Serum nitric oxide levels correlate with quality of life questionnaires scores of hypothyroid females

Relationship between serum nitric oxide of patients with thyroid disorders and metabolic syndrome indices and nitrate concentration of water

This case-control study aimed to assess the effect of drinking water nitrate on serum nitric oxide concentration and the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the population in the Middle East. The study included 50 control and 50 thyroid disorder cases who were referred to two medical centers in 2021. In this study, serum nitric oxide concentration, drinking water nitrate, and metabolic syndrome components were measured in the two groups. The results showed there was a statistically significant difference between serum NO in the case and control groups (p-value < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between the concentration of nitrate in drinking water and serum nitric oxide in the case and control groups; however, this relationship was not significant statistically. A statistically significant difference was found between serum nitric oxide and systolic blood pressure in the cases (p-value < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between MetS and nitric oxide. Therefore, we concluded that the relationship between nitric oxide and nitrate in consuming water should be determined in thyroid patients. In addition to their water consumption, it is better to study the nitrate of foods, especially vegetables.

Advancement of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Regulation of Intestinal Flora: Mechanism-based Role in Disease Management

Intestinal microecology is the largest and most complex human microecology. The intestinal microflora plays an important role in human health. Imbalance of intestinal microflora contributes to the occurrence and development of many diseases. Recently, the treatment of human diseases by regulating intestinal microflora has become a research topic of interest. Traditional Chinese medicine considers the whole human body as the central concept in disease treatment strategies. It advocates maintaining the coordination and balance of the functions of various organs and systems of the human body, including the intestinal microflora. Traditional Chinese medicine improves the metabolism and immune function of the human body by regulating the intestinal microflora. The intestinal microflora could trigger pharmacological activity or reduce toxicity of drugs through regulating metabolism, which enables traditional Chinese medicine formulations to exert their best therapeutic effects. This review summarized the relationship between the intestinal microflora and digestive system, tumors, and other diseases. Furthermore, the role of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of tumors, and other diseases is discussed. The relationship among traditional Chinese medicine and the common intestinal microflora, pathogenesis of human diseases, and effective intervention methods were elaborated. In addition, we explored the research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of various human diseases by regulating intestinal microflora to provide new treatment concepts. There is a close relationship between traditional Chinese medicine and the intestinal microflora. Traditional Chinese medicine formulations contribute to maintain the natural balance of the intestinal tract and the intestinal microflora to achieve treatment effects. This paper summarizes the mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine formulations in regulating the intestinal microflora in the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Furthermore, it summarizes information on the application of the interaction between traditional Chinese medicine preparations and the regulation of intestinal microflora in the treatment of common human diseases. Intestinal microflora plays a key role in traditional Chinese medicine in maintaining the natural balance of physiology and metabolism of human body. It will provide a theoretical basis for the traditional Chinese medicine preparations in the prevention and treatment of common human diseases, and simulate future research on this aspect.

Regulation of nitric oxide production in hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder that predominantly occurs in females. It is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), but the molecular mechanism is not known. Disturbance in lipid metabolism, the regulation of oxidative stress, and inflammation characterize the progression of subclinical hypothyroidism. The initiation and progression of endothelial dysfunction also exhibit these changes, which is the initial step in developing CVD. Animal and human studies highlight the critical role of nitric oxide (NO) as a reliable biomarker for cardiovascular risk in subclinical and clinical hypothyroidism. In this review, we summarize the recent literature findings associated with NO production by the thyroid hormones in both physiological and pathophysiological conditions. We also discuss the levothyroxine treatment effect on serum NO levels in hypothyroid patients.