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Schilling S, Glade H. Review and Analysis of Heat Transfer in Spacer-Filled Channels of Membrane Distillation Systems. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:842. [PMID: 37888014 PMCID: PMC10608446 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13100842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Membrane distillation (MD) is an attractive process for the concentration of seawater brines. Modelling and simulation of membrane distillation processes requires a better knowledge of the heat transfer coefficients in spacer-filled channels which are usually determined by applying empirical correlations for the Nusselt number. In this study, first, a comprehensive literature review on heat transfer correlations was conducted. It was found that the empirical correlations often used for MD simulation result in strongly varying Nusselt numbers that differ by up to an order of magnitude at low Reynolds numbers. Then, heat transfer in spacer-filled channels was investigated experimentally in a membrane distillation system using an aluminum plate instead of a flat-sheet membrane. Numerous tests were carried out with sodium chloride solutions in a wide range of salinities, between 1 g/kg and 95 g/kg, and temperatures, between 30 °C and 80 °C, yielding high heat transfer coefficients in a range of 1500 to 8300 W/(m2K) at relatively low Reynolds numbers, between 100 and 1500, clearly showing the influence of the spacers on heat transfer. A new empirical Nusselt correlation (Nu=0.158Re0.652Pr0.277) was derived which represents the experimental data with a deviation of 10% and is valid for 100
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heike Glade
- Engineering Thermodynamics, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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2
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Hydrodynamic effects of non-uniform feed spacer structures on energy loss and mass transfer in spiral wound module. J Memb Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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3
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Cancilla N, Tamburini A, Tarantino A, Visconti S, Ciofalo M. Friction and Heat Transfer in Membrane Distillation Channels: An Experimental Study on Conventional and Novel Spacers. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12111029. [PMID: 36363584 PMCID: PMC9692457 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12111029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The results of an experimental investigation on pressure drop and heat transfer in spacer-filled plane channels, which are representative of Membrane Distillation units, are presented and discussed. Local and mean heat transfer coefficients were obtained by using Thermochromic Liquid Crystals and Digital Image Processing. The performances of a novel spacer geometry, consisting of spheres that are connected by cylindrical rods, and are hereafter named spheres spacers, were compared with those of more conventional woven and overlapped spacers at equal values of the Reynolds number Re (in the range ~150 to ~2500), the pitch-to-channel height ratio, the flow attack angle and the thermal boundary conditions (two-side heat transfer). For any flow rate, the novel spacer geometry provided the least friction coefficient and a mean Nusselt number intermediate between those of the overlapped and the woven spacers. For any pressure drop and for any pumping power, the novel spacer provided the highest mean Nusselt number over the whole Reynolds number range that was investigated. The influence of buoyancy was also assessed for the case of the horizontal channels. Under the experimental conditions (channel height H ≈ 1 cm, ΔT ≈ 10 °C), it was found to be large in empty (spacer-less) channels that were up to Re ≈ 1200 (corresponding to a Richardson number Ri of ~0.1), but it was much smaller and limited to the range Re < ~500 (Ri < ~0.5) in the spacer-filled channels.
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Sutariya B, Sargaonkar A, Markam BK, Raval H. 3D CFD study and optimisation of static mixer type feed spacer for reverse osmosis. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2022.100335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Jang J, Kim M, Shin J, Yang D, Kim M, Kim B. Experimental Study on Ion Transport in Microfluidic Electrodialysis Using Partially Masked Ion Exchange Membranes. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13030356. [PMID: 35334648 PMCID: PMC8953184 DOI: 10.3390/mi13030356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Electrodialysis using anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) and cation-exchange membranes (CEMs) has been widely used for water desalination and the management of various ionic species. During commercial electrodialysis, the available area of an ion-exchange membrane is reduced by a non-conductive spacer that is in contact with the AEM/CEM. Although multiple reports have described the advantages or disadvantages of spacers, fewer studies have explored the effects of spacers on the mass transport effect of the reduced membrane area excluding the fluid flow change. In this paper, we present our experimental studies concerning mass transport in microfluidic electrodialysis systems with partially masked ion-exchange membranes. Six different types of masking membranes were prepared by the deposition of non-conductive films on parts of the membranes. The experimental results showed that the overlapped types (in which masking was vertically aligned in the AEM/CEM) exhibited a larger electrical conductance and better current/energy efficiency, compared with the non-overlapped types (in which masking was vertically dislocated in the AEM/CEM). We also observed that a reduction in the unit length of the unmasked ion-exchange membrane enhanced overall mass transport. Our results demonstrate the effects of patterned membranes on electrical resistance and desalination performance; they also identify appropriate arrangements for electromembrane systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsu Jang
- Department of Future Convergence Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan 31080, Korea; (J.J.); (M.K.); (J.S.); (D.Y.)
| | - Minsung Kim
- Department of Future Convergence Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan 31080, Korea; (J.J.); (M.K.); (J.S.); (D.Y.)
| | - Joonghan Shin
- Department of Future Convergence Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan 31080, Korea; (J.J.); (M.K.); (J.S.); (D.Y.)
- Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan 31080, Korea
| | - Daejong Yang
- Department of Future Convergence Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan 31080, Korea; (J.J.); (M.K.); (J.S.); (D.Y.)
- Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan 31080, Korea
| | - Minseok Kim
- Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Korea
- Department of Aeronautics, Mechanical and Electronic Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (B.K.)
| | - Bumjoo Kim
- Department of Future Convergence Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan 31080, Korea; (J.J.); (M.K.); (J.S.); (D.Y.)
- Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan 31080, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (B.K.)
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Lin W, Zhang Y, Li D, Wang XM, Huang X. Roles and performance enhancement of feed spacer in spiral wound membrane modules for water treatment: A 20-year review on research evolvement. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 198:117146. [PMID: 33945947 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Membrane technologies have been widely applied in water treatment, wastewater reclamation and seawater desalination. Feed spacer present in spiral wound membrane (SWM) modules plays a pivotal role in creating flow channels, promoting fluid mixing and enhancing mass transfer. However, it induces the increase of feed channel pressure (FCP) drop and localized stagnant zones that provokes membrane fouling. For the first time, we comprehensively review the research evolvement on feed spacer in SWM modules for water treatment over the last 20 years, to reveal the impacts of feed spacer on the hydrodynamics and biofouling in the spacer-filled channel, and to discuss the potential approaches and current limitations for the modification of feed spacer. The research process can be divided into three phases, with research focus shifting from hydrodynamics in Phase Ⅰ (the year of 2001-2008), to biofouling in Phase Ⅱ (the year of 2009-2015), and then to novel spacer designs in Phase Ⅲ (the year of 2016-2020). The spacer configuration has a momentous impact on the hydraulic performance regarding flow velocity field, shear stress, mass transfer and FCP drop. Biofouling initially occurs on feed spacer, especially around spacer filaments and the contact zones with membrane surface, and ultimately degrades the overall membrane performance indicating the importance of controlling spacer biofouling. The modification of feed spacer is mainly achieved by altering surface chemistry or introducing novel configurations. However, the stability of spacer coating and the economy and practicality of 3D-printed spacer remain a predicament to be tackled. Future studies are suggested to focus on the standardization of testing conditions for spacer evaluation, the effect of hydrodynamics on membrane fouling control, the design and fabrication of novel feed spacer adaptable for SWM modules, the application of feed spacer for drinking water production, organic fouling control in spacer-filled channel and the role of permeate spacer on membrane performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichen Lin
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Danyang Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiao-Mao Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Research and Application Center for Membrane Technology, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Xia Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Research and Application Center for Membrane Technology, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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7
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Lou J, Johnston J, Cath TY, Martinand D, Tilton N. Computational fluid dynamics simulations of unsteady mixing in spacer-filled direct contact membrane distillation channels. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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8
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Toh K, Liang Y, Lau W, Fimbres Weihs G. 3D CFD study on hydrodynamics and mass transfer phenomena for SWM feed spacer with different floating characteristics. Chem Eng Res Des 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2020.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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9
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Dong F, Jin D, Xu S, Xu L, Wu X, Wang P, Leng Q, Xi R. Numerical simulation of flow and mass transfer in profiled membrane channels for reverse electrodialysis. Chem Eng Res Des 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2020.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Bhattacharjee C, Saxena VK, Dutta S. Static turbulence promoters in cross-flow membrane filtration: a review. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2019.1587610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiranjit Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India
| | - V. K. Saxena
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India
| | - Suman Dutta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India
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11
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Kavianipour O, Ingram GD, Vuthaluru HB. Studies into the mass transfer and energy consumption of commercial feed spacers for RO membrane modules using CFD: Effectiveness of performance measures. Chem Eng Res Des 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2018.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Impact of Modified Spacer on Flow Pattern in Narrow Spacer-Filled Channels for Spiral-Wound Membrane Modules. ENVIRONMENTS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/environments5110116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A modified spacer, which was constructed with arched filaments and zigzag filaments, was designed to improve vortex shedding and generate a directional change in flow patterns of membrane modules, especially in the vicinity of the feed spacer filament, which is most affected by fouling. A unit cell was investigated by using a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model for hydrodynamic simulation. The results of CFD simulations were carried out for the fluid flow in order to understand the effect of the modified spacer on vortices to the performance of arched filaments at different distances. From 2D velocity vectors and shear stress contour mixing, the flow pattern and dead zone flushing were depicted. The ratio of low shear stress area to the total area increased with the inlet velocity closed to 20%. The energy consumption with respect to flow direction for the arched filament was 80% lower than that in the zigzag filament. Compared with previous commercial spacers’ simulation, the friction factor was lower when the main flow was normal to the arched filament and the modified friction factor was close to the commercial spacers. The homogenization was realized through the flow pattern created by the modified spacer.
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13
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Mass transfer in 1812 spiral wound modules: Experimental study in dextrose-water nanofiltration. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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16
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Neta LSDF, Borges CP, Habert AC. Evaluation of mass transfer in a novel hollow fiber module design using an electrochemical technique. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-6632.20170343s20150452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Will ultra-high permeance membranes lead to ultra-efficient processes? Challenges for molecular separations in liquid systems. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Kavianipour O, Ingram GD, Vuthaluru HB. Investigation into the effectiveness of feed spacer configurations for reverse osmosis membrane modules using Computational Fluid Dynamics. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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19
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Lou Y, Gogar R, Hao P, Lipscomb G, Amo K, Kniep J. Simulation of net spacers in membrane modules for carbon dioxide capture. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2016.1220396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ravikumar Gogar
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Pingjiao Hao
- Membrane Technology and Research, Inc., Newark, California, USA
| | - Glenn Lipscomb
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Karl Amo
- Membrane Technology and Research, Inc., Newark, California, USA
| | - Jay Kniep
- Membrane Technology and Research, Inc., Newark, California, USA
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Gurreri L, Tamburini A, Cipollina A, Micale G, Ciofalo M. Flow and mass transfer in spacer-filled channels for reverse electrodialysis: a CFD parametrical study. J Memb Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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21
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Shi B, Marchetti P, Peshev D, Zhang S, Livingston AG. Performance of spiral-wound membrane modules in organic solvent nanofiltration – Fluid dynamics and mass transfer characteristics. J Memb Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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22
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Min J, Zhang B. Convective mass transfer enhancement in a membrane channel by delta winglets and their comparison with rectangular winglets. Chin J Chem Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Rodrigues C, Rodrigues M, Semiao V, Geraldes V. Enhancement of mass transfer in spacer-filled channels under laminar regime by pulsatile flow. Chem Eng Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2014.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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24
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Saeed A, Vuthaluru R, Vuthaluru HB. Investigations into the effects of mass transport and flow dynamics of spacer filled membrane modules using CFD. Chem Eng Res Des 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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25
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Saeed A, Vuthaluru R, Vuthaluru HB. Impact of Feed Spacer Filament Spacing on Mass Transport and Fouling Propensities of RO Membrane Surfaces. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2013.860525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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26
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Pawlowski S, Sistat P, Crespo JG, Velizarov S. Mass transfer in reverse electrodialysis: Flow entrance effects and diffusion boundary layer thickness. J Memb Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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27
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Numerical Studies of Convective Mass Transfer Enhancement in a Membrane Channel by Rectangular Winglets. Chin J Chem Eng 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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28
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Wu XK, Sha HF, Zhang F, Wu FW, Zhang ZB, Wang ZX. Influence of Geometry Structures on the Transfer and Flow Characteristics of Membrane Modules. Chem Eng Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201300329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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29
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Chaumeil F, Crapper M. DEM simulations of initial deposition of colloidal particles around non-woven membrane spacers. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2013.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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30
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Rodrigues C, Geraldes V, de Pinho MN, Semião V. Mass-transfer entrance effects in narrow rectangular channels with ribbed walls or mesh-type spacers. Chem Eng Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2012.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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31
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Koutsou CP, Karabelas AJ. Shear stresses and mass transfer at the base of a stirred filtration cell and corresponding conditions in narrow channels with spacers. J Memb Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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32
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Bayer C, Follmann M, Breisig H, Wienk IM, Cuperus FP, Wessling M, Melin T. On the Design of a 4-End Spiral-Wound L/L Extraction Membrane Module. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie202594h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Bayer
- Chemical Process Engineering − AVT.CVT, RWTH Aachen University, Turmstraße 46, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Follmann
- Chemical Process Engineering − AVT.CVT, RWTH Aachen University, Turmstraße 46, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Hans Breisig
- Chemical Process Engineering − AVT.CVT, RWTH Aachen University, Turmstraße 46, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ingrid M. Wienk
- SolSep BV, St Eustatius
65, 7333NW Apeldoorn, The Netherlands
| | | | - Matthias Wessling
- Chemical Process Engineering − AVT.CVT, RWTH Aachen University, Turmstraße 46, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Melin
- Chemical Process Engineering − AVT.CVT, RWTH Aachen University, Turmstraße 46, 52056 Aachen, Germany
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Lau KK, Abu Bakar MZ, Ahmad AL, Murugesan T. Effect of Feed Spacer Mesh Length Ratio on Unsteady Hydrodynamics in 2D Spiral Wound Membrane (SWM) Channel. Ind Eng Chem Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ie9017989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. K. Lau
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia, School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - M. Z. Abu Bakar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia, School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - A. L. Ahmad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia, School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - T. Murugesan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia, School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
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34
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Prediction of mass transport profiles in a laboratory filter-press electrolyser by computational fluid dynamics modelling. Electrochim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.08.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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35
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Lau K, Abu Bakar M, Ahmad A, Murugesan T. Feed spacer mesh angle: 3D modeling, simulation and optimization based on unsteady hydrodynamic in spiral wound membrane channel. J Memb Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2009.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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36
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Li YL, Tung KL, Lu MY, Huang SH. Mitigating the curvature effect of the spacer-filled channel in a spiral-wound membrane module. J Memb Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2008.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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37
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Shakaib M, Hasani S, Mahmood M. CFD modeling for flow and mass transfer in spacer-obstructed membrane feed channels. J Memb Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2008.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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38
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Koutsou C, Yiantsios S, Karabelas A. A numerical and experimental study of mass transfer in spacer-filled channels: Effects of spacer geometrical characteristics and Schmidt number. J Memb Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2008.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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39
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40
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LI Y, TUNG K. The effect of curvature of a spacer-filled channel on fluid flow in spiral-wound membrane modules. J Memb Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2008.03.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Pal S, Ambastha S, Ghosh TB, De S, DasGupta S. Optical evaluation of deposition thickness and measurement of permeate flux enhancement of simulated fruit juice in presence of turbulence promoters. J Memb Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2008.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Santos J, Geraldes V, Velizarov S, Crespo J. Investigation of flow patterns and mass transfer in membrane module channels filled with flow-aligned spacers using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). J Memb Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2007.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Koutsou C, Yiantsios S, Karabelas A. Direct numerical simulation of flow in spacer-filled channels: Effect of spacer geometrical characteristics. J Memb Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2006.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ahmad AL, Lau KK. Modeling, Simulation, and Experimental Validation for Aqueous Solutions Flowing in Nanofiltration Membrane Channel. Ind Eng Chem Res 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ie061065z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. L. Ahmad
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Seri Ampangan, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - K. K. Lau
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Seri Ampangan, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
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Ahmad A, Lau K. Impact of different spacer filaments geometries on 2D unsteady hydrodynamics and concentration polarization in spiral wound membrane channel. J Memb Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2006.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Ahmad A, Lau K, Abu Bakar M. Impact of different spacer filament geometries on concentration polarization control in narrow membrane channel. J Memb Sci 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2005.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ahmad A, Lau K, Bakar MA, Shukor SA. Integrated CFD simulation of concentration polarization in narrow membrane channel. Comput Chem Eng 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2005.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Li F, Meindersma W, de Haan A, Reith T. Novel spacers for mass transfer enhancement in membrane separations. J Memb Sci 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2004.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Dendukuri D, Karode SK, Kumar A. Flow visualization through spacer filled channels by computational fluid dynamics-II: improved feed spacer designs. J Memb Sci 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2004.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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