1
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Van Cauter CJ, Li Y, Van Herck S, Vankelecom IFJ. Stability and Performance of Commercial Membranes in High-Temperature Organic Flow Batteries. MEMBRANES 2024; 14:177. [PMID: 39195429 DOI: 10.3390/membranes14080177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Redox flow batteries (RFB) often operate at extreme pH conditions and may require cooling to prevent high temperatures. The stability of the battery membranes at these extreme pH-values at high temperatures is still largely unknown. In this paper, a systematic screening of the performance and stability of nine commercial membranes at pH 14 and pH ≤ 0 with temperatures up to 80 °C is conducted in an organic aqueous RFB. Swelling, area resistance, diffusion crossover, battery performance and membrane stability after 40-80 °C temperature treatment are shown, after which a recommendation is made for different user scenarios. The Aquivion E98-05 membrane performed best for both the Tiron/2,7-AQDS battery and the DHPS/Fe(CN)6 battery at 40 mA/cm2, with stable results after 1 week of storage at 80 °C. At 80 mA/cm2, E-620-PE performed best in the DHPS/Fe(CN)6 battery, while Sx-050DK performed best in the Tiron/2,7-AQDS battery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiari J Van Cauter
- Membrane Technology Group (MTG), Division cMACS, Faculty Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, P.O. Box 2454, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yun Li
- Membrane Technology Group (MTG), Division cMACS, Faculty Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, P.O. Box 2454, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sander Van Herck
- Membrane Technology Group (MTG), Division cMACS, Faculty Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, P.O. Box 2454, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ivo F J Vankelecom
- Membrane Technology Group (MTG), Division cMACS, Faculty Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, P.O. Box 2454, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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2
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Zhao Z, Liu X, Zhang M, Zhang L, Zhang C, Li X, Yu G. Development of flow battery technologies using the principles of sustainable chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:6031-6074. [PMID: 37539656 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00765g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Realizing decarbonization and sustainable energy supply by the integration of variable renewable energies has become an important direction for energy development. Flow batteries (FBs) are currently one of the most promising technologies for large-scale energy storage. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the state-of-the-art progress in FBs from the new perspectives of technological and environmental sustainability, thus guiding the future development of FB technologies. More importantly, we evaluate the current situation and future development of key materials with key aspects of green economy and decarbonization to promote sustainable development and improve the novel energy framework. Finally, we present an analysis of the current challenges and prospects on how to effectively construct low-carbon and sustainable FB materials in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Zhao
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xianghui Liu
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Mengqi Zhang
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Leyuan Zhang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
| | - Changkun Zhang
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Xianfeng Li
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Guihua Yu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
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3
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Flack R, Aixalà-Perelló A, Pedico A, Saadi K, Lamberti A, Zitoun D. Permselectivity and Ionic Conductivity Study of Na + and Br - Ions in Graphene Oxide-Based Membranes for Redox Flow Batteries. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:695. [PMID: 37623756 PMCID: PMC10456580 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13080695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Permselectivity of a membrane is central for the development of electrochemical energy storage devices with two redox couples, such as redox flow batteries (RFBs). In RFBs, Br3-/Br- couple is often used as a catholyte which can cross over to the anolyte, limiting the battery's lifetime. Naturally, the development of permselective membranes is essential to the success of RFBs since state-of-the-art perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) is too costly. This study investigates membranes of graphene oxide (GO), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and imidazole (Im) as binder and linker, respectively. The GO membranes are compared to a standard PFSA membrane in terms of ionic conductivity (Na+) and permselectivity (exclusion of Br-). The ionic conduction is evaluated from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and the permselectivity from two-compartment diffusion cells in a four-electrode system. Our findings suggest that the GO membranes reach conductivity and permselectivity comparable with standard PFSA membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Flack
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 590002, Israel; (R.F.); (K.S.)
| | - Anna Aixalà-Perelló
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (A.A.-P.); (A.P.); (A.L.)
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Sustainable Future Technologies, Via Livorno 60, 10140 Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pedico
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (A.A.-P.); (A.P.); (A.L.)
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Sustainable Future Technologies, Via Livorno 60, 10140 Torino, Italy
| | - Kobby Saadi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 590002, Israel; (R.F.); (K.S.)
| | - Andrea Lamberti
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (A.A.-P.); (A.P.); (A.L.)
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Sustainable Future Technologies, Via Livorno 60, 10140 Torino, Italy
| | - David Zitoun
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 590002, Israel; (R.F.); (K.S.)
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4
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Roschger M, Wolf S, Billiani A, Mayer K, Hren M, Gorgieva S, Genorio B, Hacker V. Study on Commercially Available Membranes for Alkaline Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:20845-20857. [PMID: 37332806 PMCID: PMC10269243 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
This study provides a comparison of different commercially available low-cost anion exchange membranes (AEMs), a microporous separator, a cation exchange membrane (CEM), and an anionic-treated CEM for their application in the liquid-feed alkaline direct ethanol fuel cell (ADEFC). Moreover, the effect on performance was evaluated taking two different modes of operation for the ADEFC, with AEM or CEM, into consideration. The membranes were compared with respect to their physical and chemical properties, such as thermal and chemical stability, ion-exchange capacity, ionic conductivity, and ethanol permeability. The influence of these factors on performance and resistance was determined by means of polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) measurements in the ADEFC. In addition, the influence of two different commercial ionomers on the structure and transport properties of the catalyst layer and on the performance were analyzed with scanning electron microscopy, single cell tests, and EIS. The applicability barriers of the membranes were pointed out, and the ideal combinations of membrane and ionomer for the liquid-feed ADEFC achieved power densities of approximately 80 mW cm-2 at 80 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Roschger
- Institute
of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 25/C, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Sigrid Wolf
- Institute
of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 25/C, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Billiani
- Institute
of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 25/C, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Kurt Mayer
- Institute
of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 25/C, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Maša Hren
- Faculty
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Selestina Gorgieva
- Faculty
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Boštjan Genorio
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna
Pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Viktor Hacker
- Institute
of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 25/C, 8010 Graz, Austria
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5
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Chen H, Kang C, Shang E, Liu G, Chen D, Yuan Z. Montmorillonite-Based Separator Enables a Long-Life Alkaline Zinc–Iron Flow Battery. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c03672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Huanghe Road 850, Dalian, Liaoning116029, China
| | - Chengzi Kang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Huanghe Road 850, Dalian, Liaoning116029, China
| | - Erhui Shang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Huanghe Road 850, Dalian, Liaoning116029, China
| | - Guangyu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Huanghe Road 850, Dalian, Liaoning116029, China
| | - Dongju Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Huanghe Road 850, Dalian, Liaoning116029, China
| | - Zhizhang Yuan
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning116023, China
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6
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Khan I, Lee JH, Park J, Wooh S. Nano/micro-structural engineering of Nafion membranes for advanced electrochemical applications. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2022.101511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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7
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Operating an ozone-evolving PEM electrolyser in tap water: A case study of water and ion transport. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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8
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Zhou F, Sun C. Nitrate-to-Ammonia Conversion on Ru/Ni Hydroxide Hybrid through Zinc-Nitrate Fuel Cell. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2200436. [PMID: 35491392 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202200436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The fuel cell is a basic device to generate electricity from chemical fuels. It is often operated with oxygen as the oxidizing agent, but its sluggish reduction has become a key challenge. Herein, a conceptual oxygen-free design is demonstrated, namely a zinc-nitrate fuel cell, which converts nitrate waste into valuable ammonia and generates electricity simultaneously. The cell is constructed with zinc foil as the anode and ruthenium (Ru) nanoparticles loaded on nickel foam as the cathode. Catalyzed by Ru/Ni hydroxide hybrid, the reaction rate of 384 mmol h-1 mgRu-1 (1.4 × 10-6 ± 0.1 × 10-6 mol s-1 cm-2 ) and Faradic efficiency (FENH3 = 97% ± 2%) at -0.6 V versus reverse hydrogen electrode are achieved for nitrate-to-ammonia conversion. During ammonia production, such zinc-nitrate fuel cell can further deliver a maximum power density of 51.5 mW cm-2 (0.25 cm2 electrode) and 23.3 mW cm-2 (1 cm2 electrode), keeping ultrahigh Faradic efficiency (97% ± 4% at 40 mA cm-2 ) after long tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengling Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy Systems, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Chenghua Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology and Centre for Translational Atomaterials, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
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9
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A Chemistry and Microstructure Perspective on Ion‐Conducting Membranes for Redox Flow Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202105619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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10
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Technical–Economic Analysis of Hydrogen Peroxide Activation by a Sacrificial Anode: Comparison of Two Exchange Membranes. Electrocatalysis (N Y) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12678-021-00689-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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11
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Dai Q, Zhao Z, Shi M, Deng C, Zhang H, Li X. Ion conductive membranes for flow batteries: Design and ions transport mechanism. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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12
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Application and Analysis of Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis for LiOH Production at High Electrolyte Concentrations: Current Scope and Challenges. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11080575. [PMID: 34436338 PMCID: PMC8398133 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11080575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to evaluate obtaining LiOH directly from brines with high LiCl concentrations using bipolar membrane electrodialysis by the analysis of Li+ ion transport phenomena. For this purpose, Neosepta BP and Fumasep FBM bipolar membranes were characterized by linear sweep voltammetry, and the Li+ transport number in cation-exchange membranes was determined. In addition, a laboratory-scale reactor was designed, constructed, and tested to develop experimental LiOH production tests. The selected LiCl concentration range, based on productive process concentrations for Salar de Atacama (Chile), was between 14 and 34 wt%. Concentration and current density effects on LiOH production, current efficiency, and specific electricity consumption were evaluated. The highest current efficiency obtained was 0.77 at initial concentrations of LiOH 0.5 wt% and LiCl 14 wt%. On the other hand, a concentrated LiOH solution (between 3.34 wt% and 4.35 wt%, with a solution purity between 96.0% and 95.4%, respectively) was obtained. The results of this work show the feasibility of LiOH production from concentrated brines by means of bipolar membrane electrodialysis, bringing the implementation of this technology closer to LiOH production on a larger scale. Moreover, being an electrochemical process, this could be driven by Solar PV, taking advantage of the high solar radiation conditions in the Atacama Desert in Chile.
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13
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Xiong P, Zhang L, Chen Y, Peng S, Yu G. A Chemistry and Microstructure Perspective on Ion-Conducting Membranes for Redox Flow Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24770-24798. [PMID: 34165884 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are among the most promising grid-scale energy storage technologies. However, the development of RFBs with high round-trip efficiency, high rate capability, and long cycle life for practical applications is highly restricted by the lack of appropriate ion-conducting membranes. Promising RFB membranes should separate positive and negative species completely and conduct balancing ions smoothly. Specific systems must meet additional requirements, such as high chemical stability in corrosive electrolytes, good resistance to organic solvents in nonaqueous systems, and excellent mechanical strength and flexibility. These rigorous requirements put high demands on the membrane design, essentially the chemistry and microstructure associated with ion transport channels. In this Review, we summarize the design rationale of recently reported RFB membranes at the molecular level, with an emphasis on new chemistry, novel microstructures, and innovative fabrication strategies. Future challenges and potential research opportunities within this field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineer Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Leyuan Zhang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Yuyue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineer Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Sangshan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineer Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Guihua Yu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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14
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15
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Liu X, Zhang H, Duan Y, Yuan Z, Li X. Effect of Electrolyte Additives on the Water Transfer Behavior for Alkaline Zinc-Iron Flow Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:51573-51580. [PMID: 33156620 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Alkaline zinc-iron flow batteries (AZIFBs) are a very promising candidate for electrochemical energy storage. The electrolyte plays an important role in determining the energy density and reliability of a battery. The substantial water migration through a membrane during cycling is one of the critical issues that affect the reliability and performance of an AZIFB. In this work, it has been proven that the reason for water migration in AZIFBs is the synergetic effect of concentration gradient, different ionic strengths of negolyte and posolyte, and the electric field. To address the issue of water migration in AZIFBs, a series of additives are employed and the effects of additives on the water transfer behavior and electrochemical performance of AZIFBs are investigated in detail. The results indicate that all investigated additives can suppress water migration through a polybenzimidazole membrane because of the shrunken gap of osmotic pressure and ionic strength between negolyte and posolyte. Moreover, organic additives such as glucose can decrease battery performance because of the increased polarizability of the electrode, whereas inorganic additives such as Na2SO4 demonstrate no distinct effect on battery performance. Specifically, an AZIFB that employs Na2SO4 as an additive in the negative electrolyte can afford a Coulombic efficiency of ∼99% and a voltage efficiency of ∼88% for 120 cycles at 80 mA cm-2, together with a good effect for inhibiting water migration behavior. This paper presents an effective way to suppress water migration and increase the reliability of AZIFBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Liu
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huamin Zhang
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yinqi Duan
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhizhang Yuan
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xianfeng Li
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
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16
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Sun S, Chen Q, Song Q. Formation and phase evolution of calcium phosphates modulated by ion exchange ionomer Nafion. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01108h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The phase transition of calcium phosphates regulated by Nafion with the inherent acidity and ion exchange features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuquan Sun
- International Research Center for Photoresponsive Molecules and Materials
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P.R.China
| | - Qixuan Chen
- International Research Center for Photoresponsive Molecules and Materials
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P.R.China
| | - Qijun Song
- International Research Center for Photoresponsive Molecules and Materials
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P.R.China
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17
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Yuan Z, Yin Y, Xie C, Zhang H, Yao Y, Li X. Advanced Materials for Zinc-Based Flow Battery: Development and Challenge. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1902025. [PMID: 31475411 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Zinc-based flow batteries (ZFBs) are well suitable for stationary energy storage applications because of their high energy density and low-cost advantages. Nevertheless, their wide application is still confronted with challenges, which are mainly from advanced materials. Therefore, research on advanced materials for ZFBs in terms of electrodes, membranes, and electrolytes as well as their chemistries are of the utmost importance. Herein, the focus is on the scientific understandings of the fundamental design of these advanced materials and their chemistries in relation to the battery performance. The principles of using different materials in different ZFB technologies, the functions and structure of the materials, and further material improvements are discussed in detail. Finally, the challenges and prospects of ZFBs are summarized as well. This review provides valuable instruction on how to design and develop new materials as well as new chemistries for ZFBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhang Yuan
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Yanbin Yin
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Congxin Xie
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Huamin Zhang
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Yan Yao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Xianfeng Li
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
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18
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Weng GM, Li CYV, Chan KY. Exploring the ionic interfaces of three-electrolyte pH differential power sources. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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