1
|
Sánchez-Martínez A, Giraldo Hoyos S, Alzate-Ángel JC, Guzmán F, Roman T, Velilla PA, Acevedo-Sáenz L. CD8 +T-cell response to mutated HLA-B*35-restricted Gag HY9 and HA9 epitopes from HIV-1 variants from Medellin, Colombia. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33143. [PMID: 39027459 PMCID: PMC11254536 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The HLA-B*35 alleles have been associated with a slow or rapid progression of HIV-1 infection. However, the mechanisms related to HIV-1 progression have yet to be entirely understood. Several reports indicate that the binding affinity between the HLA-I molecule and peptides could be associated with an increased CD8+ T-cell response. Novel HLA-B*35-restricted mutated variants have been described from HSNQVSQNY (HY9) and HPVHAGPIA (HA9) epitopes. Bioinformatic analysis has indicated that these mutated epitopes show low and high binding affinity towards HLA-B*35, respectively. However, the polyfunctionality of CD8+ T-cells stimulated with these mutated and wild-type epitopes has yet to be reported. The results suggest that the low-binding affinity H124 N/S125 N/N126S mutated peptide in the HY9 epitope induced a lower percentage of CD107a+CD8+ T-cells than the wild-type epitope. Instead, the high-binding affinity peptides I223V and I223A in the HA9 epitope induced a significantly higher frequency of polyfunctional CD8+ T-cells. Also, a higher proportion of CD8+ T-cells with two functions, with Granzyme B+ Perforin+ being the predominant profile, was observed after stimulation with mutated peptides associated with high binding affinity in the HA9 epitope. These results suggest that the high-affinity mutated peptides induced a more polyfunctional CD8+ T-cell response, which could be related to the control of viral replication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Sánchez-Martínez
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Udea, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Sofía Giraldo Hoyos
- Unidad de Investigación Clínica, Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan Carlos Alzate-Ángel
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Udea, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
- Unidad de Micología Médica y Experimental, Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas – Universidad de Santander (CIB-UDES), Colombia
| | - Fanny Guzmán
- Núcleo de Biotecnología Curauma, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Tanya Roman
- Núcleo de Biotecnología Curauma, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Paula A. Velilla
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Udea, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Liliana Acevedo-Sáenz
- Grupo Cuidado Enfermería-CES, Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wei Y, Cai Y, Han X, Han Z, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Li Q. Genetic diversity and molecular evolution of Seoul virus in Hebei province, China. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2023; 114:105503. [PMID: 37717798 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2023.105503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Seoul virus (SEOV) is a major pathogen which causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), and is present all over the world. However, there are currently few long-term systematic studies of SEOV's phylogenetic and evolutionary mechanisms in epidemic areas. Thus, in this study, we used RT-PCR combined with NGS to obtain the genomes of six SEOV viruses from 1993, as well as 56 Hebei province-specific tissue samples from 1999 to 2022. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the SEOV samples could be divided into seven groups and showed geographic clustering. The geographic region may be the main factor affecting the genetic diversity of SEOV. We also found that SEOV was subject to strong overall purifying selection and positive selection at certain sites during evolution. Recombination events and high nucleotide substitution rates were also shown to accelerate SEOV's evolution. Evolutionary feature of the L segment is more representative of complete genome. Our detailed analysis provides a deeper understanding of the genetic diversity and evolutionary drivers of SEOV within its primary epidemic areas. It will be important to further monitor epidemiological trends and drivers of variation to help increase our understanding of the pathogenicity of SEOV infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Wei
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China; Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Hebei Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yanan Cai
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China; Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Hebei Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xu Han
- Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Hebei Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhanying Han
- Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Hebei Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yanbo Zhang
- Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Hebei Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yonggang Xu
- Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Hebei Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Qi Li
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China; Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Hebei Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sánchez-Martínez A, Acevedo-Sáenz L, Alzate-Ángel JC, Álvarez CM, Guzmán F, Roman T, Urcuqui-Inchima S, Cardona-Maya WD, Velilla PA. Functional Profile of CD8 + T-Cells in Response to HLA-A*02:01-Restricted Mutated Epitopes Derived from the Gag Protein of Circulating HIV-1 Strains from Medellín, Colombia. Front Immunol 2022; 13:793982. [PMID: 35392101 PMCID: PMC8980466 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.793982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CD8+ T-cells play a crucial role in the control of HIV replication. HIV-specific CD8+ T-cell responses rapidly expand since the acute phase of the infection, and it has been observed that HIV controllers harbor CD8+ T-cells with potent anti-HIV capacity. The development of CD8+ T-cell-based vaccine against HIV-1 has focused on searching for immunodominant epitopes. However, the strong immune pressure of CD8+ T-cells causes the selection of viral variants with mutations in immunodominant epitopes. Since HIV-1 mutations are selected under the context of a specific HLA-I, the circulation of viral variants with these mutations is highly predictable based on the most prevalent HLA-I within a population. We previously demonstrated the adaptation of circulating strains of HIV-1 to the HLA-A*02 molecule by identifying mutations under positive selection located in GC9 and SL9 epitopes derived from the Gag protein. Also, we used an in silico prediction approach and evaluated whether the mutations found had a higher or lower affinity to the HLA-A*02. Although this strategy allowed predicting the interaction between mutated peptides and HLA-I, the functional response of CD8+ T-cells that these peptides induce is unknown. In the present work, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 12 HIV-1+ HLA-A*02:01+ individuals were stimulated with the mutated and wild-type peptides derived from the GC9 and SL9 epitopes. The functional profile of CD8+ T-cells was evaluated using flow cytometry, and the frequency of subpopulations was determined according to their number of functions and the polyfunctionality index. The results suggest that the quality of the response (polyfunctionality) could be associated with the binding affinity of the peptide to the HLA molecule, and the functional profile of specific CD8+ T-cells to mutated epitopes in individuals under cART is maintained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Sánchez-Martínez
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Liliana Acevedo-Sáenz
- Grupo Cuidado Enfermería CES, Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan Carlos Alzate-Ángel
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.,Unidad de Micología Médica y Experimental, Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas, Medellín, Universidad de Santander (CIB-UDES), Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Cristian M Álvarez
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Fanny Guzmán
- Núcleo de Biotecnología Curauma, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Tanya Roman
- Núcleo de Biotecnología Curauma, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Silvio Urcuqui-Inchima
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Walter D Cardona-Maya
- Grupo Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Paula Andrea Velilla
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Olusola BA, Olaleye DO, Odaibo GN. Non-synonymous Substitutions in HIV-1 GAG Are Frequent in Epitopes Outside the Functionally Conserved Regions and Associated With Subtype Differences. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:615721. [PMID: 33505382 PMCID: PMC7829476 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.615721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2019, 38 million people lived with HIV-1 infection resulting in 690,000 deaths. Over 50% of this infection and its associated deaths occurred in Sub-Saharan Africa. The West African region is a known hotspot of the HIV-1 epidemic. There is a need to develop an HIV-1 vaccine if the HIV epidemic would be effectively controlled. Few protective cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTL) epitopes within the HIV-1 GAG (HIV_gagconsv) have been previously identified to be functionally conserved among the HIV-1 M group. These epitopes are currently the focus of universal HIV-1 T cell-based vaccine studies. However, these epitopes' phenotypic and genetic properties have not been observed in natural settings for HIV-1 strains circulating in the West African region. This information is critical as the usefulness of universal HIV-1 vaccines in the West African region depends on these epitopes' occurrence in strains circulating in the area. This study describes non-synonymous substitutions within and without HIV_gagconsv genes isolated from 10 infected Nigerians at the early stages of HIV-1 infection. Furthermore, we analyzed these substitutions longitudinally in five infected individuals from the early stages of infection till after seroconversion. We identified three non-synonymous substitutions within HIV_gagconsv genes isolated from early HIV infected individuals. Fourteen and nineteen mutations outside the HIV_gagconsv were observed before and after seroconversion, respectively, while we found four mutations within the HIV_gagconsv. These substitutions include previously mapped CTL epitope immune escape mutants. CTL immune pressure likely leaves different footprints on HIV-1 GAG epitopes within and outside the HIV_gagconsv. This information is crucial for universal HIV-1 vaccine designs for use in the West African region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Georgina N. Odaibo
- Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Acevedo-Saenz L, Perdomo-Celis F, Montoya CJ, Velilla PA. Polyfunctional CD8+ T-Cell Response to Autologous Peptides from Protease and Reverse Transcriptase of HIV-1 Clade B. Curr HIV Res 2020; 17:350-359. [PMID: 31622220 DOI: 10.2174/1570162x17666191017105910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diversity of the HIV proteome influences the cellular response and development of an effective vaccine, particularly due to the generation of viral variants with mutations located within CD8+ T-cell epitopes. These mutations can affect the recognition of the epitopes, that may result in the selection of HIV variants with mutated epitopes (autologous epitopes) and different CD8+ T-cell functional profiles. OBJECTIVE To determine the phenotype and functionality of CD8+ T-cell from HIV-infected Colombian patients in response to autologous and consensus peptides derived from HIV-1 clade B protease and reverse transcriptase (RT). METHODS By flow cytometry, we compared the ex vivo CD8+ T-cell responses from HIV-infected patients to autologous and consensus peptides derived from HIV-1 clade B protease and RT, restricted by HLA-B*35, HLA-B*44 and HLA-B*51 alleles. RESULTS Although autologous peptides restricted by HLA-B*35 and HLA-B*44 did not show any differences compared with consensus peptides, we observed the induction of a higher polyfunctional profile of CD8+ T-cells by autologous peptides restricted by HLA-B*51, particularly by the production of interferon-γ and macrophage inflammatory protein-1β. The response by different memory CD8+ T-cell populations was comparable between autologous vs. consensus peptides. In addition, the magnitude of the polyfunctional response induced by the HLA-B*51-restricted QRPLVTIRI autologous epitope correlated with low viremia. CONCLUSION Autologous peptides should be considered for the evaluation of HIV-specific CD8+ Tcell responses and to reveal some relevant epitopes that could be useful for therapeutic strategies aiming to promote polyfunctional CD8+ T-cell responses in a specific population of HIV-infected patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Acevedo-Saenz
- Grupo Inmunovirologia, Departamento de Microbiologia y Parasitologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia.,Grupo de Investigación Enfermería-CES, Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad CES, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Federico Perdomo-Celis
- Grupo Inmunovirologia, Departamento de Microbiologia y Parasitologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Carlos J Montoya
- Grupo Inmunovirologia, Departamento de Microbiologia y Parasitologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Paula A Velilla
- Grupo Inmunovirologia, Departamento de Microbiologia y Parasitologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sulfasalazine as an Immunomodulator of the Inflammatory Process during HIV-1 Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184476. [PMID: 31514274 PMCID: PMC6770882 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: HIV-1 induces an uncontrolled inflammatory response of several immune components, such as inflammasomes. These molecular complexes, associated with Toll-like receptor (TLR) activity, induce the maturation and release of IL-1β and IL-18 and eventually induce pyroptosis. It has been previously demonstrated that HIV induces inflammasome activation, which is significantly lower in the gastrointestinal tissue and blood from people living with HIV-1 with spontaneous control of viral replication. Therefore, immunomodulatory agents could be useful in improving HIV prognosis. Objective: To evaluate the potential inhibitory effect of sulfasalazine (SSZ) on inflammasomes and TLRs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from people living with HIV and healthy donors. Methods: PBMCs were obtained from 15 people living with HIV and 15 healthy donors. Cells were stimulated with agonists of TLRs and inflammasomes and subsequently treated with SSZ. The concentration of IL-1β and the relative expression of NLRP3, NLRC4, NLRP1, AIM2, ASC, Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 were quantified. Results: Cells treated with SSZ exhibited a decreased IL-1β production after inflammasome and TLR stimulation, as well as regulation of inflammasome-related genes, in both people with HIV and healthy individuals. The concentration of IL-1β was positively correlated with the CD4+ T-cell count and negatively with the viral load. Conclusion: Our results suggest that SSZ has an immunomodulatory effect on inflammasome and TLR activation that depends on the clinical HIV status.
Collapse
|