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Jankowska K, Su Z, Zdarta J, Skiadas IV, Woodley JM, Manuel Pinelo. High performance removal of chlorophenols from an aqueous solution using an enzymatic membrane bioreactor. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 357:124348. [PMID: 38936790 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Organochlorides and particularly chlorophenols are environmental pollutants that deserve special attention. Enzymatic membrane bioreactors may be alternatives for efficiently removing such hazardous organochlorides from aqueous solutions. We propose here a novel enzymatic membrane bioreactor comprising an ultrafiltration membrane GR81PP, electrospun fibers made of cellulose acetate, and laccase immobilized using an incubation and a fouling approach. Configurations of this biosystem exhibiting the highest catalytic activity were selected for removal of 2-chlorophenol and 4-chlorophenol from aqueous solution in an enzymatic membrane bioreactor under various process conditions. The highest removal of chlorophenols, at 88% and 74% for 2-chlorophenol and 4-chlorophenol, respectively, occurred at pH 5 and 30 ºC in the GR81PP/cellulose acetate/laccase biosystem with enzyme immobilized by the fouling method. Furthermore, the GR81PP/cellulose acetate/laccase biosystem with enzyme immobilized by the fouling method exhibited significant reusability and storage stability compared with the biosystem with laccase immobilized by the incubation method. The mechanism of enzyme immobilization is based on pore blocking and cake-layer formation, while the mechanism of chlorophenols removal was identified as a synergistic combination of membrane separation and enzymatic conversion. The importance of the conducted research is due to efficient removal of hazardous organochlorides using a novel enzymatic membrane bioreactor. The study demonstrates the biosystem's high catalytic activity, reusability, and stability, offering a promising solution for environmental pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Jankowska
- Process and Systems Engineering Centre (PROSYS), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 227, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ziran Su
- Process and Systems Engineering Centre (PROSYS), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 227, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jakub Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ioannis V Skiadas
- Pilot Plant, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 228A, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - John M Woodley
- Process and Systems Engineering Centre (PROSYS), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 227, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Manuel Pinelo
- Process and Systems Engineering Centre (PROSYS), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 227, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
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Zhang J, Lin Z, Yu Z, Zhang Y, Liang D, Chen Y, Chen Y, Chen P, Liu H, Lv W, Liu G. Simplified synthesis of direct Z-scheme Bi 2WO 6/PhC 2Cu heterojunction that shows enhanced photocatalytic degradation of 2,4,6-TCP: Kinetic study and mechanistic insights. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132065. [PMID: 37467607 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
For this work, we employed n-type Bi2WO6 and p-type PhC2Cu to formulate a direct Z-scheme Bi2WO6/PhC2Cu (PCBW) photocatalyst via simplified ultrasonic stirring technique. An optimal 0.6PCBW composite exhibited the capacity to rapidly photodegrade 2,4,6-TCP (98.6% in 120 min) under low-power blue LED light, which was 8.53 times and 12.53 times faster than for pristine PhC2Cu and Bi2WO6, respectively. Moreover, electron spin resonance (ESR), time-resolved PL spectra, and quantitative ROS tests indicated that the PCBW enhanced the separation capacity of photocarriers. It also more readily associated with dissolved oxygen in water to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). Among them, the ability of PCBW to produce ·O2- in one hour was 12.07 times faster than for pure PhC2Cu. In addition, the H2O2 formation rate and apparent quantum efficiency of PCBW are 10.73 times that of PhC2Cu, which indicates that PCBW not only has excellent photocatalytic performance, but also has outstanding ROS production ability. Furthermore, Ag photodeposition, in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were utilized to determine the photogenerated electron migration paths in the PCBW, which systematically confirmed that Z-scheme heterojunction were successfully formed. Finally, based on the intermediate products, three potential 2,4,6-TCP degradation pathways were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfan Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zili Lin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zongshun Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yudan Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Danluo Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yingyi Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ping Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haijin Liu
- Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huaihe River Water Environment and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Wenying Lv
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Guoguang Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Ferreiro C, Sanz J, Villota N, de Luis A, Lombraña JI. Kinetic modelling for concentration and toxicity changes during the oxidation of 4-chlorophenol by UV/H 2O 2. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15726. [PMID: 34344943 PMCID: PMC8333101 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95083-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This work develops a kinetic model that allow to predict the water toxicity and the main degradation products concentration of aqueous solutions containing 4-chlorophenol oxidised by UV/H2O2. The kinetic model was developed grouping degradation products of similar toxicological nature: aromatics (hydroquinone, benzoquinone, 4-chlorocatechol and catechol), aliphatics (succinic, fumaric, maleic and malonic acids) and mineralised compounds (oxalic, acetic and formic acids). The degradation of each group versus time was described as a mathematical function of the rate constant of a second-order reaction involving the hydroxyl radical, the quantum yield of lump, the concentration of the hydroxyl radicals and the intensity of the emitted UV radiation. The photolytic and kinetic parameters characterising each lump were adjusted by experimental assays. The kinetic, mass balance and toxicity equations were solved using the Berkeley Madonna numerical calculation tool. Results showed that 4-chlorophenol would be completely removed during the first hour of the reaction, operating with oxidant molar ratios higher than R = 200 at pH 6.0 and UV = 24 W. Under these conditions, a decrease in the rate of total organic carbon (TOC) removal close to 50% from the initial value was observed. The solution colour, attributed to the presence of oxidation products as p-benzoquinone and hydroquinone, were oxidised to colourless species, that resulted in a decrease in the toxicity of the solutions (9.95 TU) and the aromaticity lost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Ferreiro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Barrio Sarriena S/N, 48940, Leioa, Spain.
| | - Josu Sanz
- Department of Mathematics and Science Didactics, Faculty of Education, Philosophy and Anthropology of Donostia-San Sebastián, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Barrio Sarriena S/N, 48940, Leioa, Spain
| | - Natalia Villota
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of Vitoria-Gasteiz, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Nieves Cano, 12, 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Ana de Luis
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering in Bilbao, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo, 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - José Ignacio Lombraña
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Barrio Sarriena S/N, 48940, Leioa, Spain
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Removal of phenolic compounds from industrial waste water based on membrane-based technologies. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2018.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Liu QS, Zheng T, Wang P, Li YJ. Regeneration of 4-Chlorophenol Exhausted GAC with a Microwave Assisted Wet Peroxide Oxidation Process. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2013.809760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Peng YQ, Wang SZ, Lan L, Chen W, Fang BS. Resin adsorption application for product separation and catalyst recycling in coupled enzymatic catalysis to produce 1,3-propanediol and dihydroxyacetone for repeated batch. Eng Life Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201300012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Qiang Peng
- The Key Laboratory for Industrial Biotechnology of Fujian Higher Education; Hua Qiao University; Xiamen China
| | - Shi-Zhen Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen China
- The Key Lab for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen China
| | - Ling Lan
- The Key Laboratory for Industrial Biotechnology of Fujian Higher Education; Hua Qiao University; Xiamen China
| | - Wei Chen
- The Key Laboratory for Industrial Biotechnology of Fujian Higher Education; Hua Qiao University; Xiamen China
| | - Bai-Shan Fang
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen China
- The Key Lab for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen China
- The Key Lab for Chemical Biology of Fujian; Xiamen University; Xiamen China
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Demarche P, Junghanns C, Nair RR, Agathos SN. Harnessing the power of enzymes for environmental stewardship. Biotechnol Adv 2012; 30:933-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Máximo MF, Gómez M, Murcia MD, Ortega S, Barbosa DS, Vayá G. Screening of three commercial plant peroxidases for the removal of phenolic compounds in membrane bioreactors. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2012; 33:1071-9. [PMID: 22720436 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2011.607850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A comparative study of three plant peroxidases, horseradish (HRP), soybean (SBP) and artichoke (AKPC), was carried out to select the most appropriate one for 4-chlorophenol treatment in an ultrafiltration membrane reactor. Soybean peroxidase showed the highest enzymatic activity, followed by HRP and AKPC. The same tendency was observed in a discontinuous tank reactor, where SBP attained more than 90% of4-chlorophenol removal within the pH range tested. The optimum temperature was 30 degrees C, with SBP showing highest thermostability. With the ultrafiltration membrane reactor, SBP attained the highest operational stability, with 4-chlorophenol conversions of around 90% in the permeate stream for up to 200 minutes. Finally, permeate samples were analysed and no significant amount of enzyme was detected, so the observed loss of activity, less pronounced with SBP, was attributed to enzyme adsorption on the polymeric products deposited on the membrane surface. Soybean peroxidase was selected as the most appropriate peroxidase for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Máximo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Murcia University, 30071 Murcia, Spain
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