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Valentín-Pérez Á, Rosa P, Hillard EA, Giorgi M. Chirality determination in crystals. Chirality 2021; 34:163-181. [PMID: 34766388 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This tutorial review article discusses chirality determination in the solid state, both in single crystals and in crystal assemblies, with an emphasis on X-ray diffraction. The main principles of using X-ray diffraction to reliably determine absolute structure are summarized, and the complexity which can be encountered in chiral structures-kryptoracemates, scalemates, and inversion twinning-is illustrated with examples from our laboratories and the literature. We then address the problem of the bulk crystallization and discuss different techniques to determine chirality in a large assembly of crystal structures, with a special prominence given to an X-ray natural circular dichroism mapping technique that we recently reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick Rosa
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux-INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600 Pessac, Cedex, France
| | - Elizabeth A Hillard
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux-INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600 Pessac, Cedex, France.,CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, CRPP, UMR 5031, Pessac, France
| | - Michel Giorgi
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, FSCM, Spectropole, Marseille, France
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2
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Stereoselective Crystallization of Chiral 3,4-Dimethylphenyl Glycerol Ether Complicated by Plurality of Crystalline Modifications. CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10030201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous resolution of Pasteur’s salt was historically the first way to obtain pure enantiomers from the racemate. The current increase in interest in the direct racemates resolution during crystallization is largely due to the opened prospects for the industrial application of this approach. The chiral 3-(3,4-dimethylphenoxy) propane-1,2-diol 1 is a synthetic precursor of practically useful amino alcohols, the enantiomers of which exhibit different biological effects. In this work, it was first discovered that racemic diol 1 is prone to spontaneous resolution. However, the crystallization process is complicated by the existence, along with the conglomerate, of two other crystalline forms. Using the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) approach, methods have been developed to obtain individual metastable phases, and all identified modifications ((R)-1, (R+S)-1, α-rac-1, β-rac-1) were ranked by energy. The IR spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) methods demonstrated the identity of the first two forms and their proximity to the third, while β-rac-1 is significantly different from the rest. The crystal structure of the forms (R)-1 and α-rac-1 was established by the single crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD) method. Preliminary information on the structure of β-rac-1 phase was obtained by the PXRD approach. Based on the information received, the experimental conditions for a successful direct resolution of racemic 1 into individual enantiomers by a preferential crystallization procedure were selected.
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3
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Mochida T, Sumitani R, Yamazoe T. Thermal properties, crystal structures, and phase diagrams of ionic plastic crystals and ionic liquids containing a chiral cationic sandwich complex. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:25803-25810. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04870d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Salts of a chiral ruthenium sandwich complex with various anions were synthesized and their phase diagrams were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Mochida
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Kobe University
- Hyogo 657-8501
- Japan
| | - Ryo Sumitani
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Kobe University
- Hyogo 657-8501
- Japan
| | - Tomoaki Yamazoe
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Kobe University
- Hyogo 657-8501
- Japan
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4
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Intermolecular Interactions in Functional Crystalline Materials: From Data to Knowledge. CRYSTALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst9090478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Intermolecular interactions of organic, inorganic, and organometallic compounds are the key to many composition–structure and structure–property networks. In this review, some of these relations and the tools developed by the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Center (CCDC) to analyze them and design solid forms with desired properties are described. The potential of studies supported by the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD)-Materials tools for investigation of dynamic processes in crystals, for analysis of biologically active, high energy, optical, (electro)conductive, and other functional crystalline materials, and for the prediction of novel solid forms (polymorphs, co-crystals, solvates) are discussed. Besides, some unusual applications, the potential for further development and limitations of the CCDC software are reported.
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5
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Bredikhina ZA, Kurenkov AV, Bredikhin AA. Effective synthesis of non-racemic prenalterol based on spontaneous resolution of 3-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)propane-1,2-diol. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2019.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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6
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Lodochnikova OA, Zaripova AR, Fayzullin RR, Samigullina AI, Vandyukova II, Potapova LN, Kurbangalieva AR. “Doubly enantiophobic” behavior during crystallization of racemic 1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-one thioether. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce00369f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
One racemate forms two conglomerates and no racemic compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A. Lodochnikova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry
- FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS
- Kazan 420088
- Russian Federation
- A.M. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry
| | - Aigul R. Zaripova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry
- FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS
- Kazan 420088
- Russian Federation
- A.M. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry
| | - Robert R. Fayzullin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry
- FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS
- Kazan 420088
- Russian Federation
| | - Aida I. Samigullina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry
- FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS
- Kazan 420088
- Russian Federation
| | - Irina I. Vandyukova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry
- FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS
- Kazan 420088
- Russian Federation
| | - Lubov N. Potapova
- A.M. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry
- Kazan Federal University
- Kazan 420008
- Russian Federation
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7
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Bredikhin AA, Bredikhina ZA, Antonovich OA, Zakharychev DV, Krivolapov DB. Crystallization features and spontaneous resolution of 3-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)propane-1,2-diol: The case of stable conglomerate and metastable solid solution. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.05.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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8
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Bredikhin AA, Bredikhina ZA. Stereoselective Crystallization as a Basis for Single-Enantiomer Drug Production. Chem Eng Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201600649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A. Bredikhin
- Russian Academy of Sciences; Kazan Scientific Center; A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry; Arbuzov st., 8 420088 Kazan Russia
| | - Zemfira A. Bredikhina
- Russian Academy of Sciences; Kazan Scientific Center; A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry; Arbuzov st., 8 420088 Kazan Russia
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9
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Lodochnikova OA, Kosolapova LS, Saifina AF, Gubaidullin AT, Fayzullin RR, Khamatgalimov AR, Litvinov IA, Kurbangalieva AR. Structural aspects of partial solid solution formation: two crystalline modifications of a chiral derivative of 1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-one under consideration. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce01717k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two opposite structural factors control the formation of a partial solid solution of the enantiomers of the titled compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A. Lodochnikova
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry
- Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences
- Kazan 420088
- Russian Federation
- A.M. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry
| | - Liliya S. Kosolapova
- A.M. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry
- Kazan Federal University
- Kazan 420008
- Russian Federation
| | - Alina F. Saifina
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry
- Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences
- Kazan 420088
- Russian Federation
| | - Aidar T. Gubaidullin
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry
- Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences
- Kazan 420088
- Russian Federation
| | - Robert R. Fayzullin
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry
- Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences
- Kazan 420088
- Russian Federation
| | - Ayrat R. Khamatgalimov
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry
- Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences
- Kazan 420088
- Russian Federation
| | - Igor A. Litvinov
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry
- Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences
- Kazan 420088
- Russian Federation
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10
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Kotelnikova EN, Isakov AI, Lorenz H. Non-equimolar discrete compounds in binary chiral systems of organic substances. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce02209j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
1 : 3 and 1 : 2 discrete compounds are verified in two chiral systems and discussed with respect to known cases in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena N. Kotelnikova
- Department of Crystallography
- Saint Petersburg State University
- 199034 Saint Petersburg
- Russia
| | - Anton I. Isakov
- Department of Crystallography
- Saint Petersburg State University
- 199034 Saint Petersburg
- Russia
| | - Heike Lorenz
- Max Plank Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems
- 39106 Magdeburg
- Germany
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11
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Brandel C, Cartigny Y, Coquerel G, Ter Horst JH, Petit S. Prenucleation Self-Assembly and Chiral Discrimination Mechanisms during Solution Crystallisation of Racemic Diprophylline. Chemistry 2016; 22:16103-16112. [PMID: 27667660 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The crystallisation behaviour of (RS)-diprophylline (DPL) in two different solvents is investigated to assess the incidence of solvated pre-associations on nucleation, crystal growth and chiral discrimination. In the solvated state, Raman spectroscopy shows that dimeric associations similar to those depicted in the crystalline solid solution (ssRII) predominate in isopropanol (IPA), which may account for the systematic spontaneous nucleation of this crystal form from this solvent. By contrast, spontaneous nucleation in DMF yields the stable racemic compound RI, consistently with the distinct features of the Raman spectrum collected in this solvent. A crystal growth study of ssRII in IPA reveals that the crystal habitus is impacted by the solution enantiomeric excess; this is explained by increased competition between homo- and heterochiral pre-associations. This is supported by a molecular modelling study on the enantiomeric selectivity of the DPL crystal lattices. The combination of assessment methods on solution chemistry, nucleation and chiral discrimination provides methodological tools from which the occurrence of solid solutions can be rationalised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Brandel
- Normandi Université, Laboratoire SMS-EA3233, Université de Rouen, 76821, Mont Saint Aignan Cedex, France.
| | - Yohann Cartigny
- Normandi Université, Laboratoire SMS-EA3233, Université de Rouen, 76821, Mont Saint Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Gérard Coquerel
- Normandi Université, Laboratoire SMS-EA3233, Université de Rouen, 76821, Mont Saint Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Joop H Ter Horst
- University of Strathclyde, EPSRC Centre for Innovative, Manufacturing in Continuous Manufacturing and, Crystallisation (CMAC), Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy, and Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK
| | - Samuel Petit
- Normandi Université, Laboratoire SMS-EA3233, Université de Rouen, 76821, Mont Saint Aignan Cedex, France
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12
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Bredikhina ZA, Kurenkov AV, Zakharychev DV, Krivolapov DB, Bredikhin AA. New example of spontaneous resolution among aryl glycerol ethers: 3-(2,6-dichlorophenoxy)propane-1,2-diol. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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13
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Bredikhin AA, Zakharychev DV, Fayzullin RR, Bredikhina ZA, Gubaidullin AT. Conglomerate formative precursor of chiral drug timolol: 3-(4-Morpholino-1,2,5-thiadiazol-3-yloxy)-propane-1,2-diol. J Mol Struct 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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14
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Bredikhina ZA, Kurenkov AV, Krivolapov DB, Bredikhin AA. Stereoselective crystallization of 3-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)propane-1,2-diol: preparation of the single-enantiomer drug mexiletine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Fayzullin RR, Antonovich OA, Zakharychev DV, Bredikhina ZA, Kurenkov AV, Bredikhin AA. Synthesis and some features of phase behavior of chiral p-alkoxyphenyl glycerol ethers. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428015020116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Zhang MD, Jiao Y, Li J, Chen MD. Chiral four-fold interpenetrating 2D cadmium networks based on two achiral ligands. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2015.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Solubility and Some Crystallization Properties of Conglomerate Forming Chiral Drug Guaifenesin in Water. J Pharm Sci 2014; 103:3176-82. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.24104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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18
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Bredikhina ZA, Pashagin AV, Kurenkov AV, Bredikhin AA. Synthesis of enantiomerically pure 3-aryloxy-2-hydroxypropanoic acids, intermediate products in the synthesis of cis-4-Aminochroman-3-ols. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428014040150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Lorenz H, Seidel-Morgenstern A. Processes To Separate Enantiomers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:1218-50. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201302823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 327] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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20
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21
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Gubaidullin AT, Samigullina AI, Bredikhina ZA, Bredikhin AA. Crystal structure of chiral ortho-alkyl phenyl ethers of glycerol: true racemic compound, normal, false and anomalous conglomerates within the single five-membered family. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce00519h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Bredikhin AA, Gubaidullin AT, Bredikhina ZA, Fayzullin RR, Samigullina AI, Zakharychev DV. Phase behavior and crystal structure of 3-(1-naphthyloxy)- and 3-(4-indolyloxy)-propane-1,2-diol, synthetic precursors of chiral drugs propranolol and pindolol. J Mol Struct 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2013.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Bredikhin AA, Zakharychev DV, Fayzullin RR, Antonovich OA, Pashagin AV, Bredikhina ZA. Chiral para-alkyl phenyl ethers of glycerol: synthesis and testing of chirality driven crystallization, liquid crystal, and gelating properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2013.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Craven RJ, Lencki RW. Polymorphism of Acylglycerols: A Stereochemical Perspective. Chem Rev 2013; 113:7402-20. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400212r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. John Craven
- Department of Food
Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - Robert W. Lencki
- Department of Food
Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
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25
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Bredikhin AA, Gubaidullin AT, Bredikhina ZA, Fayzullin RR. Crystallographic evidence of side-arm lariat effect in the series of chiral ortho- and para-methoxyphenoxymethyl-15-crown-5 complexes with sodium perchlorate. J Mol Struct 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2012.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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