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Verdú N, Molina JM. Synergistic energy-efficient capture of VOCs and metal-free catalytic conversion using magneto-inductive Guefoams: Proof-of-concept in n-hexane-enriched nitrogen streams. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 475:134872. [PMID: 38878432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Addressing contemporary environmental and health concerns requires reducing pollutant emissions and converting them into less harmful or valuable compounds within the framework of the circular economy. Guefoam materials offer a promising solution by enabling the capture and pre-concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), while facilitating the structuring of active phases for heterogeneous catalytic conversions. This study demonstrates the benefits of merging two newly designed electromagnetic induction-assisted ceramic matrix Guefoams into a portable integrated unit, synergizing the pre-concentration and chemical transformation of n-hexane, a VOC with special challenges. One Guefoam serves as an adsorbent, whereas the other plays a catalytic role. These Guefoams host guest phases, which consist of composite materials combining a steel core with magneto-inductive properties encased in a highly porous carbonaceous layer. This carbonaceous material undertakes a dual mission: adsorbing n-hexane from a nitrogen stream within the adsorptive Guefoam and, upon phosphorus doping in the catalytic Guefoam, orchestrating the metal-free selective dehydroaromatization of n-hexane into benzene. The design and integration of these novel Guefoam materials into a unified functional entity prove highly effective in pre-concentrating (enrichment factors up to 275) and catalyzing n-hexane with up to 84 % conversion and 94 % benzene selectivity while remaining energy-efficient and environmentally sustainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Verdú
- University Materials Institute of Alicante, University of Alicante, Ap. 99, Alicante E-03690, Spain
| | - J M Molina
- University Materials Institute of Alicante, University of Alicante, Ap. 99, Alicante E-03690, Spain; Inorganic Chemistry Department, University of Alicante, Ap. 99, Alicante E-03690, Spain.
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Carbon Black/Polyvinylidene Fluoride Nanocomposite Membranes for Direct Solar Distillation. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15030740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Water reclamation is becoming a growing need, in particular in developing countries where harvesting the required energy can be a challenging problem. In this context, exploiting solar energy in a specifically tailored membrane distillation (MD) process can be a viable solution. Traditional MD guarantees a complete retention of non-volatile compounds and does not require high feed water temperatures. In this work, a suitable amount of carbon black (CB) was incorporated into the whole matrix of a polymeric porous membrane in order to absorb light and directly heat the feed. The mixed matrix membranes were prepared forming a uniform CB dispersion in the PVDF dope solution and then using a non-solvent induced phase separation process, which is a well-established technique for membrane manufacturing. CB addition was found to be beneficial on both the membrane structure, as it increased the pore size and porosity, and on the photothermal properties of the matrix. In fact, temperatures as high as 60 °C were reached on the irradiated membrane surface. These improvements led to satisfactory distillate flux (up to 2.3 L/m2h) during the direct solar membrane distillation tests performed with artificial light sources and make this membrane type a promising candidate for practical applications in the field of water purification.
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El-badawy T, Othman MHD, Matsuura T, Bilad MR, Adam MR, Tai ZS, Ravi J, Ismail A, Rahman MA, Jaafar J, Usman J, Kurniawan TA. Progress in treatment of oilfield produced water using membrane distillation and potentials for beneficial re-use. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Mustakeem M, Qamar A, Alpatova A, Ghaffour N. Dead-end membrane distillation with localized interfacial heating for sustainable and energy-efficient desalination. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 189:116584. [PMID: 33161326 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Membrane distillation (MD) has the high potential to circumvent conventional desalination limitations in treating highly saline brines. However, the performance of MD is limited by its low thermal efficiencyand temperature polarization (TP) effect. Consequently, the driving force decreases when heat loss increases.In this study, we propose to minimize TP through localized heating where the thin feed channel was heated uniformly at the membrane-liquid interface without changing the properties of the membrane.This concept was further improved by implementing a new dead-end MD configuration. Investigated for the first time,this configuration eliminated circulation heat losses, which cannot be realized in conventional MD due to a rapid temperature stratification. In addition, the accumulation of foulants on the membrane surface was successfully controlled by intermittent flushing. 3-Dimensional conjugate heat transfer modeling revealedmore uniform heat transfer and temperature gradient across the membrane due to the increased feed water temperature over a larger membrane area. The increase of water vapor flux (45%) and the reduction of heat lossobserved in the new dead-end concept led to a decrease of the specific energy consumption by 57%, corresponding to a gain output ratio increase of about 132 %, compared to a conventional bulk heating, while preserving membrane integrity. A conjugate heat transfer model was deployed in ANSYS-Fluent framework to elucidate on the mechanism of flux enhancement associated with the proposed technique. This study provides a framework for future sustainable MD developmentby maintaining a stable vapor flux while minimizing energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustakeem Mustakeem
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adnan Qamar
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alla Alpatova
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noreddine Ghaffour
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
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Zuo K, Wang W, Deshmukh A, Jia S, Guo H, Xin R, Elimelech M, Ajayan PM, Lou J, Li Q. Multifunctional nanocoated membranes for high-rate electrothermal desalination of hypersaline waters. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 15:1025-1032. [PMID: 33106641 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-020-00777-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Surface heating membrane distillation overcomes several limitations inherent in conventional membrane distillation technology. Here we report a successful effort to grow in situ a hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) nanocoating on a stainless-steel wire cloth (hBN-SSWC), and its application as a scalable electrothermal heating material in surface heating membrane distillation. The novel hBN-SSWC provides superior vapour permeability, thermal conductivity, electrical insulation and anticorrosion properties, all of which are critical for the long-term surface heating membrane distillation performance, particularly with hypersaline solutions. By simply attaching hBN-SSWC to a commercial membrane and providing power with an a.c. supply at household frequency, we demonstrate that hBN-SSWC is able to support an ultrahigh power intensity (50 kW m-2) to desalinate hypersaline solutions with exceptionally high water flux (and throughput), single-pass water recovery and heat utilization efficiency while maintaining excellent material stability. We also demonstrate the exceptional performance of hBN-SSWC in a scalable and compact spiral-wound electrothermal membrane distillation module.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuichang Zuo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- NSF Nanosystems Engineering Research Center Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment (NEWT), Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Weipeng Wang
- NSF Nanosystems Engineering Research Center Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment (NEWT), Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Akshay Deshmukh
- NSF Nanosystems Engineering Research Center Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment (NEWT), Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Shuai Jia
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ruikun Xin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- NSF Nanosystems Engineering Research Center Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment (NEWT), Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Menachem Elimelech
- NSF Nanosystems Engineering Research Center Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment (NEWT), Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- NSF Nanosystems Engineering Research Center Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment (NEWT), Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Jun Lou
- NSF Nanosystems Engineering Research Center Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment (NEWT), Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Qilin Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
- NSF Nanosystems Engineering Research Center Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment (NEWT), Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
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