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Acute gastroenteritis hospitalizations after implementation of universal mass vaccination against rotavirus. Vaccine 2020; 38:2879-2886. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.01.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Novikova NA, Sashina TA, Epifanova NV, Kashnikov AU, Morozova OV. Long-term monitoring of G1P[8] rotaviruses circulating without vaccine pressure in Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, 1984-2019. Arch Virol 2020; 165:865-875. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-020-04553-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Temprana CF, Argüelles MH, Gutierrez NM, Barril PA, Esteban LE, Silvestre D, Mandile MG, Glikmann G, Castello AA. Rotavirus VP6 protein mucosally delivered by cell wall-derived particles from Lactococcus lactis induces protection against infection in a murine model. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203700. [PMID: 30192869 PMCID: PMC6128627 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Rotaviruses are the primary cause of acute gastroenteritis in children worldwide. Although the implementation of live attenuated vaccines has reduced the number of rotavirus-associated deaths, variance in their effectiveness has been reported in different countries. This fact, among other concerns, leads to continuous efforts for the development of new generation of vaccines against rotavirus.In this work, we describe the obtention of cell wall-derived particles from a recombinant Lactococcus lactis expressing a cell wall-anchored version of the rotavirus VP6 protein. After confirming by SDS-PAGE, Western blot, flow cytometry and electronic immunomicroscopy that these particles were carrying the VP6 protein, their immunogenic potential was evaluated in adult BALB/c mice. For that, mucosal immunizations (oral or intranasal), with or without the dmLT [(double mutant Escherichia coli heat labile toxin LT(R192G/L211A)] adjuvant were performed. The results showed that these cell wall-derived particles were able to generate anti-rotavirus IgG and IgA antibodies only when administered intranasally, whether the adjuvant was present or not. However, the presence of dmLT was necessary to confer protection against rotavirus infection, which was evidenced by a 79.5 percent viral shedding reduction.In summary, this work describes the production of cell wall-derived particles which were able to induce a protective immune response after intranasal immunization. Further studies are needed to characterize the immune response elicited by these particles as well as to determine their potential as an alternative to the use of live L. lactis for mucosal antigen delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Facundo Temprana
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología (LIV), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Buenos Aires, Argentina
- * E-mail: (AAC); (CFT)
| | - Marcelo H. Argüelles
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología (LIV), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolás M. Gutierrez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología (LIV), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia A. Barril
- Laboratorio de Microbiología de los Alimentos, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia Técnica a la Industria (CIATI A.C.)–CONICET, Centenario, Neuquén, Argentina
| | - Laura E. Esteban
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología (LIV), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Dalila Silvestre
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología (LIV), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo G. Mandile
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología (LIV), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Graciela Glikmann
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología (LIV), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro A. Castello
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología (LIV), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional Arturo Jauretche, Florencio Varela, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- * E-mail: (AAC); (CFT)
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Wang Y, Zhang J, Liu P. Clinical and molecular epidemiologic trends reveal the important role of rotavirus in adult infectious gastroenteritis, in Shanghai, China. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2017; 47:143-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Langa JS, Thompson R, Arnaldo P, Resque HR, Rose T, Enosse SM, Fialho A, de Assis RMS, da Silva MFM, Leite JPG. Epidemiology of rotavirus A diarrhea in Chókwè, Southern Mozambique, from February to September, 2011. J Med Virol 2016; 88:1751-8. [PMID: 27003797 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Acute diarrhea disease caused by Rotaviruses A (RVA) is still the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children ≤5 years old in developing countries. An exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted between February and September, 2011 to determine the proportion of acute diarrhea caused by RVA. A total of 254 stool specimens were collected from children ≤5 years old with acute diarrhea, including outpatients (222 children) and inpatients (32 children), in three local health centers in Chókwè District, Gaza Province, South of Mozambique. RVA antigens were detected using enzyme immunoassay (EIA); the RVA G (VP7) and P (VP4) genotypes were determined by RT-PCR or analysis sequencing. Sixty (24%) out of 254 fecal specimens were positive for RVA by EIA; being 58 (97%) from children ≤2 years of age. RVA prevalence peaks in June and July (coldest and drier months) and the G[P] binary combination observed were G12P[8] (57%); G1P[8] (9%); G12P[6] (6%); and 2% for each of the following genotypes: G1P[6], G2P[6] G4P[6], and G9P[8]. Non-Typeable (NT) G and/or P genotypes were observed as follows: G12P [NT] (6%); G1P [NT], G3P[NT] and GNTP[NT] (4%). Considering the different GP combinations, G12 represented 67% of the genotypes. This is the first data showing the diversity of RVA genotypes in Mozambique highlighting the epidemiological importance of these viruses in acute diarrhea cases in children ≤2 years old. In addition, these findings will provide a baseline data before the introduction of the RVA monovalent (Rotarix(®) ) vaccine in the National Immunization Program in September 2015. J. Med. Virol. 88:1751-1758, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerónimo S Langa
- Chokwe Health Research and Training Centre (CITSC), National Institute of Health, Maputo, Mozambique.,Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Thompson
- Chokwe Health Research and Training Centre (CITSC), National Institute of Health, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Paulo Arnaldo
- Chokwe Health Research and Training Centre (CITSC), National Institute of Health, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Hugo Reis Resque
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Virology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Rose
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sonia M Enosse
- Chokwe Health Research and Training Centre (CITSC), National Institute of Health, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Alexandre Fialho
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelle Figueira Marques da Silva
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Faculty of Biology, Laboratory of Virus Contaminants of Water and Food, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Paulo Gagliardi Leite
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Bucardo F, Nordgren J. Impact of vaccination on the molecular epidemiology and evolution of group A rotaviruses in Latin America and factors affecting vaccine efficacy. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2015; 34:106-13. [PMID: 26079278 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2015.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite high rotavirus (RV) vaccine coverage (∼83%) and good effectiveness (∼77%) against RV-diarrhea hospitalization, RV is still contributing to the burden of diarrhea that persists in hospital settings in several Latin American countries, where RV vaccination is being implemented. Due to the extensive genomic and antigenic diversity, among co-circulating human RV, a major concern has been that the introduction of RV vaccination could exert selection pressure leading to higher prevalence of strains not included in the vaccines and/or emergence of new strains, thus, reducing the efficacy of vaccination. Here we review the molecular epidemiology of RV in Latin America and explore issues of RV evolution and selection in light of vaccination. We further explore etiologies behind the large burden of diarrhea remaining after vaccination in some countries and discuss plausible reasons for vaccine failures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filemón Bucardo
- Department of Microbiology, National Autonomous University of León, Nicaragua (UNAN-León), Nicaragua.
| | - Johan Nordgren
- Division of Molecular Virology, Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Medical Faculty University of Linköping, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden
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Rotavirus genotypes in sewage treatment plants and in children hospitalized with acute diarrhea in Italy in 2010 and 2011. Appl Environ Microbiol 2014; 81:241-9. [PMID: 25344240 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02695-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the molecular surveillance network RotaNet-Italy provides useful nationwide data on rotaviruses causing severe acute gastroenteritis in children in Italy, scarce information is available on rotavirus circulation in the general Italian population, including adults with mild or asymptomatic infection. We investigated the genotypes of rotaviruses present in urban wastewaters and compared them with those of viral strains from clinical pediatric cases. During 2010 and 2011, 285 sewage samples from 4 Italian cities were tested by reverse transcription-PCRs (RT-PCRs) specific for rotavirus VP7 and VP4 genes. Rotavirus was detected in 172 (60.4%) samples, 26 of which contained multiple rotavirus G (VP7 gene) genotypes, for a total of 198 G types. Thirty-two samples also contained multiple P (VP4 gene) genotypes, yielding 204 P types in 172 samples. Genotype G1 accounted for 65.6% of rotaviruses typed, followed by genotypes G2 (20.2%), G9 (7.6%), G4 (4.6%), G6 (1.0%), G3 (0.5%), and G26 (0.5%). VP4 genotype P[8] accounted for 75.0% of strains, genotype P[4] accounted for 23.0% of strains, and the uncommon genotypes P[6], P[9], P[14], and P[19] accounted for 2.0% of strains altogether. These rotavirus genotypes were also found in pediatric patients hospitalized in the same areas and years but in different proportions. Specifically, genotypes G2, G9, and P[4] were more prevalent in sewage samples than among samples from patients, which suggests either a larger circulation of the latter strains through the general population not requiring medical care or their greater survival in wastewaters. A high level of nucleotide identity in the G1, G2, and G6 VP7 sequences was observed between strains from the environment and those from patients.
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Desselberger U. Rotaviruses. Virus Res 2014; 190:75-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2014.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Steyer A, Sagadin M, Kolenc M, Poljšak-Prijatelj M. Molecular characterization of rotavirus strains from pre- and post-vaccination periods in a country with low vaccination coverage: the case of Slovenia. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2014; 28:413-25. [PMID: 24999235 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2014.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Rotavirus vaccination started in Slovenia in 2007 on a voluntarily basis. The vaccination rate is relatively low (up to 27%) and no increasing trend is observed. We present rotavirus genotype distribution among children hospitalized for rotavirus gastroenteritis in Slovenia. Eight consecutive rotavirus seasons were followed, from 2005/06 to 2012/13, and 113 strains of the most common rotavirus genotypes were randomly selected for molecular characterization of rotavirus VP7 and VP4 (VP8(∗)) genome segments. During the vaccine introduction period, from 2007 to 2013, rotavirus genotype prevalences changed, with G1P[8] decreasing from 74.1% to 8.7% between 2007/08 and 2010/11 seasons, replaced by G4P[8] and G2P[4], with up to 52.0% prevalence. Comparable analysis of VP7 and VP8(∗) genome fragments within G1P[8] genotype lineages revealed considerable differences for rotavirus strains circulating before and during the vaccination period. The G1P[8] rotavirus strains from the pre-vaccination period clustered in a phylogenetic tree within Rotarix®-like VP7 and VP8(∗) lineages. However, since 2007, the majority of G1P[8] strains have shifted to distant genetic lineages with lower nucleotide (88.1-94.0% for VP7 and 86.6-91.1% for VP8(∗)) and amino acid (93.8-95.2% for VP7 and 85.3-94.6% for VP8(∗)) identities to the vaccine Rotarix® strain. This change also resulted in a different deduced amino acid profile at the major VP7 and VP8(∗) antigenic epitopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Steyer
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Martin Sagadin
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Marko Kolenc
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Mateja Poljšak-Prijatelj
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Böhles N, Böhles N, Busch K, Busch K, Hensel M, Hensel M. Vaccines against human diarrheal pathogens: current status and perspectives. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2014; 10:1522-35. [PMID: 24861668 PMCID: PMC5396248 DOI: 10.4161/hv.29241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, nearly 1.7 billion people per year contract diarrheal infectious diseases (DID) and almost 760 000 of infections are fatal. DID are a major problem in developing countries where poor sanitation prevails and food and water may become contaminated by fecal shedding. Diarrhea is caused by pathogens such as bacteria, protozoans and viruses. Important diarrheal pathogens are Vibrio cholerae, Shigella spp. and rotavirus, which can be prevented with vaccines for several years. The focus of this review is on currently available vaccines against these three pathogens, and on development of new vaccines. Currently, various types of vaccines based on traditional (killed, live attenuated, toxoid or conjugate vaccines) and reverse vaccinology (DNA/mRNA, vector, recombinant subunit, plant vaccines) are in development or already available. Development of new vaccines demands high levels of knowledge, experience, budget, and time, yet promising new vaccines often fail in preclinical and clinical studies. Efficacy of vaccination also depends on the route of delivery, and mucosal immunization in particular is of special interest for preventing DID. Furthermore, adjuvants, delivery systems and other vaccine components are essential for an adequate immune response. These aspects will be discussed in relation to the improvement of existing and development of new vaccines against DID.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Michael Hensel
- Abt. Mikrobiologie; Universität Osnabrück; Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Michael Hensel
- Abt. Mikrobiologie; Universität Osnabrück; Osnabrück, Germany
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Magagula NB, Esona MD, Nyaga MM, Stucker KM, Halpin RA, Stockwell TB, Seheri ML, Steele AD, Wentworth DE, Mphahlele MJ. Whole genome analyses of G1P[8] rotavirus strains from vaccinated and non-vaccinated South African children presenting with diarrhea. J Med Virol 2014; 87:79-101. [PMID: 24841697 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are the leading cause of severe gastroenteritis and eventually death among infants and young children worldwide, and disease prevention and management through vaccination is a public health priority. In August 2009, Rotarix™ was introduced in the South African Expanded Programme on Immunisation. As a result, substantial reductions in RVA disease burden have been reported among children younger than 5 years old. Rotavirus strain surveillance post-vaccination is crucial to, inter alia, monitor and study the evolution of vaccine escape strains. Here, full-genome sequence data for the 11 gene segments from 11 South African G1P[8] rotavirus strains were generated, including 5 strains collected from non-vaccinated children during the 2004-2009 rotavirus seasons and 6 strains collected from vaccinated children during the 2010 rotavirus season. These data were analyzed to gain insights into the overall genetic makeup and evolution of South African G1P[8] rotavirus strains and to compare their genetic backbones with those of common human Wa-like RVAs from other countries, as well as with the Rotarix™ and RotaTeq™ G1P[8] vaccine components. All 11 South African G1P[8] strains revealed a complete Wa-like genotype constellation of G1-P[8]-I1-R1-C1-M1-A1-N1-T1-E1-H1. On the basis of sequence similarities, the South African G1P[8] strains (with the exception of strain RVA/Human-wt/ZAF/1262/2004/G1P[8]) were closely related to each other (96-100% identity in all gene segments). Comparison to the Rotarix™ and RotaTeq™ G1P[8] vaccine components revealed a moderate nucleotide identity of 89-96% and 93-95%, respectively. The results indicated that none of the gene segments of these 11 South African G1P[8] strains were vaccine-derived. This study illustrates that large-scale next generation sequencing will provide crucial information on the influence of the vaccination program on evolution of rotavirus strains. This is the first report to describe full genomic analyses of G1P[8] RVA strains collected from both non-vaccinated and vaccinated children in South Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nonkululeko B Magagula
- Medical Research Council/Diarrhoeal Pathogens Research Unit, Department of Virology, University of Limpopo, Medunsa Campus/National Health Laboratory Service, Pretoria, South Africa
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Moreno-Pérez D, Álvarez García F, Arístegui Fernández J, Cilleruelo Ortega M, Corretger Rauet J, García Sánchez N, Hernández Merino A, Hernández-Sampelayo Matos T, Merino Moína M, Ortigosa del Castillo L, Ruiz-Contreras J. Calendario de vacunaciones de la Asociación Española de Pediatría: recomendaciones 2014. An Pediatr (Barc) 2014; 80:55.e1-55.e37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2013.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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