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Rivas S, Rigual V, Domínguez JC, Alonso MV, Oliet M, Parajó JC, Rodriguez F. A biorefinery strategy for the manufacture and characterization of oligosaccharides and antioxidants from poplar hemicelluloses. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2020.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Rybicki M, Marynowski L, Simoneit BRT. Composition of organic compounds from low-temperature burning of lignite and their application as tracers in ambient air. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 249:126087. [PMID: 32062555 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Levoglucosan, a product from thermal decomposition of cellulose, is widely known as an organic tracer of biomass burning, but has also been reported from coal smoke particulate matter (PM) including lignites. This study provides direct evidence that levoglucosan is generated not only during low-temperature burning/smoldering of xylite, but also from other lignite types including detritic and detroxylitic brown coals from Poland. Moreover, only trace amounts of mannosan and galactosan have been detected in PM of lignite smoke. The hopanes in lignite smoke PM comprise the thermodynamically unstable ββ-hopanes and hopenes, with values of the homohopane index 22S/(22S + 22R) ranging from 0.02 to 0.12. This is characteristic for immature organic matter, and combined with the presence of anhydrosaccharides can be used as tracers for lignite combustion in ambient air. Furthermore, almost all Miocene lignite smoke PM samples contain α-, β-, γ-, and δ-tocopherols, and prist-1-ene. This is the first report of the occurrence of all four tocopherol isomers in the geological record (in lignite extracts) and in lignite smoke PM samples. Lower α-tocopherol is observed for the lignite burn-test samples than in the corresponding lignite extracts, probably due to partial chain degradation to prist-1-ene during combustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Rybicki
- Instutute of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Będzińska Str. 60, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland.
| | - Leszek Marynowski
- Instutute of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Będzińska Str. 60, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Bernd R T Simoneit
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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Ramos-Andrés M, Andrés-Iglesias C, García-Serna J. Production of molecular weight fractionated hemicelluloses hydrolyzates from spent coffee grounds combining hydrothermal extraction and a multistep ultrafiltration/diafiltration. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 292:121940. [PMID: 31419707 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Spent coffee grounds are a huge residual stream from instant coffee makers. The production of spent coffee oil and molecular weight fractionated hemicellulose hydrolysates via supercritical CO2 and a hydrothermal treatment followed by concentration, separation, and purification through cascade ultrafiltration/diafiltration (30-10-5 kDa) was studied. Hemicelluloses extraction yield reached 3.49 g/100 g of dry defatted spent coffee after 40 min at 160 °C. The ultrafiltration system allowed concentrating up to 5-fold certain groups of hemicellulose, being most of them retained in the first membrane. Hemicellulose concentration and molecular weight of the feed exerted a great influence on the mass transfer through the membrane due to the formation of aggregates. However, purification through diafiltration allowed both to decrease by-products retentions from 45.6% to 8.7%, increasing the molecular weight of each fraction. Six hemicellulose products were obtained with purities between 83.7 and 97.8 wt% and weight-average molecular weights between 1641 and 49,733 Da.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ramos-Andrés
- High Pressure Processes Group, BioEcoUVa Research Institute on Bioeconomy and Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, EII Sede Mergelina, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Cristina Andrés-Iglesias
- High Pressure Processes Group, BioEcoUVa Research Institute on Bioeconomy and Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, EII Sede Mergelina, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Juan García-Serna
- High Pressure Processes Group, BioEcoUVa Research Institute on Bioeconomy and Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, EII Sede Mergelina, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
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C-O Bond Hydrogenolysis of Aqueous Mixtures of Sugar Polyols and Sugars over ReOx-Rh/ZrO2 Catalyst: Application to an Hemicelluloses Extracted Liquor. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9090740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The recovery and upgrade of hemicelluloses, a family of heteropolysaccharides in wood, is a key step to making lignocellulosic biomass conversion a cost-effective sustainable process in biorefinery. The comparative selective catalytic C-O bond hydrogenolysis of C5-C6 polyols, sugars, and their mixtures for the production of valuable C6 and C5 deoxygenated products was studied at 200 °C under 80 bar H2 over ReOx-Rh/ZrO2 catalysts. The sugars were rapidly converted to the polyols or converted into their hydrogenolysis products. Regardless of the reactants, C-O bond cleavage occurred significantly via multiple consecutive deoxygenation steps and led to the formation of linear deoxygenated C6 or C5 polyols. The distribution of products depended on the nature of the substrate and C-C bond scission was more important from monosaccharides. In addition, we demonstrated effective hydrogenolysis of a hemicellulose-extracted liquor from delignified maritime pine containing monosaccharides and low MW oligomers. Compared with the sugar-derived polyols, the mono- and oligosaccharides in the liquor were more rapidly converted to hexanediols or pentanediols. C-O bond scission was significant, giving a yield of desired deoxygenated products as high as 65%, higher than in the reaction of the synthetic mixture of glucose/xylose of the same C6/C5 sugar ratio (yield of 30%).
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2013-2014. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2018; 37:353-491. [PMID: 29687922 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This review is the eighth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2014. Topics covered in the first part of the review include general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation, and arrays. The second part of the review is devoted to applications to various structural types such as oligo- and poly- saccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides, and biopharmaceuticals. Much of this material is presented in tabular form. The third part of the review covers medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions, and applications to chemical synthesis. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 37:353-491, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
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Moniz P, Serralheiro C, Matos CT, Boeriu CG, Frissen AE, Duarte LC, Roseiro LB, Pereira H, Carvalheiro F. Membrane separation and characterisation of lignin and its derived products obtained by a mild ethanol organosolv treatment of rice straw. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Ajao O, Rahni M, Marinova M, Chadjaa H, Savadogo O. Study of Separation and Fouling of Reverse Osmosis Membranes during Model Hydrolysate Solution Filtration. MEMBRANES 2017; 7:membranes7040068. [PMID: 29244761 PMCID: PMC5746827 DOI: 10.3390/membranes7040068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Prehydrolysate, a dilute solution consisting mainly of pentoses, hexoses, and lesser quantities of organic acids, furfural and phenolics, is generated in the Kraft dissolving pulp process. An obstacle facing the valorization of the solution in hemicellulose biorefineries, by conversion of the sugars into bioproducts such as furfural, is the low sugar concentration. Membrane filtration is typically proposed in several hemicellulose based biorefineries for concentrating the solution, although they are usually generated using different wood species, pretreatment methods, and operating conditions. However, the chemical composition of the solutions is generally not considered. Also, the combined effect of composition and operating conditions is rarely investigated for biorefinery applications. The purpose of this work was to determine the impact of the prehydrolysate composition and operating parameters on the component separation and permeate flux during membrane filtration. Using model prehydrolysate solutions, two commercial reverse osmosis (RO) membranes were screened, and one was selected for use, based on its higher sugar and acetic acid retention. A Taguchi L18 experimental design array was then applied to determine the dominant parameters and limiting factors. Results showed that the feed pressure and temperature have the highest impact on permeate flux, but the least effect on sugar retention. Further experiments to quantify flux decline, due to fouling and osmotic pressure, showed that furfural has the highest membrane fouling tendency, and can limit the lifetime of the membrane. Regeneration of the membrane by cleaning with a sodium hydroxide solution is also effective for reversing fouling. It has been demonstrated that RO can efficiently and sustainably concentrate wood prehydrolysate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olumoye Ajao
- Research Unit on Energy Efficiency and Sustainable Development of the Forest Biorefinery, Chemical Engineering Department, Polytechnique Montreal, C.P. 6079 succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada.
| | - Mohamed Rahni
- Centre National en Électrochimie et en Technologies Environnementales, Shawinigan, 2263, Avenue du Collège, Shawinigan, QC G9N 6V, Canada.
| | - Mariya Marinova
- Research Unit on Energy Efficiency and Sustainable Development of the Forest Biorefinery, Chemical Engineering Department, Polytechnique Montreal, C.P. 6079 succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada.
| | - Hassan Chadjaa
- Centre National en Électrochimie et en Technologies Environnementales, Shawinigan, 2263, Avenue du Collège, Shawinigan, QC G9N 6V, Canada.
| | - Oumarou Savadogo
- Research Unit on Energy Efficiency and Sustainable Development of the Forest Biorefinery, Chemical Engineering Department, Polytechnique Montreal, C.P. 6079 succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada.
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Silva FF, Alves AMB, de Lurdes Serrano M, de Sousa APM. Isolation and purification of concentrated and non-concentrated hemicellulose alkaline extracts. Sep Purif Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2016.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sun S, Chen W, Tang J, Wang B, Cao X, Sun S, Sun RC. Synergetic effect of dilute acid and alkali treatments on fractional application of rice straw. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2016; 9:217. [PMID: 27777619 PMCID: PMC5069894 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-016-0632-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The biorefinery based on an effective and economical process is to fractionate the three primary constituents (cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin) from lignocellulosic biomass, in which the constituents can be respectively converted into high-value-added products. In this study, a successive treatment with dilute acid (0.25-1.0 % aqueous H2SO4, 100-150 °C, 0.5-3.0 h) and alkali (1.5 % aqueous NaOH, 80 °C, 3 h) was performed to produce xylooligosaccharides (XOS), high-purity lignin, and cellulose-rich substrates to produce glucose for ethanol production from rice straw (RS). RESULTS During the dilute acid pretreatment, the maximum production of XOS (12.8 g XOS/100 g RS) with a relatively low level of byproducts was achieved at a relatively low temperature (130 °C) and a low H2SO4 concentration (0.5 %) for a reaction time of 2.0 h. During the alkali post-treatment, 14.2 g lignin with a higher purity of 99.2 % and 30.3 g glucose with a higher conversion rate by enzymatic hydrolysis were obtained from the successively treated substrates with 100 g RS as starting material. As the pretreatment temperature, H2SO4 concentration, or time increased, more β-O-4 linkages in lignins were cleaved, which resulted in an increase of phenolic OH groups in lignin macromolecules. The signal intensities of G2 and G6 in HSQC spectra gradually reduced and vanished, indicating that a condensation reaction probably occurred at C-2 and C-6 of guaiacyl with the side chains of other lignin. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated that the successive treatments with dilute acid and alkali had a synergetic effect on the fractionation of the three main constituents in RS. It is believed that the results obtained will enhance the availability of the combined techniques in the lignocellulosic biorefinery for the application of the main components, cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin as biochemical and biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaolong Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Weijing Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Jianing Tang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Bing Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Xuefei Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Shaoni Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Run-Cang Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
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Moniz P, Ho AL, Duarte LC, Kolida S, Rastall RA, Pereira H, Carvalheiro F. Assessment of the bifidogenic effect of substituted xylo-oligosaccharides obtained from corn straw. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 136:466-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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