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Majidiani H, Fotovati A. Letter to the editor of Heliyon re: Bioinformatics-based prediction and screening of immunogenic epitopes of Toxoplasma gondii rhoptry proteins 7, 21 and 22 as candidate vaccine target [Heliyon, 9 [7] July 2023, e18176]. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31468. [PMID: 38803971 PMCID: PMC11128519 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Majidiani
- Healthy Aging Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Amir Fotovati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Azimi-Resketi M, Akbari M, Heydaryan S, Eftekhari A, Balali J, Shams M, Sargazi D. In silico analysis of sporozoite surface antigen 1 of Theileria annulata (TaSPAG1) for multi-epitope vaccine design against theileriosis. In Silico Pharmacol 2023; 11:16. [PMID: 37484780 PMCID: PMC10356686 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-023-00153-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Tropical theileriosis is a protozoan infection caused by Theileria annulata, which significantly affects cattle worldwide. This study was aimed to analyze the TaSPAG1 protein and design a novel multi-epitope vaccine candidate. Online tools were employed for the prediction of Physico-chemical properties, antigenicity, allergenicity, solubility, transmembrane domains and signal peptide, posttranslational modification (PTM) sites, secondary and tertiary structures as well as intrinsically disordered regions, followed by identification and screening of potential linear and conformational B-cell epitopes and those peptides having affinity to bind bovine major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules. Next, a multi-epitope vaccine construct was designed and analyzed. This 907-residue protein was hydrophilic (GRAVY: -0.399) and acidic (pI: 5.04) in nature, with high thermotolerance (aliphatic: 71.27). Also, 5 linear and 12 conformational B-cell epitopes along with 8 CTL epitopes were predicted for TaSPAG1. The 355-residue vaccine candidate had a MW of about 35 kDa and it was antigenic, non-allergenic, soluble and stable, which was successfully interacted with cattle MHC-I molecule and finally cloned into the pET28a(+) vector. Further wet studies are required to assess the vaccine efficacy in cattle. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40203-023-00153-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Azimi-Resketi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Akbari
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Saeed Heydaryan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirreza Eftekhari
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Garmsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Iran
| | - Javad Balali
- Doctor of Veterinary Medicine student, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Morteza Shams
- Zoonotic Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Dariush Sargazi
- Doctorate in Veterinary Medicine, Head of Zabol Veterinary Network, Zabol, Baluchistan, Sistan Iran
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Computational Clues of Immunogenic Hotspots in Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocytic Stage Vaccine Candidate Antigens: In Silico Approach. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5886687. [PMID: 36277884 PMCID: PMC9584662 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5886687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Malaria is the most pernicious parasitic infection, and Plasmodium falciparum is the most virulent species with substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. The present in silico investigation was performed to reveal the biophysical characteristics and immunogenic epitopes of the 14 blood-stage proteins of the P. falciparum using comprehensive immunoinformatics approaches. For this aim, various web servers were employed to predict subcellular localization, antigenicity, allergenicity, solubility, physicochemical properties, posttranslational modification sites (PTMs), the presence of signal peptide, and transmembrane domains. Moreover, structural analysis for secondary and 3D model predictions were performed for all and stable proteins, respectively. Finally, human helper T lymphocyte (HTL) epitopes were predicted using HLA reference set of IEDB server and screened in terms of antigenicity, allergenicity, and IFN-γ induction as well as population coverage. Also, a multiserver B-cell epitope prediction was done with subsequent screening for antigenicity, allergenicity, and solubility. Altogether, these proteins showed appropriate antigenicity, abundant PTMs, and many B-cell and HTL epitopes, which could be directed for future vaccination studies in the context of multiepitope vaccine design.
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Dai P, Qi G, Xu H, Zhu M, Li J, Chen Y, Zhang L, Zhang X, Zhang Y. Reprogramming adipose mesenchymal stem cells into islet β-cells for the treatment of canine diabetes mellitus. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:370. [PMID: 35902971 PMCID: PMC9331803 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03020-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Islet transplantation is an excellent method for the treatment of type I diabetes mellitus. However, due to the limited number of donors, cumbersome isolation and purification procedures, and immune rejection, the clinical application is greatly limited. The development of a simple and efficient new method to obtain islet β-cells is a key problem that urgently requires a solution for the treatment of type I diabetes mellitus. METHODS In this study, Pbx1, Rfx3, Pdx1, Ngn3, Pax4 and MafA were used to form a six-gene combination to efficiently reprogram aMSCs (adipose mesenchymal stem cells) into ra-βCs (reprogrammed aMSCs-derived islet β-cells), and the characteristics and immunogenicity of ra-βCs were detected. Feasibility of ra-βCs transplantation for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in model dogs and clinical dogs was detected. RESULTS In this study, aMSCs were efficiently reprogrammed into ra-βCs using a six-gene combination. The ra-βCs showed islet β-cell characteristics. The immunogenicity of ra-βCs was detected and remained low in vitro and increased after transplantation. The cotransplantation of ra-βCs and aMSCs in the treatment of a model and clinical cases of canine diabetes mellitus achieved ideal therapeutic effects. CONCLUSIONS The aMSCs were efficiently reprogrammed into ra-βCs using a six-gene combination. The cotransplantation of ra-βCs and aMSCs as a treatment for canine diabetes is feasible, which provides a theoretical basis and therapeutic method for the treatment of canine diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxiu Dai
- Shaanxi Branch of National Stem Cell Engineering and Technology Centre, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guixiang Qi
- Shaanxi Branch of National Stem Cell Engineering and Technology Centre, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haojie Xu
- Shaanxi Branch of National Stem Cell Engineering and Technology Centre, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingde Zhu
- Shaanxi Branch of National Stem Cell Engineering and Technology Centre, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiakai Li
- Shaanxi Branch of National Stem Cell Engineering and Technology Centre, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yijing Chen
- Shaanxi Branch of National Stem Cell Engineering and Technology Centre, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Luwen Zhang
- Shaanxi Branch of National Stem Cell Engineering and Technology Centre, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinke Zhang
- Shaanxi Branch of National Stem Cell Engineering and Technology Centre, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yihua Zhang
- Shaanxi Branch of National Stem Cell Engineering and Technology Centre, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China. .,Baiopai (Tianjin) Biotechnology Co., LTD, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China.
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Towards the First Multiepitope Vaccine Candidate against Neospora caninum in Mouse Model: Immunoinformatic Standpoint. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:2644667. [PMID: 35722460 PMCID: PMC9204498 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2644667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Neospora caninum is an economically significant parasite among livestock, particularly in dairy cattle herds, causing storm abortions. Vaccination seems necessary to limit the infection and its harsh consequences. This is the first steps towards developing a multiepitope vaccine candidate against N. caninum using in silico approaches. High-ranked mouse MHC-binding and shared linear B-cell epitopes from six proteins (SRS2, MIC3, MIC6, GRA1, IMP-1, and profilin) as well as IFN-γ-inducing epitopes (from SAG1) were predicted, screened, and connected together through appropriate linkers. Finally, RS-09 protein (TLR4 agonist) and histidine tag were added to N- and C-terminal of the vaccine sequence, yielding 486 residues in length. Physicochemical properties showed a stable (instability index: 27.23), highly soluble, antigenic (VaxiJen score: 0.9554), and nonallergenic candidate. Secondary structure of the multiepitope protein included 58.85% random coil, 20.99% extended strand, and 20.16% alpha helix. Also, the tertiary structure was predicted, and further analyses validated a stable interaction between the vaccine model and mouse TLR4 (binding score: -1261.6). Virtual simulation of immune profile demonstrated potently stimulated humoral (IgG+IgM) and cell-mediated (IFN-γ) responses upon multiepitope vaccine injection. Altogether, a potentially immunogenic vaccine candidate was developed using several N. caninum proteins, with the capability to elicit IFN-γ upsurge and other components of cellular immunity, and can be used in prophylactic purposes against neosporosis.
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Neospora caninum SRS2 Protein: Essential Vaccination Targets and Biochemical Features for Next-Generation Vaccine Design. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:7070144. [PMID: 35434127 PMCID: PMC9007667 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7070144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination is a standout preventive measure to combat neosporosis among cattle herds. The present in silico study was done to evaluate the physicochemical properties and potent immunogenic epitopes of N. caninum SRS2 protein as a possible vaccine candidate. Web-based tools were used to predict physicochemical properties, antigenicity, allergenicity, solubility, posttranslational modification (PTM) sites, transmembrane domains and signal peptide, and secondary and tertiary structures as well as intrinsically disordered regions, followed by identification and screening of potential linear and conformational B-cell epitopes and those peptides having affinity to bind mouse major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL). The protein had 401 residues with a molecular weight of 42 kDa, representing aliphatic index of 69.35 (thermotolerant) and GRAVY score of -0.294 (hydrophilic). There were 53 PTM sites without a signal peptide in the sequence. Secondary structure comprised mostly by extended strand, followed by helices and coils. The Ramachandran plot of the refined model showed 90.2%, 8.8%, 0.5%, and 0.5% residues in the favored, additional allowed, generously allowed, and disallowed regions, correspondingly. Additionally, various potential B-cell (linear and conformational), CTL, and MHC-binding epitopes were predicted for N. caninum SRS2. These epitopes could be further utilized in the multiepitope vaccine constructs directed against neosporosis.
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Echinococcus granulosus cyclophilin: Immunoinformatics analysis to provide insights into the biochemical properties and immunogenic epitopes. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2022.100925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Toxoplasma gondii Tyrosine-Rich Oocyst Wall Protein: A Closer Look through an In Silico Prism. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:1315618. [PMID: 34692826 PMCID: PMC8531782 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1315618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is a global threat with significant zoonotic concern. The present in silico study was aimed at determination of bioinformatics features and immunogenic epitopes of a tyrosine-rich oocyst wall protein (TrOWP) of Toxoplasma gondii. After retrieving the amino acid sequence from UniProt database, several parameters were predicted including antigenicity, allergenicity, solubility and physico-chemical features, signal peptide, transmembrane domain, and posttranslational modifications. Following secondary and tertiary structure prediction, the 3D model was refined, and immunogenic epitopes were forecasted. It was a 25.57 kDa hydrophilic molecule with 236 residues, a signal peptide, and significant antigenicity scores. Moreover, several linear and conformational B-cell epitopes were present. Also, potential mouse and human cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and helper T-lymphocyte (HTL) epitopes were predicted in the sequence. The findings of the present in silico study are promising as they render beneficial characteristics of TrOWP to be included in future vaccination experiments.
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Shams M, Nourmohammadi H, Asghari A, Basati G, Majidiani H, Naserifar R, Irannejad H. Construction of a multi-epitope protein for human Toxocara canis detection: Immunoinformatics approach multi-epitope construct for T. canis serodiagnosis. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2021.100732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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