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Hernández-Secorún M, Abenia-Benedí H, Lucha-López MO, Durán-Serrano M, Hamam-Alcober JS, Krauss J, Booth-Smith C, Hidalgo-García C. Understanding the Mechanosensitivity of the Median Nerve in Pre-Surgical Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Patients: A Correlational Study. Brain Sci 2024; 14:615. [PMID: 38928615 PMCID: PMC11201705 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14060615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Neurodynamic tests are recommended for the diagnosis of entrapment neuropathies such as carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). However, their association with clinical variables in severe patients or patients with associated comorbidities is poorly documented. This study aims to analyze the association between the mechanosensitivity of the median nerve and symptoms, function and psycho-social variables in moderate and severe carpal tunnel syndrome patients with comorbidities; (2) Methods: Correlational study. In total, 42 pre-surgical patients (24 females; 59.1 ± 12.7 years) included in the Spanish Public Healthcare System with an electrodiagnostic of CTS were selected. Sociodemographic variables and clinical features (symptoms, function, sensitivity and quality of life evaluated with the 36-item Short Form Survey (SF-36) and the Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale (MOS-sleep) were recorded. Upper Limb Neurodynamic Test 1 was used to evaluate neural mechanosensitivity; (3) Results: The 81% had a severe CTS and 78.6% had some comorbidity. The average time from the first medical visit to the surgeon's visit was 365.5 days. Median nerve mechanosensitivity correlated weakly with the SF-36 subscale, General Health, (Spearman's rho = 0.367) and MOS sleep scale, Awaken Short of Breath or with headache dimension (Spearman's rho = -0.353) and moderately with SF-36 subscale, Social Functioning (Spearman's rho = 0.553); (4) Conclusions: No associations were observed for median nerve mechanosensitivity, except for quality of life and sleep. Both social determinants and clinical variables should be considered when examining and treating these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Hernández-Secorún
- Unidad de Investigación en Fisioterapia, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (M.H.-S.); (H.A.-B.); (C.H.-G.)
| | - Hugo Abenia-Benedí
- Unidad de Investigación en Fisioterapia, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (M.H.-S.); (H.A.-B.); (C.H.-G.)
| | - María Orosia Lucha-López
- Unidad de Investigación en Fisioterapia, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (M.H.-S.); (H.A.-B.); (C.H.-G.)
| | - María Durán-Serrano
- Unit of Reconstructive Surgery of the Locomotor System, Hand-Microsurgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (M.D.-S.); (J.S.H.-A.)
| | - Javier Sami Hamam-Alcober
- Unit of Reconstructive Surgery of the Locomotor System, Hand-Microsurgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (M.D.-S.); (J.S.H.-A.)
| | - John Krauss
- School of Health Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA; (J.K.); (C.B.-S.)
| | - Christie Booth-Smith
- School of Health Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA; (J.K.); (C.B.-S.)
| | - César Hidalgo-García
- Unidad de Investigación en Fisioterapia, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (M.H.-S.); (H.A.-B.); (C.H.-G.)
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Sosowska N, Guligowska A, Sołtysik B, Borowiak E, Kostka T, Kostka J. Better Handgrip Strength Is Related to the Lower Prevalence of Pain and Anxiety in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12113846. [PMID: 37298040 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12113846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Although handgrip strength (HGS) may be treated as a biomarker of many health problems, there is little evidence on the potential role of HGS in the prevention of pain or anxiety in older adults. We investigated the relationship of HGS to the presence of pain and anxiety among community-dwelling older adults. The study was performed in 2038 outpatients, aged 60 to 106 years. The Jamar hand-held hydraulic dynamometer was used to measure HGS. The prevalence of pain and anxiety was assessed with the Euroqol 5D questionnaire. Symptoms of depression were recorded with 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). In the multivariate logistic regression model taking into account age, sex, BMI and concomitant diseases, the significant influence of HGS on the presence of pain (odds ratio [OR] = 0.988) in the entire study population and among men (OR = 0.983) was found. HGS was a significant independent predictor for the presence of anxiety in the entire study population (OR = 0.987), in women (OR = 0.985) and in men (OR = 0.988). In the fully adjusted model with included GDS, 1 kg higher HGS was still associated with 1.2% and 1.3% lower probability of the presence of pain and anxiety, respectively. We conclude that low HGS is associated with the presence of pain and anxiety among older adults, independent of age, sex, depression symptoms and concomitant chronic diseases. Future research should assess whether improvement of HGS would alleviate psychological dysfunction in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sosowska
- Department of Geriatrics, Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Guligowska
- Department of Geriatrics, Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Sołtysik
- Department of Geriatrics, Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewa Borowiak
- Department of Conservative Nursing, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kostka
- Department of Geriatrics, Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Kostka
- Department of Gerontology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
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Núñez-Cortés R, Cruz-Montecinos C, Torreblanca-Vargas S, Andersen LL, Tapia C, Ortega-Palavecinos M, López-Bueno R, Calatayud J, Pérez-Alenda S. Social determinants of health and physical activity are related to pain intensity and mental health in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2023; 63:102723. [PMID: 36740566 DOI: 10.1016/j.msksp.2023.102723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common peripheral neuropathy of the upper limb and a frequent cause of disability. OBJECTIVE To analyze the association between social determinants of health (SDH) and physical activity with pain intensity and mental health in patients with CTS. DESIGN A cross-sectional study was conducted in patients with CTS awaiting surgery in two public hospitals in Chile. METHODS The SDH collected included: employment status, educational level and monetary income. The level of physical activity was defined according to compliance with WHO recommendations. Outcome measures included: Pain intensity (Visual Analog Scale), Symptoms of anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), and catastrophic thinking (Pain Catastrophizing Scale). The adjusted regression coefficient (β) for the association between SDH and physical activity with each outcome was obtained using multivariable linear regression models controlling for age, sex, body mass index and symptom duration. RESULTS Eighty-six participants were included (mean age 50.9 ± 10 years, 94% women). A high level of physical activity was associated with a 12.41 mm decrease in pain intensity (β = -12.41, 95%CI: -23.87 to -0.95) and a 3.29 point decrease in depressive symptoms (β = -3.29, 95%CI: -5.52 to -1.06). In addition, being employed was associated with a 2.30 point decrease in anxiety symptoms (β = -2.30; 95%CI: -4.41 to -0.19) and a high educational level was associated with a 7.71 point decrease in catastrophizing (β = -7.71; 95%CI: -14.06 to -1.36). CONCLUSION Multidisciplinary care teams should be aware of the association between SDH and physical activity with physical and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Núñez-Cortés
- Physiotherapy in Motion Multispeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Section of Clinical Research, Hospital Clínico La Florida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Cruz-Montecinos
- Physiotherapy in Motion Multispeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Section of Research, Innovation and Development in Kinesiology, Kinesiology Unit, San José Hospital, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | - Claudio Tapia
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Rubén López-Bueno
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark; Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Spain; Department of Physical Medicine and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Joaquín Calatayud
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark; Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Spain.
| | - Sofía Pérez-Alenda
- Physiotherapy in Motion Multispeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Liu Y, Zhuang Y, Wei R, Tan Z, Chen C, Yang D. Comparison of characteristics between neuropathic pain and non-neuropathic pain in patients with diabetic carpal tunnel syndrome: A cross-sectional study. Front Surg 2022; 9:961616. [PMID: 35983551 PMCID: PMC9379137 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.961616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe aim of the study was to compare the clinical characteristics of diabetic carpal tunnel syndrome between patients with neuropathic pain (NeuP) and non-NeuP.MethodsWe enrolled 276 patients with diabetic carpal tunnel syndrome. Pain symptoms were evaluated using a visual analog scale. Douleur Neuropathique 4, the Neuropathic Pain Symptoms Inventory questionnaire, and the body map were used to assess neuropathic symptoms. Baseline information, clinical manifestations, electrophysiological test results, and psychological status were compared between the neuropathic pain (NeuP) and non-NeuP to identify the risk factor for NeuP occurrence.ResultsResults showed that the degree of pain was more severe in NeuP patients than in nociceptive pain patients (p = 0.025). The frequencies of light touch and pinprick were more pronounced in the NeuP group than in the non-NeuP group (light touch: p = 0.001; pinprick: p = 0.004). There were 48 and 27 NeuP patients with extramedian and proximal spread, respectively, whereas in the non-NeuP group, there were 11 and 9 patients, respectively (p = 0.03). Electrophysiological results showed that patients in the NeuP group exhibited greater sensory nerve conduction velocity impairment compared with the non-NeuP group (p = 0.033). Pain Catastrophizing Scale total scores of the NeuP group were significantly higher than those of the non-NeuP group (p = 0.006).ConclusionOf the 276 diabetic carpal tunnel syndrome patients studied, the majority had NeuP. Furthermore, light touch, electrophysiological test results, and psychological factors were found to be related to NeuP occurrence in patients with diabetic carpal tunnel syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Hand and Microvascular Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongqing Zhuang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Hand and Microvascular Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruihong Wei
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Hand and Microvascular Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhouyong Tan
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Hand and Microvascular Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chao Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Hand and Microvascular Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Dazhi Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Correspondence: Dazhi Yang
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Socioeconomic Status Affects Pre- and Postoperative Two-point Discrimination in Patients with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2022; 10:e4389. [PMID: 35822175 PMCID: PMC9270596 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000004389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Carpal tunnel release is a life-changing procedure within hand surgery. Multiple factors may have an impact on the outcome following surgery.
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Di Stefano V, Thomas E, Giustino V, Iacono S, Torrente A, Pillitteri G, Gagliardo A, Lupica A, Palma A, Battaglia G, Brighina F. Motor Conduction Studies and Handgrip in Hereditary TTR Amyloidosis: Simple Tools to Evaluate the Upper Limbs. Front Neurol 2022; 13:835812. [PMID: 35295833 PMCID: PMC8918493 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.835812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with polyneuropathy (ATTRv) is caused by mutations in the TTR gene, leading to misfolded monomers that aggregate generating amyloid fibrils. The clinical phenotype is heterogeneous, and characterized by a multisystemic disease affecting the sensorimotor and autonomic functions along with other organs. Materials and Methods All the patients were assessed by complete neurological assessment, neurophysiological evaluation, of the median nerve, and handgrip analysis. The data are presented as means and standard deviations. Parametric and non-parametric assessments have been performed to identify differences between groups. Pearson's correlation has been carried out when appropriate. Results Twenty patients with ATTRv (66.1 ± 8.4 years; eight females) and 30 controls (61.1 ± 11.6 years; 16 females) were enrolled. Handgrip strength was reduced in patients with ATTR in both right and left hands compared to the controls. Significant differences were found between patients and controls in the right (handgrip right, HGSR TTR 21.1 ± 13 kg vs. HGSR Control 29.4 ± 11.3 kg, p = 0.017) and left (handgrip left, HGSL TTR 22.2 ± 10.7 kg. vs. HGSL Control 31 ± 11.3 kg, p = 0.007). NIS and CMAP amplitude of the median nerve were related to HGS measures for both hands in patients with ATTRv. Conclusions The progression of bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome is related to neurophysiological data in the median nerve in ATTRv. Also, handgrip measures might represent an important tool for the assessment of disease progression in ATTRv. We propose using a combination of CMAP amplitude and HGS for the assessment of hand motor strength in ATTRv.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Di Stefano
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic (BIND), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- *Correspondence: Vincenzo Di Stefano
| | - Ewan Thomas
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valerio Giustino
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Iacono
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic (BIND), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Angelo Torrente
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic (BIND), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Pillitteri
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Gagliardo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic (BIND), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Lupica
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic (BIND), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Palma
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Battaglia
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Filippo Brighina
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic (BIND), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Núñez-Cortés R, Cruz-Montecinos C, Torres-Castro R, Tapia C, Püschel TA, Pérez-Alenda S. Effects of Cognitive and Mental Health Factors on the Outcomes Following Carpal Tunnel Release: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2021; 103:1615-1627. [PMID: 34861234 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2021.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of the cognitive and mental health factors on the outcomes after carpal tunnel release (CTR). DATA SOURCES Embase, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases from inception to August 14, 2021. STUDY SELECTION Randomized controlled trials and observational studies of patients with CTR were included. The included studies aimed to determine the effect of the cognitive (catastrophic thinking, kinesiophobia, self-efficacy) or mental health factors (symptoms of anxiety and depression) on the outcomes at least 3 months post CTR. DATA EXTRACTION Two independent reviewers performed data extraction and assessed the risk of bias. Data were extracted using a standardized protocol and reporting forms. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed using the Quality in Prognosis Studies risk-of-bias tool. Random-effects models were used for meta-analysis. DATA SYNTHESIS A total of 15 studies involving 2599 patients were included in this systematic review. The majority of studies indicate a significant association between the cognitive or mental health factors and outcomes after CTR. Quantitative analysis showed a moderate association of symptoms of depression on symptom severity (n=531; r=0.347; 95% CI, 0.205-0.475; P≤.0001), function (n=386; r=0.307; 95% CI, 0.132-0.464; P=.0008), and pain (n=344; r=0.431; 95% CI, 0.286-0.558; P≤.0001). In general, the risk of bias in the included studies was low. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review and meta-analysis showed that symptoms of depression have a moderate association with symptom severity, function, and pain after CTR. Symptoms of anxiety, catastrophic thinking, and self-efficacy are also important indicators of poor postsurgery outcomes. Physicians, physical therapists, and occupational therapists should consider evaluating these variables in patients undergoing CTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Núñez-Cortés
- Department of Physiotherapy, Physiotherapy in Motion Multispeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; International Physiotherapy Research Network (PhysioEvidence), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Cruz-Montecinos
- Department of Physiotherapy, Physiotherapy in Motion Multispeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Division of Research, Devolvement and Innovation in Kinesiology, Kinesiology Unit, San José Hospital, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Torres-Castro
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; International Physiotherapy Research Network (PhysioEvidence), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudio Tapia
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Thomas A Püschel
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Division, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom; Primate Models for Behavioural Evolution Lab, Institute of Cognitive and Evolutionary Anthropology, School of Anthropology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sofía Pérez-Alenda
- Department of Physiotherapy, Physiotherapy in Motion Multispeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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Aily JB, de Almeida AC, Ramírez PC, da Silva Alexandre T, Mattiello SM. Lower education is an associated factor with the combination of pain catastrophizing and kinesiophobia in patients with knee osteoarthritis? Clin Rheumatol 2020; 40:2361-2367. [PMID: 33230685 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-020-05518-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze if socioeconomic characteristics as lower education and lower family income are associated factors with the combination of pain catastrophizing and kinesiophobia in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). METHODS This cross-sectional study included 140 participants aged 40 years or older with KOA grades II and III. Based on the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK), four groups were identified: non-catastrophic/non-kinesiophobic (NC/NK), non-catastrophic/non-kinesiophobic (NC/K), catastrophic/non-kinesiophobic (C/NK), and catastrophic/kinesiophobic (C/K). Pain intensity was measured using the visual analog scale (VAS). The 30-s chair stand test was performed to access physical function. Sociodemographic characteristics included age, sex, years of formal education (0 to 11 and > 11), and family income (up to 2 minimum wages and > 2). Multinomial regression analysis adjusted for age, radiographic severity, physical function, and pain intensity was used to determine the association between lower education and lower family income with the combination of pain catastrophizing and kinesiophobia. RESULTS Only lower education was independently associated with the combination of pain catastrophizing and kinesiophobia (OR = 3.96 CI 95% 1.01-15.51). CONCLUSIONS Lower education but not lower family income was an important associated factor with the combination of pain catastrophizing and kinesiophobia in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. Thus, physician and physical therapist must pay attention on this important socioeconomic characteristic while conducting the treatment, since specific strategies of approach could be necessary for those patients. Key points • Lower education is an important associated factor with the combination of pain catastrophizing and kinesiophobia in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. • Physician and physical therapist must pay attention on patients schooling while conducting the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Bianca Aily
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Washington Luís Rd, 235 km - SP-310, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Aline Castilho de Almeida
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Washington Luís Rd, 235 km - SP-310, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Paula C Ramírez
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Washington Luís Rd, 235 km - SP-310, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
- School of Physical Therapy, Universidad Industrial de Santander (UIS), Carrera 32 #, 29-31, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Tiago da Silva Alexandre
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Washington Luís Rd, 235 km - SP-310, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
- Gerontology Graduate Program, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Washington Luís Rd, 235 km - SP-310, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Stela Marcia Mattiello
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Washington Luís Rd, 235 km - SP-310, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.
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