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Kalutantirige FC, He J, Yao L, Cotty S, Zhou S, Smith JW, Tajkhorshid E, Schroeder CM, Moore JS, An H, Su X, Li Y, Chen Q. Beyond nothingness in the formation and functional relevance of voids in polymer films. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2852. [PMID: 38605028 PMCID: PMC11009415 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46584-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Voids-the nothingness-broadly exist within nanomaterials and impact properties ranging from catalysis to mechanical response. However, understanding nanovoids is challenging due to lack of imaging methods with the needed penetration depth and spatial resolution. Here, we integrate electron tomography, morphometry, graph theory and coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation to study the formation of interconnected nanovoids in polymer films and their impacts on permeance and nanomechanical behaviour. Using polyamide membranes for molecular separation as a representative system, three-dimensional electron tomography at nanometre resolution reveals nanovoid formation from coalescence of oligomers, supported by coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. Void analysis provides otherwise inaccessible inputs for accurate fittings of methanol permeance for polyamide membranes. Three-dimensional structural graphs accounting for the tortuous nanovoids within, measure higher apparent moduli with polyamide membranes of higher graph rigidity. Our study elucidates the significance of nanovoids beyond the nothingness, impacting the synthesis‒morphology‒function relationships of complex nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jinlong He
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Lehan Yao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Stephen Cotty
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Shan Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - John W Smith
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Emad Tajkhorshid
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- NIH Resource for Macromolecular Modelling and Visualization, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Charles M Schroeder
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Moore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Hyosung An
- Department of Petrochemical Materials Engineering, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Jeollanam-do, 59631, South Korea
| | - Xiao Su
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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2
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Xin JH, Fan HY, Guo BB, Yang HC, Zhu CY, Zhang C, Xu ZK. Interfacial polymerization at unconventional interfaces: an emerging strategy to tailor thin-film composite membranes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13258-13271. [PMID: 37869905 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04171a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Interfacial polymerization is a well-known process to synthesize separation layers for thin film composite membranes at an immiscible organic liquid-aqueous liquid interface. The organic-aqueous interface determines the diffusion dynamics of monomers and the chemical environment for polymerization, exerting a critical influence on the formation of polymer thin films. This review summarizes recent advances in tailoring interfacial polymerization using interfaces beyond the conventional alkane-water interface to achieve high-performance separation films with designed structures. Diverse liquid-liquid interfaces are introduced for synthesizing separation films by adding co-solvents into the organic phase and/or the aqueous phase, respectively, or by replacing one of the liquid phases with other solvents. Innovative liquid-gel and liquid-gas interfaces are then summarized for the synthesis of polymer thin films for separation. Novel strategies to form reaction interfaces, such as spray-coating, are also presented and discussed. In addition, we discuss the details of how a physically or chemically patterned substrate affects interfacial polymerization. Finally, the potential of unconventional interfaces in interfacial polymerization is forecast with both challenges and opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hui Xin
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment, and Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hong-Yu Fan
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment, and Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Bian-Bian Guo
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment, and Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hao-Cheng Yang
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment, and Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Cheng-Ye Zhu
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment, and Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment, and Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhi-Kang Xu
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment, and Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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3
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Xu GR, An ZH, Min-Wang, Ke-Xu, Zhao HL, Liu Q. Polyamide Layer Modulation for PA-TFC Membranes Optimization: Developments, Mechanisms, and Implications. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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4
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Nulens I, Peters R, Verbeke R, Davenport DM, Van Goethem C, De Ketelaere B, Goos P, Agrawal KV, Vankelecom IF. MPD and TMC supply as parameters to describe the synthesis-morphology-performance relationship of polyamide thin film composite membranes. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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5
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Zuo HR, Pang SY, Duan M, Su W, Shu H, Xu XF. Quantitatively relating the structural performance of polyamide layer with skin layer modified via in-situ precipitation. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Zheng D, Hua D, Cheng X, Pan J, Ibrahim A, Hua H, Zhang P, Cha X, Xu K, Zhan G. Polyamide Composite Membranes for Enhanced
OSN
Performance by Metal Ions Assisted Interfacial Polymerization Method. AIChE J 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dayuan Zheng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Integrated Nanocatalysts Institute (INCI), Huaqiao University 668 Jimei Avenue Xiamen Fujian P. R. China
| | - Dan Hua
- College of Chemical Engineering, Integrated Nanocatalysts Institute (INCI), Huaqiao University 668 Jimei Avenue Xiamen Fujian P. R. China
| | - Xi Cheng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Integrated Nanocatalysts Institute (INCI), Huaqiao University 668 Jimei Avenue Xiamen Fujian P. R. China
| | - Junyang Pan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Integrated Nanocatalysts Institute (INCI), Huaqiao University 668 Jimei Avenue Xiamen Fujian P. R. China
| | - Abdul‐Rauf Ibrahim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Tamale Technical University Education Ridge Avenue, Sagnarigu District Tamale Ghana
| | - Haiming Hua
- College of Energy & School of Energy Research Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of Energy & School of Energy Research Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian P. R. China
| | - Xingwen Cha
- College of Chemical Engineering, Integrated Nanocatalysts Institute (INCI), Huaqiao University 668 Jimei Avenue Xiamen Fujian P. R. China
| | - Kaiji Xu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Integrated Nanocatalysts Institute (INCI), Huaqiao University 668 Jimei Avenue Xiamen Fujian P. R. China
| | - Guowu Zhan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Integrated Nanocatalysts Institute (INCI), Huaqiao University 668 Jimei Avenue Xiamen Fujian P. R. China
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7
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Hu D, Ren X, Fu H, Wang Y, Feng X, Li H. Constructing highly rough skin layer of thin film (nano)composite polyamide membranes to enhance separation performance: A review. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry and Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing P. R. China
| | - Xiaomin Ren
- Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry and Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing P. R. China
| | - Hongyan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry and Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing P. R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry and Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing P. R. China
| | - Xudong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry and Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing P. R. China
| | - Hehe Li
- Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry and Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing P. R. China
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8
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Re-thinking polyamide thin film formation: How does interfacial destabilization dictate film morphology? J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Wei X, Xu X, Huang J, Wang Z, Li H, Shao F, Guo Z, Zhou Q, Chen J, Pan B. Optimizing the surface properties of nanofiltration membrane by tailoring the diffusion coefficient of amine monomer. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Zhang T, Fu RY, Wang KP, Gao YW, Li HR, Wang XM, Xie YF, Hou L. Effect of synthesis conditions on the non-uniformity of nanofiltration membrane pore size distribution. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Investigation of aqueous and organic co-solvents roles in fabricating seawater reverse osmosis membrane. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.120187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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12
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An H, Smith JW, Ji B, Cotty S, Zhou S, Yao L, Kalutantirige FC, Chen W, Ou Z, Su X, Feng J, Chen Q. Mechanism and performance relevance of nanomorphogenesis in polyamide films revealed by quantitative 3D imaging and machine learning. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabk1888. [PMID: 35196079 PMCID: PMC8865778 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abk1888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biological morphogenesis has inspired many efficient strategies to diversify material structure and functionality using a fixed set of components. However, implementation of morphogenesis concepts to design soft nanomaterials is underexplored. Here, we study nanomorphogenesis in the form of the three-dimensional (3D) crumpling of polyamide membranes used for commercial molecular separation, through an unprecedented integration of electron tomography, reaction-diffusion theory, machine learning (ML), and liquid-phase atomic force microscopy. 3D tomograms show that the spatial arrangement of crumples scales with monomer concentrations in a form quantitatively consistent with a Turing instability. Membrane microenvironments quantified from the nanomorphologies of crumples are combined with the Spiegler-Kedem model to accurately predict methanol permeance. ML classifies vastly heterogeneous crumples into just four morphology groups, exhibiting distinct mechanical properties. Our work forges quantitative links between synthesis and performance in polymer thin films, which can be applicable to diverse soft nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyosung An
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - John W. Smith
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Bingqiang Ji
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Stephen Cotty
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Shan Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Lehan Yao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Wenxiang Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Zihao Ou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Xiao Su
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jie Feng
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
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13
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Preparation of advanced reverse osmosis membrane by a wettability-transformable interlayer combining with N-acyl imidazole chemistry. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.120085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Wang Z, Liang S, Kang Y, Zhao W, Xia Y, Yang J, Wang H, Zhang X. Manipulating interfacial polymerization for polymeric nanofilms of composite separation membranes. Prog Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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Fabrication of thin-film composite membranes for organic solvent nanofiltration by mixed monomeric polymerization on ionic liquid/water interfaces. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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17
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Zhu J, Yuan S, Wang J, Zhang Y, Tian M, Van der Bruggen B. Microporous organic polymer-based membranes for ultrafast molecular separations. Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2020.101308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Hou J, Jiang M, He X, Liu P, Long C, Yu L, Huang Z, Huang J, Li L, Tang Z. Sub‐10 nm Polyamide Nanofiltration Membrane for Molecular Separation. Chem Asian J 2019; 15:2341-2345. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Hou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Meihuizi Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Xiao He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Pengchao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Chang Long
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Lian Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Jin Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function ManufacturingSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouthwest University Chongqing 400715 P. R. China
| | - Lianshan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 P. R. China
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