoproteins. The E6 variants were tested for their effects on p53 protein stability and transcriptional activity, while the E7 variants were tested for their effects on pRb protein level and also on the transcriptional activity of E2F transcription factors. HPV 31 E7 variants displayed uniform effects on pRb stability and also on the activity of E2F transcription factors. HPV 31 E6 variants had remarkable differences in the ability to inhibit the trans-activation function of p53 but not in the ability to induce the in vivo degradation of p53. Our results indicate that natural sequence variation of the HPV 31 E6 protein may be involved in the observed differences in the oncogenic potential between HPV 31 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamária Ferenczi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Eszter Gyöngyösi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anita Szalmás
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Brigitta László
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - József Kónya
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Veress
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
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Association Study between Cervical Lesions and Single or Multiple Vaccine-Target and Non-Vaccine Target Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Types in Women from Northeastern Brazil. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132570. [PMID: 26176537 PMCID: PMC4503727 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We performed an association between high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) and single or multiple vaccine-target as well as non-vaccine target Human papillomavirus (HPV) types. Using bead-based HPV genotyping, 594 gynecological samples were genotyped. An association between squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) and presence of HPV16, 18, 31, 58 and 56 types were calculated. The risk was estimated by using odds ratio (OR) and 95% of confidence intervals (CI). A total of 370 (62.3%) women were HPV positive. Among these, 157 (42.7%) presented a single HPV infection, and 212 (57.3%) were infected by more than one HPV type. HPV31 was the most prevalent genotype, regardless single and multiple HPV infections. Single infection with HPV31 was associated with LSIL (OR=2.32; 95%CI: 1.01 to 5.32; p=0.04); HPV31 was also associated with LSIL (OR=3.28; 95%CI: 1.74 to 6.19; p= 0.0002) and HSIL (OR=3.82; 95%CI: 2.10 to 6.97; p<0.001) in multiple HPV infections. Risk to harbor cervical lesions was observed in multiple HPV infections with regard to the HPV56 (OR=5.39; 95%CI: 2.44 to 11.90; p<0.001for LSIL; OR=5.37; 95%CI: 2.71 to 10.69; p<0.001) and HPV58 (OR=3.29; 95%CI: 1.34 to 8.09; p=0.0091 for LSIL; OR=3.55; 95%CI: 1.56 to 8.11; p=0.0026) genotypes. In addition, women coinfected with HPV16/31/56 types had 6 and 5-fold increased risk of HSIL (OR=6.46; 95%CI: 1.89 to 22.09; p=0.002) and LSIL (OR=5.22; 95%CI: 1.10 to 24.70; p=0.03), respectively. Multiple HPV infections without HPV16/18 has 2-fold increased risk of HSIL (OR=2.57; 95%CI: 1.41 to 4.70; p=0.002) and LSIL OR=2.03; 95%CI: 1.08 to 3.79; p=0.02). The results of this study suggest that single and multiple vaccine target as well as non-vaccine target HPV types are associated with LSIL and HSIL. These finding should be taken into consideration in the design of HPV vaccination strategies.
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Prevalence of human papillomavirus variants and genetic diversity in the L1 gene and long control region of HPV16, HPV31, and HPV58 found in North-East Brazil. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:130828. [PMID: 25793187 PMCID: PMC4352477 DOI: 10.1155/2015/130828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study showed the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) variants as well as nucleotide changes within L1 gene and LCR of the HPV16, HPV31, and HPV58 found in cervical lesions of women from North-East Brazil.
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Liu M, He Z, Xi L, Li J, Liu F, Liu Y, Pan Y, Ning T, Guo C, Xu R, Zhang L, Cai H, Ke Y. The distribution and common amino acid polymorphisms of human papillomavirus (HPV)-31 variants in 2700 women from Northern China. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99141. [PMID: 24901850 PMCID: PMC4047102 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the distribution of Human papillomavirus (HPV)-31 A, B and C variants as well as the common amino acid polymorphisms in Chinese women, all 14 HPV-31 positive cervical exfoliated cell specimens identified from a descriptive study including ∼2700 women from Northern China were analyzed. HPV-31 positive specimens were identified by Mass Spectrometry and the fragments of partial Long Control Region, E6 and E7 were amplified and directly sequenced or cloned into vector and then sequenced to confirm the variant information. HPV-31 prevalence in Northern Chinese female population was 0.52%. Six different sequences represented all 14 isolates, and these isolates were subsequently classified into variant lineage A (9), B (0) and C (5) by phylogenetic analysis. Five common amino acid polymorphism sites (2 in E6 and 3 in E7) and a novel non-synonymous mutation were detected in the current study. Our investigation suggested that HPV-31 was much less detected in Chinese women population than that in western countries. A and C variants were commonly detected while B variants were rarely detected in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfei Liu
- Laboratory of Genetics, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhonghu He
- Laboratory of Genetics, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Longfu Xi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jingjing Li
- Laboratory of Genetics, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Fangfang Liu
- Laboratory of Genetics, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Laboratory of Genetics, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yaqi Pan
- Laboratory of Genetics, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Tao Ning
- Laboratory of Genetics, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Chuanhai Guo
- Laboratory of Genetics, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ruiping Xu
- Anyang Cancer Hospital, Anyang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Anyang Cancer Hospital, Anyang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Hong Cai
- Laboratory of Genetics, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (HC); (YK)
| | - Yang Ke
- Laboratory of Genetics, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (HC); (YK)
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de Freitas AC, Coimbra EC, Leitão MDCG. Molecular targets of HPV oncoproteins: potential biomarkers for cervical carcinogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2014; 1845:91-103. [PMID: 24388872 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide and is responsible for 275,000 deaths each year. Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is an essential factor for the development of cervical cancer. Although the process is not fully understood, molecular mechanisms caused by HPV infection are necessary for its development and reveal a large number of potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. These molecules are host genes and/or proteins, and cellular microRNAs involved in cell cycle regulation that result from disturbed expression of HR-HPV E5, E6 and E7 oncoproteins. One of the current challenges in medicine is to discover potent biomarkers that can correctly diagnose cervical premalignant lesions and standardize clinical management. Currently, studies are showing that some of these molecules are potential biomarkers of cervical carcinogenesis, and it is possible to carry out a more accurate diagnosis and provide more appropriate follow-up treatment for women with cervical dysplasia. In this paper, we review recent research studies on cell cycle molecules deregulated by HPV infections, as well as their potential use for cervical cancer screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Carlos de Freitas
- Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy, Department of Genetics, Center for Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
| | - Eliane Campos Coimbra
- Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy, Department of Genetics, Center for Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
| | - Maria da Conceição Gomes Leitão
- Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy, Department of Genetics, Center for Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
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