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Zhang J, Wang Y, Zhao Y. The description of Myxobolus meijiangensis n. sp. (Myxozoa: Myxobolidae) and its pathogenicity to the gills of goldfish. Parasitol Int 2023; 97:102795. [PMID: 37574004 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2023.102795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Myxobolus Bütschli, 1882 is the most speciose myxozoan genus, although some species have only been described according to the morphological characteristics of spores. In the present study, a new Myxobolus species infecting the gill lamellae of goldfish from Chongqing, China, was described using a comprehensive analysis of morphological, molecular, and histological data. Mature spores were flat-pear in valvular view with tapering anterior and rounded posterior ends, measuring 11.0 ± 0.4 (10.4-11.6) μm in length and 10.3 ± 0.3 (9.6-11.0) μm in width. Two equal-sized elongate pyriform polar capsules were 5.6 ± 0.6 (4.5-6.4) μm long and 3.5 ± 0.5 (2.4-4.1) μm wide. Polar tubules were coiled with 8 or 9 turns. The small-subunit ribosomal DNA gene sequence length of the present species was 1951 nt, and the highest similarity was 97.99% with M. pyramidis. Comparative analysis of the morphological and molecular data revealed that the present species was distinct from other known myxosporeans. Plasmodia were located at the interlamellar troughs nearing the top of the primary gills. Infection by the present species destroyed the original structure of gill lamellae and caused an inflammatory response, eventually leading to fish dyspnea. The morphological, molecular, and pathological data from the present study can be used for aquaculture since they provide guidance for easy detection and future control of this myxosporidiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinye Zhang
- Animal Biology Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of China, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueru Wang
- Animal Biology Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of China, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjun Zhao
- Animal Biology Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of China, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of China.
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Mathews PD, Rabet N, L Espinoza L, Haÿ V, Bonillo C, Keith P, Lord C, Audebert F. Discovery of a Digenean (Cryptogonimidae) Living in a Cleft-Lipped Goby, Sicyopterus cynocephalus (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from Ranongga Island, Solomon Islands: Analysis of Multiple Ribosomal DNA Regions. Pathogens 2023; 12:923. [PMID: 37513770 PMCID: PMC10384892 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12070923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study results from a continued investigation of the occurrence and diversity of parasites of freshwater fish in the Solomon Islands. Thus, we revealed a new host as well as a new site of infection and a new geographical area for the cryptogonimid parasite, Stemmatostoma cribbi (Digenea: Cryptogonimidae). The cryptogonimid species was identified based on general morphology and on molecular data of metacercariae found in the gills of the cleft-lipped goby, Sicyopterus cynocephalus, from Ranongga Island, Western Province of the Solomon Islands. This is the first report of a Stemmatostoma sp. digenean parasitizing fish of the genus Sicyopterus in the Indo-Pacific region and the first report of S. cribbi infection in a fish from the Solomon Islands. Phylogenetic analysis performed by Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood confirmed the presence of the cryptogonimid in a well-supported subclade of Stemmatostoma spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick D Mathews
- Unité Biologie des Organismes et Écosystèmes Aquatiques-BOREA, Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, IRD, UCN, UA, CP 26, 43 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Rabet
- Unité Biologie des Organismes et Écosystèmes Aquatiques-BOREA, Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, IRD, UCN, UA, CP 26, 43 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Luis L Espinoza
- Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, National University of San Marcos, Lima 2800, Peru
| | - Vincent Haÿ
- Unité Biologie des Organismes et Écosystèmes Aquatiques-BOREA, Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, IRD, UCN, UA, CP 26, 43 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Céline Bonillo
- Unité Biologie des Organismes et Écosystèmes Aquatiques-BOREA, Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, IRD, UCN, UA, CP 26, 43 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Keith
- Unité Biologie des Organismes et Écosystèmes Aquatiques-BOREA, Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, IRD, UCN, UA, CP 26, 43 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Clara Lord
- Unité Biologie des Organismes et Écosystèmes Aquatiques-BOREA, Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, IRD, UCN, UA, CP 26, 43 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Audebert
- Unité Biologie des Organismes et Écosystèmes Aquatiques-BOREA, Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, IRD, UCN, UA, CP 26, 43 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
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Mathews PD, Mertins O, Flores-Gonzales APP, Espinoza LL, Aguiar JC, Milanin T. Host–Parasite Interaction and Phylogenetic of a New Cnidarian Myxosporean (Endocnidozoa: Myxobolidae) Infecting a Valuative Commercialized Ornamental Fish from Pantanal Wetland Biome, Brazil. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11101119. [PMID: 36297176 PMCID: PMC9607115 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11101119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Myxozoans are a diverse group of parasitic cnidarians of wide distribution. A new species, Myxobolus matogrossoensis n. sp., is herein described infecting wild specimens of tetra mato-grosso Hyphessobrycon eques, caught in the Pantanal biome, the world’s largest tropical wetland area. Cysts were found in 3 of the 30 examined fishes. Mature myxospores were ovoid in shape in frontal and measured 6.6 ± 0.4 µm (6.2–7.0 µm) in length and 3.5 ± 0.2 µm (3.3–3.7 µm) in width. The two polar capsules were elongated in shape, equal in size and occupying almost half of the myxospore body. They measured 3.3 ± 0.2 µm (3.1–3.5 µm) in length and 1.8 ± 0.1 µm (1.7–1.9 µm) in width. The polar tubules presented three to four turns. Phylogenetic analysis placed the new species within a clade containing myxobolid species from South American characiforms fish and appears as a close species of Myxobolus piraputangae and Myxobolus umidus. Nevertheless, the sequences of the new species and P. umidus and P. piraputangae have a large genetic divergence of 12 and 12.2% in their 18S rDNA gene, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a Myxobolus species parasitizing the tetra fish mato-grosso, thus increasing our knowledge of cnidarian myxosporean diversity from South America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick D. Mathews
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
- Correspondence: or
| | - Omar Mertins
- Laboratory of Nano Bio Materials, Department of Biophysics, Paulista Medical School, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil
| | | | - Luis L. Espinoza
- Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima 15021, Peru
| | - Julio C. Aguiar
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Tiago Milanin
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Technology, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil
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Mathews PD, Mertins O, Milanin T, Aguiar JC, Gonzales-Flores APP, Tavares LER, Morandini AC. Ultrastructure, surface topography, morphology and histological observations of a new parasitic cnidarian of the marbled swamp eel from the world's largest tropical wetland area, Pantanal, Brazil. Tissue Cell 2022; 79:101909. [PMID: 36095932 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Myxosporeans are a diverse group of microscopic cnidarians of wide distribution that evolved into a parasitic lifestyle. A new myxosporean species, Myxobolus sp., is herein described infecting the mandible of wild specimens of Synbranchus marmoratus, caught in the world's largest tropical wetland area, Pantanal, Brazil. Light, scanning, transmission electron microscopy and histological observations unveiled detailed taxonomic information of the new myxosporean cnidarian. Ultrastructural analysis revealed a detailed description of plasmodia structures which can be used for comparison with plasmodia from other species of myxobolids. Both histological and ultrastructural observations evidenced a connective tissue capsule surrounding the plasmodia of Myxobolus sp. as a histopathological host reaction to the infection of this parasitic cnidarian. Histology showed that tissue tropism of the new myxosporean occurs in a well-defined part of the mandible, with development of plasmodia occurring in the epidermis layer. Mature myxospores from the valvular view featured an ovoid shape and had a short prolongation of the spore valves in the posterior end. Myxospores measured 22.7 ± 1.2 µm (21.5-23.9 µm) in length, 12.5 ± 0.4 µm (12.1-12.9 µm) in width and 11.3 ± 0.5 (10.8-11.8 µm) in thickness. Polar capsules were pyriform equally-sized and measuring 4.6 ± 0.3 µm (3.9-4.3 µm) in length and 2.9 ± 0.1 µm in width (2.8-3.0 µm). Finally, this study substantiates the still hidden myxosporean diversity from South America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick D Mathews
- Zoology Department, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-090 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Omar Mertins
- Laboratory of Nano Bio Materials, Department of Biophysics, Paulista Medical School, Federal University of Sao Paulo, 04023-062 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago Milanin
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Technology, University of São Paulo, 13635-900 Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julio C Aguiar
- Zoology Department, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-090 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anai P P Gonzales-Flores
- Research Institute of Peruvian Amazon (IIAP-AQUAREC), Puerto Maldonado, Madre de Dios 17000, Peru
| | - Luiz E R Tavares
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Bioscience, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070-900, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - André C Morandini
- Zoology Department, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-090 São Paulo, Brazil; Centro de Biologia Marinha (CEBIMar), University of São Paulo, 11612-109, SãoSebastião, Brazil
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