1
|
Abeysekera I, Bosire R, Masese FK, Ndaya D, Kasi RM. Ionic nanoporous membranes from self-assembled liquid crystalline brush-like imidazolium triblock copolymers. SOFT MATTER 2024. [PMID: 39150444 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00449c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
There is a need to generate mechanically and thermally robust ionic nanoporous membranes for separation and fuel cell applications. Herein, we report a general approach to the preparation of ionic nanoporous membranes through custom synthesis, self-assembly, and subsequent chemical manipulations of ionic brush block copolymers. We synthesized polynorbornene-based triblock copolymers containing imidazolium cations balanced by counter anions in the central block, side-chain liquid crystalline units, and sidechain polylactide end blocks. This unique platform comprises: (1) imidazolium/bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI) as the middle block, which has an excellent ion-exchange ability, (2) cyanobiphenyl liquid crystalline end block, a sterically hindered hydrophobic segment, which is chemically stable and immune to hydroxide attack, (3) polylactide brush-like units on the other end block that is easily etched under mild alkaline conditions and (4) a polynorbornene backbone, a lightly crosslinked system that offers mechanical robustness. These membranes retain their morphology before and after backbone crosslinking as well as etching of polylactide sidechains. The ion exchange performance and dimensional stability of these membranes were investigated by water uptake capability and swelling ratio. Moreover, the length of the carbon spacer in the imidazolium/TFSI central block moiety endowed the membrane with improved ionic conductivity. The ionic nanoporous materials are unusual due to their singular thermal, mechanical, alkaline stability and ion transport properties. Applications of these materials include electrochemical actuators, solid-state ionic nanochannel biosensors, and ion-conducting membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iyomali Abeysekera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Reuben Bosire
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Francis K Masese
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Dennis Ndaya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
- Polymer Program, Institute of Material Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Rajeswari M Kasi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
- Polymer Program, Institute of Material Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lee JH, Kim DH, Kang MS. Surface-Modified Pore-Filled Anion-Exchange Membranes for Efficient Energy Harvesting via Reverse Electrodialysis. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:894. [PMID: 38132899 PMCID: PMC10744693 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13120894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
In this study, novel pore-filled anion-exchange membranes (PFAEMs) modified with polypyrrole (PPy) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) were developed to improve the energy harvesting performance of reverse electrodialysis (RED). The surface-modified PFAEMs were fabricated by varying the contents of PPy and rGO through simple spin coating and chemical/thermal treatments. It was confirmed that the PPy and PPy/rGO layers introduced on the membrane surface did not significantly increase the electrical resistance of the membrane and could effectively control surface characteristics, such as structural tightness, hydrophilicity, and electrostatic repulsion. The PPy/rGO-modified PFAEM showed excellent monovalent ion selectivity, more than four times higher than that of the commercial membrane (AMX, Astom Corp., Tokyo, Japan). This means that the PPy/rGO layer can effectively reduce the permeation of multivalent ions with a high charge intensity and a relatively large hydration radius compared to monovalent ions. The results of evaluating the performance of the surface-modified PFAEMs by applying them to a RED cell revealed that the decrease in potential difference occurring in the membrane was reduced by effectively suppressing the uphill transport of multivalent ions. Consequently, the PPy/rGO-modified membrane exhibited a 5.43% higher power density than the AMX membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Moon-Sung Kang
- Department of Green Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sangmyung University, Cheonan 31066, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.L.); (D.-H.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jett B, Flynn A, Sigman MS, Sanford MS. Identifying structure-function relationships to modulate crossover in nonaqueous redox flow batteries. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. A 2023; 11:22288-22294. [PMID: 38213509 PMCID: PMC10783818 DOI: 10.1039/d3ta02633g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Nonaqueous redox flow batteries (NARFBs) offer a promising solution for large-scale storage of renewable energy. However, crossover of redox active molecules between the two sides of the cell is a major factor limiting their development, as most selective separators are designed for deployment in water, rather than organic solvents. This report describes a systematic investigation of the crossover rates of redox active organic molecules through an anion exchange separator under RFB-relevant non-aqueous conditions (in acetonitrile/KPF6) using a combination of experimental and computational methods. A structurally diverse set of neutral and cationic molecules was selected, and their rates of crossover were determined experimentally with the organic solvent-compatible anion exchange separator Fumasep FAP-375-PP. The resulting data were then fit to various descriptors of molecular size, charge, and hydrophobicity (overall charge, solution diffusion coefficient, globularity, dynamic volume, dynamic surface area, clogP). This analysis resulted in multiple statistical models of crossover rates for this separator. These models were then used to predict tether groups that dramatically slow the crossover of small organic molecules in this system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brianna Jett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930N University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Autumn Flynn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Matthew S Sigman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Melanie S Sanford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930N University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tsehaye MT, Tufa RA, Berhane R, Deboli F, Gebru KA, Velizarov S. Modified Membranes for Redox Flow Batteries-A Review. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:777. [PMID: 37755199 PMCID: PMC10536688 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13090777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
In this review, the state of the art of modified membranes developed and applied for the improved performance of redox flow batteries (RFBs) is presented and critically discussed. The review begins with an introduction to the energy-storing chemical principles and the potential of using RFBs in the energy transition in industrial and transport-related sectors. Commonly used membrane modification techniques are briefly presented and compared next. The recent progress in applying modified membranes in different RFB chemistries is then critically discussed. The relationship between a given membrane modification strategy, corresponding ex situ properties and their impact on battery performance are outlined. It has been demonstrated that further dedicated studies are necessary in order to develop an optimal modification technique, since a modification generally reduces the crossover of redox-active species but, at the same time, leads to an increase in membrane electrical resistance. The feasibility of using alternative advanced modification methods, similar to those employed in water purification applications, needs yet to be evaluated. Additionally, the long-term stability and durability of the modified membranes during cycling in RFBs still must be investigated. The remaining challenges and potential solutions, as well as promising future perspectives, are finally highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Misgina Tilahun Tsehaye
- Separation and Conversion Technology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Ramato Ashu Tufa
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Calabria (DIAm-UNICAL), Via P. Bucci CUBO 44/A, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Roviel Berhane
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Calabria (DIAm-UNICAL), Via P. Bucci CUBO 44/A, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Francesco Deboli
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kibrom Alebel Gebru
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Chemie II, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Svetlozar Velizarov
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology (FCT NOVA), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kozmai A, Porozhnyy M, Ruleva V, Gorobchenko A, Pismenskaya N, Nikonenko V. Is It Possible to Prepare a "Super" Anion-Exchange Membrane by a Polypyrrole-Based Modification? MEMBRANES 2023; 13:103. [PMID: 36676909 PMCID: PMC9865286 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In spite of wide variety of commercial ion-exchange membranes, their characteristics, in particular, electrical conductivity and counterion permselectivity, are unsatisfactory for some applications, such as electrolyte solution concentration. This study is aimed at obtaining an anion-exchange membrane (AEM) of high performance in concentrated solutions. An AEM is prepared with a polypyrrole (PPy)-based modification of a heterogeneous AEM with quaternary ammonium functional groups. Concentration dependences of the conductivity, diffusion permeability and Cl− transport number in NaCl solutions are measured and simulated using a new version of the microheterogeneous model. The model describes changes in membrane swelling with increasing concentration and the effect of these changes on the transport characteristics. It is assumed that PPy occupies macro- and mesopores of the host membrane where it replaces non-selective electroneutral solution. Increasing conductivity and selectivity are explained by the presence of positively charged PPy groups. It is found that the conductivity of a freshly prepared membrane reaches 20 mS/cm and the chloride transport number > 0.99 in 4 M NaCl. A choice of input parameters allows quantitative agreement between the experimental and simulation results. However, PPy has shown itself to be an unstable material. This article discusses what parameters a membrane can have to show such exceptional characteristics.
Collapse
|
6
|
Nichka VS, Mareev SA, Apel PY, Sabbatovskiy KG, Sobolev VD, Nikonenko VV. Modeling the Conductivity and Diffusion Permeability of a Track-Etched Membrane Taking into Account a Loose Layer. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12121283. [PMID: 36557191 PMCID: PMC9786269 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12121283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The microheterogeneous model makes it possible to describe the main transport properties of ion-exchange membranes using a single set of input parameters. This paper describes an adaptation of the microheterogeneous model for describing the electrical conductivity and diffusion permeability of a track-etched membrane (TEM). Usually, the transport parameters of TEMs are evaluated assuming that ion transfer occurs through the solution filling the membrane pores, which are cylindrical and oriented normally to the membrane surface. The version of the microheterogeneous model developed in this paper takes into account the presence of a loose layer, which forms as an intermediate layer between the pore solution and the membrane bulk material during track etching. It is assumed that this layer can be considered as a "gel phase" in the framework of the microheterogeneous model due to the fixed hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, which imparts ion exchange properties to the loose layer. The qualitative and quantitative agreement between the calculated and experimental concentration dependencies of the conductivity and diffusion permeability is discussed. The role of the model input parameters is described in relation to the structural features of the membrane. In particular, the inclination of the pores relative to the surface and their narrowing in the middle part of the membrane can be important for their properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladlen S. Nichka
- Physical Chemistry Department, Membrane Institute, Kuban State University, Krasnodar 350040, Russia
| | - Semyon A. Mareev
- Physical Chemistry Department, Membrane Institute, Kuban State University, Krasnodar 350040, Russia
| | - Pavel Yu. Apel
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - Konstantin G. Sabbatovskiy
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Vladimir D. Sobolev
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Victor V. Nikonenko
- Physical Chemistry Department, Membrane Institute, Kuban State University, Krasnodar 350040, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Salmeron-Sanchez I, Asenjo-Pascual J, Avilés-Moreno JR, Ocón P. Microstructural description of ion exchange membranes: The effect of PPy-based modification. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
8
|
Jiang S, Li Q, Wang F, Wang Z, Cao X, Shen X, Yao Z. Highly effective and sustainable antibacterial membranes synthesized using biodegradable polymers. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:133106. [PMID: 34848235 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In order to reduce foodborne diseases caused by bacterial infections, antibacterial membranes have received increasing research interests in recent years. In this study, highly effective antibacterial membranes were prepared using biodegradable polymers, including polylactic acid (PLA), polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The cation exchange property of CMC was utilized to introduce silver to prepare antibacterial materials. The presence of silver in the membranes was confirmed by EDS mapping, and the reduction of silver ions to metallic silver was confirmed by the Ag3d XPS spectrum which displayed peaks at 374.46 eV and 368.45 eV, revealing that the oxidation state of silver changed to zero. Two common pathogenic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli), were used to investigate the antibacterial performance of the prepared membranes. Zone of inhibition and bacteria-killing tests revealed that the antibacterial membranes were efficient in inhibiting the growth of bacteria (diameters of inhibition zone ranged from 16 mm to 19 mm for fresh membranes) and capable of killing 100% of bacteria under suitable conditions. Furthermore, after 6 cycles of continuous zone of inhibition tests, the membranes still showed noticeable antibacterial activities, which disclosed the sustainable antibacterial properties of the membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanxue Jiang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Qirun Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Fang Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Zeru Wang
- School of System Design and Intelligent Manufacturing, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xinyue Cao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xianbao Shen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Zhiliang Yao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| |
Collapse
|