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Zhang SX, Lu ZH, Wang MT, Shen YP, Duan L, Guan SY, Chen MX, Lu Y, Yang M, Wang L, Yang GB, Lv WW, Wang JC, Zheng JX. Assessing the association between the circulating levels of inflammatory cytokines and the risk of tuberculosis: A bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2023; 116:105524. [PMID: 37952650 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2023.105524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous observational studies have previously reported an association between inflammatory cytokines and tuberculosis (TB). However, the causal relationship between these factors remains unclear. Consequently, we conducted two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to ascertain the causal link between levels of inflammatory cytokines and the risk of TB. METHODS Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) robustly associated with the cytokines, located in or close to their coding gene. SNP was obtained from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of 8293 individuals of Finnish. TB data was obtained from the UK Biobank, which included 46,293 individuals of European ancestry (comprising 2277 TB cases and 46,056 controls). Two-sample, bi-directional MR analyses using inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method as the primary analysis. Followed by comprehensive sensitivity analyses to validate the robustness of results. RESULT The study showed that the causal relationship between circulating levels of interleukin (IL)-7 and risk of TB (odds ratio [OR] = 1.001, 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 1.000, 1.003. p = 0.047). No causal associations were observed between other influencing factors and the occurrence of TB. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that TB infection exhibited negative causal associations with macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha ([MIP-1α], OR = 0.007, 95% CI: 0.000, 0.192. p = 0.004), IL-2 (OR = 0.014, 95% CI: 0.010, 0.427. p = 0.014), interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain([IL-2rα], OR = 0.019, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.525. p = 0.019) and basic fibroblast growth factor ([bFGF], OR = 0.066, 95% CI: 0.006, 0.700. p = 0.024). CONCLUSION The study has illuminated the causal link between inflammatory cytokines and TB, thereby enhancing our comprehension of the potential mechanisms underlying TB pathogenesis. This discovery offers promising avenues for the identification of novel therapeutic targets in TB treatment. These insights may ultimately pave the way for more effective treatment approaches, thereby improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Xian Zhang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China; Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research On Tropical Diseases, National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China; School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhen-Hui Lu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mei-Ti Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu-Ping Shen
- The Second affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huangzhou 310012, China
| | - Lei Duan
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research On Tropical Diseases, National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China; School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Shi-Yang Guan
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Mu-Xin Chen
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research On Tropical Diseases, National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China; School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research On Tropical Diseases, National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China; School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guo-Bing Yang
- Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wen-Wen Lv
- Clinical Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ji-Chun Wang
- Department of Science and Technology, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Jin-Xin Zheng
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research On Tropical Diseases, National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China; School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
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Bai H, Song M, Lei S, Jiao L, Hu X, Wu T, Song J, Liu T, Peng W, Zhao Z, Meng Z, Ying B. Genome‐wide association study of tuberculosis in the western Chinese Han and Tibetan population. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e250. [PMID: 37009413 PMCID: PMC10050958 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious global public health threat. Accumulated evidence has demonstrated that human susceptibility to TB has a strong genetic basis. And different susceptibility single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) have been reported in different studies. To gain greater insight into the host susceptibility to TB, we perform a two‐stage genome‐wide association study to identify the susceptible loci of TB. In the discovery stage, 3116 (1532 TB patients and 1584 healthy controls) and 439 (211 TB patients and 228 healthy controls) individuals were genome‐wide genotyped from a western Chinese Han and Tibetan population, respectively. Based on the additive genetic model, we discovered 14 and three independent loci that had potential associations with TB susceptibility in the Chinese Han and Tibetan populations, respectively (p < 1 × 10−5). Furthermore, we conducted an imputation‐based meta‐analysis on another two East Asia cohorts to replicate our findings. We identified one independent locus harbored by the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II genes that was genome‐wide significantly associated with TB (lead SNP rs111875628 with a p‐value of 2.20 × 10−9). Our findings suggest a novel mechanism of the interaction with the HLA class II genes and reinforce the importance of the HLA class II alleles in response to TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Bai
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduP. R. China
| | - Mengyuan Song
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduP. R. China
| | - Shikun Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduP. R. China
| | - Lin Jiao
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduP. R. China
| | - Xuejiao Hu
- Division of Laboratory MedicineGuangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduP. R. China
| | - Jiajia Song
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduP. R. China
| | - Tangyuheng Liu
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduP. R. China
| | - Wu Peng
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduP. R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhao
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduP. R. China
| | - Zirui Meng
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduP. R. China
| | - Binwu Ying
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduP. R. China
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VanValkenburg A, Kaipilyawar V, Sarkar S, Lakshminarayanan S, Cintron C, Prakash Babu S, Knudsen S, Joseph NM, Horsburgh CR, Sinha P, Ellner JJ, Narasimhan PB, Johnson WE, Hochberg NS, Salgame P. Malnutrition leads to increased inflammation and expression of tuberculosis risk signatures in recently exposed household contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1011166. [PMID: 36248906 PMCID: PMC9554585 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1011166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most individuals exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) develop latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and remain at risk for progressing to active tuberculosis disease (TB). Malnutrition is an important risk factor driving progression from LTBI to TB. However, the performance of blood-based TB risk signatures in malnourished individuals with LTBI remains unexplored. The aim of this study was to determine if malnourished and control individuals had differences in gene expression, immune pathways and TB risk signatures. Methods We utilized data from 50 tuberculin skin test positive household contacts of persons with TB - 18 malnourished participants (body mass index [BMI] < 18.5 kg/m2) and 32 controls (individuals with BMI ≥ 18.5 kg/m2). Whole blood RNA-sequencing was conducted to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was applied to the DEGs to identify top canonical pathways and gene regulators. Gene enrichment methods were then employed to score the performance of published gene signatures associated with progression from LTBI to TB. Results Malnourished individuals had increased activation of inflammatory pathways, including pathways involved in neutrophil activation, T-cell activation and proinflammatory IL-1 and IL-6 cytokine signaling. Consistent with known association of inflammatory pathway activation with progression to TB disease, we found significantly increased expression of the RISK4 (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.734) and PREDICT29 (AUC = 0.736) progression signatures in malnourished individuals. Conclusion Malnourished individuals display a peripheral immune response profile reflective of increased inflammation and a concomitant increased expression of risk signatures predicting progression to TB. With validation in prospective clinical cohorts, TB risk biomarkers have the potential to identify malnourished LTBI for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur VanValkenburg
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Vaishnavi Kaipilyawar
- Department of Medicine, Center for Emerging Pathogens, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Sonali Sarkar
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Subitha Lakshminarayanan
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Chelsie Cintron
- Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Senbagavalli Prakash Babu
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Selby Knudsen
- Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Noyal Mariya Joseph
- Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - C. Robert Horsburgh
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Pranay Sinha
- Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jerrold J. Ellner
- Department of Medicine, Center for Emerging Pathogens, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Prakash Babu Narasimhan
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - W. Evan Johnson
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Natasha S. Hochberg
- Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Padmini Salgame
- Department of Medicine, Center for Emerging Pathogens, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
- *Correspondence: Padmini Salgame,
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