1
|
Sreenath S, Sreelatha NP, Pawar CM, Dave V, Bhatt B, Borle NG, Nagarale RK. Proton Conducting Organic-Inorganic Composite Membranes for All-Vanadium Redox Flow Battery. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:574. [PMID: 37367778 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13060574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The quest for a cost-effective, chemically-inert, robust and proton conducting membrane for flow batteries is at its paramount. Perfluorinated membranes suffer severe electrolyte diffusion, whereas conductivity and dimensional stability in engineered thermoplastics depend on the degree of functionalization. Herein, we report surface-modified thermally crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol-silica (PVA-SiO2) membranes for the vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). Hygroscopic, proton-storing metal oxides such as SiO2, ZrO2 and SnO2 were coated on the membranes via the acid-catalyzed sol-gel strategy. The membranes of PVA-SiO2-Si, PVA-SiO2-Zr and PVA-SiO2-Sn demonstrated excellent oxidative stability in 2 M H2SO4 containing 1.5 M VO2+ ions. The metal oxide layer had good influence on conductivity and zeta potential values. The observed trend for conductivity and zeta potential values was PVA-SiO2-Sn > PVA-SiO2-Si > PVA-SiO2-Zr. In VRFB, the membranes showcased higher Coulombic efficiency than Nafion-117 and stable energy efficiencies over 200 cycles at the 100 mA cm-2 current density. The order of average capacity decay per cycle was PVA-SiO2-Zr < PVA-SiO2-Sn < PVA-SiO2-Si < Nafion-117. PVA-SiO2-Sn had the highest power density of 260 mW cm-2, while the self-discharge for PVA-SiO2-Zr was ~3 times higher than Nafion-117. VRFB performance reflects the potential of the facile surface modification technique to design advanced membranes for energy device applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sooraj Sreenath
- Electro Membrane Processes Laboratory, Membrane Science and Separation Technology Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Nayanthara P Sreelatha
- Electro Membrane Processes Laboratory, Membrane Science and Separation Technology Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar 364002, India
| | - Chetan M Pawar
- Electro Membrane Processes Laboratory, Membrane Science and Separation Technology Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Vidhiben Dave
- Electro Membrane Processes Laboratory, Membrane Science and Separation Technology Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Bhavana Bhatt
- Electro Membrane Processes Laboratory, Membrane Science and Separation Technology Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar 364002, India
| | - Nitin G Borle
- Electro Membrane Processes Laboratory, Membrane Science and Separation Technology Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar 364002, India
| | - Rajaram Krishna Nagarale
- Electro Membrane Processes Laboratory, Membrane Science and Separation Technology Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pawar CM, Sreenath S, Dave V, Bavdane PP, Singh V, Verma V, Nagarale RK. Chemically stable and high acid recovery anion exchange membrane. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
3
|
Investigation of ion-exchange membranes by means of chronopotentiometry: A comprehensive review on this highly informative and multipurpose technique. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 293:102439. [PMID: 34058435 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Electrodialysis is mostly used for drinking water production but it has gained applicability in different new fields in recent decades. Membrane characteristics and ion transport properties strongly influence the efficiency of electrodialysis and must be evaluated to avoid an intense energy consumption and ensure long membrane times of usage. To this aim, conducting studies on ion transport across membranes is essential. Several dynamic characterization methods can be employed, among which, chronopotentiometry has shown special relevance because it allows a direct access to the contribution of the potential in different states of the membrane/solution system. The present paper provides a critical review on the use of chronopotentiometry to determine the main membrane transport properties and to evaluate mass transfer phenomena. Properties, such as limiting current density, electrical resistances, plateau length, transport number of counter-ions in the membrane, transition times, and apparent fraction of membrane conductive area have been intensively discussed in the literature and are presented in this review. Some of the phenomena evaluated using this technique are concentration polarization, gravitational convection, electroconvection, water dissociation, and fouling/scaling, all of them also shown herein. Mathematical and experimental studies were considered. New trends in chronopotentiometric studies should include ion-exchange membranes that have been recently developed (presenting anti-fouling, anti-microbial, and monovalent-selective properties) and a deeper discussion on the behaviour of complex solutions that have been often treated by electrodialysis, such as municipal wastewaters. New mathematical models, especially 3D ones, are also expected to be developed in the coming years.
Collapse
|
4
|
Sgreccia E, Narducci R, Knauth P, Di Vona ML. Silica Containing Composite Anion Exchange Membranes by Sol-Gel Synthesis: A Short Review. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13111874. [PMID: 34200025 PMCID: PMC8200225 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This short review summarizes the literature on composite anion exchange membranes (AEM) containing an organo-silica network formed by sol–gel chemistry. The article covers AEM for diffusion dialysis (DD), for electrochemical energy technologies including fuel cells and redox flow batteries, and for electrodialysis. By applying a vast variety of organically modified silica compounds (ORMOSIL), many composite AEM reported in the last 15 years are based on poly (vinylalcohol) (PVA) or poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO) used as polymer matrix. The most stringent requirements are high permselectivity and water flux for DD membranes, while high ionic conductivity is essential for electrochemical applications. Furthermore, the alkaline stability of AEM for fuel cell applications remains a challenging problem that is not yet solved. Possible future topics of investigation on composite AEM containing an organo-silica network are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Sgreccia
- Department of Industrial Engineering and International Laboratory “Ionomer Materials for Energy”, University of Rome Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy; (R.N.); (M.L.D.V.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Riccardo Narducci
- Department of Industrial Engineering and International Laboratory “Ionomer Materials for Energy”, University of Rome Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy; (R.N.); (M.L.D.V.)
| | - Philippe Knauth
- CNRS, Madirel (UMR 7246) and International Laboratory “Ionomer Materials for Energy”, Aix Marseille University, F-13013 Marseille, France;
| | - Maria Luisa Di Vona
- Department of Industrial Engineering and International Laboratory “Ionomer Materials for Energy”, University of Rome Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy; (R.N.); (M.L.D.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Heidary F, Khodabakhshi AR, Ghanbari D. Ionic transport properties improvement of a new cation-exchange membrane containing functionalized CNT as a clean technology for refining of saline-liquids. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:1236-1251. [PMID: 31474189 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2019.1662852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the present research, a novel kind of homogeneous cation-exchange membranes were provided by solution casting technique via blending of sulfonated polyvinylchloride (SPVC) and sulfonated poly phenylene oxide (SPPO). The performance of the membranes was evaluated by membrane potential, areal resistance, transport number, ionic permeability, ion-exchange capacity, fixed ion concentration, energy consumption (EC), current efficiency, mechanical properties, membrane oxidative stability, water contact angle and water content tests. The microstructures of the membranes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Membrane with 70:30 (w/w) composition (SPPO: SPVC) exhibited suitable efficiency, mechanical strength and oxidative stability in comparison with other samples in this study. Also, amino groups have been successfully attached to the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) structure and the modified MWCNTs were selected as filler additive. The results revealed that a series of membranes with improved transport properties, hydrophilicity and EC can be prepared with the polymeric matrix-containing aminated-MWCNTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Heidary
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak 38156-8- 8349, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Khodabakhshi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak 38156-8- 8349, Iran
| | - Davood Ghanbari
- Department of Science, Arak University of Technology, Arak, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Khodaverdi F, Vaziri A, Javanbakht M, Jahanfar M. Improvement of
PAN
separator properties using
PVA
/malonic acid by electrospinning in lithium ion‐batteries. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fartash Khodaverdi
- Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Ali Vaziri
- Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Mehran Javanbakht
- Department of Chemistry Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran
| | - Mehdi Jahanfar
- Department of Biological Engineering and Biotechnology Shahid Beheshti University Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hosseini SM, Alibakhshi H, Jashni E, Parvizian F, Shen JN, Taheri M, Ebrahimi M, Rafiei N. A novel layer-by-layer heterogeneous cation exchange membrane for heavy metal ions removal from water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 381:120884. [PMID: 31352152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.120884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel layer-by-layer (LbL) cation exchange membrane was prepared for heavy metal ions removal from water via electrodialysis. LBL membranes fabricated by coating of [chitosan-co-activated carbon nanoparticles] layer on polyvinyl chloride-based heterogeneous cation exchange membrane. Betterment in adherence of layers was achieved through glutaraldehyde cross linking. FTIR, FESEM, 3D-surface images and BET analysis were used for LBL membrane characterization. Membrane surface hydrophilicity, flux, membrane potential, transport number, and their permselectivity were studied. FTIR spectra confirm LbL formation decisively. FESEM images and BET analysis demonstrated that coating of second layer on PVC membrane led to a compact structure. LbL membrane showed smoother and more hydrophilic surface compared to pristine membrane. The transport number and permselectivity increased by deposition of second layer whereas sodium flux showed up-down trend. ED experiment showed good ability in heavy metal ions removal for LBL membrane that follows (Cu2+> Ni2+> Pb2+) sequence. EDX analysis showed a competitive adsorption for heavy metal ions on LBL membrane as (Pb2+> Cu2+≥Ni2+). The effect of ultrasonic waves on regeneration of fouled membranes by heavy metals was investigated. The results showed improved performance for the regenerated membrane. Mechanical resistance also improved by utilizing of ACNs in chitosan layer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Hosseini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran
| | - H Alibakhshi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran
| | - E Jashni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran
| | - F Parvizian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran
| | - J N Shen
- Center for Membrane Separation and Water Science & Technology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - M Taheri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran
| | - M Ebrahimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran
| | - N Rafiei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Çalı A, Şahin A, Ar İ. Incorporating sepiolite and kaolinite to improve the performance of SPEEK composite membranes for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. CAN J CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aygün Çalı
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringGazi University Ankara Turkey
| | - Alpay Şahin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringGazi University Ankara Turkey
| | - İrfan Ar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringGazi University Ankara Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hosseini S, Sohrabnejad S, Nabiyouni G, Jashni E, Van der Bruggen B, Ahmadi A. Magnetic cation exchange membrane incorporated with cobalt ferrite nanoparticles for chromium ions removal via electrodialysis. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
10
|
Yadav V, Kulshrestha V. Boron nitride: a promising material for proton exchange membranes for energy applications. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:12755-12773. [PMID: 31267118 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03094h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Boron nitride (BN) is an exciting material and has drawn the attention of researchers for the last decade due to its surprising properties, including large surface area, thermomechanical stability, and high chemical resistance. Functionalization of BN is a new area of interest to build up novel properties and applications of BN. BN and functionalized BN are promising membrane materials and show enormous advantages ascribed to their simple synthesis, high surface area, mechanical and thermal stability, and distinctive mechanical properties. BN-based proton exchange membranes show improvement in their physicochemical, electrochemical, thermal, mechanical, and barrier properties. Only a few research studies have been carried out on BN-based highly stable proton exchange membranes (PEMs) for various electrochemical applications. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in the functionalization of BN by different methods. The synthesis of different proton exchange membranes has also been discussed in this article. In addition, the potential applications of hybrid proton exchange membranes have also been mentioned.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vikrant Yadav
- CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar- 364002, Gujarat, India and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar- 364002, Gujarat, India.
| | - Vaibhav Kulshrestha
- CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar- 364002, Gujarat, India and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar- 364002, Gujarat, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mofrad AE, Moheb A, Masigol M, Sadeghi M, Radmanesh F. An investigation into electrochemical properties of poly(ether sulfone)/poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) heterogeneous cation-exchange membranes by using design of experiment method. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 532:546-556. [PMID: 30107332 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ether sulfone) (PES)/poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) blend heterogeneous cation exchange membranes were prepared by solution casting technique using dimethylformamide as solvent and cation exchange resin powder as functional groups agent. In this study, Taguchi experiment design method was employed for investigating the effects of controlling variables including polymer binder (PVP + PES) to total casting solution ratio, blend ratio of polymer binders (PVP to PES), resin to polymer binder ratio, and casting temperature on electrochemical characteristics of PES/PVP heterogeneous membranes. To this aim, each factor was considered at 4 different levels and therefore, 16 experiments were designed. To improve the quality of the membranes ultrasonic was used for appropriate dispersing of resin particles in the matrix of the membranes. According to the results, the averaged maximum values of 1.535 meq/g and 46.6 mV were obtained for IEC and membrane potential, respectively. Also, the highest obtained value of ion permeability tests was equal to 1.33 m/s. Finally, the synthesis conditions was optimized by considering the IEC and membrane potential as the objective functions which gave the values of 1.55 meq/g and 1.39 m/s for IEC and membrane potential, respectively, which proved that the synthesized membrane can be considered as a promising heterogeneous membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ehsanian Mofrad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 8415683111, Iran
| | - Ahmad Moheb
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 8415683111, Iran
| | - Mohammadali Masigol
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA.
| | - Morteza Sadeghi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 8415683111, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Radmanesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 8415683111, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hosseini S, Jashni E, Jafari M, Van der Bruggen B, Shahedi Z. Nanocomposite polyvinyl chloride-based heterogeneous cation exchange membrane prepared by synthesized ZnQ2 nanoparticles: Ionic behavior and morphological characterization. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
13
|
Liu H, Ruan H, Zhao Y, Pan J, Sotto A, Gao C, van der Bruggen B, Shen J. A facile avenue to modify polyelectrolyte multilayers on anion exchange membranes to enhance monovalent selectivity and durability simultaneously. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
14
|
Hosseini S, Jashni E, Amani S, Van der Bruggen B. Tailoring the electrochemical properties of ED ion exchange membranes based on the synergism of TiO2 nanoparticles-co-GO nanoplates. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 505:763-775. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
15
|
Subasi Y, Cicek B. Recent advances in hydrophilic modification of PVDF ultrafiltration membranes – a review: part II. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0958-2118(17)30233-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
16
|
Hosseini S, Jashni E, Habibi M, Nemati M, Van der Bruggen B. Evaluating the ion transport characteristics of novel graphene oxide nanoplates entrapped mixed matrix cation exchange membranes in water deionization. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
17
|
Pan J, Ding J, Tan R, Chen G, Zhao Y, Gao C, der Bruggen BV, Shen J. Preparation of a monovalent selective anion exchange membrane through constructing a covalently crosslinked interface by electro-deposition of polyethyleneimine. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
18
|
Nemati M, Hosseini SM, Shabanian M. Novel electrodialysis cation exchange membrane prepared by 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid; heavy metal ions removal. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 337:90-104. [PMID: 28505511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present work a novel heterogeneous cation exchange membrane (CEM) composed of poly vinyl chloride (PVC) and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid based hydrogel (AMAH) was prepared. The membranes were fabricated with different fractions of AMAH to optimize the performance in desalination. The hydrogel was characterized by FT-IR to prove the successful synthesis. The membrane properties such as permselectivity, ionic permeability, flux, water content, electrical resistance, morphology, contact angle and dimensional stability were evaluated. Modified membranes showed acceptable dimensional stabilities, more hydrophilic surface, higher water content and porosity. SEM images revealed the formation of a more porous membrane structure. Membrane permselectivity and transport number showed a relatively constant then decreasing trend in Na+ and Ba2+ solutions. The experimental results showed that the incorporation of AMAH into the PVC matrix obviously improved ionic permeability and flux of Na (∼9%) and Ba (∼23%). Membrane electrical resistance was declined about 36% by adding AMAH in the membrane structure. Membranes' performance in potassium and heavy metal ions removal showed a remarkable separation capacity of K+ (99.9%), Pb2+ (99.9%) and Ni2+ (96.9%). Membranes showed desirable potential for scaling removal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Nemati
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran
| | - S M Hosseini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran.
| | - M Shabanian
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petrochemical Engineering, Standard Research Institute (SRI), Karaj 31745-139, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Otitoju TA, Ahmad AL, Ooi BS. Polyethersulfone composite hollow-fiber membrane prepared by in-situ growth of silica with highly improved oily wastewater separation performance. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-017-1268-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
20
|
Nemati M, Hosseini SM, Shabanian M. Developing thin film heterogeneous ion exchange membrane modified by 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid hydrogel-co-super activated carbon nanoparticles coating layer. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-017-0049-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
21
|
Otitoju T, Ahmad A, Ooi B. Superhydrophilic (superwetting) surfaces: A review on fabrication and application. J IND ENG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2016.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
22
|
Afsar NU, Yu D, Cheng C, Emmanuel K, Ge L, Wu B, Mondal AN, Khan MI, Xu T. Fabrication of cation exchange membrane from polyvinyl alcohol using lignin sulfonic acid: Applications in diffusion dialysis process for alkali recovery. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2017.1279629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noor Ul Afsar
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Dongbo Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Congliang Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Kamana Emmanuel
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Liang Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Bin Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Abhishek N. Mondal
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Muhammad Imran Khan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Tongwen Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
A Novel Sulfonated Poly Phenylene Oxide-Poly Vinylchloride/ZnO Cation-Exchange Membrane Applicable in Refining of Saline Liquids. J CLUST SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-017-1156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
24
|
Jafari MR, Hosseini SM, Musavi Andani SMJ, Hamidi AR, Madaeni SS. Ionic behavior modification of cation exchange ED membranes by using CMC-co-Fe3O4 nanoparticles for heavy metals removal from water. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-017-1051-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
25
|
Kaushal S, Badru R, Singh P, Kumar S, Mittal SK. Nanocomposite zirconium phosphoborate ion-exchanger incorporating carbon nanotubes with photocatalytic activity. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2016.1234487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kaushal
- Department of Chemistry, Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, India
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, India
| | - Rahul Badru
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, India
| | - Pritpal Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Physics, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, India
| | - Susheel K. Mittal
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Thapar University, Patiala, India
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhao Y, Tang K, Liu H, Van der Bruggen B, Sotto Díaz A, Shen J, Gao C. An anion exchange membrane modified by alternate electro-deposition layers with enhanced monovalent selectivity. J Memb Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
27
|
Hosseini SM, Andani SMJM, Jafari MR. Tailoring the ionic transfer characteristics of polyvinyl chloride-based heterogeneous ion exchange membranes by embedding carboxy methyl cellulose in membrane channels. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-016-1053-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
28
|
Novel ion-exchange nanocomposite membrane containing in-situ formed FeOOH nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization and transport properties. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-015-0275-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
29
|
Surface modification of cation exchange membranes by graft polymerization of PAA-co-PANI/MWCNTs nanoparticles. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-015-0199-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
30
|
Hosseini SM, Ahmadi Z, Nemati M, Parvizian F, Madaeni SS. Electrodialysis heterogeneous ion exchange membranes modified by SiO2 nanoparticles: fabrication and electrochemical characterization. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2016; 73:2074-2084. [PMID: 27148708 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2016.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the current study mixed matrix heterogeneous cation exchange membranes were prepared by solution casting technique. The effect of SiO(2) nanoparticles in the polymeric solution on the physicochemical properties of prepared membranes was studied. Scanning optical microscope images showed uniform particle distribution and relatively uniform surfaces for the prepared membranes. The membrane water content was reduced by silica nanoparticles in the membranes' matrix. The membrane ion exchange capacity, membrane potential, transport number and selectivity were improved initially by an increase of SiO(2) nanoparticles concentration up to 1%wt in prepared membranes and then showed a decreasing trend with a further increase in additive ratio from 1 to 4%wt. The ionic permeability and flux were also decreased initially by an increase of silica nanoparticles concentration up to 0.5%wt in the membrane matrix and then increased again with a further increase in nanoparticles concentration from 0.5 to 4%wt. Moreover, the results exhibited that using silica nanoparticles in the membrane matrix caused an obvious decrease in areal electrical resistance. The opposite trend was found for membrane mechanical strength using SiO(2) nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Hosseini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran E-mail: ;
| | - Z Ahmadi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran E-mail: ;
| | - M Nemati
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran E-mail: ;
| | - F Parvizian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran E-mail: ;
| | - S S Madaeni
- Membrane Research Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah 67149, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
|
32
|
Preparation, Characterization and Transport Properties of Novel Cation-Exchange Nanocomposite Membrane Containing BaFe12O19 Nanoparticles. J CLUST SCI 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-015-0920-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
33
|
Hong JG, Zhang B, Glabman S, Uzal N, Dou X, Zhang H, Wei X, Chen Y. Potential ion exchange membranes and system performance in reverse electrodialysis for power generation: A review. J Memb Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
34
|
Preparation and electrochemical characterization of polyvinylchloride/FeTiO3-co-Fe3O4 nanoparticles mixed matrix ion exchange membranes: Investigation of concentration and pH effects. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-015-0002-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
35
|
Poly(vinyl alcohol)/silica nanoparticles based anion-conducting nanocomposite membrane for fuel-cell applications. Macromol Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-015-3033-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
36
|
Huang X, Zhang J, Wang W, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Li L, Fan W. Effects of PVDF/SiO2 hybrid ultrafiltration membranes by sol–gel method for the concentration of fennel oil in herbal water extract. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra15448g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PVDF/SiO2 membranes by sol–gel were characterized and ultrafiltration performance of fennel oil in water extract through them was effectively improved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P.R.China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P.R.China
| | - Weiping Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P.R.China
| | - Yaodong Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P.R.China
| | - Zhibing Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P.R.China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P.R.China
| | - Wenling Fan
- College of Pharmacy
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- P.R.China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Electrochemical characterization of mixed matrix heterogeneous cation exchange membranes modified by simultaneous using ilmenite-co-iron oxide nanoparticles. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-014-0247-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
38
|
Zendehnam A, Rabieyan M, Hosseini SM, Mokhtari S. Novel nanocomposite heterogeneous cation exchange membrane prepared by MWCNTs-co-silver nanolayer composite nanoparticles: Physico/chemical characterization and investigation of concentration effect. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-014-0248-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
39
|
Surface modification of heterogeneous cation exchange membrane through simultaneous using polymerization of PAA and multi walled carbon nano tubes. J IND ENG CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2013.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
40
|
Hosseini S, Askari M, Koranian P, Madaeni S, Moghadassi A. Fabrication and electrochemical characterization of PVC based electrodialysis heterogeneous ion exchange membranes filled with Fe3O4 nanoparticles. J IND ENG CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2013.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
41
|
Electrochemical characterization of mixed matrix heterogeneous cation exchange membrane modified by aluminum oxide nanoparticles: Mono/bivalent ionic transportation. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2014.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
42
|
Proton transport properties of sulphanilic acid tethered poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride)-PVA blend membranes. Eur Polym J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2014.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
43
|
Kikhavani T, Ashrafizadeh SN, Bruggen BVD. Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Surfactant-Enhanced Chlorinated-Polypropylene Heterogeneous Anion Exchange Membrane. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2013.878955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
44
|
Li X, Cheng S, Wang L, Long Q, Tao J, Nie G, Liao S. Anion exchange membranes by bromination of benzylmethyl-containing poly(arylene ether)s for alkaline membrane fuel cells. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra00833b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fast and safe fabrication of anion exchange membranes started with the bromination of poly(arylene ether)s containing tetramethyl triphenyl methane moieties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhua Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province
- South China University of Technology
| | - Shanshan Cheng
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province
- South China University of Technology
| | - Liuchan Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province
- South China University of Technology
| | - Qiang Long
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province
- South China University of Technology
| | - Jinxiong Tao
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province
- South China University of Technology
| | - Guanghui Nie
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province
- South China University of Technology
| | - Shijun Liao
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province
- South China University of Technology
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kikhavani T, Ashrafizadeh SN, Van der Bruggen B. Identification of optimum synthesis conditions for a novel anion exchange membrane by response surface methodology. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.39888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tavan Kikhavani
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Research Lab for Advanced Separation Processes; Iran University of Science and Technology; Narmak Tehran 16846-13114 Iran
| | - Seyed Nezammeddin Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Research Lab for Advanced Separation Processes; Iran University of Science and Technology; Narmak Tehran 16846-13114 Iran
| | - Bart Van der Bruggen
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Process Engineering for Sustainable Systems (ProcESS); KU Leuven B-3001 Leuven Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
A convenient, efficient and green route for preparing anion exchange membranes for potential application in alkaline fuel cells. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
47
|
|
48
|
Hosseini SM, Madaeni SS, Moghadassi AR, Joudaki E, Bakhshi A. Improving the Electrochemical Properties of Electro-Dialysis Heterogeneous Cation Exchange Membrane by Surface Modification. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2012.692422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
49
|
Tran AT, Patterson DA, James BJ. Investigating the feasibility of using polysulfone–montmorillonite composite membranes for protein adsorption. J FOOD ENG 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2012.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
50
|
Hu K, Nie J, Liu J, Zheng J. Separation of methanol from methanol/water mixtures with pervaporation hybrid membranes. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.38241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|