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Lebedev VT, Kulvelis YV, Shvidchenko AV, Primachenko ON, Odinokov AS, Marinenko EA, Kuklin AI, Ivankov OI. Electrochemical Properties and Structure of Membranes from Perfluorinated Copolymers Modified with Nanodiamonds. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:850. [PMID: 37999338 PMCID: PMC10673602 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13110850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to design and research proton-conducting membranes based on Aquivion®-type material that had been modified with detonation nanodiamonds (particle size 4-5 nm, 0.25-5.0 wt. %). These nanodiamonds carried different functional groups (H, OH, COOH, F) that provided the hydrophilicity of the diamond surface with positive or negative potential, or that strengthened the hydrophobicity of the diamonds. These variations in diamond properties allowed us to find ways to improve the composite structure so as to achieve better ion conductivity. For this purpose, we prepared three series of membrane films by first casting solutions of perfluorinated Aquivion®-type copolymers with short side chains mixed with diamonds dispersed on solid substrates. Then, we removed the solvent and the membranes were structurally stabilized during thermal treatment and transformed into their final form with -SO3H ionic groups. We found that the diamonds with a hydrogen-saturated surface, with a positive charge in aqueous media, contributed to the increase in proton conductivity of membranes to a greater rate. Meanwhile, a more developed conducting diamond-copolymer interface was formed due to electrostatic attraction to the sulfonic acid groups of the copolymer than in the case of diamonds grafted with negatively charged carboxyls, similar to sulfonic groups of the copolymer. The modification of membranes with fluorinated diamonds led to a 5-fold decrease in the conductivity of the composite, even when only a fraction of diamonds of 1 wt. % were used, which was explained by the disruption in the connectivity of ion channels during the interaction of such diamonds mainly with fluorocarbon chains of the copolymer. We discussed the specifics of the mechanism of conductivity in composites with various diamonds in connection with structural data obtained in neutron scattering experiments on dry membranes, as well as ideas about the formation of cylindrical micelles with central ion channels and shells composed of hydrophobic copolymer chains. Finally, the characteristics of the network of ion channels in the composites were found depending on the type and amount of introduced diamonds, and correlations between the structure and conductivity of the membranes were established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily T. Lebedev
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 188300 Gatchina, Russia
| | - Yuri V. Kulvelis
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 188300 Gatchina, Russia
| | | | - Oleg N. Primachenko
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.N.P.); (E.A.M.)
| | - Alexei S. Odinokov
- Russian Research Center of Applied Chemistry, 193232 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Elena A. Marinenko
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.N.P.); (E.A.M.)
| | - Alexander I. Kuklin
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia; (A.I.K.); (O.I.I.)
| | - Oleksandr I. Ivankov
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia; (A.I.K.); (O.I.I.)
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Loza N, Falina I, Kutenko N, Shkirskaya S, Loza J, Kononenko N. Bilayer Heterogeneous Cation Exchange Membrane with Polyaniline Modified Homogeneous Layer: Preparation and Electrotransport Properties. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:829. [PMID: 37888001 PMCID: PMC10608705 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13100829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
A bilayer membrane based on a heterogenous cation exchange membrane with a homogeneous cation exchange layer and a polyaniline on its surface is prepared. The intercalation of polyaniline into the membrane with a homogeneous cation exchange layer is performed by oxidative polymerization of aniline. The influence of the homogeneous cation exchange layer and the polyaniline on the structure, conductivity, diffusion permeability, selectivity, and current-voltage curve of the heterogeneous cation exchange membrane is established. Membrane properties are studied in the HCl, NaCl, and CaCl2 solutions. The homogeneous cation exchange layer has a negligible effect on the transport properties of the initial heterogeneous membrane. The polyaniline synthesis leads to a decrease in the macropore volume in the membrane structure, conductivity, and diffusion permeability. The counterion transport number in the bilayer membrane is significantly reduced in a solution of calcium chloride and practically does not change in sodium chloride and hydrochloric acid. In addition, the asymmetry of the diffusion permeability and shape of current-voltage curve depending on the orientation of the membrane surface to the flux of electrolyte or counterion are found.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irina Falina
- Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry and High Technologies, Kuban State University, 350040 Krasnodar, Russia; (N.L.); (N.K.); (S.S.); (J.L.); (N.K.)
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Bilyk SA, Tverskoy VA, Chernyak AV, Avilova IA, Slesarenko NA, Volkov VI. Water Molecules' and Lithium Cations' Mobility in Sulfonated Polystyrene Studied by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:725. [PMID: 37623786 PMCID: PMC10456823 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13080725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The hydration of ions and charge groups controls electro mass transfer through ion exchange systems. The self-diffusion and local mobility of water molecules as well as lithium cations in poly (4-styrenesulfonic acid) and its lithium, sodium and cesium salts were investigated for the first time using pulsed-field gradient NMR (PFG NMR) and NMR relaxation techniques. The temperature dependences of the water molecule and Li+ cation self-diffusion coefficients exhibited increasing self-diffusion activation energy in temperature regions below 0 °C, which is not due to the freezing of parts of the water. The self-diffusion coefficients of water molecules and lithium cations, as measured using PFG NMR, are in good agreement with the self-diffusion coefficients calculated based on Einstein's equation using correlation times obtained from spin-lattice relaxation data. It was shown that macroscopic water molecules' and lithium cations' transfer is controlled by local particles jumping between neighboring sulfonated groups. These results are similar to the behavior of water and cations in sulfonic cation exchanger membranes and resins. It was concluded that polystyrenesulfonic acid is appropriate model of the ionogenic part of membranes based on this polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stepan A. Bilyk
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (S.A.B.); (A.V.C.); (I.A.A.); (N.A.S.)
- Faculty of Fundamental Physical and Chemical Engineering, Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Tverskoy
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA—Russian Technological University, 119454 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexander V. Chernyak
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (S.A.B.); (A.V.C.); (I.A.A.); (N.A.S.)
- Scientific Center in Chernogolovka, Institute of Solid State Physics Named Yu. A. Osipyan RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Irina A. Avilova
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (S.A.B.); (A.V.C.); (I.A.A.); (N.A.S.)
| | - Nikita A. Slesarenko
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (S.A.B.); (A.V.C.); (I.A.A.); (N.A.S.)
| | - Vitaly I. Volkov
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (S.A.B.); (A.V.C.); (I.A.A.); (N.A.S.)
- Scientific Center in Chernogolovka, Institute of Solid State Physics Named Yu. A. Osipyan RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
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Volkov VI, Slesarenko NA, Chernyak AV, Avilova IA, Tarasov VP. Hydration and Mobility of Alkaline Metal Cations in Sulfonic Cation Exchange Membranes. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:membranes13050518. [PMID: 37233579 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13050518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The interconnection of ionogenic channel structure, cation hydration, water and ionic translational mobility was revealed in Nafion and MSC membranes based on polyethylene and grafted sulfonated polystyrene. A local mobility of Li+, Na+ and Cs+ cations and water molecules was estimated via the 1H, 7Li, 23Na and 133Cs spin relaxation technique. The calculated cation and water molecule self-diffusion coefficients were compared with experimental values measured using pulsed field gradient NMR. It was shown that macroscopic mass transfer is controlled by molecule and ion motion near sulfonate groups. Lithium and sodium cations whose hydrated energy is higher than water hydrogen bond energy move together with water molecules. Cesium cations in possession of low hydrated energy are directly jumping between neighboring sulfonate groups. Cation Li+, Na+ and Cs+ hydration numbers (h) in membranes were calculated from 1H chemical shift water molecule temperature dependences. The values calculated from the Nernst-Einstein equation and the experimental conductivity values were close to each other in Nafion membranes. In MSC membranes, calculated conductivities were one order of magnitude more compared to the experimental ones, which is explained by the heterogeneity of the membrane pore and channel system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly I Volkov
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
- Scientific Center in Chernogolovka of the Institute of Solid State Physics Named Yu. A. Osipyan RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Nikita A Slesarenko
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Alexander V Chernyak
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
- Scientific Center in Chernogolovka of the Institute of Solid State Physics Named Yu. A. Osipyan RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Irina A Avilova
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Victor P Tarasov
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
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Vasil'eva VI, Saud AM, Akberova EM. Direct evidence for the electroconvective mechanism of neutral amino acid transport during electrodialysis. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2023.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
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Ren Y, Ning P, Qu G, Ren N, Wu F, Yang Y, Chen X, Wang Z, Hu Y. Nano Biomass Material functionalized by β-CD@Ce(NO) 3 as a high performance adsorbent to removal of fluorine from wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:136859. [PMID: 36283434 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fluorine pollution has become one of the key issues of water pollution, and the adsorption materials for efficient removal of fluorine ions have attracted much attention. It is rarely reported that the self-synthesized biomass materials were functionalized by the β-CD@Ce(NO)3. This paper mainly proposed a new synthetic method of the self-synthesized biomass materials were modified by the β-CD@Ce(NO)3 and removal of fluorine ions. The effects of this materials on the adsorption efficiency of fluorine ions under different conditions were explored, and the kinetic and thermodynamic simulations were carried out. The results show that the self-synthesized biomass materials were modified by the β-CD@Ce(NO)3 has significant pore structure, large specific surface area and multi-functional group. Adsorption experiment showed that the reaction reached adsorption equilibrium at 30 min. The removal rate of fluorine ions reached 93.13%, and the fluorine ions adsorption capacity was 37.25 mg/g under neutral conditions. The material can be recycled for more than 5 times, and the adsorption efficiency remains above 94%. The adsorption kinetics accorded with the pseudo second-order model and the adsorption isotherm equation is in line with the Langmuir isotherm adsorption model. PO43- and CO32- have the most impact on fluorine ions adsorption. This method reduces the synthesis cost of high-performance adsorption materials and improves the adsorption performance, which is conducive to the popularization and application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanchuan Ren
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China; National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Ping Ning
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China; National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Guangfei Qu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China; National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China.
| | - Nanqi Ren
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Fenghui Wu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China; National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Yuyi Yang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China; National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China; National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Zuoliang Wang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China; National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Yan Hu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China; National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
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Bushkova OV, Sanginov EA, Chernyuk SD, Kayumov RR, Shmygleva LV, Dobrovolsky YA, Yaroslavtsev AB. Polymer Electrolytes Based on the Lithium Form of Nafion Sulfonic Cation-Exchange Membranes: Current State of Research and Prospects for Use in Electrochemical Power Sources. MEMBRANES AND MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s2517751622070010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Loza S, Loza N, Kutenko N, Smyshlyaev N. Profiled Ion-Exchange Membranes for Reverse and Conventional Electrodialysis. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12100985. [PMID: 36295744 PMCID: PMC9609011 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12100985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Profiled ion-exchange membranes are promising for improving the parameters of reverse electrodialysis due to the reduction of pumping power and electrical resistance. The smooth commercial heterogeneous cation-exchange MK-40 and anion-exchange MA-41 membranes were chosen as the initial membranes. Profiled membranes with three different types of surface profiles were obtained by hot pressing the initial membranes. The bilayer membranes were made on the basis of single-layer profiled membranes by casting MF-4SK film on the profiled surfaces. The diffusion permeability of all types of single-layer and bilayer profiled membranes was higher than of the initial ones due to the appearance of large defects on their surface during pressing. The conductivity of the profiled membrane was lower in the diluted solution and higher in the concentrated solution than of the initial one for all samples except for the bilayer anion-exchange membrane. The conductivity of that sample was lower than that of the initial anion-exchange MA-41 membrane over the entire range of studied concentrations. The counter-ion transport numbers for all studied membranes were calculated based on the concentration dependences of conductivity and diffusion permeability of the membrane by the microheterogeneous model. The selectivity of single layer and bilayer profiled membranes became lower after their profiling due to the increase of the solution phases of membranes. The asymmetry of the current-voltage curves for all single-layer and bilayer profiled membranes was found. The application of the single layer and bilayer profiled membranes in reverse electrodialysis did not lead to an increase in power density.
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Shkirskaya SA, Kononenko NA, Timofeev SV. Structural and Electrotransport Properties of Perfluorinated Sulfocationic Membranes Modified by Silica and Zirconium Hydrophosphate. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:979. [PMID: 36295738 PMCID: PMC9610900 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12100979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A correlation between changes in structural and electrotransport properties of membranes after modification by silica and zirconium hydrophosphate was established. The total water volume, volume fraction of the free water in the membrane and the volume fraction of the water having high binding energy were considered as structural characteristics, which were found from the curves of water distribution on the water binding energy and the effective pore radii. The conductivity, diffusion and electroosmotic permeabilities were investigated as electrotransport properties. The influence of the modifier type on the current flow paths in the membrane was analyzed within the framework of the extended three-wire model. It has been established that the treatment of membranes with alcohol before the intercalation of a modifier leads to the appearance of cavities with an effective size of more than 100 nm filled with free water with the binding energy less than 10 J/mol. It is accompanied with an increase in the diffusion permeability of hybrid membranes by approximately 3-6 times in NaCl and HCl solutions, which limits the application of such materials in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The different conditions of modification of perfluorinated membranes with similar properties by the dopant with same type allow for the preparation of the hybrid materials for various applications such as electrodialysis concentration or electric current generation devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana A. Shkirskaya
- Physical Chemistry Department, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya Str., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Natalia A. Kononenko
- Physical Chemistry Department, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya Str., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Sergej V. Timofeev
- JSC Plastpolymer, 32 Polyustrovskiy prospect, 195197 St. Petersburg, Russia
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Golubenko DV, Malakhova VR, Yurova PA, Evsiunina MV, Stenina IA. Effect of Sulfonation Conditions on Properties of Ion-Conducting Membranes Based on Polystyrene Grafted on Gamma-Irradiated Polyvinylidene Fluoride Films. MEMBRANES AND MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s2517751622040035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Slesarenko NA, Chernyak AV, Avilova IA, Zabrodin VA, Volkov VI. Mobility of water molecules in Li+, Na+ and Cs+ ionic forms of Nafion membrane studied by NMR. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2022.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Voropaeva DY, Safronova EY, Novikova SA, Yaroslavtsev AB. Recent progress in lithium-ion and lithium metal batteries. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Ion and Molecular Transport in Solid Electrolytes Studied by NMR. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095011. [PMID: 35563404 PMCID: PMC9103273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
NMR is the method of choice for molecular and ionic structures and dynamics investigations. The present review is devoted to solvation and mobilities in solid electrolytes, such as ion-exchange membranes and composite materials, based on cesium acid sulfates and phosphates. The applications of high-resolution NMR, solid-state NMR, NMR relaxation, and pulsed field gradient 1H, 7Li, 13C, 19F, 23Na, 31P, and 133Cs NMR techniques are discussed. The main attention is paid to the transport channel morphology, ionic hydration, charge group and mobile ion interaction, and translation ions and solvent mobilities in different spatial scales. Self-diffusion coefficients of protons and Li+, Na+, and Cs+ cations are compared with the ionic conductivity data. The microscopic ionic transfer mechanism is discussed.
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Apel PY, Velizarov S, Volkov AV, Eliseeva TV, Nikonenko VV, Parshina AV, Pismenskaya ND, Popov KI, Yaroslavtsev AB. Fouling and Membrane Degradation in Electromembrane and Baromembrane Processes. MEMBRANES AND MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s2517751622020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Yu. Safronova E, Korchagin OV, Bogdanovskaya VA, Yaroslavtsev AB. Effect of ultrasonic treatment of Nafion® solution on the performance of fuel cells. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2022.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Alent’ev AY, Volkov AV, Vorotyntsev IV, Maksimov AL, Yaroslavtsev AB. Membrane Technologies for Decarbonization. MEMBRANES AND MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s2517751621050024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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