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Li Y, Liu J, Qu R, Suo H, Sun M, Qin Y. Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials: Tailoring Carbon Dioxide-Based Polycarbonate with POSS-SH Crosslinking. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:983. [PMID: 38611241 PMCID: PMC11013663 DOI: 10.3390/polym16070983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A novel functional polycarbonate (PAGC), characterized by the presence of double bonds within its side chain, was successfully synthesized through a ternary copolymerization of propylene oxide (PO), allyl glycidyl ether (AGE), and carbon dioxide (CO2). Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes octamercaptopropyl (POSS-SH) was employed as a crosslinking agent, contributing to the formation of organic-inorganic hybrid materials. This incorporation was facilitated through thiol-ene click reactions, enabling effective interactions between the POSS molecules and the double bonds in the side chains of the polycarbonate. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed a homogeneous distribution of silicon (Si) and sulfur (S) in the polycarbonate matrix. The thiol-ene click reaction between POSS-SH and the polycarbonate led to a micro-crosslinked structure. This enhancement significantly increased the tensile strength of the polycarbonate to 42 MPa, a notable improvement over traditional poly (propylene carbonate) (PPC). Moreover, the cross-linked structure exhibited enhanced solvent resistance, expanding the potential applications of these polycarbonates in various plastic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Jianyu Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.L.); (J.L.)
- Institute of Materials, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Rui Qu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.L.); (J.L.)
- Institute of Materials, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Hongyi Suo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.L.); (J.L.)
- Institute of Materials, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Miao Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.L.); (J.L.)
- Institute of Materials, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yusheng Qin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.L.); (J.L.)
- Institute of Materials, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
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Estrada-Osorio DV, Escalona-Villalpando RA, Gurrola MP, Chaparro-Sánchez R, Rodríguez-Morales JA, Arriaga LG, Ledesma-García J. Abiotic, Hybrid, and Biological Electrocatalytic Materials Applied in Microfluidic Fuel Cells: A Comprehensive Review. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2024; 4:25-41. [PMID: 38404496 PMCID: PMC10885332 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.3c00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
This article provides an overview of the work reported in the past decade in the field of microfluidic fuel cells. To develop appropriate research, the most commonly used electrocatalytic materials were considered and a new classification was proposed based on their nature: abiotic, hybrid, or biological. This classification allowed the authors to discern the information collected. In this sense, the types of electrocatalysts used for the oxidation of the most common fuels in different environments, such as glucose, ethanol, methanol, glycerol, and lactate, were presented. There are several phenomena presented in this article. This information gives an overview of where research is heading in the field of materials for electrocatalysis, regardless of the fuel used in the microfluidic fuel cell: the synthesis of abiotic and biological materials to obtain hybrid materials that allow the use of the best properties of each material.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. V. Estrada-Osorio
- División
de Investigación y Posgrado, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro 76010, México
| | - Ricardo A. Escalona-Villalpando
- División
de Investigación y Posgrado, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro 76010, México
| | - M. P. Gurrola
- CONACYT-Tecnológico
Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Chetumal, Avenida Insurgentes 330, Chetumal, Quintana Roo 77013, México
- Tecnológico
Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Chetumal, Avenida Insurgentes 330, Chetumal, Quintana Roo 77013, México
| | - Ricardo Chaparro-Sánchez
- Facultad
de Informática, Universidad Autónoma
de Querétaro, Santiago de
Querétaro, Querétaro 76010, México
| | - J. A. Rodríguez-Morales
- División
de Investigación y Posgrado, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro 76010, México
| | - L. G. Arriaga
- Centro
de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquímica, Pedro Escobedo, Querétaro 76703, México
| | - J. Ledesma-García
- División
de Investigación y Posgrado, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro 76010, México
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Ng WW, Thiam HS, Pang YL, Lim YS, Wong J. Self-healable Nafion-poly(vinyl alcohol)/phosphotungstic acid proton exchange membrane prepared by freezing–thawing method for direct methanol fuel cell. J Solid State Electrochem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-023-05446-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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Xu Z, Yuan S, An L, Shen S, Xu Q, Yan X, Zhang J. Effect of Substrate Surface Charges on Proton Conduction of Ultrathin Nafion Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:10735-10743. [PMID: 36802482 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A potential approach to enhance the suppressed proton conductivity of nanoscale ultrathin Nafion films is to adjust the ionomer structure via regulating the catalyst-ionomer interaction. To understand the interaction between substrate surface charges and Nafion molecules, self-assembled ultrathin films (∼20 nm) were prepared on the SiO2 model substrates, which were modified with silane coupling agents to carry either negative (COO-) or positive (NH3+) charges. Specifically, the surface energy, phase separation, and proton conductivity were investigated by contact angle measurements, atomic force microscopy, and microelectrodes to illuminate the relationship between the substrate surface charge, thin-film nanostructure, and proton conduction. Compared to electrically neutral substrates, ultrathin films formed faster on the negatively charged substrate with an 83% increase in proton conductivity but formed more slowly on the positively charged substrate, with proton conductivity decreased by 35% at 50 °C. The surface charges interact with sulfonic acid groups of Nafion molecules to alter molecular orientation, resulting in different surface energies and phase separation, which are responsible for proton conductivity variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiling Xu
- Institute of Fuel Cells, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shu Yuan
- Institute of Fuel Cells, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lu An
- Institute of Fuel Cells, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shuiyun Shen
- Institute of Fuel Cells, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, Shanghai 200240, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Power Machinery and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaohui Yan
- Institute of Fuel Cells, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, Shanghai 200240, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Power Machinery and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Junliang Zhang
- Institute of Fuel Cells, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, Shanghai 200240, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Power Machinery and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, Shanghai 200240, China
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Wu J, Wang F, Fan X, Chu J, Cheng F, Hu F, Liu H, Zhang Q, Xu Z, Gong C. Phosphoric acid-doped Gemini quaternary ammonium-grafted SPEEK membranes with superhigh proton conductivity and mechanical strength for direct methanol fuel cells. J Memb Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Mensharapov RM, Ivanova NA, Spasov DD, Grigoriev SA, Fateev VN. SAXS Investigation of the Effect of Freeze/Thaw Cycles on the Nanostructure of Nafion® Membranes. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204395. [PMID: 36297973 PMCID: PMC9607153 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we performed small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to investigate the structure of Nafion® membranes. The effect of freeze/thaw (F/T) cycles (from ambient temperature down to −40 °C) on the membrane nanostructure was considered for the first time. The SAXS measurements were taken for different samples: a commercial Nafion® 212 membrane swollen in water and methanol solution, and a water-swollen silica-modified membrane. The membrane structure parameters were obtained from the measured SAXS profiles using a model-dependent approach. It is shown that the average radius of water channels (Rwc) decreases during F/T cycles due to changes in the membrane structure as a result of ice formation in the pore volume after freezing. The use of water-methanol solution (methanol content of 20 vol.%) for the membrane soaking prevents changes in the membrane structure during F/T cycles compared to the water-swollen membrane. Modification of the membrane surface with silica (SiO2 content of 20 wt.%) led to a redistribution of water in the membrane volume and resulted in a decrease in Rwc. However, Rwc for the modified membrane did not decrease with the increasing number of F/T cycles due to the involvement of SiO2 in the sorption of membrane water and, therefore, the prevention of ice formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan M. Mensharapov
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Akademika Kurchatova sq., 123182 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Nataliya A. Ivanova
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Akademika Kurchatova sq., 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry D. Spasov
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Akademika Kurchatova sq., 123182 Moscow, Russia
- National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, 14, Krasnokazarmennaya st., 111250 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Grigoriev
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Akademika Kurchatova sq., 123182 Moscow, Russia
- National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, 14, Krasnokazarmennaya st., 111250 Moscow, Russia
- HySA Infrastructure Center of Competence, Faculty of Engineering, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa
| | - Vladimir N. Fateev
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Akademika Kurchatova sq., 123182 Moscow, Russia
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Tinh VDC, Thuc VD, Jeon Y, Gu GY, Kim D. Highly durable poly(arylene piperidinium) composite membranes modified with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane for fuel cell and water electrolysis application. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Quaternary ammonium-biphosphate ion-pair based copolymers with continuous H+ transport channels for high-temperature proton exchange membrane. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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9
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Charged nanochannels endow COF membrane with weakly concentration-dependent methanol permeability. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.120186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Wang Z, Ren J, Sun Y, Wang L, Fan Y, Zheng J, Qian H, Li S, Xu J, Zhang S. Fluorinated strategy of node structure of Zr-based MOF for construction of high-performance composite polymer electrolyte membranes. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.120193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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An H, Zhang R, Li W, Li P, Qian H, Yang H. Surface-Modified Approach to Fabricate Nafion Membranes Covalently Bonded with Polyhedral Oligosilsesquioxane for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:7845-7855. [PMID: 35104405 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
An aminopropyl isobutyl polyhedral oligosilsesquioxane (NH2-POSS) surface-modified Nafion membrane has been designed by chemical grafting for vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). NH2-POSS is a cage-like macromer consisting of an inorganic Si8O12 core surrounded by seven inert isobutyl groups and one active aminopropyl group. The sulfonic acid groups on the surface of Nafion can be activated by 1,1-carbonyldiimidazole for further modification with NH2-POSS. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) prove that NH2-POSS has been successfully grafted on the surface of a Nafion 115 membrane. Although the proton conductivity decreases slightly, the organic-inorganic hybrid membranes display enhanced ion selectivity and excellent dimensional stability with lower water uptake and swelling ratio than Nafion 115. Moreover, two-dimensional-grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (2D-GIXRD) reveals that the introduction of NH2-POSS forms a POSS layer on the surface of the membrane and narrows the space of Nafion clusters, which helps to block VO2+ permeation. A VRFB with the surface-modified Nafion membrane displays an outstanding performance with an average Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 98.7% and energy efficiency (EE) of 84.5% at a current density of 80 mA cm-2, superior to those of the Nafion 115 membrane (CE = 95.7%, EE = 81.7%). Furthermore, the cell holds a high capacity retention of 49.2% after 1000 charge-discharge cycles, in contrast to that of 41.9% for the cell with Nafion 115 after only 200 cycles. The results suggest that the surface-modified hybrid membrane is a promising strategy to overcome the vanadium ion crossover in VRFBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli An
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Run Zhang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenhao Li
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Pan Li
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Huidong Qian
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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