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Fabrication of Nanostructured Polyamic Acid Membranes for Antimicrobially Enhanced Water Purification. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/7362789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Water scarcity and quality challenges facing the world can be alleviated by Point-of-Use filtration devices (POU). The use of filtration membranes in POU devices has been limited largely because of membrane fouling, which occurs when suspended solids, microbes, and organic materials are deposited on the surface of filtration membranes significantly decreasing the membrane lifespan, thereby increasing operation costs. There is need therefore to develop filtration membranes that are devoid of these challenges. In this work, nanotechnology was used to fabricate nanostructured polyamic acid (nPAA) membranes, which can be used for microbial decontamination of water. The PAA was used as support and reducing agent to introduce silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with antimicrobial properties. The nPAA membranes were fabricated via thermal and wet phase inversion technique and then tested against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus following standard tests. The resulting nanoparticles exhibited excellent dispersibility and stability as indicated by the color change of the solution and increments of optical density at 415 nm for AgNPs and 520 nm for AuNPs. The wet phase inversion process used produced highly porous, strong, and flexible nPAA membranes, which showed well-dispersed spherical AuNPs and AgNPs whose rough average size was found to be 35 nm and 25 nm, respectively. The AgNPs demonstrated inhibition for both gram positive E. coli and gram negative S. aureus, with a better inhibitory activity against S. aureus. A synergistic enhancement of AgNPs antimicrobial activity upon AuNPs addition was demonstrated. The nPAA membranes can thus be used to remove microbials from water and can hence be used in water purification.
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Okello VA, Gass S, Pyrgiotakis G, Du N, Lake A, Kariuki V, Sotiriou GA, Addolorato J, Demokritou P, Sadik OA. Capture, isolation and electrochemical detection of industrially-relevant engineered aerosol nanoparticles using poly (amic) acid, phase-inverted, nano-membranes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 279:365-374. [PMID: 25080157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.06.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Workplace exposure to engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) is a potential health and environmental hazard. This paper reports a novel approach for tracking hazardous airborne ENPs by applying online poly (amic) acid membranes (PAA) with offline electrochemical detection. Test aerosol (Fe2O3, TiO2 and ZnO) nanoparticles were produced using the Harvard (Versatile Engineered Generation System) VENGES system. The particle morphology, size and elemental composition were determined using SEM, XRD and EDS. The PAA membrane electrodes used to capture the airborne ENPs were either stand-alone or with electron-beam gold-coated paper substrates. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to conceptually illustrate that exposure levels of industry-relevant classes of airborne nanoparticles could be captured and electrochemically detected at PAA membranes filter electrodes. CV parameters showed that PAA catalyzed the reduction of Fe2O3 to Fe(2+) with a size-dependent shift in reduction potential (E(0)). Using the proportionality of peak current to concentration, the amount of Fe2O3 was found to be 4.15×10(-17)mol/cm(3) PAA electrodes. Using EIS, the maximum phase angle (Φmax) and the interfacial charge transfer resistance (Rct) increased significantly using 100μg and 1000μg of TiO2 and ZnO respectively. The observed increase in Φmax and Rct at increasing concentration is consistent with the addition of an insulating layer of material on the electrode surface. The integrated VENGES/PAA filter sensor system has the potential to be used as a portable monitoring system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica A Okello
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Advanced Sensors & Environmental Systems (CASE), State University of New York at Binghamton, P.O. Box 6000, Binghamton, NY 13902, United States
| | - Samuel Gass
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115-6021, United States
| | - Georgios Pyrgiotakis
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115-6021, United States
| | - Nian Du
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Advanced Sensors & Environmental Systems (CASE), State University of New York at Binghamton, P.O. Box 6000, Binghamton, NY 13902, United States
| | - Andrew Lake
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Advanced Sensors & Environmental Systems (CASE), State University of New York at Binghamton, P.O. Box 6000, Binghamton, NY 13902, United States
| | - Victor Kariuki
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Advanced Sensors & Environmental Systems (CASE), State University of New York at Binghamton, P.O. Box 6000, Binghamton, NY 13902, United States
| | - Georgios A Sotiriou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115-6021, United States
| | - Jessica Addolorato
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Advanced Sensors & Environmental Systems (CASE), State University of New York at Binghamton, P.O. Box 6000, Binghamton, NY 13902, United States
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115-6021, United States.
| | - Omowunmi A Sadik
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Advanced Sensors & Environmental Systems (CASE), State University of New York at Binghamton, P.O. Box 6000, Binghamton, NY 13902, United States.
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